498.0000
Family
Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 1: 62 (1809), nom. cons.
26 genera, ca. 740 spp. Systematics according to Wallander & Albert (1999)
Species listed in database: 761; hybrids: 8
= Bolivariaceae Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 20 (1839)
= Forestieraceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 345, Comm. 257 (1842)
= Fraxinaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 269, 288 (1818)
= Jasminaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 104 (1789)
= Ligustraceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han. 245, 254 (1836)
= Nyctanthaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 284 (1858)
= Schreberaceae Schnizl.; Iconogr. Fam. Regn. Veg. 2: ad t. 151x (1857-1870)
= Syringaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 115 (1847)
498.0544
Genus
Chionanthus Royen ex L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 8 (1753)
Distribution: Tropical and subtropical Asia; a few species in temp. China and E-North America. The African members have all been transferred into Noronhia.
Species listed in database: 148
= Bonamica Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 21 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Ceranthus Schreb.; Gen. Pl., ed. 8[a], 1: 14 (1789)
= Cylindria Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 69 (1790)
= Freyeria Scop.; Intr. Hist. Nat. 208 (1777)
= Linociera Sw. ex Schreb.; Gen. Pl., ed. 8[a], 2: 784 (1791)
= Majepea Post & Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 1: 347 (1903)
= Mayepea Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 81 (1775)
= Minutia Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 1: 19, t. 47 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Sarlina Guillaumin; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 23: 539 (1952)
= Tessarandra Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 8: 198 (1851)
= Thouinia L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 89 (1782)
species :
Chionanthus abriaquiensis
Fern.Alonso & Cogollo; Candollea 71(1): 63 (2016)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Chionanthus acuminatissimus
(Merr.) Kiew ex de Juana; Bouteloua 23: 15. 2016
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera acuminatissima Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: (1909)
species :
Chionanthus adamsii
Stearn; Bot. Not. 132(1): 58 (1979)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
species :
Chionanthus albidiflorus
Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 189 (1859)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus axillaris var. rostrata (C.B.Clarke) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 330 (1981)
= Chionanthus leprocarpus Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 189 (1859)
= Chionanthus malabarica var. albidiflorus (Thwaites) Panigrahi; Proc. 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982)
= Chionanthus rostratus Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 189 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus zeylanica var. rostratus (Thwaites) Panigrahi; Proc. 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982)
= Linociera albidiflora (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882)
= Linociera albidiflora var. rostrata C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882)
= Linociera leprocarpa (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882)
= Linociera rostrata C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Mayepea leprocarpa (Thwaites) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Mayepea rostrata (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus amblirrhinus
P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 765 (1996)
Distribution: N- & NE-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Chionanthus avilensis
(Steyerm.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 264 (1994)
Distribution: Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda)
82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera avilensis Steyerm.; Brittonia 30(1): 45 (1978)
species :
Chionanthus axillaris
R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 523 (1810)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus acuminiger F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 8: 42 (1873)
= Linociera acuminigera (F.Muell.) F.M.Bailey; Syn. Queensl. Fl. 302 (1883)
= Linociera axillaris (R.Br.) F.M.Bailey; Syn. Queensl. Fl. 302 (1883)
= Mayepea axillaris (R.Br.) F.Muell.; Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 92 (1883)
species :
Chionanthus axilliflorus
(Griseb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
subspecies :
subsp. axilliflorus
Name: Hueso
Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico
81 CUB HIS PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera axilliflora Griseb.; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 8: 519 (1863)
= Mayepea axilliflora (Griseb.) Krug & Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 345 (1893)
= Chionanthus acunae (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 26(3-4): 262 (1980 publ. 1981)
= Linociera acunae Borhidi & O.Muñiz; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25(1-2): 50 (1979)
subspecies :
subsp. moncadae
(Borhidi & O.Muñiz) P.A.González; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A, Pl. Vasc. Pl. Vasc. 14(2): 15 (2008)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus moncadae (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 26(3-4): 262 (1980 publ. 1981)
= Linociera moncadae Borhidi & O.Muñiz; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25(1-2): 50 (1979)
species :
Chionanthus bakeri
(Urb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera bakeri Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 5: 530 (1908)
species :
Chionanthus balgooyanus
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 347 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus beccarii
(Stapf) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 471 (1998)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera beccarii Stapf; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 115 (1915)
species :
Chionanthus brassii
(Kobuski) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 471 (1998)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera brassii Kobuski; J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 333 (1940)
species :
Chionanthus buloloensis
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 22 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus bumelioides
(Griseb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
subspecies :
subsp. bumelioides
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 BAH CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus bumelioides subsp. obovalis (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 26(3-4): 262 (1980 publ. 1981)
= Chionanthus miragoanae (Urb.) J.Jiménez Alm.; Phytologia 41(5): 328 (1979)
= Linociera bumelioides Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 169 (1866)
= Linociera bumelioides subsp. obovalis Borhidi & O.Muñiz; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25(1-2): 50 (1979)
= Linociera ekmanii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 236 (1924)
= Linociera miragoanae Urb.; Ark. Bot. 22A(8): 86 (1929)
= Mayepea bumelioides (Griseb.) Krug & Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 345 (1893)
subspecies :
subsp. cubensis
(P.Wilson) P.A.González; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A, Pl. Vasc. 14(2): 22 (2008)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus cubensis (P.Wilson) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
= Linociera bumelioides var. cubensis (P.Wilson) Camp & Monach.; Lloydia 2: 221 (1939)
= Linociera cubensis (P.Wilson) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 236 (1924), in obs
= Mayepea cubensis P.Wilson ex Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 390 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. lanceolatus
(Knobl.) Acev.-Rodr.; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98: 616 (2012)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus bumelioides var. lanceolata (Knobl.) Alain; Phytologia 63(1): 66 (1987)
= Chionanthus lanceolatus (Knobl.) J.Jiménez Alm.; Phytologia 41(5): 328 (1979)
= Linociera lanceolata Knobl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 33: 177 (1933)
species :
Chionanthus callophylloides
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 347 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus callophyllus
Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 319 (1851)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo
41 THA 42 BOR MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus platycarpus (King & Gamble) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42: 272 (1979)
= Linociera callophylla (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Linociera paludosa King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 268 (1906)
= Mayepea callophylla (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
= Olea platycarpa King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 271 (1906)
species :
Chionanthus carrii
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 22 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus caudifolius
(Ridl.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42(3): 266 (1979)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera caudata King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 268 (1906)
= Linociera caudifolia Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 317 (1923)
species :
Chionanthus caymanensis
Stearn; Bot. Not. 132(1): 58 (1979)
Distribution: Cayman Isl.
81 CAY
variant :
var. longipetala
Proctor; Kew Bull. 51(3): 501 (1996)
Distribution: Cayman Isl.
81 CAY
species :
Chionanthus celebicus
Koord.; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 637 (1898)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Chionanthus chrysopetalus
Cornejo ex Lombardi; Phytotaxa 311(2): 191 (2017)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Chionanthus clementis
(Quisumb. & Merr) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 472 (1998)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera clementis Quisumb. & Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 37: 189 (1928)
species :
Chionanthus colonchensis
Cornejo & Bonifaz; Fl. Bosque Garúa 160 (2004)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Chionanthus compactus
Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 13 (1788)
Name: Avispillo, Bridgotree; Trana (Dominican Republic), Bois de fer blanc, Bois de fer, Buckbill, Mountain parry, White ironwood, Wild olive (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas); Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Casanare, Cauca, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Santander); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy)
81 ABA DOM GDL GRE HIS MAR MTS PUE SAB STE STL STV TRT VEN VIR 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceranthus corniculatus Schreb. ex Eichl.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(1): 307 (1868)
= Ceranthus schreberi J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 26 (1791)
= Chionanthus caribaeus Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 2: 110 (1789)
= Chionanthus gorgonae Lozano & Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50: 198 (1992)
= Linociera alba Poit. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 296 (1844)
= Linociera caribaea (Jacq.) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Linociera compacta (Sw.) F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 4: 420 (1818)
= Linociera compacta (Sw.) R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 523 (1810)
= Linociera santamartensis Camp & Monach.; Lloydia 2: 224 (1939)
= Mayepea caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus cordulatus
Koord.; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 638 (1898)
Distribution: Borneo; Sulawesi; Moluccas
42 BOR MOL SUL
species :
Chionanthus coriaceus
(S.Vidal) Yuen P Yang & S.Y.Lu; Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 4: 129 (1998)
Distribution: Taiwan; Borneo; Palawan; Philippines (Babuyan, Luzon, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Panay, Mindanao)
38 TAI 42 BOR PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera coriacea S.Vidal; Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. 181 (1886)
= Linociera phanerophlebia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 27: 48 (1925)
= Linociera urdanetensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1656 (1913)
= Linociera vidalii Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1654 (1913)
= Mayepea coriacea (S.Vidal) Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 6: 11 (1904)
species :
Chionanthus courtallensis
Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India: clv (1872)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus leprocarpus var. courtallensis (Bedd.) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 330 (1981)
= Linociera courtallensis (Bedd.) Bourd.; Forest Trees Travancore 260 (1908)
= Linociera leprocarpa var. courtallensis (Bedd.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
species :
Chionanthus crassifolius
(Mart.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 273 (1994)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera crassifolia Mart.; Flora 24(2. Beibl.): 64 (1841)
= Mayepea crassifolia (Mart.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
variant :
var. elegans
(Eichler) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 274 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus elegans (Eichler) Lozano & Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(2): 200 (1992)
= Linociera elegans Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(4): 306 (1885)
= Mayepea elegans (Eichler) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus crassipetiolatus
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 24 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus crispus
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 44(1): 153 (1981)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
species :
Chionanthus curvicarpus
Kiew; Gard. Bull. Singapore 37: 211 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (once from Sg Kayu, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
species :
Chionanthus cuspidatus
Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 319 (1851)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera cuspidata (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Mayepea cuspidata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus decipiens
P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 766 (1996)
Distribution: Myanmar; peninsular Thailand
41 MYA THA
species :
Chionanthus densiflorus
Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 4 (1845)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera densiflora (Zoll. & Moritzi) Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Arch. Ind. [Moritzi et al.] 58 (1846)
= Mayepea densiflora (Zoll. & Moritzi) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus dictyophyllus
(Urb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera dictyophylla Urb.; Ark. Bot. 22A(8): 88 (1929)
species :
Chionanthus diversifolia
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 559 (1861)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera diversifolia (Miq.) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Mayepea diversifolia (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus domingensis
Lam.Tabl.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 30 (1791)
Name: Jiquicillo (Cuba), Lirio, Tarana (Dominican Republic), Cayepon (Haiti), Ironwood, White rosewood (Jamaica)
Distribution: Central America; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico
81 CUB HIS JAM PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera domingensis (Lam.) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61 (1894)
= Mayepea domingensis (Lam.) Krug & Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 44 (1893)
= Mayepea domingensis var. incrassata Krug & Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 345 (1892)
species :
Chionanthus dussii
(Krug & Urb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63: 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Name: Acomat du pays, Grembley (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Dominica; Martinique
81 DOM MAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera dussii (Krug & Urb.) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Mayepea dussii Krug & Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 347 (1893)
species :
Chionanthus ellipticus
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 319 (1851)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java
42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera cuspidata Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 8(4): 61 (1917), nom. illeg., non (Blume) Knobl.
= Linociera elliptica (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Linociera ridleyi Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 151 (1954)
= Mayepea elliptica (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus enerve
(Steenis) Kiew; J. Arnold Arbor. 64(4): 622 (1983)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Myxopyrum enerve Steenis; Blumea 15: 152 (1967)
species :
Chionanthus eriorachis
(Kerr) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 766 (1996)
Distribution: SW-Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera eriorhachis Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 130 (1938)
species :
Chionanthus evenius
(Stapf) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42: 268 (1979)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Selangor, Johor); Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera evenia Stapf; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 116 (1915)
species :
Chionanthus ferrugineus
(Gilg) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 274 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera ferruginea Gilg ex Urb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(Beibl. 60): 35 (1898)
species :
Chionanthus filiformis
(Vell.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 276 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bonamica filiformis Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 1: 21 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Chionanthus mandioccanus (Eichler) Lozano & Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(2): 200 (1992)
= Linociera mandioccana Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(1): 308 (1885)
= Mayepea mandioccana (Eichler) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus fluminensis
(Miers) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 278 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Tessarandra fluminensis Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 8: 198 (1851)
species :
Chionanthus gardneriorum
Kiew; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44(2): 125 (2016)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Chionanthus gigantifolius
Koord.; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 638 (1898)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Chionanthus gigas
(Lingelsh.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 472 (1998)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera gigas Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 14 (1927)
species :
Chionanthus globosus
(Kiew) Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 348 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus elaeocarpus var. globosus Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 374 (1980)
species :
Chionanthus glomeratus
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 318 (1851)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera blumeana Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87, et 153 (1894)
= Mayepea glomerata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus grandifolius
(Elmer) Kiew; Gard. Bull. Singapore 37(2): 210 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); peninsular Malaysia (once from Batu Biwa, Trengganu); Philippines (Mindanao)
41 MYA 42 MLY PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera grandifolia Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1657 (1913)
species :
Chionanthus greenii
Lombardi; Kew Bull. 61(2): 179 (2006)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Chionanthus guangxiensis
B.M.Miao; Guihaia 5(1): 21-22, f. 1 (1985)
Distribution: China (Guangxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera guangxiensis (B.M.Miao) B.M.Miao; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 118, t. 32 (1992)
species :
Chionanthus guianensis
(Aubl.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 9 (1805)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus mayepea Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 2: 1 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus tetrandrus Vahl; Enum. Pl. [Vahl] 1: 45 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Linociera tetrandra (Vahl) F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 4: 420 (1818)
= Linociera tetrandra (Vahl) R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 523 (1810), nom. illeg.
= Mayepea guianensis Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 81 (1775)
species :
Chionanthus hahlii
(Rech.) Kiew; Blumea 43: 472 (1998)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.
43 BIS SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera hahlii Rech.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 185 (1912)
species :
Chionanthus hainanensis
(Merr. & Chun) B.M.Miao; Invest. Stud. Nat. 7: 18 (1987)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera hainanensis Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 5(1-3): 168-169, t. 25 (1940)
= Linociera ramiflora f. caudatifolia L.C.Chia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3: 352 (1955)
species :
Chionanthus harmandii
(Gagnep.) de Juana; Bouteloua 23: 16 (2016)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera harmandii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 786 (1933)
species :
Chionanthus havilandii
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 375 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
species :
Chionanthus henryae
H.L.Li; Morris Arbor. Bull. 17: 63 (1966)
Distribution: USA (Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas)
78 USA
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in C. virginicus
species :
Chionanthus henryi
(H.L.Li) Y.F.Deng; Phytotaxa 736(2): 188 (2025)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin, Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon)
36 CHI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus helferi Panigrahi; Indian J. Forest. 8(1): 58 (1985), nom. nov.
= Chionanthus henryanus P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 50(2): 326 (1995), nom. nov.
= Linociera henryi H.L.Li; J. Arnold Arbor. 25(3): 313-314 (1944)
species :
Chionanthus holdridgei
(Camp & Monach.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Name: Hueso prieto
Distribution: Puerto Rico
81 PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera holdridgei Camp & Monach.; Lloydia 2: 223 (1939)
species :
Chionanthus implicatus
(Rusby) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 270 (1994)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); N-Brazil (Amazonas)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus confertus B.Ståhl; Fl. Ecuador 43(155-156): 51 (1991)
= Chionanthus idroboi Lozano & Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(2): 196 (1992)
= Mayepea implicata Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 314 (1907)
species :
Chionanthus jamaicensis
(Urb.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera jamaicensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 2: 456 (1901)
species :
Chionanthus kairoi
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 27 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus kajewskii
(Sleumer) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 473 (1998)
Distribution: Solomon Isl.
43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera kajewskii Sleumer; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 258 (1936)
species :
Chionanthus kinabaluensis
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 348 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus kostermansii
Kiew; Reinwardtia 14(2): 289 (2015)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI SUL
species :
Chionanthus lancifolius
(Ridl.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42(3): 269 (1979)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Perak, Pahang, Selangor)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera lancifolia Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 39: 14 (1903)
= Linociera parvifolia Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 79: 94 (1918)
= Olea ardisioides King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 271 (1905)
species :
Chionanthus leopoldii
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 349 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus ligustrinus
(Sw.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 9 (1805)
Name: Huesillo, Hueso blanco, Palo blanco, Palo de hueso
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico
79 MEX 80 GUA 81 HIS JAM PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera latifolia Vahl; Enum. Pl. [Vahl] 1: 46 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Linociera ligustrina (Sw.) Sw.; Fl. Ind. Occid. 1: 50 (1797)
= Linociera nigra Poit. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 296 (1844)
= Mayepea latifolia (Vahl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Mayepea ligustrina (Sw.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Thouinia ligustrina Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 14 (1788)
species :
Chionanthus littoreus
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 559 (1861)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera littorea (Miq.) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
species :
Chionanthus longiflorus
(H.L.Li) B.M.Miao; Invest. Stud. Nat. 7: 18 (1987)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera longiflora H.L.Li; J. Arnold Arbor. 25(3): 313 (1944)
species :
Chionanthus longipetalus
(Merr.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 379 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera longipetala Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 249 (1929)
species :
Chionanthus lucens
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 44(1): 154 (1981)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Janing, Johor); Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR MLY
species :
Chionanthus luzonicus
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 319 (1851)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera luzonica (Blume) Fern.-Vill.; Fl. Filip. [Blanco], ed. 3, Nov. App. 4(13A): 128 (1880)
= Mayepea luzonica (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus macrobotrys
(Merr.) Kiew; J. Arnold Arbor. 64: 620 (1983)
Distribution: Borneo; Philippines (Luzon)
42 BOR PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera macrobotrys Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 117 (1918)
= Linociera scandens Quisumb. & Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 37: 189 (1928)
species :
Chionanthus macrocarpus
Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 319 (1851)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin, Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon); peninsular Malaysia (Trengganu, Pahang, Johor); +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Java
36 CHI 41 MYA 42 BOR JAW MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus elaeocarpus (Stapf) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42(3): 267 (1979)
= Chionanthus insignis Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 559 (1861)
= Linociera elaeocarpa Stapf; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 115 (1915)
= Linociera insignis (Miq.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 610 (1882)
= Linociera macrocarpa (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 132 (1894)
= Mayepea insignis (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus macrothyrsus
(Merr.) Soejarto & P.K.Lôc; Seed Pl. Cuc Phuong National Park 435 (2004)
Distribution: Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera macrothyrsa Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 23: 189 (1942)
species :
Chionanthus mala-elengi
(Dennst.) P.S.Green; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 26(1-2): 124 (1984 publ. 1985)
subspecies :
subsp. mala-elengi
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus malabaricus (Wall. ex G.Don) Bedd.; Trees Madras 44 (1863), et Fl. Sylv. S. India t. 239 (1872)
= Forsythia mala-elengi Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 31 (1818)
= Ligustrum microphyllum (J.Graham) S.M.Almeida; Fl. Savantwadi 1: 248 (1990), nom. illeg.
= Linociera malabarica Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 53 (1837), descr
= Mayepea malabarica (Wall. ex G.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Phillyrea microphylla J.Graham; Cat. Pl. Bombay [Graham] 108 (1839)
subspecies :
subsp. linocieroides
(Wight) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 767 (1996)
Distribution: India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus linocieroides (Wight) Bennet & Raizada; Indian J. Forest. 4(1): 68 (1981)
= Chionanthus wightii (C.B.Clarke) Bahadur & R.C.Gaur; Indian J. Forest. 4: 77 (1981), nom. superfl.
= Linociera wightii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882), nom. superfl.
= Mayepea linocierodes (Wight) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 711 (1891)
= Olea linocieroides Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 4: t. 1241 (1848)
subspecies :
subsp. terniflorus
(Wall. ex G.Don) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 767 (1996)
Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Bago, Kachin, Kayin, Mandalay, Rakhine, Sagaing, Shan, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
40 BAN IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus burmanicus Panigrahi; 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982) (nom. nov.)
= Chionanthus burmanicus var. acuminatus (Wall. ex DC.) Panigrahi; Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. Assoc. 69(3): 120 (1982), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus caudatus (Collett & Hemsl.) Bahadur & R.C.Gaur; Indian J. Forest. 4: 77 (1981)
= Chionanthus terniflorus (Wall. ex G.Don) Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 740 (1854)
= Chionanthus terniflorus var. acuminata (Clarke) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78(2): 332 (1981)
= Chionanthus terniflorus var. acuminatus (Wall. ex G.Don) Bahadur & R.C.Gaur; Indian J. Forest. 4: 77 (1981)
= Chionanthus terniflorus var. acuminatus (Wall. ex G.Don) Panigrahi; Proc. 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982), isonym
= Linociera acuminata Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 298 (1844)
= Linociera caudata Collett & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 84 (1891)
= Linociera pierrei Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 786 (1932 publ. 1933)
= Linociera pubipaniculata Merr.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 187 (1934)
= Linociera terniflora var. acuminata Wall. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 610 (1882)
= Linociera terniflora Wall. & G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 53 (1837)
= Mayepea acuminata Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Olea terniflora (Wall. ex G.Don) Kurz; Prelim. Rep. Forest Pegu, App. A: 88:, App. B. 66, in clavi (1875)
species :
Chionanthus maxwellii
P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 55(1): 194 (2000)
Distribution: N-Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
species :
Chionanthus megistocarpus
Fern.Alonso & Cogollo; Phytotaxa 269(1): 15 (2016)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Chionanthus micranthus
(Eichler) Lozano & Fuertes; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(2): 200 (1992)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera micrantha Mart.; Flora 24(2. Beibl.): 63 (1841)
= Mayepea micrantha (Mart.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus microbotrys
(Kerr) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 768 (1996)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera microbotrys Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 130 (1938)
species :
Chionanthus microstigma
(Gagnep.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 768 (1996)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus sangda (Gagnep.) Soejarto & P.K.Lôc; Seed Pl. Cuc Phuong National Park 435 (2004)
= Linociera microstigma Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 786 (1932 publ. 1933)
= Linociera sangda Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 787 (1932 publ. 1933)
species :
Chionanthus minutiflorus
Kurz; Forest Fl. Burma 2: 159 (1877)
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mon)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera minutiflora (Kurz) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 610 (1882)
= Mayepea minutiflora (Kurz) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus montanus
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 681 (1826)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobar Isl.); Thailand; Borneo; Sulawesi; Java
41 AND NCB THA 42 BOR JAW SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus monticola Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 317 (1851), nom. superfl.
= Linociera montana (Blume) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 53 (1837)
= Mayepea montana (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Notelaea lanceolata Teijsm. & Binn.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27: 33 (1864)
= Notelaea rostrata Teijsm. & Binn.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. [Teijsmann & Binnendijk] 122 (1866), nomen
species :
Chionanthus monteazulensis
Zavatin & Lombardi; Phytotaxa 603(3): 290 (2023)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Chionanthus nitens
Koord. & Valeton; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 59: 237 (1902)
Distribution: Sumatra; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 JAW LSI SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera nitens (Koord. & Valeton) Koord.; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 3: 50 (1912), in clavi
= Chionanthus montana Zoll. ex Koord. & Valeton; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 59: 237 (1902)
species :
Chionanthus nitidus
(Merr.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 473 (1998)
Distribution: Philippines (Basilan)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera nitida Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 339 (1915)
species :
Chionanthus oblanceolatus
(B.L.Rob.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 46(2): 273 (1991)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera oblanceolata B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 504 (1913)
species :
Chionanthus oblongifolius
Koord. & Valeton; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 59: 244 (1902)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera oblongifolia (Koord. & Valeton) Koord.; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 3: 50 (1912)
species :
Chionanthus obscurinervis
(C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (Hunan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera obscurinervis C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin; J. Centr. S. Forest. Univ. 20(2): 90 (2002)
species :
Chionanthus oliganthus
(Merr.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 379 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera oligantha Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 118 (1918) 13: 118 (1918)
species :
Chionanthus pachyphyllus
(Merr.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 381 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pachyphylla Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 150 (1954)
species :
Chionanthus palustris
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43: 382 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
species :
Chionanthus panamensis
(Standl.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 356 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera panamensis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 32 (1930)
species :
Chionanthus parkinsonii
(Hutch.) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78(2): 331 (1981)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Mon); peninsular Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Kelantan, Perak)
36 CHI 41 AND LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus brachythyrsus (Merr.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 50(2): 326 (1995)
= Chionanthus calcicola (Kerr) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42(3): 265 (1979)
= Chionanthus leucocladus (Merr. & Chun) B.M.Miao; Invest. Stud. Nat. 7: 18 (1987)
= Chionanthus parkinsonii (Hutch.) Bennet & Raizada; Indian J. Forest. 4(1): 68 (1981)
= Linociera brachythyrsa Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 20(3): 351-352 (1939)
= Linociera calcicola Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 129 (1938)
= Linociera leucoclada Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 5(1-3): 170-171 (1940)
= Linociera parkinsonii Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1919: 229 (1919)
species :
Chionanthus parviflorus
Cornejo, Lombardi & W.W.Thomas; Harvard Pap. Bot. 16(2): 421 (2011)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia, Espirito Santo)
84 BRA
species :
Chionanthus plumosus
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 27 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus plurifloroides
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 349 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus pluriflorus
(Knobl.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 384 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi
42 BOR BRN SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pluriflora Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 130 (1894)
= Linociera verruculosa Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 119 (1918)
species :
Chionanthus polycephalus
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 386 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus polygamus
(Roxb.) Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 350 (2002)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Pahang, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 BOR BRN LSI MLY MOL NWG SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus laxiflorus Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 319 (1851)
= Linociera laxiflora (Blume) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 610 (1882)
= Linociera oxycarpa Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 10 (1927)
= Linociera polygama (Roxb.) S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 217 (1913)
= Mayepea laxiflora (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus porcatus
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 387 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus proctorii
Stearn; Bot. Not. 132(1): 59 (1979)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Conservation Status: IUCN CR
species :
Chionanthus pubescens
Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 235 (1819)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca, Nariño); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pubescens (Kunth) Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(1): 308 (1868)
species :
Chionanthus pubicalyx
(Ridl.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 44(1): 156 (1981)
Distribution: Borneo (Gaya Isl.)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pubicalyx Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 122 (1934)
species :
Chionanthus purpureus
Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 30 (1791)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera odorata Jack; Malayan Misc. 2(7): 96 (1822)
= Linociera purpurea (Lam.) Vahl; Enum. Pl. [Vahl] 1: 47 (1804)
= Mayepea odorata (Jack) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 711 (1891)
= Mayepea zeylanica Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891), nom. illeg.
= Thouinia nutans L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 89 (1782)
species :
Chionanthus pygmaeus
Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 384 (1924)
Name: Pygmy fringetree
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
species :
Chionanthus pyriformis
Kiew; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44(2): 126 (2016)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Chionanthus racemosus
(Merr.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 116 (1906)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus racemosus (Merr.) Kiew & Pelser; Blumea 66(1): 99 (2021), isonym
= Mayepea racemosa Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35: 58 (1906)
species :
Chionanthus ramiflorus
Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 106-107 (1820)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Kerala, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobar Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Sagaing, Taninthayi, Mandalay); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (throughout); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Queensland)
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND CBD MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM 43 SOL 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus effusiflorus F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 4: 83 (1864)
= Chionanthus intermedius (Wight) F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 3: 140 (1863)
= Chionanthus macrophyllus (Wall. ex G.Don) Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 317 (1851)
= Chionanthus macrophyllus var. attenuatus (C.B.Clarke) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 331 (1981)
= Chionanthus palembanicus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 558 (1861)
= Chionanthus paniculatus (Roxb.) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 331 (1981), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus paniculatus var. roxburghii (Spreng.) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 331 (1981), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus pauciflorus (Wall. ex G.Don) Bennet & Raizada; Indian J. Forest. 4: 68 (1981)
= Chionanthus pauciflorus var. evolutior (C.B.Clarke) K.K.N.Nair & K.P.Janardh.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 332 (1981)
= Chionanthus pauciflorus var. palembanicus (Miq.) Bennet & Raizada; Indian J. Forest. 4: 68 (1981)
= Chionanthus picrophloius F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 3: 139 (1863)
= Chionanthus ramiflorus var. grandiflorus B.M.Miao; Invest. Stud. Nat. 7: 17 (1987)
= Chionanthus ramiflorus var. palembanicus (Miq.) P.Daniel; Indian J. Forest. 5: 327 (1982)
= Chionanthus ramiflorus var. palembanicus (Miq.) Panigrahi; Proc. 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982), isonym
= Chionanthus ramiflorus var. peninsularis K.Ravik. & Lakshm.; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 31: 163 (1989 publ. 1992)
= Chionanthus roxburghii (Spreng.) S.K.Srivast. & S.L.Kapoor; Geophytology 11: 262 (1981), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus roxburghii var. intermedius (Wight) S.K.Srivast. & S.L.Kapoor; Geophytology 11: 262 (1981)
= Chionanthus tenuiflorus Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 298 (1844), pro syn.
= Linociera cumingiana S.Vidal; Phan. Cuming. Philipp. 185 (1885)
= Linociera effusiflora F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 4: 83 (1864)
= Linociera intermedia var. roxburghii (Spreng.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
= Linociera intermedia Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 4: t. 1234 (1848)
= Linociera macrophylla var. attenuata (Wall. & G.Don) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
= Linociera macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 53 (1837)
= Linociera oblonga Wall. & G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 53 (1837)
= Linociera pauciflora (Wall. ex G.Don) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
= Linociera pauciflora var. evolutior C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
= Linociera pauciflora var. palembanica (Miq.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 609 (1882)
= Linociera picrophloia (F.Muell.) F.M.Bailey; Syn. Queensl. Fl. 302 (1883)
= Linociera ramiflora (Roxb.) Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2824 (1831), nomen
= Linociera ramiflora (Roxb.) Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 52 (1837)
= Linociera ramiflora f. pubisepala L.C.Chia; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3: 352 (1955)
= Linociera ramiflora var. grandiflora (B.M.Miao) B.M.Miao; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 118, t. 31: 4-5 (1992)
= Mayepea cumingiana (S.Vidal) Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 6: 11 (1904)
= Mayepea intermedia (Wight) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Mayepea palembanica (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 711 (1891)
= Mayepea pauciflora (Wall. ex G.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 412 (1891)
= Mayepea picrophloia (F.Muell.) F.Muell.; Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 92 (1883)
= Mayepea ramiflora (Roxb.) F.Muell.; Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 92 (1883)
= Olea attenuata Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 48 (1837)
= Olea floribunda Benth.; London J. Bot. 2: 225 (1843)
= Olea paniculata Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 80 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 104 (1820), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 105 (1832)
= Olea pauciflora Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 49 (1837)
= Olea roxburghiana Schult.; Mant. 1 [Schultes]: 77 (1822)
= Olea roxburghii Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. [Sprengel] 3: 78 (1822)
= Phillyrea ramiflora Roxb. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 611 (1882)
species :
Chionanthus remotinervius
(Merr.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 474 (1998)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera remotinervia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 324 (1918)
species :
Chionanthus retusus
Lindl. & Paxton; Paxton´s Fl. Gard. 3: 85 (1852)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); South Korea; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 KOR TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus chinensis Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 20: 430 (1875)
= Chionanthus coreanus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 280 (1910)
= Chionanthus duclouxii Hickel; Bull. Soc. Dendrol. France 1914: 72 (1914)
= Chionanthus retusus f. coreanus (H.Lév.) M.Kim; Korean Endemic Pl. 555 (2017)
= Chionanthus retusus var. coreanus (H.Lév.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 32: 115 (1918)
= Chionanthus retusus var. fauriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 297 (1912)
= Chionanthus retusus var. mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 175 (1914)
= Chionanthus retusus var. serrulatus (Hayata) Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 5 (1925)
= Chionanthus serrulatus Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 150 (1913)
= Linociera chinensis Fisch. ex Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 474 (1859)
species :
Chionanthus riparius
(Lingelsh.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 474 (1998)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera riparia Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 12 (1927)
species :
Chionanthus robinsonii
(Gagnep.) B.H.Quang; Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 21: 197 (2014)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus verticillatus (Gagnep.) Soejarto & P.K.Lôc; Seed Pl. Cuc Phuong National Park 436 (2004)
= Linociera robinsonii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 787 (1933)
= Linociera verticillata Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 788 (1933)
species :
Chionanthus rostratus
(Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 553 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera rostrata Teijsm. & Binn.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 3: 404 (1855)
species :
Chionanthus rugosus
Kiew; Malaysian Forester 43(3): 389 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus rupicolus
(Lingelsh.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 475 (1998)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 LSI MOL NWG SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera novoguineensis Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 9 (1927)
= Linociera ovalis Knobl.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 1029 (1934)
= Linociera ramiflora var. coriacea Lingelsh.; Nova Guinea 14: 329 (1927)
= Linociera rupicola Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 9 (1927)
species :
Chionanthus sabahensis
Kiew; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 4: 350 (2002)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Chionanthus salicifolius
(Lingelsh.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 476 (1998)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera salicifolia Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 12 (1927)
species :
Chionanthus sepikensis
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 29 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus sessiliflorus
(Hemsl.) Fosberg; Micronesica 25(2): 197 (1992)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Palau (Babeldaob)
42 NWG 43 SOL 62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pallida K.Schum. & Lauterb.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 1029 (1934)
= Linociera papuasica Lingelsh.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 14 (1927)
= Linociera sessiliflora Hemsl.; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 504 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus sleumeri
(C.T.White) Stearn; Kew Bull. 50(4): 817 (1995)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera coriacea C.T.White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 47: 69 (1935 publ. 1936)
= Linociera sleumeri C.T.White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 50: 82 (1938 publ. 1939)
species :
Chionanthus sordidus
Kiew; Reinwardtia 14(2): 292 (2015)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Chionanthus spicatus
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 318 (1851)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera spicata (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Mayepea spicata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus spicifer
(Ridl.) Kiew; Malaysian Forester 42(3): 275 (1979)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (only known from type, Rawang F. R., Selangor)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera spicifera Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 79: 94 (1918)
species :
Chionanthus stenurus
(Merr.) Kiew; Blumea 43(2): 477 (1998)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera stenura Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 35: 151 (1954)
species :
Chionanthus subcapitatus
(Merr.) B.H.Quang; Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 21: 197 (2014)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera subcapitata Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 23: 189 (1942)
species :
Chionanthus suberosus
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 32 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus subsessilis
(Eichler) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 272 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera subsessilis Eichler; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 3, 1: 198 (1870)
species :
Chionanthus sulawesicus
Kiew; Reinwardtia 14(2): 294 (2015)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Chionanthus sumatranus
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 318 (1851)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl.); Sumatra
41 AND 42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera sumatrana (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
species :
Chionanthus sutepensis
(Kerr) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 769 (1996)
Distribution: N-Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera sutepensis Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 131 (1938)
species :
Chionanthus tenuis
P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 277 (1994)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Chionanthus thorelii
(Gagnep.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 769 (1996)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera procera Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 131 (1938)
= Linociera thorelii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 79: 788 (1932 publ. 1933)
species :
Chionanthus timorensis
Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 318 (1851)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor)
42 LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera timorensis (Blume) Knobl.; Bot. Centralbl. 61: 87 (1895)
= Mayepea timorensis (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
species :
Chionanthus trichotomus
(Vell.) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 49(2): 266 (1994)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay); Argentina (Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera arborea Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(4): 308 (1885)
= Linociera glaziovii Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(Beibl. 60): 35 (1898)
= Linociera glaziovii var. lanceolata Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(Beibl. 60): 35 (1898)
= Linociera glomerata Pohl; Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 2: 98 (1831)
= Mayepea arborea (Eichler) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
= Mayepea pohliana Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 411 (1891)
= Minutia trichotoma Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 1: 19, t. 47 (1825 publ. 1829)
species :
Chionanthus urbanii
(Knobl.) Stearn; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 357 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera pubescens Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 22A(8): 87 (1929)
= Linociera urbanii Knobl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 33: 178 (1933)
species :
Chionanthus vargasii
Fern.Alonso & Cogollo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 74(1)e050: 7 (2017)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Chionanthus velutinus
(Kerr) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 51(4): 770 (1996)
Distribution: E-Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera velutina Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 132 (1938)
species :
Chionanthus verruculatus
D.Fang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 39(6): 550 (2001)
Distribution: China (Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Chionanthus virginicus
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 8 (1753)
Name: White fringetree
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus angustifolius Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 3: 88 (1838)
= Chionanthus cotinifolius Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 47 (1797)
= Chionanthus fragrans Edwards ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 351 (1841)
= Chionanthus heterophylus Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 3: 87 (1838)
= Chionanthus latifolius Aiton ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 350 (1841), nomen
= Chionanthus longifolius Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 3: 88 (1838)
= Chionanthus luteus Lavallée; Énum. Arbres 173 (1877)
= Chionanthus maritimus (Pursh) Prince; Short Treat. Hort. 92 (1828)
= Chionanthus montanus (Pursh) Prince; Short Treat. Hort. 92 (1828), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus montanus (Pursh) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 3: 87 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Chionanthus obovatus Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 3: 87 (1838)
= Chionanthus roseus Barton; Fl. Virgin. [Barton] 2 (1812)
= Chionanthus trifidus Moench; Methodus [Moench] 478 (1794)
= Chionanthus triflorus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 19 (1812)
= Chionanthus vernalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 14 (1796)
= Chionanthus vernus Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 1: 295 (1869)
= Chionanthus virginicus subsp. maritimus (Pursh) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 19 (1982)
= Chionanthus virginicus var. angustifolius Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 1: 14 (1789)
= Chionanthus virginicus var. latifolius Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 1: 14 (1789)
= Chionanthus virginicus var. maritimus Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 8 (1813)
= Chionanthus virginicus var. montanus Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 8 (1813)
= Ligustrum cotinifolium (Willd.) Jacques; Man. Gén. Pl. 3: 3 (1857)
= Linociera cotinifolia (Willd.) Vahl; Enum. Pl. [Vahl] 1: 46 (1804)
species :
Chionanthus vitiensis
(Seem.) A.C.Sm.; Fl. Vit. Nova 4: 139 (1988)
Distribution: Rotuma Isl.; Tonga (´Eua); Niue; Fiji; [Western] Samoa (Savai´i, ´Upolu); American Samoa (Tutuila, Ofu)
60 ASA FIJ NUE ROT SAM TON
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera gillespiei A.C.Sm.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70: 548 (1943)
= Linociera vitiensis (Seem.) A.C.Sm.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70: 549 (1943)
= Olea vitiensis Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 155 (1866)
species :
Chionanthus womersleyi
Kiew; Kew Bull. 80: 35 (2025)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Chionanthus wurdackii
B.Ståhl; Fl. Ecuador 43(155-156): 53 (1991)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Chionanthus zeylanicus
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 8 (1753)
Distribution: S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chionanthus dichotomus Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 3 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 107 (1820), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 108 (1832)
= Chionanthus zeylanica var. dichotoma (Wall. ex DC.) Bahadur & R.C.Gaur; Indian J. Forest. 4(1): 77 (1981)
= Chionanthus zeylanica var. dichotomus (Roxb.) Panigrahi; Proc. 69th Session Indian Sci. Congr., Mysore 3: 120 (1982)
= Linociera dichotoma (Roxb.) Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 297 (1844)
= Linociera purpurea var. dichotoma Wall. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 608 (1882)
= Linociera zeylanica (L.) Gamble; Fl. Madras 794 (1923)
species :
Chionanthus zollingerianus
Koord. & Valeton; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 59: 245 (1902)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Linociera zollingeriana (Koord. & Valeton) Koord.; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 3: 50 (1912)
