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478.0000 Family Convolvulaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 132 (1789), nom. cons.
58 genera, ca. 1900 spp. Latest phylogeny: Simões et al. (2022), which will not be the last word in a rapidly changing system.
Species listed in database: 1959; hybrids: 15
= Cressaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 8: 270 (1821)
= Cuscutaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 20, 25 (1829), nom. cons.
= Dichondraceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 20, 24 (1829), nom. cons.
= Erycibaceae Endl. ex Meisner; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 272, Comm. 185 (1840)
= Evolvulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 2: 130, 132 (1825)
= Humbertiaceae Pichon; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 13: 23 (1947), nom. cons.
= Poranaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 364 (1858)
478.5306 Genus Hewittia Wight & Arn.; Madras J. Lit. Sci., Ser. 1, 5: 22 (1837)
Distribution: Tropical Africa, tropical and E-Asia. Phylogenetic position still uncertain.
Species listed in database: 1
= Eremosperma Chiov.; Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. 4, 7 (Fl. Somala III): 143 (1936)
= Kethosia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 78 (1836)
= Palmia Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher] 653 (1839), nom. superfl.
= Sanilum Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1836), nomen prius
= Shutereia Choisy; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 486 (Conv. Or. 103) (1833)
species :
Hewittia malabarica (L.) Suresh; Interpr. Van Rheede´s Hort. Malab. 88 (1988)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; ?Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Pemba Isl.; Tanzania; Zanzibar; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Yemen (W-Yemen); China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, West Bengal); Maldives; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans); Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Melaka, Perlis, Kelantan); Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Philippines (throughout); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Jamaica [I]; Martinique [I]
22 BEN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 24 ETH SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 MDG 35 YEM 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN IND MDV SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SCS SUL 81 jam mar
Synonyms: hidden
= Aniseia afzelii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 295 (1837)
= Aniseia bracteata (Vahl) Hassk.; Pl. Jav. Rar. [Hasskarl] 516 (1848)
= Argyreia malabarica (L.) Arn. ex Choisy; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: [Conv. Or.] 38 (1834)
= Bonamia volkensii Dammer; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 329 (1895)
= Calystegia keriana Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 287 (1826)
= Convolvulus bicolor Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 25 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Convolvulus bracteatus Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 25 (1794)
= Convolvulus hederaceus Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 90 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Convolvulus involucratus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. 4: t. 318 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Convolvulus involucratus WIlld.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 845 (1798)
= Convolvulus malabaricus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 155 (1753)
= Convolvulus rottleri Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 61 (1827)
= Convolvulus scandens J.Koenig ex Milne; Descr. Cat. Rar. Pl. 2 (1773)
= Convolvulus scandens Milne; Descr. Cat. Rar. Pl. 29, [68] (1773)
= Convolvulus schultesii Weinw. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 411 (1841), nom. inval.
= Convolvulus sublobatus L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 135 (1782 publ. 1782)
= Convolvulus timorensis D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 667 (1839)
= Eremosperma puccionianum Chiov.; Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. 4, 7 (Fl. Somala III): 143 (1936)
= Hewittia asperifolia Klotzsch; Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 242 (1861)
= Hewittia barbeyana Chodat & Roulet; Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 191 (1893)
= Hewittia bicolor (Vahl) Wight & Arn.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 1(5): 22 (1837)
= Hewittia bicolor f. minor De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 547 (1922)
= Hewittia hirta Klotzsch; Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 6(Bot. 1): 243 (1861)
= Hewittia puccioniana (Chiov.) Verdc.; Webbia 13: 322 (1958)
= Hewittia scandens (Milne) Mabb.; Bot. Hist. Hort. Malabaricus [K.S.Manilal] 84 (1980)
= Hewittia sublobata (L.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 441 (1891)
= Ipomoea benguelensis Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 69 (1894)
= Ipomoea bicolor (Vahl) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 289 (1826)
= Ipomoea bracteata Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 227 (1819), nom. illeg.
= Ipomoea malabarica (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 235 (1819)
= Ipomoea pandurifolia E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 195 (1843), nomen
= Ipomoea phyllosepala Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 69 (1894)
= Ipomoea schultesii Weinm. ex Choisy; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 395, 435 (1845)
= Ipomoea teretistigma Choisy; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 373 (1845)
= Ipomoea weinmannii Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 243 (1819)
= Kethosia involucrata (Willd.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 78 (1838)
= Palmia bicolor (Choisy) Endl. ex Dalzell & Gibson; Bombay Fl. [Dalzell & Gibson] 163 (1861)
= Sanilum bicolor Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1836), nomen
= Sanilum bracteatum Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838), nomen
= Shutereia bicolor (Vahl) Choisy; Mem. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 486 (1833)
= Shutereia sublobata (L.f.) House; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 318 (1906)
= Tirtalia malabarica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 71 (1836)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 25.11 (Nov. 11th, 2025)

Covering 357,753 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
in total 1,419,578* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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