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275.0000 Family Thymelaeaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 76 (1789), nom. cons.
49 genera, ca. 930 spp.
Species listed in database: 946; hybrids: 13
= Aquilariaceae R.Br. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 59 (1825)
= Daphnaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règn. Vég. 2: 235 (1799)
= Gnidiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(116-120): 1, 2 (1823)
= Gonystylaceae Tiegh.; Just´s Bot. Jahresber. 21(2): 389, 390 (1896), nom. cons.
= Phaleriaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 323, 329, Comm. 241 (1841)
= Tepuianthaceae Maguire & Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 32: 8 (1981)
275.4033 Genus Diarthron Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 4: 204 (1832), et 25(2): 464, t. 11 (1852)
Distribution: Europe (1), Caucasus, Middle Asia, Siberia, Far East of Russia; Asia Minor, Iran, NW-India, China, Mongolia, Korea
Species listed in database: 16
= Stelleropsis Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 144 (1949)
= Dendrostellera (C.A.Mey.) Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 74 (1893)
species :
Diarthron altaicum (Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 219 (1982)
Distribution: Siberia (SW-Siberia, Altay); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Passerina racemosa Wikstr.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1818: 320 (1818)
= Stellera altaica Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 436 (1805)
= Stelleropsis altaica (Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.) Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 149 (1950)
= Wikstroemia altaica (Thiéb.-Bern. ex Pers.) Domke; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 362 (1932)
species :
Diarthron ammodendron (Kar. & Kir.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaejasme stachyodes Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 584 (1891)
= Dendrostellera ammodendron (Kar. & Kir.) Botsch.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 22: 30 (1963)
= Dendrostellera stachyoides (Schrenk) Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 75 (1893)
= Diarthron stachyoides (Schrenk) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 218 (1982)
= Passerina ammodendron Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 444 (1842)
= Passerina stachyoides Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 550 (1857)
= Stellera stachyoides Schrenk; Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 10: 253 (1842)
species :
Diarthron antoninae (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 221 (1982)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran)
32 TKM 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Diarthron turcomanicum (Czerniak.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 220 (1982)
= Stellera turcomanica Czerniak.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 273 (1930)
= Stelleropsis antoninae Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 157, f. 2 (1949)
= Stelleropsis turcomanica (Czerniak.) Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 506 (1949), et Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 156 (1950)
= Wikstroemia turcomanica (Czerniak.) Domke; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 362 (1932)
species :
Diarthron arenarium (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 218 (1982)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan
32 KAZ UZB
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendrostellera arenaria Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 689 (1949)
species :
Diarthron caucasicum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 221 (1982)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Stelleropsis caucasica Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 161 (1949)
species :
Diarthron iranicum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 221 (1982)
subspecies :
subsp. iranicum
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Stellera altaica var. minor Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 1051 (1879)
= Stelleropsis iranica Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 158 (1949)
subspecies :
subsp. pilosa (B.Peterson) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 221 (1982)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni, Paktia / Khost)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Diarthron iranicum subsp. pilosa B.Peterson; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 95: 15 (1972)
species :
Diarthron issykkulense (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 220 (1982)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Stelleropsis issykkulensis Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 152 (1949)
species :
Diarthron lessertii (Wikstr.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 218 (1982)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran N-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kandahar, Orozgan / Daykundi); Syria (NE-Syria, C-Syria); Pakistan (Baluchistan)
32 TKM 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaejasme lessertii (Wikstr.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 584 (1891)
= Chamaejasme stachyoides Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 584 (1891)
= Dais spicata Endl.; Sert. Cabul. 5, t. 3 (1836)
= Dendrostellera glaucescens Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 254 (1954)
= Dendrostellera griffithii (Meisn.) Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 250 (1954), isonym
= Dendrostellera griffithii (Meisn.) Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 75 (1893)
= Dendrostellera lessertii (Wikstr.) Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 75 (1893)
= Dendrostellera olgae Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 691 (1949)
= Dendrostellera persica (Boiss.) Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 252 (1954)
= Dendrostellera ramosissima Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 252 (1954)
= Dendrostellera spicata (Endl.) Tiegh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 40: 75 (1893)
= Diarthron olgae (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 218 (1982)
= Diarthron ramosissimum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 218 (1982)
= Passerina lessertii Wikstr.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1818: 341 (1818)
= Passerina persica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 85 (1846)
= Stellera griffithii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 550 (1857)
= Stellera incana Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 58 (1886)
= Stellera lessertii (Wikstr.) C.A.Mey.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 1: 359 (1843)
= Stellera lessertii var. afghanica Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 550 (1857)
= Stellera lessertii var. angustifolia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 1051 (1879)
= Stellera lessertii var. incana (Stapf) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 24(1): 89 (1908)
= Stellera lessertii var. latifolia Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 326 (1886)
= Stellera persica (Boiss.) Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher], Suppl. 4(2): 63 (1848)
= Stellera spicata C.A.Mey.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 1: 359 (1843)
species :
Diarthron linearifolium (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 218 (1982)
Distribution: Uzbekistan
32 UZB
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendrostellera linearifolia Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 689 (1949)
species :
Diarthron linifolium Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 4: 204 (1832)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita, Irkutsk); Russian Far East (Upper Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Jilin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Jiangsu); Mongolia; South Korea
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 KOR
species :
Diarthron macrorhachis (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 218 (1982)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan
32 KAZ UZB
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendrostellera macrorhachis Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 690 (1949)
species :
Diarthron magakjanii (Sosn.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 221 (1982)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Stellera magakjanii Sosn.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 7: 138, f. a-d (1947)
= Stelleropsis magakjanii (Sosn.) Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 510 (1949), et Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 160 (1950)
species :
Diarthron tarbagataicum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 220 (1982)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Stelleropsis tarbagataica Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 151 (1949)
species :
Diarthron tianschanicum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 220 (1982)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan (Tianshan); China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Stelleropsis tianschanica Pobed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 153 (1949)
= Stelleropsis altaica subsp. tianschanica (Pobed.) Kamelin; Mater. Istorii Fl. Azii (Altaisk. Gorn. Strana): 69 (1998)
species :
Diarthron turkmenorum (Pobed.) Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 219 (1982)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan
32 TKM TZK
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendrostellera turkmenorum Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 15: 691 (1949)
species :
Diarthron vesiculosum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) C.A.Mey.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 1: 359 (1843)
Distribution: ?E-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia); Iraq; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran, N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Nangarhar, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar, Zabul); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Hazara, Chitral, Swat, Astor, Baltistan, Gilgit, Pakistani Punjab); India (Jammu & Kashmir)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Passerina vesiculosa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 444 (1842)
= Diarthron carinatum Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 2: 5. I. 105 (1844)
= Passerina costata Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 367 (1854)
= Diarthron vesiculosum var. undulatum M.Nobis, A.Nobis, A.Nowak & S.Nowak; Pl. Biosystems 148(5-6): 1032 (2013)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life