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496.0000 Family Apocynaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 143 (1789), nom. cons.
372 genera, ca. 6500 spp. According to modern authors and PCR Asclepiadaceae is only a subfamily of Apocynaceae.
Species listed in database: 6774; hybrids: 10
= Asclepiadaceae Borkh.; Bot. Wörterb. 1: 31 (1797), nom. cons.
= Carissaceae Bertol; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 212 (1891)
= Cerberaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 119 (1820)
= Cynanchaceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han. 245, 251 (1836)
= Ophioxylaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 24 (1835)
= Pacouriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Periplocaceae Schltr.; Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 351 (1905), nom. cons.
= Plumeriaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Stapeliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Vincaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 299 (1818)
= Willughbeaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 256 (1858)
496.6322 Genus Leptadenia R.Br.; Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 34 (1809)
Distribution: N- and trop. Africa, Madagascar, Mascarene Isl., Arabian Peninsula, S-Asia to Burma
Species listed in database: 6
= Curinila Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 22 (1819)
= Reinera Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 33 (1818)
species :
Leptadenia arborea (Forssk.) Schweinf.; Arab. Pflanzennam. Aegypt., Alger. & Jemen 167 (1912)
Distribution: S-Algeria (Hoggar, Tassili); Egypt (Nile Valley); Mauritania; Mali; N-Burkina Faso; Niger; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad (incl. Tibesti, Ennedi); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen)
20 ALG EGY 22 BKN MLI MTN NGR 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynanchum arboreum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 53 (1775)
= Cynanchum heterophyllum Delile; Cent. Pl. Afr. Voy. Méroé 47 (1826)
= Leptadenia abyssinica Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1838)
= Leptadenia clavipes S.Moore; J. Bot. 50: 364 (1912)
= Leptadenia delilei Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1844), nom. superfl.
= Leptadenia forskalii Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 9: 269 (1838)
= Leptadenia heterophylla (Delile) Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 270 (1838)
= Leptadenia pallida Hochst. ex Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 629 (1844), nomen
= Leptadenia schimperiana Hochst.; nomen
species :
Leptadenia jazanica Masrahi; Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 22(5): 632 (2015)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia
35 SAU
species :
Leptadenia lanceolata (Poir.) Goyder; Kew Bull. 69(4)-9552: 1 (2014)
subspecies :
subsp. lanceolata
Distribution: Algeria; Libya; Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad (incl. Tibesti, Ennedi); Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya
20 ALG LBY 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asclepias tomentosa Thonn. ex Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1844), nom. inval.
= Cynanchum hastatum Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 273 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Cynanchum lanceolatum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 430 (1812)
= Cynanchum lancifolium Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 150 (1827)
= Cynanchum latifolium Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 150 (1827)
= Cynanchum scabrum Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 152 (1827)
= Leptadenia cordata Hochst. ex Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1838)
= Leptadenia hastata Vatke; Linnaea 40: 217 (1876)
= Leptadenia lancifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 269 (1838)
= Leptadenia lancifolia var. scabra (Schumach. & Thonn.) Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1844)
= Tylophora incana S.Brunner; Flora 23(2. Beibl.): 26 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. meridionalis (Goyder) Goyder; Kew Bull. 69(4)-9552: 1 (2014)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Leptadenia hastata subsp. meridionalis Goyder; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Apocyn. (Part 2) 212 (2012)
species :
Leptadenia madagascariensis Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 629 (1838)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mozambique Channel Isl. [Îles Éparses] (Juan de Nova Isl.)
29 COM MCI MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Leptadenia bojeriana Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 629 (1838)
species :
Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 270 (1838)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Valley, SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; N-Burkina Faso; Niger; Chad (widespread, incl. Tibesti, Ennedi); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab); India (Bihar, Delhi, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR 22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 34 IRN ISR JOR SIN 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynanchum pyrotechnicum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 53 (1775)
= Gymnema spartium (Wight) Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] sub no. 8199 (1847)
= Leptadenia gracilis Decne.; Gen. Hist. 4: 124, Decne. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 269 (1838)
= Leptadenia jacquemontiana Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 9: 270 (1838)
= Leptadenia spartium Wight; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 48 (1834)
= Microloma angustifolium Buch.-Ham. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 64 (1883)
= Microloma pyrotechnicum (Forssk.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 855 (1824)
= Periploca pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Spreng. ex Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 2: 258 (1831)
= Sarcostemma pyrotechnicum (Forssk.) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 116 (1820)
species :
Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.) Wight & Arn.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 47 (1834)
Distribution: Mauritius [I]; Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Laeeadive Isl., Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing); Cambodia; Vietnam
29 mau 40 BAN IND LDV NEP SRL 41 CBD MYA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Asclepias javanica Burm. ex Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1838)
= Asclepias suberosa Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 85 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 38 (1824)
= Asclepias volubilis Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 63 (1883), nom. inval.
= Asclepias zeylanica Burm. ex Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1844), nom. inval.
= Curinila rheedei Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 275 (1819)
= Curnilia sarmentosa Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 21 (1838)
= Cynanchum asthmaticum Buch.-Ham. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 63 (1883)
= Cynanchum ovatum Thunb.; Obs. Cynanch. 6 (1821)
= Cynanchum reticulatum Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 2: 15 (1781)
= Doemia reticulata (Retz.) Moon; Cat. Pl. Ceylon. 20 (1824)
= Gymnema aurantiacum Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 63 (1883)
= Leptadenia appendiculata Decne.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 628 (1844)
= Leptadenia brevipes Wight ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 63 (1883)
= Leptadenia imberbis Wight; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 48 (1834)
= Reinera baypinensis Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 33 (1818)
= Secamone canescens Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 32: no. 3 (1815)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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