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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.5614 Genus Antirhea Comm. ex Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 204 (1789)
Distribution: Madagascar (2), Mascarene Isl.
Species listed in database: 3
= Laugeria Vahl; Eclog. Amer. 26, t. 10 (1796) p. p.
species :
Antirhea bifida (Lam.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 166 (1935)
Distribution: Mauritius; +Rodrigues
29 MAU ROD
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirhea bifurcata (Desr.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 100 (1873)
= Antirhea frangulacea DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 459 (1830)
= Guettarda frangulacea Sieber ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830), pro syn.
= Malanea bifurcata Desr.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3: 688 (1792)
= Stenostomum bifurcatum (Desr.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830)
= Tournefortia bifida Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 417 (1792)
species :
Antirhea borbonica J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis, 1: 244 (1791)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Antirhea dioica Bory ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 459 (1830)
= Antirhea dioica var. acuminata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830)
= Antirhea dioica var. barbinervis (Sieber ex DC.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830)
= Antirhea lostaeana Comm. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 459 (1830), pro syn.
= Antirhea verticillata (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 459 (1830)
= Cunninghamia verticillata (Desr.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 615 (1798)
= Guettarda acuminata Sieber ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830), pro syn.
= Guettarda antirhoea D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 788 (1839)
= Guettarda barbinervis Sieber ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 460 (1830)
= Guettarda dioica (Bory ex DC.) D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 788 (1839)
= Guettarda verticillata (Desr.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 7: 377 (1880)
= Malanea verticillata Desr.in Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3: 688 (1792)
variant :
var. duplidivisa Chaw; Tulane Stud. Zool. & Bot. 28(2): 56 (1992)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Antirhea madagascariensis Chaw; Tulane Stud. Zool. & Bot. 28(2): 57 (1992)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life