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272.0000 Family Meliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 263 (1789), nom. cons.
50 genera, ca. 750 spp. Phylogeny following Cole (2020)
Species listed in database: 781; hybrids: 2
= Cedrelaceae R.Br.; Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 595, 596 (1814)
272.2521 Genus Epicharis Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 166 (1825)
Distribution: Malesia, few to S-China and Fiji
Species listed in database: 7
= Piptosaccos Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 415 (1858)
species :
Epicharis alata (Harms) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 169, 176 (1940)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dysoxylum alatum Harms; Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 381 (1901)
species :
Epicharis brevipanicula (C.DC.) Hauenschild & Mabb.; Taxon 70(6): 1265 (2021)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dysoxylum brevipaniculum C.DC.; Nova Guinea 8: 1011 (1914)
= Dysoxylum microstachyum Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 196 (1942)
= Dysoxylum steinii Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 202 (1942)
species :
Epicharis cumingiana (C.DC.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
Distribution: Taiwan (Lan Yu Isl.); Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Polillo, Mindoro, Tablas, Panay, Samar, Mindanao, Siargao); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); Moluccas (Bacan, Halmaheira)
38 TAI 42 LSI MOL PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Alliaria cauliflora (Turcz.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Dysoxylum agusanense Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3350 (1937), anglice.
= Dysoxylum cauliflorum (Turcz.) G.Perkins; Fragm. Fl. Philipp. [Perkins] 1: 31 (1904), nom. illeg.
= Dysoxylum cumingianum C.DC.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 1: 497 (1878)
= Dysoxylum pyriforme Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 149 (1908)
= Dysoxylum siargaoense Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 269 (1920) (1921)
= Dysoxylum sulphureum Elmer ex Merr.; Enum. Philipp. Fl. Pl. 2: 362 (1923), in obs., pro syn., Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3380 (1937), descr. angl.
= Dysoxylum testaceum Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 3093 (1919)
= Dysoxylum triangulare Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 148 (1908)
= Epicharis pyriformis (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis siargaoensis (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis triangularis (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 177 (1940)
= Hartighsea cauliflora Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 411 (1858)
species :
Epicharis cuneata (Hiern) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
Distribution: Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (throughout); Singapore; Sumatera (incl. Bangka Isl.); Borneo; Brunei; Palawan
41 CBD THA VIE 42 BOR BRN MLY PLW SNG SUM
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Alliaria beccariana (C.DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Alliaria cuneata (Hiern) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Alliaria hiernii (Harms) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Dysoxylum angustifoliolum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 26: 460 (1925)
= Dysoxylum beccarianum C.DC.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 1: 495 (1878)
= Dysoxylum cauliflorum Hiern; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 549 (1875)
= Dysoxylum cauliflorum var. tomentellum Stapf; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 138 (1894)
= Dysoxylum cuneatum Hiern; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 549 (1875)
= Dysoxylum foxworthyi Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3363 (1937), anglice.
= Epicharis angustifoliola (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis foxworthyi (Elmer) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis hierniana Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Lepisanthes forbesii Baker f. [J.Bot.62: Suppl.25 (1924)]
species :
Epicharis densiflora Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 167 (1825)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl.); S-Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Johor); Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Jawa; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Flores)
36 CHI 41 MYA NCB THA 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY SNG SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alliaria densiflora (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Alliaria trichostyla (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Dysoxylum densiflorum (Blume) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 9 (1869)
= Dysoxylum densiflorum var. minus Koord. & Valeton; Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java 3: 41 (1896)
= Dysoxylum elmeri Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 121 (1929)
= Dysoxylum trichostylum f. glabrum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 11 (1868)
= Dysoxylum trichostylum f. pubescens Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 11 (1868)
= Dysoxylum trichostylum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 11 (1869)
= Epicharis altissima Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 167 (1825)
= Epicharis glabra Blume ex Miq.; (1868)
= Guarea densiflora (Blume) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2): 251 (1827)
species :
Epicharis gillespieana (A.C.Sm.) Holzmeyer & Hauenschild; Taxon 70(6): 1265 (2021)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Dysoxylum gillespieanum A.C.Sm.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 30: 516 (1952)
species :
Epicharis parasitica (Osbeck) Mabb.; Taxon 70(6): 1258 (2021)
Distribution: Taiwan (Lan Yu Isl.); Cambodia; peninsular Malaysia (Pahang); Sumatera; E-Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Leyte, Samar, Siargao, Mindanao); Jawa; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumba, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor); Moluccas (Tanimbar, Ambon, Bacan, Buru, Seram, Halmaheira, Kei Isl., Sula Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (NE-Queensland)
38 TAI 41 CBD 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alliaria caulostachya (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Alliaria ramiflora (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Alliaria speciosa (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
= Azedarach ramiflorum Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5: (1790) ed. I. Art. IV. 5
= Dysoxylum brachypodum Baker f. [J.Bot.62: Suppl.17 (1924)]
= Dysoxylum callianthum Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 300 (1940)
= Dysoxylum caulostachyum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 12 (1869)
= Dysoxylum densevestitum C.T.White; Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 22: 6 (1920)
= Dysoxylum fissum C.T.White & Francis; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 38: 234 (1926) (1927), et ex Lane-Poole, Rep. For. Resources Terr. Papua & New Guinea. 101 (1925)
= Dysoxylum fragrans Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3365 (1937), anglice
= Dysoxylum glochidioides Elmer ex Merr.; Enum. Philipp. Fl. Pl. 2: 365 (1923), in obs., pro syn.
= Dysoxylum leytense Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 8: 376 (1913)
= Dysoxylum loheri Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 27: 28 (1925)
= Dysoxylum longicalicinum C.DC.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 165 (1903)
= Dysoxylum longiflorum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 9: 538 (1914 publ. 1915)
= Dysoxylum longipetalum C.DC.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 165 (1903)
= Dysoxylum megalanthum Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 211 t. 9 (1895)
= Dysoxylum novoguineense Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 344 (1891)
= Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm.; Reinwardtia 7: 247 (1966)
= Dysoxylum ramiflorum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 10 (1869)
= Dysoxylum richardsonianum Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 21: 307 (1940)
= Dysoxylum robinsonii Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 9: 540 (1914)
= Dysoxylum roemeri C.DC.; Nova Guinea 8: 1012 (1914)
= Dysoxylum rumphii Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 278 (1916)
= Dysoxylum schiffneri F.Muell.; Melbourne Chem. Druggist 4: 53 (1881), et Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 14: 369 (1883)
= Dysoxylum sericeum (Blume) Adelb.; Blumea 6: 316 (1948)
= Dysoxylum speciosum (A.Juss.) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 11 (1868)
= Epicharis brachypoda (Baker f.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis calliantha (Merr. & L.M.Perry) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 191, 203 (1942)
= Epicharis cauliflora Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 166 (1825)
= Epicharis caulostachya (Miq.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis densevestita (C.T.White) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 169, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis hyacinthodora Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 204 (1942)
= Epicharis leytensis (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis loheri (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis longicalycina (C.DC.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 169, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis longiflora (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis longipetala (C.DC.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 169, 176 (1940)
= Epicharis megalantha (Hemsl.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 160, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis ramiflora (Miq.) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch., t. 348 (1896)
= Epicharis robinsonii (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis rumphii (Merr.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 168, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis schiffneri (F.Muell.) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 169, 177 (1940)
= Epicharis sericea Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 166 (1826)
= Epicharis speciosa A.Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 19: 229 (1830)
= Epicharis trichostyla Zipp. ex Miq.; (1868)
= Guarea cauliflora Reinw. ex Blume; Flora 7: 290 (1824), Spreng. Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 251
= Guarea sericea Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post.: 251 (1827)
= Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck) K.C.Sahni & Bennet; Indian Forester 100: 202 (1974)
= Melia parasitica Osbeck; Dagb. Ostind. Resa 278 (1757), Interpr. Herb. Amboin. 48 (1917)
= Piptosaccos hypophyllantha Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 415 (1858)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life