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512.0000 Family Acanthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 102 (1789) (´Acanthi´), nom. cons.
ca. 192 genera, ca. 5500 spp. Phylogeny: Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022
Species listed in database: 5597
= Avicenniaceae Miq.; Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 1: 353 (1845), nom. cons.
= Justiciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 60 (1838)
= Mendonciaceae Bremek.; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 56: 540 (1954)
= Meyeniaceae Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Nelsoniaceae (Nees) Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Thunbergiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 979 (1870)
512.5110 Genus Meiosperma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 64 (1836)
Distribution: E- and S-Tropical Africa. This contains "group I" of the former Monechma.
Species listed in database: 6
= Monechma Hochst.; Flora 24: 374 (1841)
species :
Meiosperma bracteatum (Hochst.) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 256 (2022)
Distribution: SE-D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Transvaal, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Yemen (Aden Desert, W-Yemen); India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
23 ZAI 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 35 SAU YEM 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicliptera blepharostegia (E.Mey.) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 95 (1845)
= Ecbolium blepharostegium (E.Mey.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 980 (1891)
= Justicia blepharostegia E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 195 (1843)
= Justicia bracteata (Hochst.) Zarb; Cat. Spec. Bot. Pfund: 32 (1879)
= Justicia debilis var. angustifolia (Nees) Oliv.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 29: 129 (1873)
= Justicia ellisii Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 25 (2009), nom. nov. superfl.
= Justicia heterostegia T.Thoms.; J. Discov. Source Nile [Speke] 643 (1863)
= Justicia ukambensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 69 (1894)
= Monechma affine Hochst.; Flora 26: 76 (1843)
= Monechma angustifolium Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 412 (1847)
= Monechma bracteatum Hochst.; Flora 24: 375 (1841)
= Monechma bracteatum var. angustifolium (Nees) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma bracteatum var. non-strobilifera C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma scabrinerve C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma ukambense (Lindau) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 220 (1900)
species :
Meiosperma carnosum (Hedrén) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 257 (2022)
Distribution: S-Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Justicia carnosa Hedrén; Willdenowia 36(2): 752 (2006)
species :
Meiosperma debile (Forssk.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 64 (1836)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Saudi Arabia; Yemen
24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dianthera debilis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 9 (1775)
= Ecbolium debile (Forssk.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 980 (1891)
= Gendarussa debilis (Forssk.) Nees; Linnaea 16: 302 (1842)
= Justicia alba Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 731 (1847), nom. illeg.
= Meiosperma debile (Forssk.) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 257 (2022), isonym
= Justicia debilis (Forssk.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 633 (1785)
= Justicia debilis (Forssk.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 2: 15 (1791), isonym
= Justicia gregorii S.Moore; J. Bot. 32: 138 (1894)
= Justicia rupestris Hochst. ex Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 439 (1847), pro syn.
= Justicia somalensis Franch.; Sert. Somal. [Révoil, ed.] 53 (1882) (tentative synonym)
= Monechma bracteatum var. hirsutior C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma bracteatum var. strictum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma debile (Forssk.) Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 411 (1847)
= Monechma debile var. bracteosum Nees; Index Sem. (Breslau) 1845: 3 (1846)
= Monechma troglodyticum Chiov.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1941: 174 (1941)
species :
Meiosperma eminii (Lindau) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 258 (2022)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Justicia eminii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 68 (1894)
= Monechma bracteatum var. eciliatum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 215 (1900)
= Monechma debile var. eciliatum (C.B.Clarke) Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 26: 161 (1919)
species :
Meiosperma monechmoides (S.Moore) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 258 (2022)
Distribution: Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Justicia monechmoides S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 311 (1880)
= Monechma monechmoides (S.Moore) Hutch.; Botanist S. Afr. 524 (1946), in adnot.
= Monechma spissum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 219 (1900) (tentative synonym)
= Monechma tettense C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 216 (1900)
= Monechma welwitschii C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 216 (1900), nom. superfl.
species :
Meiosperma tetrasperma (Hedrén) I.Darbysh. & E.A.Tripp; Kew Bull. 77: 258 (2022)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Justicia tetrasperma Hedrén; Nordic J. Bot. 10(2): 151 (1990)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life