491.0000
Family
Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14337; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
491.7509
Genus
Canthium Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 602 (1783)
Distribution: Tropical Old World (centered in the Philippines) from E- and S-trop. Africa eastward to E-Polynesia. The genus is hopelessly paraphyletic and will need to be split in the future in several genera.
Species listed in database: 82
= Clusiophyllea Baill.; Adansonia 12: 197 (1879), nom. inval.
= Dondisia DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 469 (1830)
= Lycioserissa Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 353 (1819)
= Psilostoma Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 361 (1837)
Search for: Canthium oligocarpum-subsp.-intermedium
Nothing found!
species :
Canthium aciculatum
Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 57: 57 (1911)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Perak)
42 MLY
species :
Canthium angustifolium
Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 85 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 169 (1824), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 533 (1832)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Thailand
40 BAN IND 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium leschenaultii (DC.) Wight & Arn.; Cat. Indian Pl. [Wight] 77 (1833)
= Canthium trachystyle Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 10: 95 (1920)
= Dondisia leschenaultii DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 469 (1830)
= Plectronia leschenaultii (DC.) Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India 134/6 (1871)
species :
Canthium arboreum
Vidal; Phan. Cuming. Philipp. 181 (1885)
Distribution: N-Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia arborea (Vidal) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 28 (1906)
species :
Canthium aurantiacum
Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 233 (1945)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Canthium berberidifolium
E.T.Geddes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 244 (1928)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia
41 CBD LAO THA
species :
Canthium bipinnatum
(Blanco) Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 27: 53 (1905)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ronabea bipinnata Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 162 (1837)
species :
Canthium brunneum
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 7 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia brunnea Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 441 (1920 publ. 1921)
species :
Canthium calvum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 136 (1932), Craib, Fl. Thailand. Enum. 2: 136 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium cambodianum
Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 291 (1924)
Distribution: Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD VIE
species :
Canthium campanulatum
Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 152 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia campanulata (Thwaites) Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India 134/6 (1872)
species :
Canthium cavaleriei
H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 434 (1912)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Canthium ciliatum
(D.Dietr.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 545 (1898)
Name: Hairy Turkey-berry
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia ciliata D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 856 (1839)
= Plectronia ciliata var. glabrata Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 3: 18 (1865)
= Plectronia ciliata var. mollis Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 3: 18 (1865)
= Psilostoma ciliata Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 362 (1837)
species :
Canthium coffeoides
Pierre ex Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 296 (1924)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia coffeoides Pierre ex Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 296 (1924)
species :
Canthium congestiflorum
Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 82: 185 (1920)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Johor)
42 MLY
species :
Canthium coromandelicum
(Burm.f.) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: 152 (1931)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Thailand
40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium parviflorum Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 602 (1785) (non Roxb.)
= Gmelina coromandelina Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 132 (1768)
= Paederia valli-kara Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 381 (1820)
= Plectronia parviflora (Lam.) Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India 134/5 (1872)
= Webera tetrandra Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 1224 (1798)
species :
Canthium depressinerve
Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 10: 141 (1920)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (throughout)
42 MLY
species :
Canthium ellipticum
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 8 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia elliptica Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 165 (1917)
species :
Canthium fenicis
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 8 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Cebu)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia fenicis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 8: 50 (1913)
species :
Canthium ferrugineum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 138 (1932)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium filipendulum
Pierre ex Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 296 (1924)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia filipendula Pierre ex Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 296 (1924)
species :
Canthium flavovirens
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 50(2): 168 (2022)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Canthium fraternum
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 253 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Canthium glandulosum
(Blanco) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 8 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Negros, Mindanao)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ixora glandulosa Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 61 (1837)
= Plectronia glandulosa (Blanco) Merr.; Sp. Blancoan. 365 (1918)
= Plectronia viridis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 131 (1906)
species :
Canthium glaucum
Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 134 (1877)
subspecies :
subsp. glaucum
Distribution: Somalia; Kenya
24 SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia glauca (Hiern) K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 386 (1895)
subspecies :
subsp. frangula
(S.Moore) Bridson; Kew Bull. 47(3): 366 (1992)
Distribution: Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia (Caprivi Strip); Botswana
26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium frangula S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 89 (1911)
= Canthium glaucum var. frangula (S.Moore) Bridson; Kew Bull. 47: 366 (1992)
variant :
var. pubescens
Bridson; Kew Bull. 47(3): 366 (1992)
Distribution: Zambia; Zimbabwe
26 ZAM ZIM
species :
Canthium grandiflorum
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 50(2): 169 (2022)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium hainanense
(Merr.) Lantz; Fl. China 19: 84 (2011)
Distribution: China (Hainan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Meyna hainanensis Merr.; Lingnan Sci. J. 14: 57 (1935)
species :
Canthium hirtellum
Ridl.; J. Bot. 62: 297 (1924)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo
42 BOR MLY SUM
species :
Canthium hispidonervosum
(De Wild.) C.M.Evrard; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 37: 459 (1967)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia hispidonervosa De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 29 (1915)
species :
Canthium horridulum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 139 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 332 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium horridum
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 966 (1826)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hongkong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (throughout); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.)
36 CHI 40 BAN 41 MYA THA VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY PHI SNG SUM
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium hebecladum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 474 (1830)
= Canthium horridum var. xanthocaulon (Miq.) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 251 (1869)
= Canthium parviflorum Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 474 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Canthium pauciflorum Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 165 (1837)
= Canthium scandens var. xanthocaulon Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 256 (1857)
= Canthium zizyphinum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 8288A, C (1847), nomen
= Dondisia horrida (Blume) Korth.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 2(2): 236 (1851)
= Hyptianthera rhamnoides Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Arch. Ind. [Moritzi et al.] 60 (1846)
= Peponidium horridum (Blume) Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 33 (1960)
= Plectronia horrida (Blume) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 46(2): 153 (1877)
species :
Canthium inerme
(L.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 545 (1898)
Name: Common Turkey-berry, Cape Date
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium swynnertonii S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 88 (1911)
= Canthium thunbergianum Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 130 (1829), nom. inval.
= Canthium ventosum S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 91 (1911) et auct. non Plectronia ventosa L.
= Lycioserissa capensis (Thunb.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 353 (1819)
= Lycium inerme L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 150 (1782)
= Plectronia swynnertonii (S.Moore) Eyles; Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 5: 493 (1916)
= Serissa capensis Thunb.; Nov. Gen. Pl. [Thunberg] 131 (1798)
species :
Canthium korthalsianum
Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 252 (1869)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Canthium kuntzeanum
Bridson; Kew Bull. 47(3): 393 (1992), nom. nov.
Name: Mountain Turkey-berry
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium pauciflorum (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 545 (1898), nom. illeg.
= Plectronia parviflora Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 3: 17 (1865)
= Plectronia pauciflora Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 363 (1837)
species :
Canthium laeve
Teijsm. & Binn.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27: 32 (1864)
Distribution: Sumatra (Bangka Isl.)
42 SUM
species :
Canthium lallanii
R.Kr.Singh; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 63 (2024)
Name: Thorny Rock Alder (EN)
Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 BOT SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium spinosum (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 545 (1898), non Thunb.
= Plectronia spinosa Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 3: 362 (1837)
species :
Canthium lasianthoides
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 253 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Canthium libericum
Dinkl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 158 (1937)
Distribution: Liberia
22 LBR
species :
Canthium longipes
E.T.Geddes; Fl. Siam 2: 140 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 333 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium lucidum
R.Br.; Voy. Abyss. [Salt] App. 62 (1814)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Canthium macrocarpum
Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 152 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia macrocarpa (Thwaites) Bedd.; Forester´s Man. Bot. 134/6 (1874)
species :
Canthium malayense
K.M.Wong; Gard. Bull. Singapore 70(2): 278 (2018)
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak)
41 THA 42 BOR MLY SNG SUM
species :
Canthium megacarpum
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 8 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia megacarpa Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 4: 326 (1909)
species :
Canthium megistocarpum
Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 232 (1945)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Canthium merrillianum
Mabb.; Taxon 26(5-6): 532 (1977), nom. nov.
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia cordata Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 166 (1917)
= Canthium cordatum (Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 7 (1928), nom. illeg.
species :
Canthium mite
Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 474 (1830)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia mitis (Bartl. ex DC.) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 28 (1906)
= Ronabea arborea Blanco; Fl. Filip., ed. 2 [Blanco] 114 (1845)
species :
Canthium molle
King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 73: 60 (1904)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Melaka)
42 MLY
species :
Canthium moluccanum
Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 85 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 172 (1824), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 536 (1832)
Distribution: Moluccas
42 MOL
species :
Canthium oblongum
(Valeton) Kaneh.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 671 (1932)
Distribution: Palau (Ulebsechel)
62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia oblonga Valeton; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 63: 310 (1930)
species :
Canthium obscurum
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Blumea 66(1): 93 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium oliganthum
(Miq.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 2(1): 134 (1891)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas
42 LSI MOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Vangueria oligantha Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 251 (1857)
= Vangueria oligantha var. microphylla Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 251 (1857)
= Canthium oliganthum var. microphyllum (Miq.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 2(1): 134 (1891)
species :
Canthium oligocarpum
Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 138 (1877)
subspecies :
subsp. oligocarpum
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium ruwenzoriense Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 376 (1932)
= Canthium sidamense Cufod.; Senckenberg. Biol. 46: 100 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. angustifolium
Bridson; Kew Bull. 47(3): 389 (1992)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
subspecies :
subsp. captum
(Bull.) Bridson; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Rubiac. (Part 3): 878 (1991)
Distribution: Burundi; Tanzania; Malawi; Mozambique
23 BUR 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium captum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 376 (1932)
subspecies :
subsp. friesiorum
(Robyns) Bridson; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Rubiac. (Part 3): 878 (1991)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Rytigynia friesiorum Robyns; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 614 (1929)
subspecies :
subsp. intermedium
Bridson; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Rubiac. (Part 3): 878 (1991)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Canthium parvifolium
Roxb.; [Hort. Bengal. 15 (1814), nomen] Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 170 (1824)
Distribution: India (Assam, Bihar, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago, Mon, Rakhine, Taninthayi); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Java
40 BAN IND 41 CBD LAO MYA VIE 42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia parvifolia (Roxb.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46(2): 153 (1877)
= Plectronia parvifolia (Roxb.) K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 4: 92 (1891)
= Webera adunca W.Hunter; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 53: 80 (1909)
species :
Canthium paucinervium
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 8 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao, Luzon, Bucas Grande)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia paucinervia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 8: 51 (1913)
species :
Canthium pedunculare
Cav.; Icon. [Cavanilles] 5: 21, t. 436 (1799)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon); Java
42 JAW PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium lycioides A.Rich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 475 (1830)
= Canthium monoflorum Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 166 (1837)
= Plectronia lycioides (A.Rich. ex DC.) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 28 (1906)
= Plectronia peduncularis (Cav.) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 28 (1906)
= Webera peduncularis (Cav.) F.Dietr.; Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 10: 538 (1910)
species :
Canthium polyanthum
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 545 (1861)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Canthium puberulum
Thwaites ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 134 (1880)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
species :
Canthium quadratum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 142 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 334 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium rheedei
DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 474 (1830)
Distribution: S-India (Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium amarum Oken; Allg. Naturgesch. 3(2): 853 (1841)
= Canthium rheedei var. minus Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 153 (1859)
= Plectronia rheedei (DC.) Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India 134/5 (1872)
= Webera tetrandra Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 8265 A (1847), non Willd.
species :
Canthium rotundum
W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 50(2): 175 (2022)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium sarcocarpum
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 9 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia sarcocarpa Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 114 (1915)
species :
Canthium sarmentosum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 143 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 335 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium scabridum
Ridl.; J. Bot. 62: 297 (1924)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kluang, Johor)
42 MLY
species :
Canthium scandens
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 966 (1826)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia scandens (Blume) Koord. & Valeton; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 3: 260 (1912)
species :
Canthium schlechterianum
Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 232 (1945)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia nitens Valeton; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 57 (1927)
species :
Canthium simile
Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 2: 19 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
species :
Canthium sordidum
(K.Schum.) Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 366 (1932)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia sordida K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 386 (1895)
species :
Canthium spirostylum
Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 251 (1869)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Canthium stellulatum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 143 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 335 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia
41 THA 42 MLY
species :
Canthium strigosum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 143 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 336 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl.)
41 THA 42 MLY
species :
Canthium strychnoides
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 144 (1932), Craib in Kew Bull. 337 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Terengganu)
41 THA 42 MLY
species :
Canthium subaureum
Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 144 (1932), Craib. in Kew Bull. 337 (1932), descr. ampl.
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Canthium subcapitatum
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 9 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia subcapitata Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 443 (1920 publ. 1921)
species :
Canthium suberosum
Codd; Bothalia 9: 345 (1967)
Name: Corky Turkey-berry
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 SAF SWZ
species :
Canthium subsessilifolium
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 35: 9 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pyrostria subsessilifolia (Merr.) Arriola & Alejandro; Philipp. J. Syst. Biol. 7: 8, figs. 1-2 (2013)
= Plectronia subsessilifolia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 168 (1917)
species :
Canthium tavoyanum
(R.Parker) Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 155 (1954)
Distribution: Myanmar (Mandalay, Taninthayi)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia tavoyana R.Parker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 429 (1925)
= Canthium tavoyanum var. glabriforme Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 144 (1932)
= Canthium tavoyanum var. glabrius Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 144 (1932)
species :
Canthium travancoricum
(Bedd.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 134 (1880)
Distribution: India (Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia travancorica Bedd.; Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. [Beddome] 58 (1874)
species :
Canthium trichophorum
Quisumb. & Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 37: 201 (1928)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Canthium umbelligerum
Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 252 (1869)
Distribution: Borneo; Sulawesi; Moluccas
42 BOR MOL SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium umbelligerum var. obtusatum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 252 (1869)
= Canthium umbelligerum var. oliganthum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 252 (1869)
= Plectronia umbelligera (Miq.) Valeton; Nova Guinea 8: 477 (1911)
species :
Canthium vanwykii
Tilney & Kok; S. African J. Bot. 53(1): 98 (1987)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Canthium vembanadensis
Soja & T.Sunil; Ann. Pl. Sci. 12(1): 5657 (2023)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Canthium villarii
S.Vidal; Phan. Cuming. Philipp. 182 (1885)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia villarii (S.Vidal) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 28 (1906)
species :
Canthium violaceum
Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Arch. Ind. [Moritzi et al.] 64 (1846)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
