511.0000
Family
Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 1: 245 (1805), nom. cons.
35 genera, ca. 900 spp. The circumscription of the family has been greatly reduced, and much of it is now transferred into Lamiaceae.
Species listed in database: 878; hybrids: 36
= Durantaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 295 (1858)
= Lantanaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 357 (1820)
= Petreaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 364 (1858)
511.0401
Genus
Citharexylum B.Juss.; L., Sp. Pl.: 625 (1753)
Distribution: Tropical America from S-USA to Argentina and Uruguay, Bermuda Isl., West Indies
Species listed in database: 78; hybrids: 2
= Baillonia Bocq.; Adansonia 2: 251 (1862)
species :
Citharexylum affine
D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum affine var. glanduliferum Moldenke; Geogr. Distr. Avicenn. 13 (1939)
= Citharexylum emrickianum Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 187 (1907)
= Citharexylum jurgensenii Briq.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 342 (1896)
= Citharexylum pterocladum Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 33: 255 (1902)
= Citharexylum quadrangulare Moc. & Sessé; La Naturaleza, ser. 2, 1: 103 (1889), nom. illeg.
species :
Citharexylum alainii
Moldenke; Phytologia 18: 70 (1969)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
species :
Citharexylum altamiranum
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 259 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum amabile
(Bocq. ex Baill.) Christenh. & Byng; The Global Flora, Special edition, part 1(4): 146 (2018)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Concepcion, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Formosa)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Baillonia amabilis Bocq. ex Baill.; Adansonia 2: 252 (1861 publ. 1862)
= Baillonia amabilis var. heterophylla Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 250 (1898)
= Baillonia amabilis var. longifolia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 250 (1891)
= Baillonia amabilis var. pubescens Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 50 (1941)
= Baillonia spicata Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 880 (1890)
= Citharexylum linearifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 97 (1934)
= Ligustrum multiflorum Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris. 2: 880 (1890)
= Stachytarpheta amabilis (Bocq.) Ravenna; Onira 11(22): 59 (2008)
= Stachytarpheta fiebrigii Moldenke; Phytologia 7: 258 (1960)
species :
Citharexylum andinum
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 217 (1934)
Distribution: Peru (Apurimac); Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosí, Santa Cruz); Argentina (Jujuy)
83 BOL PER 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum andinum var. beckii Moldenke; Phytologia 50(1): 12 (1981)
= Citharexylum iltisii Moldenke; Phytologia 18: 70 (1969)
species :
Citharexylum berlandieri
S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 174 (1891)
Name: Berlandier´s fiddlewood
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum bourgeauianum
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 185 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum ambiguum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 216 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum brachyanthum
(A.Gray ex Hemsl.) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. North America., ed. 2, 2: 1. 458 (1886)
Name: Boxthorn fiddlewood
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum brachyanthum var. glabrum C.L.Hitchc. & Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 218 (1934)
= Citharexylum spathulatum Moldenke & Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 8: 82 (1942)
= Lycium brachyanthum A.Gray ex Hemsl.
species :
Citharexylum broadwayi
O.E.Schulz; Urb., Symb. Antill. 7: 354 (1912)
Distribution: Trinidad; Venezuela
81 TRT 82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum spinosum f. brittonii (Moldenke) I.E.Méndez; Willdenowia 31(2): 422 (2001)
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. brittonii Moldenke; Lilloa 4: 311 (1939)
species :
Citharexylum calvum
Moldenke; Phytologia 55(1): 41 (1984)
Distribution: Mexico (Quintana Roo)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum caudatum
L.; Sp. Pl. ed. II. 872 (1763)
Name: Higoerillo, Pendula de sierra
Distribution: Guam [I]; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], E-Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Mexico (Chiapas, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas (Andros, Eleuthera); Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud); Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico; Martinique; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Nariño, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Peru (Junin)
62 gum 63 haw 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BAH CUB HIS JAM MAR PUE 82 CLM SWC 83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum album Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 2 (1768)
= Citharexylum berteroi Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 763 (1825)
= Citharexylum caudatum f. angustifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 38(5): 384 (1978)
= Citharexylum caudatum f. lindenii (Turcz.) I.E.Méndez; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. 7(3): 109 (2003)
= Citharexylum caudatum f. parvifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 38(5): 384 (1978)
= Citharexylum erectum Sw.; Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 91 (1788)
= Citharexylum lindenii Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(II): 208 (1863)
= Citharexylum mucronatum Fourn. & Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 232 (1934)
= Citharexylum ternatum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 236 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum cooperi
Standl.; Tropical Woods, No. 10, 50 (1927)
Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS GUA HON PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum viride Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 238 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum costaricense
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 219 (1934)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan); Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum standleyi Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 234 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum crassifolium
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 186 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Quintana Roo); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
species :
Citharexylum danirae
León de la Luz & F.Chiang; Sida 21(2): 548 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum decorum
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 221 (1934)
Distribution: Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Sucre, Trujillo, Yaracuy)
82 VEN
species :
Citharexylum dentatum
D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 237 (1831)
Distribution: Peru (Cuzco, Puno, Ancash, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Junin, Lima, Puno); Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz)
83 BOL PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum argutedentatum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 218 (1934)
= Citharexylum pachyphyllum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 232 (1934)
= Citharexylum punctatum Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 189 (1907)
= Rauvolfia dentata Tafalla ex D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1831(Jan.-March): 237 (1831), pro syn.
variant :
var. canescens
(Moldenke) N.O´Leary; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 106(1): 186 (2021)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum pachyphyllum var. canescens Moldenke; Phytologia 14: 216 (1967)
species :
Citharexylum discolor
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36: (1863) II. 209
Distribution: Cuba; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum glandulosum Urb. & Ekman; Arkiv Bot., Stockh. 22: A. No. 17, 107 (1929)
species :
Citharexylum donnell-smithii
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 186 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum donnell-smithii var. pubescens Moldenke; Phytologia 55(1): 41 (1984)
= Citharexylum ghiesbreghtii Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 413 (1940)
= Citharexylum integerrimum (Kuntze) Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 17 (1933)
= Citharexylum recurvatum Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 189 (1907)
= Citharexylum villosum var. integerrimum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 504 (1891)
species :
Citharexylum ekmanii
Moldenke; Caribbean Forester 2: 13 (1940)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Citharexylum ellipticum
Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831)
Name: Citarrexilon, Verbenato (Cuba)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz, Sacrificios Isl.); Cuba [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]
79 MEX 81 cay cub
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum lucidum D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1831(Jan.-March): 238 (1831), nom. illeg., non Cham. & Schltdl.
= Citharexylum scariosum Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831)
species :
Citharexylum endlichii
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 222 (1934)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum flabellifolium
S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. 24: 67 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum flexuosum
(Ruiz & Pav.) D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 237 (1831)
Distribution: Fiji [I]; Peru (Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huanuco, La Libertad, Lima)
60 fij 83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum flexuosum var. subglabrum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 222 (1934)
= Citharexylum kobuskianum Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 441 (1940)
= Citharexylum retusum D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1831(Jan.-March): 237 (1831)
= Citharexylum spinosum (Cav.) Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 2: 256 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Colletia tetragona Brongn.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. I. 10: 366 (1827) (Rhamnaceae)
= Duranta buxifolia Willd. ex Schauer; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 610 (1847), nom. inval.
= Rauvolfia flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 2: 16 (1798)
= Rauvolfia macrophylla Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 2: 16 (1799)
= Rauvolfia spinosa Cav.; Icon. 6: 16 (1800)
= Scypharia tetragona (Brongn.) Miers; Ann. & Mag. Nat Hist. Ser. III. 6: 12 (1860) (Rhamnaceae)
species :
Citharexylum fulgidum
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 223 (1934)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum glabrum
(S.Watson) Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 32: 300 (1896)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum guatemalense
(Moldenke) D.N.Gibson; Fieldiana, Bot. 32: 176 (1970)
Distribution: Guatemala; Nicaragua
80 GUA NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum hirtellum var. guatemalense Moldenke; Phytologia 17: 113 (1968)
species :
Citharexylum herrerae
Mansf.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 469 (1925)
Distribution: Peru (Apurimac, Cuzco); Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL PER
species :
Citharexylum hexangulare
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 187 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum affine M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 328 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Citharexylum hexangulare f. parvifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 55(1): 42 (1984)
= Citharexylum hexangulare var. brevifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 40(1): 54 (1978)
= Citharexylum hexangulare var. latifolium Moldenke; Phytologia 40(1): 54 (1978)
species :
Citharexylum hidalgense
Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 414 (1940)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum hintonii
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 226 (1934)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Mexico State, Morelos)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum hirtellum
Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 4: 257 (1929)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Panama
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum standleyi var. mexicanum Moldenke; Phytologia 4: 43 (1952)
species :
Citharexylum ilicifolium
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 256 (1818)
Distribution: Ecuador (Azuay, Canar, Chimborazo, Pichincha, Tunguragua); Peru (Lima, Cajamarca, La Libertad)
83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum quercifolium Hayek; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 169 (1908)
= Duranta ilicifolia Willd. ex Schauer; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 609 (1847)
species :
Citharexylum joergensenii
(Lillo) Moldenke; Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 6: 178 (1940)
Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz); Argentina (Catamarca, Salta, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Duranta joergensenii Lillo; Prim. Reun. Nac. Soc. Argentina. Cien. Nat. Tuctimdn, 1916 224 (1919)
species :
Citharexylum karstenii
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 227 (1934)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Tolima); Venezuela (Merida, Tachira)
82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum dawei Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 220 (1934)
= Citharexylum karstenii var. lanceolatum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 227 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum kerberi
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 188 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum kunthianum
Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 51 (1941)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Huila, Nariño, Valle)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum tomentosum Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 258 (1818)
species :
Citharexylum laurifolium
Hayek; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 170 (1908)
Distribution: Peru (Junin, Puno, Apurimac); Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum suberosum Loes. ex Moldenke; Phytologia 7: 49 (1959)
species :
Citharexylum ligustrifolium
(Thur. ex Decne.) Van Houtte; Nursery Cat. (Louis van Houtte) 1887: 53 (1887)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Puebla, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Remarks: in Checklist of Mexico as ´C. ligustrinum´
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum bessonianum Tod. ex Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 146 (1924), pro syn.
= Citharexylum pringlei Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 41: 234 (1905)
= Citharexylum spicatum (Jacques) Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 146 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Lippia ligustrifolia Thur. ex Decne.; Fl. Serres Jard. Paris, sér. 2, 12: 11 (1877)
species :
Citharexylum lucidum
Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 5: 97 (1830)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Coahuila, etc.)
79 MEX
Remarks: status uncertain, not in Checklist of Mexico
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum chamissonis Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 4: 75 (1845), nom. superfl.
species :
Citharexylum lycioides
D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 287 (1831)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum pauciflorum Brandegee; Zoe 5: 236 (1907)
species :
Citharexylum macradenium
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 188 (1907)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
species :
Citharexylum macrochlamys
Pittier; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 18: 254 (1917)
Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Nariño); Venezuela (Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador (Napo); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre, Rondônia)
80 PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum amazonicum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 216 (1934)
= Citharexylum grandiflorum Aymard & Rueda; Novon 7(2): 95 (1997)
= Citharexylum macranthum Pittier; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 18: 169 (1916), non Hayek (1908)
= Citharexylum poeppigii var. calvescens Moldenke; Phytologia 8: 549 (1963)
= Citharexylum subtruncatum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 234 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum matheanum
Borhidi & Kereszty; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 27(3-4): 317 (1981)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Citharexylum matudae
Moldenke; Phytologia 9: 98 (1963)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum mexicanum
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 229 (1934)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum gleasonianum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 225 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum microphyllum
(DC.) O.E.Schulz; Urb. Symb. Antill. 6: 9 (1909)
Name: Mala mujer (Dominican Republic), Gati-galle (Haiti)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Myginda microphylla DC.; Prodr. 2: 12 (1825)
species :
Citharexylum mocinoi
D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum lankesteri Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 229 (1934)
= Citharexylum mocinoi f. williamsii Moldenke; Phytologia 38(5): 384 (1978)
= Citharexylum mocinoi var. longibracteolatum Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 415 (1940)
= Citharexylum rugendasii Cham.; Linnaea 7: 120 (1832)
= Citharexylum rugendasii var. endlichii Loes.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 367 (1911)
= Citharexylum tomentosum Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831) non Kunth 1818
species :
Citharexylum montanum
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 231 (1934)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Valle); Ecuador (Imbabura, Napo, Pastaza, Chimborazo, Napo, Los Rios)
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum bullatum Moldenke; Phytologia 27(4): 289 (1973)
= Citharexylum rimbachii Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 443 (1940)
= Citharexylum vallense Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 15 (1941)
species :
Citharexylum montevidense
(Spreng.) Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 17 (1933)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Canindeyu, Misiones, Paraguari); Uruguay (Maldonado, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Tucuman)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ehretia montevidensis Spreng.; (Boraginaceae)
= Citharexylum barbinerve Cham.; Linnaea 7: 116 (1832)
species :
Citharexylum myrianthum
Cham.; Linnaea 7: 117 (1832)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Cordillera, Misiones, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum cinereum Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 764, partim (1825)
= Citharexylum glaziovii Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 224 (1934)
= Citharexylum laetum Hiern; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1877 104 (1878)
= Citharexylum macranthum Hayek; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 170 (1908)
= Citharexylum myrianthum var. acuminatum Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 317 (1904)
= Citharexylum myrianthum var. bahiense Moldenke; Phytologia 53(5): 367 (1983)
= Citharexylum myrianthum var. rigidum Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 317 (1904)
= Citharexylum pernambucense Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 442 (1940)
= Citharexylum rigidum (Briq.) Moldenke; Phytologia 1(1): 17 (1933)
= Citharexylum scabrum Willd. ex Cham.; Linnaea 7: 117 (1832)
species :
Citharexylum obtusifolium
Kuhlm.; Archiv. Inst. Biol. Veg., Rio de Janeiro 3: 48 (1936)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo)
84 BRA
species :
Citharexylum oleinum
(Benth. ex Lindl.) Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 248 (1937)
Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Scleroon oleinum Lindl.; Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. 65
= Petitia oleina Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 539 (1882)
= Citharexylum grenzebachianum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 226 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum ovatifolium
Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 32: 301 (1896)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum peruvianum
N.O´Leary & Frost; Syst. Bot. 43(4): 1046 (2018)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Citharexylum poeppigii
Walp.; Rep. 4: 76 (1845)
Distribution: Colombia (Casanare, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Meta, Putumayo, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Tachira); Ecuador (Los Rios, Napo, Oriente, Esmeraldas, Loja, Los Rios, Napo, Oriente, Pastaza); Peru (Loreto, San Martin, Amazonas); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum dryanderae Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 13 (1941)
= Citharexylum krukovii Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 228 (1934)
= Citharexylum poeppigii var. margaritaceum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 233 (1934)
variant :
var. anomalum
(Moldenke) N.O´Leary; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 106(1): 210 (2021)
Distribution: Venezuela
82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum poeppigii f. anomalum Moldenke; Phytologia 8: 549 (1963)
species :
Citharexylum quitense
Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 2: 763 (1825)
Distribution: Ecuador (El Oro, Guayas, Manabi); Peru (Tumbes)
83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum chartaceum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 219 (1934)
= Citharexylum molle Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 257 (1818)
= Rauvolfia pubescens Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 4: 805 (1819)
species :
Citharexylum racemosum
Sessé & Moc.; Pl. N. Hispan. ed. 1, 103 1887 (1890) (La Noturaleza, Ser. II. 1: App.), ed. 2,96, Sessé & Moc. Fl. Mexico. ed. 2, 152 (1894)
Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum reticulatum
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 257 (1818)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Cauca, Magdalena, Santander); Venezuela (Guarico, Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador (Loja); Peru (Lima); Bolivia (Beni, La Paz)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum mirifolium Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 230 (1934)
= Citharexylum sulcatum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 235 (1934)
= Citharexylum sulcatum var. hirtellum Moldenke; Phytologia. 22(1): 6 (1971)
species :
Citharexylum rosei
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 260 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum rosei var. durangensis Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 14 (1941)
= Citharexylum rosei var. pilosum Moldenke; Phytologia 8: 14 (1961)
species :
Citharexylum roxanae
Moldenke; Phytologia 7: 429 (1961)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum scabrum
Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh N. Phil. J. 238 (1831)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum cinaloanum B.L.Rob.; Bot. Gaz. 16: 342 (1891)
= Citharexylum incanum Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1831(Jan.-March): 238 (1831)
species :
Citharexylum schottii
Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 190 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Yucatan); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum schottii var. pubescens Moldenke; Phytologia 25: 368 (1973)
species :
Citharexylum schulzii
Urb. & Ekman; Arkiv Bot., Stockh. 22: A. No. 17, 108 (1929)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 HIS
species :
Citharexylum shrevei
Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 415 (1940)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum solanaceum
Cham.; Linnaea vil. 119 (1832)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum solanaceum var. insolitum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 233 (1934)
= Citharexylum solanaceum var. macrocalyx Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 234 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum spinosum
L.; Sp. Pl. 625 (1753)
Name: Bálsamo, Palo de guitarra, Pendula; Old woman´s bitter; Bois Cotelette, Cutlet, Fiddle Tree, Fiddlewood, Hairy Cutlet, White Fiddlewood (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Senegal [I]; D.R.Congo (Zaire [I]); Pakistan [I] (Lahore [I]); India [I] (Indian Punjab [I], Indore [I], Karnataka [I], Kerala [I], Gujarat [I], Maharashtra [I], Union Territory [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Hawaii [I] (E-Maui [I], Oahu [I]); USA (Florida); Bermuda; Panama; Bahamas (Abaco, Cat, New Providence, Watling, Acklin, Crooked, Elbow, Great Inagua, Inagua, Mariguana, North Andros, San Salvador, South Andros, Walkers); Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl. (Cayman Brac, Grand Cayman, Little Cayman); Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico (incl. Caja de Muertos Isl., Desecheo Isl., Vieques Isl.); Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Guana, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Barbuda; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Curacao; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Nueva Esparta, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana
22 sen 40 ind pak srl 41 vie 42 phi 63 haw 78 USA 80 PAN 81 ABA AGU BAH BBD BER CAY CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB SBA STE STK STL STM STV TCI TRT VIR 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum albicaule Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36: (1863) II. 208
= Citharexylum bahamense Millsp.; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 450 (1905)
= Citharexylum caudatum Sw.; Observ. Bot.: 234 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Citharexylum cinereum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2.: 872 (1763), nom. superfl.
= Citharexylum cinereum Moc. & Sessé ex D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1831(Jan.-March): 238 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Citharexylum coriaceum Desf.; Cat. Hort. Par. ed. III. 392 (1829)
= Citharexylum fruticosum f. bahamense (Millsp. ex Britton) Moldenke; Phytologia 13: 242 (1966)
= Citharexylum fruticosum f. subserratum (Sw.) Moldenke; Phytologia 36: 164 (1977)
= Citharexylum fruticosum f. subvillosum (Moldenke) Moldenke; Phytologia 36: 164 (1977)
= Citharexylum fruticosum L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1115 (1759), nom. superfl.
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. smallii Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 223 (1934)
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. subserratum (Sw.) Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 17 (1933)
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. subvillosum (Moldenke) Moldenke; Phytologia 36(3): 164 (1977)
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. subvillosum Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 223 (1934)
= Citharexylum fruticosum var. villosum (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz; I. Urb., Symb. Antill. 6: 63 (1909)
= Citharexylum hybridum Moldenke; Lilloa 4: 313 (1939)
= Citharexylum laevigatum Hostm. ex Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 497 (1862)
= Citharexylum macrophyllum Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 367 (1811)
= Citharexylum molle Jacq. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16, 2: 764 (1825)
= Citharexylum molle Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 108 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Citharexylum pentandrum Vent.; Jard. Cels, t. 47 (1800)
= Citharexylum polystachyum Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(2): 209 (1863)
= Citharexylum pulverulentum Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2(1): 142 (1806)
= Citharexylum quadrangulare Jacq.; Enum. Pl. Carib. 26 (1760)
= Citharexylum spinosum f. smallii (Moldenke) I.E.Méndez; Willdenowia 31(2): 421 (2001)
= Citharexylum spinosum f. subserratum (Sw.) I.E.Méndez; Willdenowia 31(2): 421 (2001)
= Citharexylum spinosum f. subvillosum (Moldenke) I.E.Méndez; Willdenowia 31(2): 422 (2001)
= Citharexylum spinosum f. villosum (Jacq.) I.E.Méndez; Willdenowia 31(2): 422 (2001), et Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 7(3): 106 (2003)
= Citharexylum subserratum Sw.; Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 91 (1788)
= Citharexylum surrectum Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. 497 (1862)
= Citharexylum teres Jacq.; Enum. Pl. Carib. 46 (1760)
= Citharexylum tomentosum Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 368 (1811)
= Citharexylum tomentosum var. molle Regel; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1856: 27 (1856)
= Citharexylum villosum f. angustifolium Griseb.; Syst. Veg. Karaiben 108 (1857)
= Citharexylum villosum f. pentandrum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 256 (1857)
= Citharexylum villosum Jacq.; Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: 12 (1784)
species :
Citharexylum stenophyllum
Urb. & Ekman; Arkiv Bot., Stockh. 22: A. No. 17, 106 (1929)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 HIS
species :
Citharexylum steyermarkii
Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 14(1941)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
species :
Citharexylum subflavescens
S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 35: 122 (1922)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca, Quindío, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Miranda, Tachira, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru (Amazonas)
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum montanum var. chimborazense Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 231 (1934)
species :
Citharexylum subthyrsoideum
Pittier; Contrib. Fl. Venezuela 42 (1923)
Distribution: Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Miranda)
82 VEN
species :
Citharexylum svensonii
Moldenke; Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. & Avicenniac. 76 (1942)
Distribution: Ecuador (Guayas, Los Rios, Loja, Napo)
83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum gentryi Moldenke; Phytologia 35(4): 276 (1977)
= Citharexylum lojense Moldenke; Phytologia 34(3): 245 (1976)
species :
Citharexylum teclense
Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 8: 39 (1930)
Distribution: El Salvador
80 ELS
species :
Citharexylum tetramerum
Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 3: 390 (1909)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
species :
Citharexylum tristachyum
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosr. 36: (1863) II. 209
Name: Threespike fiddlewood
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica
81 CUB JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum tristachyum f. urbani (O.E.Schulz) Moldenke; Phytologia 31(1): 25 (1975)
= Citharexylum urbani O.E.Schulz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 5: 193 (1908)
species :
Citharexylum ulei
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 237 (1934)
Distribution: Peru (Cuzco); N-Brazil (Acre)
83 PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum ulei var. calvescens Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 363 (1947)
= Citharexylum ulei var. obovatum Moldenke; Phytologia 33(2): 129 (1976)
species :
Citharexylum venezuelense
Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 237 (1934)
Distribution: Venezuela (Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Merida, Portuguesa, Tachira)
82 VEN
species :
Citharexylum weberbaueri
Hayek; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 169 (1908)
Distribution: Peru (Huanuco, La Libertad, Cajamarca)
83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum flexuosum var. glaberrimum Moldenke; Phytologia 23: 180 (1972)
= Citharexylum megacanthum Rusby; Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 115 (1912)
= Citharexylum pachyphyllum var. pesquedense Moldenke; Phytologia 56: 144 (1984)
= Duranta cajamarcensis Moldenke; Phytologia 17: 344 (1968)
species :
Citharexylum ×jamaicense
Moldenke; Phytologia 6: 416 (1958)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Remarks: Citharexylum caudatum x spinosum
Synonyms: hidden
= Citharexylum ×perkinsii Moldenke; Phytologia 6: 496 (1959)
species :
Citharexylum ×leonis
Moldenke; Phytologia. 31(1): 25 (1975)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Remarks: Citharexylum caudatum x tristachyum
