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111.0000 Family Cymodoceaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 553 (1895), nom. cons.
6 genera, 18 spp. Phylogeny: Petersen et al. (2014)
Species listed in database: 18; hybrids: 1
= Cymodoceeae Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 3: 1011 (1883)
= Cymodoceoideae K.Schum.; Lehrb. Syst. Bot. 246 (1894)
= Phucagrostideae Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 12: 116, 123 (1892)
111.0001 Genus Halodule Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher], Suppl. 1: 1368 (1841)
Distribution: Tropical coasts
Species listed in database: 7; hybrids: 1
= Diplanthera Thouars; Gen. Nov. Madagasc. 3 (1806)
species :
Halodule bermudensis Hartog; Blumea 12: 308 (1964)
Distribution: Bermuda
81 BER
species :
Halodule ciliata (Hartog) Hartog; Blumea 12: 309 (1964)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplanthera ciliata Hartog; Pacif. Naturalist 1(15): 4 (1960)
species :
Halodule decipiens Ostenf.; Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 260 (1902)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco); SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Halodule emarginata Hartog; Blumea 18: 65 (1970)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Halodule lilianeae Hartog; Acta Bot. Neerl. 21(5): 514 (1972)
species :
Halodule pinifolia (Miki) Hartog; Blumea 12: 309 (1964)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea; Australia (N-Western Australia, Northern Territory, N-Queensland); New Caledonia; Tonga; Fiji; Palau (Babeldaob)
36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL 50 AUS 60 FIJ NWC TON 62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplanthera pinifolia Miki; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46(552): 787, t. 9 (1932)
species :
Halodule uninervis (Forssk.) Asch.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 24 (1882)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); NE-Sudan; Eritrea; S-Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mauritius; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl.); Seychelles (incl. Coetivy Isl.); Israel (Rift Valley); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz); Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Yemen (SW-Yemen, Tihama); China (Hainan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl.); Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; South China Sea Isl.; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales); Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu); Fiji; Palau (Urukthapel); Northern Marianas (Saipan); Guam
20 EGY 24 ERI SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 27 SAF 29 ALD COM MAU MDG SEY 34 ISR SIN 35 BAR OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SCS SNG SUL 50 AUS 60 FIJ TON VAN 62 GUM MRN PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cymodocea australis (Miq.) Trimen; Syst. Cat. Fl. Pl. Ceylon 99 (1885)
= Diplanthera indica Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 515 (1841)
= Diplanthera madagascariensis Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 515 (1841), nom. inval.
= Diplanthera tridentata Steinh.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 98 (1838)
= Diplanthera uninervis (Forssk.) Asch.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], Nachtr. 1: 37 (1897)
= Diplanthera uninervis (Forssk.) F.N.Williams; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 221 (1904)
= Halodule australis Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 227 (1856)
= Halodule ×linearifolia Ohba & Miyata ex Kadono; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 4a: 17 (2020)
= Halodule tridentata (Steinh.) Endl. ex Unger; Chlor. Protogaea 67 (1843)
= Halodule tridentata (Steinh.) F.Muell.; Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 121 (1882)
= Phucagrostis tridentata Ehrenb. & Hemprich ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 24 (1882)
= Zostera tridentata Solms; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 196 (1867)
= Zostera uninervis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 157 (1775)
species :
Halodule wrightii Asch.; Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 1868: 19 (1868)
Name: Shoalweed
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; ?Guinea; Sierra Leone; Ghana; ?Togo; ?Benin; Nigeria; Angola; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mauritius; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Cosmoledo Isl.); Seychelles; Iran (S-Iran); India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); USA (Alabama, California, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Trinidad; Curacao; Colombia (La Guajira, Magdalena); Venezuela (Falcon); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)
22 GHA MTN NGA SEN SIE 26 ANG 29 ALD COM MAU SEY 34 IRN 40 IND 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BAH CAY CUB CUR GDL HIS JAM PUE STM STV TCI TRT VIR 82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplanthera beaudettei Hartog; Pacif. Naturalist 1(15): 4 (1960)
= Diplanthera dawsonii Hartog; Pacif. Naturalist 1(15): 6 (1960)
= Diplanthera wrightii (Asch.) Asch.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], Nachtr., 37 (1897)
= Halodule beaudettei (Hartog) Hartog; Blumea 12: 303 (1964)
= Halodule brasiliensis Lipkin; Revista Brasil. Biol. 40(1): 86 (1980)
species :
Halodule ×serratifolia Ohba & Miyata ex Kadono; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 4a: 17 (2020)
Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.
38 NNS
Remarks: Halodule pinifolia x H. uninervis
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.05 (May 20th, 2026)

Covering 359,646 accepted species,
8,890 hybrids, 47,679 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,012,517 synonyms,
in total 1,428,732* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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