346.0000
Family
Podostemaceae Rich. ex Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: ed. qu. 246 (1816), nom. cons.
ca. 50 genera, ca. 370 spp. Latest phylogeny: Ruhfeld et al. (2024) who could include only about half of the genera due to DNA extraction problems from herbarium specimens. There are obviously too many species described because the plastic variability of many species (depending on the site conditions) has been underestimated. Many species are known from only 1-2 locations and are extremely threatened by climate changes, river changes, drought, deforestation and other man-made influences.
Species listed in database: 367
= Marathraceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 60, 62 (1829)
= Philocrenaceae Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 3(2): 87 (1834)
= Tristichaceae Willis; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 43: 51 (1915)
346.3046
Genus
Apinagia Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 97 (1849)
Distribution: Tropical S-America. According to Ruhfeld et al. (2024) there are way too many species described because of neglected plastic variability, and there are probably only about 15 species existing
Species listed in database: 46
= Blandowia Willd.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 10, t. 4, f. 2 (1809)
= Ligea Poit. ex Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849), et Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:(Podost. Monogr.). 85. tt. 4-7 (1852)
= Neolacis Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 59 (1873)
= Oenone Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
species :
Apinagia aripecuruensis
P.Royen; Acta Bot. Neerl. 3: 257. 260 (1954)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará)
84 BRA
species :
Apinagia arminensis
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 48, 128 (1951)
Distribution: Surinam; French Guiana
82 FRG SUR
species :
Apinagia batrachifolia
(Mildbr.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 56 (1951)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone batrachifolia Mildbr.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 47: 147 (1905)
species :
Apinagia brejoagrestinensis
A.S.Tav. & Sobral-Leite; Phytotaxa 220(1): 62 (2015)
Distribution: Brazil (Pernambuco)
84 BRA
species :
Apinagia brevicaulis
Mildbr. & Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 4 (1927)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar)
82 VEN
species :
Apinagia corymbosa
(Tul.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 18a: 38 (1930)
Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligea corymbosa (Tul.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 78 (1894)
= Ligea richardiana var. corymbosa Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
= Neolacis corymbosa (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
= Oenone othmeri Matthiesen; Biblioth. Bot. 68: 13 (1908)
variant :
var. capillarifolia
(Engl.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 53 (1951)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Roraima)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apinagia capillarifolia Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 3 (1927)
= Apinagia microcarpa Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 3 (1927)
= Apinagia uleana Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 3 (1927)
species :
Apinagia crispa
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 57, 129 (1951)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Apinagia digitata
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 42, 128 (1951)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
species :
Apinagia dissecta
(Mont. ex Wedd.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 18a: 38 (1930)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anthoceros dissectus Mont. ex Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 62 (1873)
= Ligea dissecta (Wedd.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 78 (1894)
= Neolacis dissecta (Montagn.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 62 (1873)
species :
Apinagia divaricata
Tul. & Wedd. ex Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 97 (1849)
Distribution: WC-Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Neolacis divaricata (Tul. & Wedd.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
species :
Apinagia exilis
(Tul.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 53 (1951)
Distribution: Colombia (Vichada); Venezuela (Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; N-Brazil (Amazonas)
82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligea richardiana var. exilis Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 97 (1849)
= Neolacis corymbosa var. exilis (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
species :
Apinagia flexuosa
(Tul.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 37 (1951)
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana
82 FRG GUY SUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligea flexuosa Tul.; Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 88 (1852)
= Oenone flexuosa (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 58 (1873)
species :
Apinagia fluitans
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 51, 128 (1951)
Distribution: Bolivia (Pando); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
83 BOL 84 BRA
species :
Apinagia fucoides
(Mart.) Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 98 (1849)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Remarks: valid species fide Ruhfeld et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis fucoides Mart.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Martius] 1: 5, t. 2 (1824)
= Neolacis fucoides (Mart.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 61 (1873)
species :
Apinagia gardneriana
Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 98 (1849)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Neolacis gardneriana (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 61 (1873)
species :
Apinagia glaziovii
(Warm.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 46 (1951)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone glaziovii Warm.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 2a: 18 (1890)
species :
Apinagia goejei
Went ex Pulle; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 6: 266 (1909), nomen, et in Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, sect. 2 16: 39 (1910), descr.
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Apinagia guairaensis
Fiebrig-Gertz; Revista Jard. Bot. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paraguay 2: 89, 96 (1923 publ. 1930)
Distribution: Paraguay (Canindeyu)
85 PAR
species :
Apinagia guyanensis
(Pulle) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 37 (1951)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Amazonas)
82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Remarks: valid species fide Ruhfeld et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Apinagia imthurnii (Goebel) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 58 (1951)
= Oenone guyanensis Pulle; Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam 193 (1906)
= Oenone imthurnii Goebel; Pflanzenbiol. Schilderungen [Goebel] 2: 376 (1891)
species :
Apinagia hulkiana
(Went) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 43 (1951)
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas)
82 GUY SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone hulkiana Went ex Pulle; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 9: 139 (1912)
species :
Apinagia itanensis
Schnell; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 264 (1969)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
species :
Apinagia kochii
(Engl.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 38 (1951)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); Guyana; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima)
82 FRG GUY VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apinagia latifolia (K.I.Goebel) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 59 (1951)
= Oenone kochii Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 1 (1927)
= Oenone latifolia K.I.Goebel; Pflanzenbiol. Schilderungen [Goebel] 2: 375 (1891)
species :
Apinagia leptophylla
(Goebel) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 59 (1951)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone leptophylla Goebel; Pflanzenbiol. Schilderungen [Goebel] 2: 377 (1891)
species :
Apinagia longifolia
(Tul.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 36 (1951)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará)
82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Remarks: valid species fide Ruhfeld et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligea longifolia (Tul.) Tul.; Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 86 (1852)
= Oenone longifolia Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
species :
Apinagia marowynensis
(Went) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 48 (1951)
Distribution: Surinam; ?French Guiana
82 SUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone marowynensis Went ex Pulle; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 6: 266 (1909), nomen, et in Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, Sect. 2 16(1): 33 (1910), descr.
species :
Apinagia membranacea
(Bong.) Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 99 (1849)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis membranacea Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 1(3): 76 (1831)
= Neolacis membranacea (Bong.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 64 (1873)
species :
Apinagia minor
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 52, 129 (1951)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará)
84 BRA
species :
Apinagia multibranchiata
(Matthiesen) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 39 (1951)
Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Carabobo)
82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone multibranchiata Matthiesen; Biblioth. Bot. 68: 13, 48 (1908)
species :
Apinagia petiolata
Hollander; Acta Bot. Neerl. 32(3): 223 (1983)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Apinagia platystigma
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 60, 129 (1951)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amapá)
84 BRA
species :
Apinagia psyllophora
Tul. & Wedd. ex Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 97 (1849)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Neolacis psyllophora Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
species :
Apinagia pusilla
Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 99 (1849)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
Synonyms: hidden
= Neolacis pusilla (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 63 (1873)
species :
Apinagia pygmaea
(Bong.) Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 99 (1849)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis pygmaea Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 1(3): 77 (1831)
= Neolacis pygmaea (Bong.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
species :
Apinagia rangiferina
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 61, 130 (1951)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Apinagia richardiana
(Tul.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 44 (1951)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Pernambuco, Alagoas); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná)
82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Remarks: valid species fide Ruhfeld et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis chrysanthemum Schnizl.; Iconogr. Fam. Regn. Veg. 2: t. 85 (1851)
= Ligea richardiana Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
= Ligea richardiana var. major Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
= Neolacis richardiana Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 96 (1849)
= Neolacis richardiana var. microcarpa Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 60 (1873)
= Oenone richardiana (Tul.) Warm.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 2a: 18 (1891)
species :
Apinagia riedelii
(Bong.) Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 98 (1849)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis riedelii Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 1(3): 75 (1831)
= Neolacis riedelii (Bong.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 61 (1873)
species :
Apinagia ruppioides
(Kunth) Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 98 (1849)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar)
82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Lacis ruppioides (Kunth) Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 1(3): 78 (1831)
= Neolacis ruppioides (Kunth) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 61 (1873)
= Podostemum ruppioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: 246 (1824)
species :
Apinagia secundiflora
(Tul.) Pulle; Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam 194 (1906)
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapá)
82 FRG GUY SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligea secundiflora Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 97 (1849)
= Neolacis secundiflora (Tul.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 62 (1873)
= Oenone secundiflora (Tul.) Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 2 (1927)
species :
Apinagia spruceana
(Wedd.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 18a: 39 (1930)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Neolacis spruceana Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 17: 64 (1873)
species :
Apinagia staheliana
(Went) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 40 (1951)
Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam
82 CLM GUY SUR VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone staheliana Went; Verh. Kon. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 25(1): 14 (1926)
species :
Apinagia surumuensis
(Engl.) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 40 (1951)
Distribution: Guyana; N-Brazil (Roraima)
82 GUY 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone surumuensis Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 2 (1927)
species :
Apinagia tenuifolia
P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 42 (1951), nom. nov.
Distribution: N-Brazil (Roraima)
84 BRA
Remarks: valid species fide Ruhfeld et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone uleana Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 1 (1927)
species :
Apinagia treslingiana
(Went) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 41 (1951)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone treslingiana Went ex Pulle; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 6: 266 (1909), nomen, et in Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, Sect. 2 16(1): 22 (1910), descr.
species :
Apinagia versteegiana
(Went) P.Royen; Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 49 (1951)
Distribution: Surinam; N-Brazil (Amapá)
82 SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oenone versteegiana Went ex Pulle; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 6: 266 (1909), nomen, et in Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, Sect. 2 16(1): 30 (1910), descr.
species :
Apinagia willdenowii
(Tul.) Tul.; Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 106 (1852)
Distribution: Argentina
85 ARG
Remarks: status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Blandowia striata Willd.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 100 (1809)
= Dicraeia willdenowii Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 11: 101 (1849)
= Lacis fallacissima Bisch.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 17: 961 (1835)
species :
Apinagia yguazuensis
Chodat & Vischer; Veg. Paraguay [Chodat] 241 (1917)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Canindeyu); Argentina (Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
