406.0000
Family
Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 140-170 genera (circumscription still very much in flux), ca. 1700-1800 spp. Latest phylogeny: de Vos et al. (2025). There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1831; hybrids: 80
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Mammillariaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Nopaleaceae E.Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenreich [Petermann] 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
406.3205
Genus
Grusonia F.Rchb. ex Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 1: 215 (1919)
Distribution: Mexico, SW-USA
Species listed in database: 19
= Corynopuntia F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 114, 410 (1935)
= xCylindronia M.A.Baker, Majure, Cloud-H. & Rebman; Haseltonia 29: 14 (2022)
= Marenopuntia Backeh.; Desert Pl. Life 22: 27 (1950)
species :
Grusonia aggeria
(Ralston & Hilsenb.) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
Distribution: USA (SE-Texas); Mexico (C-Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia aggeria (Ralston & Hilsenb.) M.P.Griff.; Haseltonia 9: 91 (2002 publ. 2003)
= Opuntia aggeria Ralston & Hilsenb.; Madroño 36(4): 226 (1989 publ. 1990)
species :
Grusonia bradtiana
(J.M.Coult.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 1: 215 (1919)
Name: Organillo, Viejo
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus bradtianus J.M.Coult.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 406 (1896)
= Grusonia cereiformis J.Nicolai ex K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 4: 110 (1894), nomen
= Opuntia bradtiana (J.M.Coult.) K.Brandegee; Erythea 5: 121 (1897)
= Opuntia cereiformis (Rchb.) F.A.C.Weber; Dict. Hort. [Bois] 897 (1898)
species :
Grusonia bulbispina
(Engelm.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia bulbispina (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 115 (1935)
= Corynopuntia bulbispina subsp. basileocephala D.Donati; Piante Grasse 31(1): 17 (2011)
= Grusonia bulbispina subsp. basileocephala (D.Donati) Majure, M.A.Baker & Cloud-H.; Haseltonia 25: 16 (2018)
= Opuntia bulbispina Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 804 (1857)
species :
Grusonia clavata
(Engelm.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
Name: Club Cholla, Dagger Cholla
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Great Plains)
77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cactus clavatus (Engelm.) Lem.; Cactées 88 (1868)
= Corynopuntia clavata (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 115 (1935)
= Cylindropuntia clavata (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Nye kaktusbog 131 (1930)
= Opuntia clavata Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 95 (1848)
species :
Grusonia deinacantha
(D.Donati) Majure, M.A.Baker & Cloud-H.; Haseltonia 25: 16 (2018)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia deinacantha D.Donati; Webbia 72(1): 106 (2017)
species :
Grusonia emoryi
(Engelm.) Pinkava; J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 32(1): 50 (1999)
Name: Devil Cholla, Cursed Cholla, Peeble´s Cholla, Stanly´s Club Cholla, Wright´s Club Cholla
Distribution: USA (SE-Arizona, SW-New Mexico, SW-Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia emoryi (Engelm.) M.P.Griff.; Haseltonia 9: 91 (2002 publ. 2003)
= Corynopuntia stanlyi (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 114 (1935)
= Cylindropuntia stanlyi F.M.Knuth; Nye kaktusbog 132 (1930)
= Grusonia stanlyi (Engelm.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
= Opuntia emoryi Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 303 (1857)
= Opuntia stanlyi Engelm.; Notes Milit. Reconn. [Emory] 157 (1848)
= Opuntia stanlyi var. peeblesiana L.D.Benson; Cacti Ariz., ed. 3: 20 (1969)
species :
Grusonia grahamii
(Engelm.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
subspecies :
subsp. grahamii
Name: Graham Club Cactus, Graham´s Dog Cactus, Mounded Dwarf Cholla
Distribution: USA (S-New Mexico, SW-Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia agglomerata (A.Berger) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 116 (1935)
= Corynopuntia grahamii (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 116 (1935)
= Corynopuntia planibulbispina Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 6: 3603 (1962)
= Grusonia agglomerata (A.Berger) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
= Opuntia agglomerata A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 58 (1929)
= Opuntia grahamii Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 804 (1857)
= Opuntia schottii var. grahamii (Engelm.) L.D.Benson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 41: 124 (1969)
subspecies :
subsp. vilis
(Rose) D.Donati; Phytotaxa 712(2): 98 (2025)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia vilis (Rose) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 115 (1935)
= Corynopuntia vilis var. bernhardinii Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 6: 3601 (1962)
= Grusonia vilis (Rose) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
= Opuntia vilis Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 293 (1909)
species :
Grusonia guccinii
(D.Donati) Bárcenas & H.M.Hern.; Succ. Pl. Res. 8: 194 (2014)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia guccinii D.Donati; Piante Grasse 30(3): 118 (2010)
species :
Grusonia halophila
(D.Donati) Majure, M.A.Baker & Cloud-H.; Haseltonia 25: 16 (2018)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia halophila D.Donati; Pl. Biosystems 152(3): 394 (2017)
species :
Grusonia invicta
(Brandegee) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
Name: Dagger Cholla
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Opuntia invicta Brandegee; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 163 (1889)
= Corynopuntia invicta (Brandegee) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 114 (1935)
species :
Grusonia kunzei
(Rose) Pinkava; J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 32(1): 50 (1999)
Name: Devil Cholla, Kunze Club Cholla, Wright´s Club Cholla
Distribution: USA (SW-Arizona); Mexico (N-Baja California Norte, Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia kunzei (Rose) M.P.Griff.; Haseltonia 9: 91 (2002 publ. 2003)
= Corynopuntia stanlyi var. kunzei (Rose) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 1: 360 (1958)
= Corynopuntia stanlyi var. wrightiana (E.M.Baxter) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 1: 360 (1958)
= Corynopuntia wrightiana (E.M.Baxter) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 36: 132 (2024)
= Grusonia wrightiana (E.M.Baxter) E.M.Baxter; Calif. Cact. 58 (1935)
= Opuntia kunzei Rose; Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 50: 505 (1908)
= Opuntia kunzei var. wrightiana (E.M.Baxter) Peebles; Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 192 (1949)
= Opuntia stanlyi var. kunzei (Rose) L.D.Benson; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 25: 248 (1944)
= Opuntia stanlyi var. wrightiana (E.M.Baxter) L.D.Benson; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 25: 248 (1944)
= Opuntia wrightiana E.M.Baxter; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 4(5): 283, in clav. (1932)
= Opuntia wrightiana E.M.Baxter ex Peebles; Desert Pl. Life 9: 43 (1937)
species :
Grusonia marenae
(S.H.Parsons) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia marenae (S.H.Parsons) M.P.Griff.; Haseltonia 9: 91 (2002 publ. 2003)
= Marenopuntia marenae (S.H.Parsons) Backeb.; Desert Pl. Life 22: 27 (1950)
= Opuntia marenae S.H.Parsons; Desert (Pasadena) 8: 10 (1936)
= Pterocactus marenae (S.H.Parsons) G.D.Rowley; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 13: 4 (1958)
species :
Grusonia moelleri
(A.Berger) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia moelleri (Berger) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 115 (1935) [as moelleriana]
= Opuntia moelleri A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 57 (1929), Y. Wright in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 4: 282 (1932),descr. ampl.
species :
Grusonia nigrispina
(D.Donati) M.H.J.van der Meer; Cact. Phantast. 2023(1)-1: 1 (2023)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia nigrispina D.Donati; Piante Grasse 32(2): 7 (2012)
species :
Grusonia parishiorum
(Orcutt ex Britton & Rose) Pinkava; Intermount. Fl. [Cronquist et al.] 2(A): 644 (2012)
Name: Ground Mat Cholla, Parish Cholla
Distribution: USA (S-California: San Bernardino Co., Riverside Co., S-Nevada, W-Arizona)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia parishiorum (Orcutt) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 115 (1935)
= Corynopuntia stanlyi var. parishiorum (Orcutt) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 1: 361 (1958)
= Opuntia parishiorum Orcutt; W. Amer. Sci. 10: 81 (1896), Britton & Rose, Cactaceae 1: 81 (1919)
= Opuntia stanlyi var. parishiorum (Orcutt ex Britton & Rose) L.D.Benson; Cacti Ariz., ed. 2: 39 (1950)
species :
Grusonia pulvinata
D.Donati; Phytotaxa 712(2): 98 (2025)
Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Remarks: a sibling species to G. grahamii ssp. vilis
species :
Grusonia reflexispina
(Wiggins & Rollins) E.F.Anderson; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71(6): 325 (1999)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia reflexispina (Wiggins & Rollins) Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 1: 365 (1958)
= Opuntia reflexispina Wiggins & Rollins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 3: 275 (1943)
species :
Grusonia robertsii
Rebman; Madroño 53(3): 278 (2006)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia robertsii (Rebman) Bulot & Solichon; Cact. Succ. 1(2): 65 (2009)
= xCylindronia robertsii (Rebman) M.A.Baker, Majure, Cloud-H. & Rebman; Haseltonia 29: 14 (2022)
species :
Grusonia schottii
(Engelm.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 26(3): 176 (1973)
Name: Clavellina, Devil Cactus, Dog Cholla, Schott Club Cactus
Distribution: USA (SC-Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Corynopuntia densispina (Ralston & Hilsenb.) Fensterm.; Phytoneuron 2016-1: 24 (2016)
= Corynopuntia schottii (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 114 (1935)
= Grusonia densispina (Ralston & Hilsenb.) Pinkava ex Rebman; J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 34(1): 45 (2002)
= Opuntia densispina Ralston & Hilsenb.; Madroño 39(4): 281 (1992)
= Opuntia schottii Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 304 (1857)
