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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.1808 Genus Declieuxia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 352, t. 281 (1818)
Distribution: Tropical America, Caribbean
Species listed in database: 29
= Congdonia Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1876)
species :
Declieuxia aspalathoides Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia, Sergipe); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia cacuminis Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
variant :
var. decurrens J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 72 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
variant :
var. glabra J.H.Kirkbr.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 204 (1983)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
variant :
var. tocantinensis Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 6(2): 394 (2012)
Distribution: Brazil (Tocantins)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia coerulea Gardner; London J. Bot. 4: 106 (1845)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Congdonia coerulea (Gardner) Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1976)
= Declieuxia bradei Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 184 (1940)
species :
Declieuxia cordigera Mart. & Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Psyllocarpus cordifolius Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830)
= Psyllocarpus divergentiflorus Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830), nom. inval.
variant :
var. angustifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 434 (1881)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula cruciata Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 44 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Asperula cyanea Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 44 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Declieuxia brachyloba Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
= Declieuxia cordigera var. longifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 434 (1881)
= Declieuxia intermedia Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
= Declieuxia polygaloides var. angustifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 447 (1881)
= Declieuxia polygaloides var. aristolochia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 447 (1881)
= Declieuxia polygaloides var. latifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 446 (1881)
= Declieuxia polygaloides Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 113 (1827)
= Declieuxia sclerophylla Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 467 (1881)
species :
Declieuxia dasyphylla K.Schum. ex Steyerm.; Los Angeles County Mus. Contr. Sci. 21-24 (1958)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia dasyphylla f. ciliolata Steyerm.; Los Angeles County Mus. Contr. Sci. 21: 26 (1958)
species :
Declieuxia decumbens J.H.Kirkbr.; Brittonia 49(3): 368 (1997)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia deltoidea Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1876)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia amplexicaulis K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 358 (1909)
= Declieuxia cordigera var. floribunda K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 358 (1909)
variant :
var. perfoliata J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28, 24 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia diamantinae J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 46 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia diantheroides Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 185 (1940)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia bouvardioides Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 183 (1940)
species :
Declieuxia dusenii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 369 (1931)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia fruticosa (Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Colombia (Bolívar, Boyacá, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Guaviare, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Norte de Santander, Santander, Valle, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoátegui, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcón, Guárico, Lara, Mérida, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Peru; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapá, Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhão, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Amambay, Concepcion)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia alba Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 113 (1827)
= Declieuxia alfredii Ernst; Revista Ci. Mens. Univ. Centr. Venezuela 1: 222 (1887)
= Declieuxia anceps K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 358 (1909)
= Declieuxia brevicollis Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1876)
= Declieuxia calophylla Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 184 (1940)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 276 (1819), nom. superfl.
= Declieuxia chiococcoides subsp. mexicana (DC.) Borhidi; Bot. Közlem. 58: 177 (1971)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. guyanensis Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 442 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. hirta Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 435 (1876)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. linearis Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 445 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. lucida Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 435 (1876)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. mexicana (DC.) Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 435 (1876)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. opaca Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 442 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. pallida Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 444 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. papillosa Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 435 (1876)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. puberula Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 442 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. puberulina Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 444 (1881)
= Declieuxia chiococcoides var. vincoides (Mart. ex Zucc.) Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 435 (1876)
= Declieuxia clinopodioides Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1876)
= Declieuxia foliosa Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830)
= Declieuxia fruticosa var. guyanensis (Müll.Arg.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 369 (1931)
= Declieuxia fruticosa var. mexicana (DC.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 12: 378 (1936)
= Declieuxia glabra Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 481 (1830)
= Declieuxia glauca Mart. ex Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 8 (1829)
= Declieuxia mexicana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 479 (1830)
= Declieuxia mollis Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
= Declieuxia mucronulata Mart. ex Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 10 (1829)
= Declieuxia origanoides Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
= Declieuxia pulverulenta Mart. ex Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 9 (1829)
= Declieuxia revoluta Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
= Declieuxia rubioides Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
= Declieuxia vincoides Mart. ex Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 113 (1827)
= Houstonia fruticosa Willd.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 527 (1818)
= Psyllocarpus foliosus Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830), pro syn.
= Psyllocarpus glaber Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 481 (1830)
= Psyllocarpus trichotomus Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 481 (1830)
species :
Declieuxia gracilis J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 61 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia hatschbachii J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 53 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia humilis (Müll.Arg.) J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 61 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia oenanthoides var. humilis Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 468 (1881)
species :
Declieuxia irwinii J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 28: 49 (1976)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia juniperina A.St.-Hil.; Voy. Distr. Diam. 1: 366 (1833)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia ericoides Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 360 (1909)
species :
Declieuxia lancifolia J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 26: 31 (1976)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia leiophylla Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia lysimachioides Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia cordigera var. divergentiflora (Pohl ex DC.) J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 26: 36 (1976)
= Declieuxia divergentiflora Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830)
= Declieuxia scabra Benth.; Linnaea 23: 465 (1850)
species :
Declieuxia marioides Mart. & Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 111 (1827)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Arcytophyllum ulei K.Krause; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 200 (1914)
species :
Declieuxia muscosa A.St.-Hil.; Voy. Distr. Diam. 1: 365 (1833)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia oenanthoides Mart. ex Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia galioides Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 479 (1830)
= Declieuxia oenanthoides var. longifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 452 (1881)
= Declieuxia oenanthoides var. stenophylla Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 452 (1881)
= Psyllocarpus galioides Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 479 (1830)
species :
Declieuxia passerina Mart. ex Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia daphnoides var. glabra Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 432 (1881)
= Declieuxia daphnoides var. minor Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 433 (1881)
= Declieuxia daphnoides Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
= Declieuxia imbricata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830)
= Declieuxia orthophylla Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 451 (1881)
= Declieuxia schwackei K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 360 (1909)
= Psyllocarpus imbricatus Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 480 (1830)
species :
Declieuxia pruinosa Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 481 (1830)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia glauca var. subdecurrens Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 439 (1881)
= Psyllocarpus pruinosus Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 481 (1830)
species :
Declieuxia rhexioides Mart. ex Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 112 (1827)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Declieuxia saturejoides Mart. & Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 111 (1827)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia frankenioides K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 359 (1909)
= Declieuxia minutifolia Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 185 (1940)
= Declieuxia saturejoides var. thymbroides (Mart. ex Zucc.) Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 437 (1876)
= Declieuxia selloana Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
= Declieuxia thymbroides Mart. & Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 111 (1827)
species :
Declieuxia spergulifolia Mart. & Zucc.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 111 (1827)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia spergulifolia var. longifolia Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(5): 453 (1881)
species :
Declieuxia tenuiflora (Roem. & Schult.) Steyerm. & J.H.Kirkbr.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 399 (1972)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Sucre); Guyana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
82 GUY VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia brasiliensis (Spreng.) Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 434 (1876)
= Declieuxia herbacea Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 11 (1829)
= Knoxia brasiliensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 406 (1824)
= Tournefortia tenuiflora Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 540 (1819)
species :
Declieuxia verticillata Müll.Arg.; Flora 59: 438 (1876)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Declieuxia hedemoides Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 201 (1936)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life