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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.5910 Genus Catesbaea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 109 (1753)
Distribution: Florida Keys, Caribbean
Species listed in database: 18
= Phyllacanthus Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 78 (1873)
species :
Catesbaea ekmaniana Urb.; Ark. Bot. 20A(5): 54 (1926)
Name: Anacaona (Dominican Republic)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea flaviflora Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 157 (1923)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Catesbaea foliosa Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 312 (1909)
Distribution: Bahamas (Great Inagua Isl., Crooked and Acklins Isl., Rum Cay Isl., Cat Isl.); Turks & Caicos Isl.
81 BAH TCI
species :
Catesbaea fuertesii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 402 (1912)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea gamboana Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 524 (1928)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
species :
Catesbaea glabra Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 401 (1912)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea grayi Griseb.; Pl. Wright. [Grisebach] 2: 503 (1862)
Distribution: Cuba; Haiti
81 CUB HIS
species :
Catesbaea holacantha C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 122 (1866)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Catesbaea longispina A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 12 (1850)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Catesbaea macracantha C.Wright; Anales Real Acad. Ci. Méd. Fís. Nat. Habana Revista Ci. 6: 99 (1869)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: threatened (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
species :
Catesbaea melanocarpa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 427 (1899)
Name: Tropical lilythorn
Distribution: Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix); Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe
81 ABA GDL PUE VIR
species :
Catesbaea microcarpa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 5: 509 (1908)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea nana Greenm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 428 (1897)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Catesbaea parviflora Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 30 (1788)
Name: Smallflower lilythorn
Distribution: USA (Florida); Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Virgin Gorda); Antigua; Barbuda
78 USA 81 ABA BAH CAY CUB HIS JAM PUE VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Catesbaea campanulata Sagra ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 401 (1830)
= Catesbaea fasciculata Northr.; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 12: 66 (1902)
= Catesbaea parviflora var. septentrionalis Krug & Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 429 (1899)
= Echinodendrum campanulatum (Sagra ex DC.) A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 18 (1850)
= Echinodendrum parviflorum (Sw.) A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11(2): 18 (1850)
= Scolosanthus parviflorus (Sw.) C.Wright; Anales Real Acad. Ci. Méd. Fís. Nat. Habana Revista Ci. 6: 126 (1869)
species :
Catesbaea parvifolia DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 401 (1830)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea phyllacantha Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 122 (1866)
Name: Jia sin hojas (Cuba)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Phyllacanthus grisebachianus Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 11: 77 (1871)
species :
Catesbaea sphaerocarpa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 401 (1912)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 HIS
species :
Catesbaea spinosa L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 109 (1753)
Name: Prickly apple, Spanish guava (Bahamas), Catesbea, Huevo de aura, Huevo vegetal (Cuba)
Distribution: India [I]; Bahamas; Cuba
40 ind 81 BAH CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Catesbaea latifolia Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 10: t. 858 (1825)
= Catesbaea longiflora Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 30 (1788)
= Catesbaea macrantha A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 12 (1850)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life