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Genus (41)

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206.0000 Family Crassulaceae J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 2: 123 (1805), nom. cons.
Latest phylogeny: Messerschmid et al. (2020)
Species listed in database: 1725; hybrids: 177
= Cotyledonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Rhodiolaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 546 (1820)
= Sedaceae Roussel; Fl. Calvados, ed. 2: 291 (1806)
= Sempervivaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 207 (1789)
= Tillaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 635 (1820)
206.2103 Genus Cotyledon L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 429 (1753)
Distribution: South Africa, 1 extending to Arabia
Species listed in database: 20
= Cotylaria Raf.; Princ. Fond. Somiol. 25 (1814)
= Cotyliphyllum Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 23 (1831)
species :
Cotyledon adscendens R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. Africa 27: t. 1080 (1949)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon barbeyi Schweinf. ex Penz.; Atti Congr. Bot. Int. Genova [1892] 341 (1893), ex W. Watson in Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 13: 624 (1893)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; N-Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Yemen (W-Yemen, N-Inner Yemen)
24 ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon sturmiana Poelln.; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 8: 19 (1939)
= Cotyledon transvaalensis Guillaumin; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 7: 363 (1936)
= Cotyledon wickensii Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 3: 141 (1915)
= Cotyledon wickensii var. glandulosa Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 37 (1937)
variant :
var. soutpansbergensis van Jaarsv. & A.E.van Wyk; Aloe 49(1): 18 (2012)
Distribution: South Africa (Northern Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon campanulata Marloth; Trans. S. African Philos. Soc. 18: 46 (1907)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon teretifolia Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 83 (1794) (nom. illeg.)
= Cotyledon teretifolia var. subglabra Harv.; (1862) (nom. inval.)
species :
Cotyledon cuneata Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 83 (1794)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Adromischus cuneatus (Thunb.) Lem.; (1852)
= Cotyledon deasii Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 3: 140 (1915)
= Cotyledon pillansii Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 2: 152 (1907)
= Cotyledon undulata Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 3: 306 (1837)
species :
Cotyledon egglii van Jaarsv.; Bradleya 35: 185 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Mpumalanga)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon eliseae van Jaarsv.; Bradleya 15: 65 (1997)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon flanaganii Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 22 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. flanaganii
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. flanaganii (Schönland & Baker f.) Toelken; Bothalia 12(4): 618 (1979)
subspecies :
subsp. mzimvubuensis van Jaarsv.; Bradleya 37: 177 (2019)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon gloeophylla van Jaarsv.; Bradleya 33: 183 (2015)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon mckayi N.R.Crouch & Gideon F.Sm.; Phytotaxa 632(2): 186 (2023)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon nielsii N.R.Crouch, D.Styles & Mich.Walters; Bradleya 39: 133 (2021)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon orbiculata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 429 (1753)
Distribution: Canary Isl. [I] (La Gomera [I], Tenerife [I]); SW-Angola; Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); St. Helena [I]; Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Bolivia [c]
21 cny 26 ANG 27 NAM SAF 28 sth 38 tai 50 aus 51 nzl 81 his 83 bol
Synonyms: hidden
= Adromischus mucronatus (Lam.) Lem.; Jard. Fleur. 2(Misc.): 60 (1852)
= Cotyledon ambigua Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 307 (1796)
= Cotyledon ausana Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 53: 92 (1928), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 195 (1932)
= Cotyledon canaliculata Baker; Refug. Bot. [Saunders] 1: t. 58 (1869)
= Cotyledon decussata Sims; Bot. Mag. 51: t. 2518 (1824)
= Cotyledon decussata var. dielsii Poelln.; (1937)
= Cotyledon decussata var. henrichseniana H.Jacobsen; Kakteen And. Sukk. 7: 51 (1956)
= Cotyledon dielsii Schltr. ex Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 31 (1937)
= Cotyledon elata Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 20 (1819)
= Cotyledon ergleri Dinter & A.Berger; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50(Suppl.): 590 (1914)
= Cotyledon flanaganii var. karroensis Schönland & Baker f.; (1902)
= Cotyledon fourcadii Schönland ex Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 31 (1937)
= Cotyledon mucronata Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 142 (1786)
= Cotyledon orbiculata f. dinteri H.Jacobsen; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 10: 80 (1955)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. ausana (Dinter) H.Jacobsen; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 10(4): 80 (1955)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. dinteri H.Jacobsen; (1954)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. elata (Haw.) DC.; (1828)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. engleri (A.Berger & Dinter) Dinter; (1928)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. higginsiae H.Jacobsen; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 7(1): 12 (1952)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. oophylla Dinter; (1932)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. ovata DC.; (1828)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. ramosa (Haw.) DC.; (1828)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. rotundifolia DC.; (1828)
= Cotyledon orbiculata var. viridis Dinter ex Range; (1934)
= Cotyledon ovata Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 105 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Cotyledon papillaris Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 21 (1819)
= Cotyledon papillaris var. tricuspidata (Haw.) DC.; (1828)
= Cotyledon ramosa Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 24 (1819)
= Cotyledon ramosissima Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 6 (1768), non Haw.
= Cotyledon tricuspidata Harv.; Philos. Mag. J. 32 (1825)
= Cotyledon undulata var. mucronata (Lam.) Poelln.; (1937)
= Cotyledon ungulata Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 139 (1786)
= Sedum decussatum (Sims) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 84 (1898)
= Sedum orbiculatum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 85 (1898)
variant :
var. dactylopsis Toelken; Bothalia 12(4): 619 (1979)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
variant :
var. oblonga (Haw.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 396 (1828)
Distribution: Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I])
26 MOZ 27 LES SAF SWZ 38 tai 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon canaliculata Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 22 (1819)
= Cotyledon canalifolia Haw.; Philos. Mag. J. 327 (1825), nom. superfl.
= Cotyledon coruscans Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 21 (1819)
= Cotyledon crassifolia Haw.; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 1827: 273 (1827)
= Cotyledon cuneiformis Haw.; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 1828: 185 (1828)
= Cotyledon decussata var. flavida (Fourc.) Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 31 (1937)
= Cotyledon decussata var. rubra Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 31 (1937)
= Cotyledon flavida Fourc.; Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 21: 90 (1932)
= Cotyledon galpinii Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 16 (1902)
= Cotyledon leucophylla C.A.Sm. ex D.G.Steyn; Toxicol. Pl. S. Afr.: 224 (1934), anglice
= Cotyledon leucophylla C.A.Sm. ex R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. South Africa 17: t. 652 (1937)
= Cotyledon macrantha A.Berger; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 10: 106 (1900)
= Cotyledon macrantha var. virescens (Schönland & Baker f.) Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 33 (1937)
= Cotyledon obermeyeriana Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 41 (1937)
= Cotyledon oblonga Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 106 (1812)
= Cotyledon rudatisii Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 42, germanice (1937)
= Cotyledon simulans Schönland ex Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48: 111 (1940), sine descr. lat.
= Cotyledon undulata Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 20 (1819)
= Cotyledon virescens Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 14 (1902)
= Cotyledon viridis Haw.; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 1827: 273 (1827)
= Cotyledon whitei Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 19 (1902)
= Cotyledon zuluensis Schönland ex Poelln.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 41 (1937)
variant :
var. spuria (L.) Toelken; Bothalia 12(4): 619 (1979)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon africana Burm.f. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 280 (1821)
= Cotyledon purpurea Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 83 (1794)
= Cotyledon spuria L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 614 (1762)
= Cotyledon teretifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2(1): 139 (1786)
= Sedum teretifolium (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 401 (1828)
species :
Cotyledon papillaris L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 242 (1782)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon acaulon Walter ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 280 (1821)
= Cotyledon cuneata E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 5(1): 2: 372 (1862)
= Cotyledon glandulosa N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 300 (1913)
= Cotyledon glutinosa Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 1: 119 (1904)
= Cotyledon gracilis Harv.; Fl. Cap. 2: 373 (1862), nom. illeg.
= Cotyledon gracilis Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 26 (1819)
= Cotyledon jacobseniana Poelln.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. i. 94 (1936)
= Cotyledon meyeri Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 2: 372 (1862)
= Cotyledon muirii Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 3: 144 (1915)
= Cotyledon papillaris var. glutinosa (Schönland) Poelln.; (1940)
= Cotyledon papillaris var. robusta Schönland & Baker f.
= Cotyledon papillaris var. subundulata Poelln.
= Cotyledon pseudogracilis Poelln.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 1: 94 (1936)
species :
Cotyledon pendens van Jaarsv.; Aloe 40(2): 36 (2003)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon petiolaris van Jaarsv.; Bradleya 33: 24 (2015)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon tanquana van Jaarsv.; Haseltonia 26: 5 (2019)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon tomentosa Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 2: 373 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. tomentosa
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
subspecies :
subsp. ladismithiensis (Poelln.) Toelken; Bothalia 12(2): 194 (1977)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon ladismithensis Poelln.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 1: 94 (1936)
= Cotyledon heterophylla Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 2: 150 (1907) (nom. illeg.)
species :
Cotyledon turlandii Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch & Andr.McKay; Phytotaxa 760(2): 153 (2026)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon velutina Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5602 (1868)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon beckeri Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 12 (1902)
= Cotyledon velutina var. beckeri (Schönland & Baker f.) Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 3: 132 (1915)
= Cotyledon mollis Schönland; Rec. Albany Mus. 3: 132 (1915)
species :
Cotyledon woodii Schönland & Baker f.; J. Bot. 40: 21 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. woodii
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon ramosissima Salm-Dyck ex Haw.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 25 (1819)
= Cotyledon ramosissima var. woodii (Schönland & Baker f.) Schönland; (1915)
= Cotyledon reticulata Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 83 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Cotyledon salmiana var. woodii (Schönland & Baker f.) Poelln.; (1936)
= Cotyledon salmiana Poelln.; Jahrb. Deutsch. Kakteen-Ges. 1: 94 (1936)
subspecies :
subsp. cremnophila van Jaarsv.; Haseltonia 21: 78 (2015)
Distribution: South Africa (Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Cotyledon xanthantha van Jaarsv. & Eggli; Bradleya 35: 170 (2017), nom. nov.
Distribution: South Africa (Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cotyledon lutea van Jaarsv.; Haseltonia 21: 92 (2015), non Huds.
= Cotyledon adscendens van Jaarsv. & Eggli; Bradleya 34: 142 (2016), nom. nov. illeg.
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life