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407.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 140-170 genera (circumscription still very much in flux), ca. 1700-1800 spp. Latest phylogeny: de Vos et al. (2025). There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1840; hybrids: 80
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Mammillariaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Nopaleaceae E.Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenreich [Petermann] 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
407.6858 Genus Coleocephalocereus Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. 1938(6): [22] (1938)
Distribution: E-Brazil
Species listed in database: 9
= Buiningia Buxb.; Kakteen [H.Krainz], Lfg. 46-47 (1971)
= Mariottia Guiggi; Iconogr. Cat. Cact. Cult. Hanbury 42 (2016)
species :
Coleocephalocereus aureus F.Ritter; Kakteen And. Sukk. 19: 158 (1968)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Buiningia brevicylindrica Buining; Kakteen [H.Krainz] 46-47: CIV. (1971)
= Buiningia brevicylindrica var. elongata Buining; Kakteen [H.Krainz] 46-47: CIV. (1971)
= Buiningia brevicylindrica var. longispina Buining; Kakteen [H.Krainz] 46-47: CIV. (1971)
= Coleocephalocereus aureus subsp. brevicylindricus (Buining) P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 42(4): centre page pull-out p. 60 (1991)
= Coleocephalocereus aureus subsp. elongatus (Buining) P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 42(4): centre page pull-out p. 60 (1991)
= Coleocephalocereus aureus var. longispinus (Buining) P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 42(4): centre page pull-out p. 60 (1991)
= Coleocephalocereus brevicylindricus (Buining) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 122 (1979)
= Coleocephalocereus brevicylindricus var. elongatus (Buining) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 122 (1979)
= Coleocephalocereus brevicylindricus var. longispinus (Buining) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 122 (1979)
= Coleocephalocereus elongatus (Buining) P.J.Braun; Bradleya 6: 92 (1988)
species :
Coleocephalocereus braunii Diers & Esteves; Kakteen And. Sukk. 36(2): 34 (1985)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
Remarks: status uncertain, possibly a syn. of C. buxbaumianus
species :
Coleocephalocereus buxbaumianus Buining; Succulenta (Netherlands) 53(2): 28 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. buxbaumianus
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
subspecies :
subsp. flavisetus (F.Ritter) N.P.Taylor & Zappi; Cactaceae Consensus Init. 3: 7 (1997)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coleocephalocereus flavisetus F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 127 (1979)
= Coleocephalocereus estevesii Diers; Kakteen And. Sukk. 29(9): 205 (1978)
species :
Coleocephalocereus decumbens F.Ritter; Kakteen And. Sukk. 19: 160 (1968)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coleocephalocereus fluminensis subsp. decumbens (F.Ritter) N.P.Taylor & Zappi; Cactaceae Consensus Init. 3: 7 (1997)
species :
Coleocephalocereus fluminensis (Miq.) Backeb.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. Pt. 2, 53 (1941 publ. 1942)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Austrocephalocereus fluminensis (Miq.) Buxb.; Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 44: 240 (1968), in adnot.
= Cephalocereus fluminensis (Miq.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 29 (1920)
= Cephalocereus melocactus K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(2): (1890) 215, et Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 3: 6a. 181 (1894)
= Cereus fluminensis Miq.; Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Neerl. 48 (1838)
= Cereus melocactus (K.Schum.) A.Berger; Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 16: 62 (1905)
= Cereus paulensis (Speg.) Werderm.; Neue Kakteen 80 (1931)
= Coleocephalocereus diersianus P.J.Braun & Esteves; Kakteen And. Sukk. 39(3): 53 (1988)
= Coleocephalocereus fluminensis subsp. paulensis (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74(2): 84 (1995)
= Coleocephalocereus fluminensis var. paulensis (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 42(8): centre page pull-out p. 130 (1991)
= Coleocephalocereus paulensis F.Ritter; Kakteen And. Sukk. 19: 161 (1968)
= Leocereus paulensis Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 116 (1925)
= Pilocereus vellozoi Lem.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 11: 427 (1862)
variant :
var. braamhaarii P.J.Braun; Kakteen And. Sukk. 33: 121 (1982)
Distribution: SE-Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coleocephalocereus fluminensis subsp. braamhaarii (P.J.Braun) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherlands) 74(2): 84 (1995)
species :
Coleocephalocereus goebelianus (Vaupel) Buining; Kakteen And. Sukk. 21: 202 (1970)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Remarks: probably in Pilosocereus fide Fantinati (2020)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus goebelianus Vaupel; Z. Sukkulentenk. 1: 58 (1923)
= Coleocephalocereus pachystele F.Ritter; Kakteen And. Sukk. 19: 157 (1968)
= Mariottia goebeliana (Vaupel) Guiggi; Iconogr. Cat. Cact. Cult. Hanbury 42 (2016)
= Micranthocereus goebelianus (Vaupel) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 34(121): 89 (2022)
species :
Coleocephalocereus pluricostatus Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen [H.Krainz] 46-47: CIVb (1971)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coleocephalocereus pluricostatus subsp. uebelmanniorum P.J.Braun & Esteves; Kakteen And. Sukk. 44(7): 152 (1993)
= Coleocephalocereus uebelmanniorum (P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun, Esteves & Hofacker; Kakteen And. Sukk. 58(8): 213 (2007)
species :
Coleocephalocereus purpureus (Buining & Brederoo) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 128 (1979)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Buiningia purpurea Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen And. Sukk. 24(6): 121 (1973)
species :
Coleocephalocereus superbus N.P.Taylor & Olsthoorn; Bradleya 42: 6 (2024)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life