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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.2106 Genus Hymenocoleus Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 274 (1975)
Distribution: Tropical Africa
Species listed in database: 12
species :
Hymenocoleus axillaris Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 17 (1977)
Distribution: Liberia; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 LBR 23 CMN CON GAB
Conservation Status: IUCN VU (Cameroon)
species :
Hymenocoleus barbatus Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 286 (1975)
Distribution: Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 CAB CMN CON GAB ZAI
Conservation Status: IUCN VU (Cameroon)
species :
Hymenocoleus glaber Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 14 (1977)
Distribution: Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]
23 CMN CON
Conservation Status: IUCN VU (Cameroon)
species :
Hymenocoleus globulifer Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 24 (1977)
Distribution: Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
species :
Hymenocoleus hirsutus (Benth.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 288 (1975)
Distribution: Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Uganda; Tanzania; Angola
22 GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE TOG 23 BIO CAB CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 24 SSU 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Geophila hirsuta Benth.; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 422 (1849)
= Geophila hirsuta f. brevifolia De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 2: 189 (1907)
= Geophila hirsuta f. stricta De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 2: 188 (1907)
= Geophila hirsuta var. hirsutissima De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 2: 188 (1907)
= Geophila pilosa A.Chev.; Fl. Afr. Centr., Énum. Pl. Récolt. 1: 162 (1913) (nomen)
species :
Hymenocoleus libericus (A.Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 291 (1975)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Uganda
22 GHA IVO LBR 23 CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 25 UGA
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
Synonyms: hidden
= Geophila liberica A.Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 128 (1931)
species :
Hymenocoleus multinervis Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 294 (1975)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana
22 GHA IVO LBR
species :
Hymenocoleus nervopilosus Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 10 (1977)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 IVO LBR 23 BIO CON GAB
variant :
var. orientalis Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 12 (1977)
Distribution: Cameroon; Gabon
23 CMN GAB
Conservation Status: IUCN VU (Cameroon)
species :
Hymenocoleus neurodictyon (K.Schum.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 291 (1975)
Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 BIO CAF CMN CON GAB PRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Geophila aurantiaca A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 344 (1920) (nomen)
= Geophila fissistipula K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 566 (1907)
= Geophila neurodictyon (K.Schum.) Hepper; Kew Bull. 16: 331 (1962)
= Psychotria neurodictyon K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 368 (1903)
variant :
var. orientalis (Verdc.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 300 (1975)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Tanzania
22 GHA IVO LBR 23 CMN CON ZAI 24 SSU 25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Geophila neurodictyon subsp. orientalis Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30: 267 (1975)
variant :
var. rhombicifolius Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45: 292 (1975)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
22 GHA IVO 23 ZAI
species :
Hymenocoleus rotundifolius (A.Chev. ex Hepper) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 287 (1975)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Uganda
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 CMN CON GAB ZAI 25 UGA
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
Synonyms: hidden
= Geophila rotundifolia A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 346 (1920) (nomen)
= Geophila rotundifolia A.Chev. ex Hepper; Kew Bull. 16: 331 (1962)
= Uragoga melanochlora K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 468 (1897)
species :
Hymenocoleus scaphus (K.Schum.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 22 (1977)
Distribution: Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 CAB CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenocoleus thollonii (De Wild.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45 (3-4): 283 (1975)
= Uragoga scaphus K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 104 (1899)
= Uragoga tholloni De Wild.; Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Sér. B, 55: 53 (1935)
species :
Hymenocoleus subipecacuanha (K.Schum.) Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47(1-2): 20 (1977)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
22 NGA 23 CMN ZAI
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
Synonyms: hidden
= Hymenocoleus petitianus Robbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 45: 286 (1975)
= Uragoga subipecacuanha K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 106 (1899)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life