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491.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14337; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
491.8408 Genus Cordiera A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5: 222, t. 20 (1830)
Distribution: Tropical America
Species listed in database: 25
species :
Cordiera bahiensis C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 123 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera carioca C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 125 (2017)
Distribution: +Brazil (+Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera concolor (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Canindeyu, Cordillera); Argentina (Misiones)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia concolor (Cham.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 388 (1889)
= Alibertia hassleriana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 173 (1904)
= Alibertia stricta Zahlbr.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 79 (1923 publ. 1924)
= Alibertia vaccinioides K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 389 (1889)
= Cordiera vaccinioides (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
= Cordiera vinosa (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
= Gardenia concolor (Cham.) D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 797 (1839)
= Gardeniola concolor Cham.; Linnaea 9: 247 (1834)
= Scepseothamnus gardenioloides Cham.; Linnaea 9: 249 (1834)
= Scepseothamnus vinosa Cham.; Linnaea 9: 249 (1834)
variant :
var. goyana C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Estad. Goiás e Tocantins 40: 215 (2010)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
variant :
var. rotunda (Cham.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 133 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia rotunda (Cham.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 390 (1889)
= Gardenia rotunda D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 797 (1839)
= Gardenia vinosa D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 797 (1839)
= Scepseothamnus rotunda Cham.; Linnaea 9: 250 (1834)
species :
Cordiera coriacea C.H.Perss., Delprete & Popovkin; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 134 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera elliptica (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia elliptica (Cham.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 389 (1889)
= Thieleodoxa elliptica Cham.; Linnaea 9: 252 (1834)
species :
Cordiera garapatica (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Bolivar, Cesar, Magdalena)
80 COS PAN 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia garapatica K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 384 (1889)
= Garapatica edulis H.Karst.; Fl. Columb. [Karsten] 1: 57 (1859), non Cordiera edulis (Rich.) Kuntze
species :
Cordiera hadrantha (Standl.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Revista Biol. Neotrop. 3(1): 30 (2007)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia hadrantha Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 177 (1936)
species :
Cordiera humilis (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Minas Gerais, Paraná, São Paulo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, San Pedro)
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia humilis K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 391 (1889)
= Alibertia sessilis var. reticulata K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 395 (1889)
variant :
var. amplexicaulis (S.Moore) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Estad. Goiás e Tocantins 40: 233 (2010)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Brazil (Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Rondônia)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia amplexicaulis S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 370 (1895)
species :
Cordiera killipii (Standl.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 151 (2017)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Amazonas)
83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia itayensis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 177 (1936)
= Alibertia macrantha Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 178 (1936)
= Basanacantha hispida Ducke; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 6: 98 (1933)
= Randia hispida Ducke; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11(106): 477 (1932), non K. Schum. 1896
= Randia killipii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 170 (1930)
species :
Cordiera longicaudata C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Nordic J. Bot. 28(5): 523 (2010)
Distribution: Ecuador (Carchi)
83 ECU
species :
Cordiera longiflora (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia longiflora K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 412 (1889)
species :
Cordiera macrophylla (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia macrophylla K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 394 (1889)
= Alibertia verrucosa S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 371 (1895)
species :
Cordiera montana C.H.Perss., Delprete & Antonelli; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 161 (2017)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
species :
Cordiera mussunungae C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 162 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera myrciifolia (Spruce ex K.Schum.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Venez. Guayana 8: 559 (2004)
Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Arauca, Guaviare, Meta); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
80 PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia myrciifolia K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 393 (1889)
= Alibertia uniflora Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 179 (1936)
= Alibertia triloba Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12: 227 (1965)
= Alibertia myrciifolia var. tepuiensis Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12: 226 (1965)
variant :
var. barbata C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 170 (2017)
Distribution: Bolivia ; Brazil (Mato Grosso, Rondônia)
83 BOL 84 BRA
variant :
var. peruviana C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 171 (2017)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Cordiera obtusa (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia obtusa K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 393 (1889)
species :
Cordiera papillosa C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 174 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Piauí, Tocantins)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera pilosa (K.Krause) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 176 (2017)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Acre)
83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia pilosa K.Krause; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 50: 106 (1908)
= Duroia steinbachii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 7: 290 (1931)
species :
Cordiera rigida (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Piauí, Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia, Tocantins, Goiás, Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia gardneri Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 354 (1931)
= Alibertia rigida K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 391 (1889)
species :
Cordiera rugulata C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 182 (2017)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Brazil (Amazonas)
82 CLM 84 BRA
species :
Cordiera sessilis (Vell.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Maranhao); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, San Pedro)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia melloana Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28: 520 (1873), nom. superfl.
= Alibertia sessilis (Vell.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 395 (1889)
= Gardenia sessilis Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 3: t. 11 (1825 publ. 1829)
species :
Cordiera stipulacea C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 192 (2017)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais, Bahia, Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
species :
Cordiera subaurea (Zahlbr.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 192 (2017)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Brazil (São Paulo)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia subaurea Zahlbr.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 80 (1923 publ. 1924)
species :
Cordiera triflora A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5: 222 (1830)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Ecuador; N-Brazil (Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alibertia benensis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 7: 291 (1931)
= Alibertia steinbachii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 287 (1929)
= Alibertia tenuifolia K.Krause; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 50: 106 (1908 publ. 1909)
= Alibertia triflora (A.Rich. ex DC.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 392 (1889)
= Nonatelia sessiliflora (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 290 (1891)
= Octavia sessiliflora DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 464 (1830)
species :
Cordiera tuberculata C.H.Perss. & Delprete; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 119: 199 (2017)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM 83 ECU PER
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life