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466.0000 Family Apiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 21 (1836), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 460 - 480 genera, ca. 3900 spp. Phylogeny still partially incomplete, taken from recent partial revisions (Downie et al. etc.), and Clarkson et al. (2021) who do cover only 290 genera. Genus circumscriptions mostly following Kubitzki (ed., 2018)
Species listed in database: 3911; hybrids: 17
= Actinotaceae Konstant. & Melikyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 90: 1763 (2005)
= Ammiaceae Bercht. & C.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Angelicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 29 (1820)
= Bupleuraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Caucalidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Coriandraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 783, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Daucaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 183 (1820)
= Eryngiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Ferulaceae Sacc.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 214 (1872)
= Imperatoriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 328 (1820)
= Lagoeciaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Mackinlayaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: lii (2001)
= Pastinacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 457 (1820)
= Pimpinellaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Saniculaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Scandicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Selinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Sileraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Smyrniaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Umbelliferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 218 (1789), nom. cons.
466.7703 Genus Hymenidium Lindl.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 233 (1835)
Distribution: Himalayas. The genus in its current circumscription is highly polyphyletic (Zhou et al. 2022, Peng et al. 2023) and needs rearrangement. Several species have been backintegrated into Pleurospermum by Peng et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 24
= Renarda Regel; Izv. Imp. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ. 34(2): 5 (1882)
species :
Hymenidium album (C.B.Clarke ex H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 549 (2000)
Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum album C.B.Clarke ex H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27(726-733): 113-114 (1929)
species :
Hymenidium amabile (Craib & W.W.Sm.) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 545 (2000)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, W-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Chumbi)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND
Remarks: belongs in another genus in the East Asian (Physospermopsis) clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum amabile Craib ex W.W.Sm.; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 26(2): 154-155 (1913)
species :
Hymenidium astrantioideum (H.Boissieu) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 117 (7-8): 545 (2006)
Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum astrantioideum (H.Boissieu) K.T.Fu & Y.G.Hoo; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 55(1): 178, t. 94 (1979)
= Pleurospermum thalictrifolium H.Wolff; Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 297 (1926)
= Trachydium astrantioideum H.Boissieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 422 (1906)
species :
Hymenidium brunonis (Wall. ex DC.) Lindl.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 233 (1835)
Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim)
40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenolaena brunonis Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 245 (1830)
= Ligusticum brunonis Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 17, no. 545 (1829), nomen
= Pleurospermum brunonis (Wall. ex DC.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 706 (1879)
species :
Hymenidium chloroleucum (Diels) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 548 (2000)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Ligusticum sikiangense M.Hiroe; Umbelliferae Asia [Hiroe] 1: 107 (1958)
= Pleurospermum affine H.Wolff; Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 295 (1926)
= Pleurospermum markgrafianum H.Wolff; Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 294 (1926)
= Pleurospermum pseudoinvolucratum H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 119 (1929)
= Pleurospermum tibetanicum H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 448 (1922)
= Pleurospermum yulungense C.Y.Wu; Index Fl. Yunnan. 1: 923 (1984)
= Trachydium chloroleucum Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 290 (1912)
species :
Hymenidium corydalifolium (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 547 (2000)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Wakhan); Pakistan (Kurram); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
34 AFG 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenolaena corydalifolia (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Rech.f. & Riedl; Biol. Skr. 13(4) [Symb. Afghan. 5]: 88 (1963)
= Pleurospermum corydalifolium Aitch. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 62 (1880)
species :
Hymenidium densiflorum Lindl.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 233 (1835)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenidium suaveolens Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 148 (1862)
= Pleurospermum densiflorum (Lindl.) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 706 (1879)
species :
Hymenidium hedinii (Diels) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 550 (2000)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, NW-Yunnan, Sichuan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: belongs in Physospermopsis fide Peng et al. 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Cortiella hedinii (Diels) C.Norman; J. Bot. 75: 95 (1937)
= Pleurospermum hedinii Diels; S. Tibet [Hedin] 6(3): 52 (1922)
species :
Hymenidium heterosciadium (H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 548 (2000)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Physospermopsis fuscopurpurea (Hand.-Mazz.) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 538 (2000)
= Pleurospermum heterosciadium H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21(588-600): 243 (1925)
= Trachydium fuscopurpureum Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(3): 711 (1933)
species :
Hymenidium huzhihaoi Pimenov & Kljuykov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 89(10): 1659 (2004)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Hymenidium ladyginii Pimenov & Kljuykov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 96(5): 649 (2011)
Distribution: China (Qinghai)
36 CHI
Remarks: needs transfer in a new genus close to Pachypleurum
species :
Hymenidium lecomteanum (H.Wolff) comb.ined.
Distribution: China (SE-Qinghai, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: separate from H. wilsonii fide Zhou et al. 2022
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum lecomteanum H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 116 (1929), as ´lecomtianum´
species :
Hymenidium lhasanum Pimenov & Kljuykov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 89(10): 1657 (2004)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: belongs in a separate genus
species :
Hymenidium macrochlaenum (K.T.Fu & Y.G.Hoo) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 543 (2000)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); SW-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum macrochlaenum K.T.Fu & Y.G.Hoo; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 55(1): 298 (1979)
species :
Hymenidium mieheanum Pimenov & Kljuykov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 89(10): 1661 (2004)
Distribution: Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: belongs in Pleurospermopsis fide Peng et al. 2023
species :
Hymenidium nubigenum (H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 549 (2000)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: belongs in another genus in the East Asian (Physospermopsis) clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum nubigenum H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 448 (1922)
species :
Hymenidium pachycaule Pimenov & Kljuykov; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 275 (1996)
Distribution: China (Gansu)
36 CHI
species :
Hymenidium pilosum (C.B.Clarke ex H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 546 (2000)
Distribution: Tibet; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum pilosum C.B.Clarke ex H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27(726-733): 117-118 (1929)
species :
Hymenidium pinnatum Priy.Bhandari & Bhaumik; J. Jap. Bot. 100(2): 125, f. 1-3 (2025)
Distribution: Sikkim
Error
species :
Hymenidium pulszkyi (Kanitz) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 544 (2000)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, NW-Yunnan, Sichuan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: belongs in another genus in the East Asian (Physospermopsis) clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenidium kansuense (H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 547 (2000)
= Pleurospermum kansuense H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 115 (1929)
= Pleurospermum pulszkyi Kanitz; Növényt. Gyujtesek Eredm. Grof Szechenyi Bela Keletazsiai Utjabol 25 (1891)
species :
Hymenidium stellatum (D.Don) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 549 (2000)
Distribution: SW-Tibet; Pakistan (Baltistan); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Zanskar)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenolaena govaniana Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 246 (1830)
= Hymenolaena stellata (D.Don) Lindl.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 233 (1835)
= Ligusticum govanianum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 546 (1829), et ex Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 246 (1830)
= Pleurospermum govanianum (DC.) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2(6): 702 (1879)
= Pleurospermum stellatum (D.Don) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 704 (1879)
= Selinum stellatum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 185 (1825)
species :
Hymenidium tsekuense (R.H.Shan) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 545 (2000)
Distribution: China (Qinghai)
36 CHI
Remarks: belongs in another genus in the East Asian (Physospermopsis) clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum tsekuense R.H.Shan; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 55(1): 298 (1979)
species :
Hymenidium virgatum Pimenov & Kljuykov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 89(10): 1654 (2004)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: belongs in another genus in the East Asian (Physospermopsis) clade
species :
Hymenidium wilsonii (H.Boissieu) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 111(7-8): 549 (2000)
Distribution: E-Tibet; Nepal
36 TIB 40 NEP
Remarks: belongs in Physospermopsis fide Peng et al. 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurospermum cnidiifolium H.Wolff; Acta Horti Gothob. 2(7): 292-293 (1926)
= Pleurospermum crassicaule H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21(588-600): 241 (1925)
= Pleurospermum wilsonii H.Boissieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 433 (1906)
= Pleurospermum wilsonii var. foliosum H.Boissieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 433 (1906)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.05 (May 20th, 2026)

Covering 359,646 accepted species,
8,890 hybrids, 47,679 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,012,517 synonyms,
in total 1,428,732* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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