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045.0000 Family Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 711 (1970)
3-34 genera (depending on genus concept), 1100-1200 spp. The genus concepts were wildly fluctuating and disputed, from the inclusion of everything into one monster genus Thelypteris to the split of over 30 genera. We use the new genus concept by Fawcett & Smith (2021), which is based on molecular results and adopts a compromise approachl
Species listed in database: 1181; hybrids: 39
045.2013 Genus Mesophlebion Holttum; Blumea 19: 29 (1971)
Distribution: Malesia, S-Indochina
Species listed in database: 17
= Mesoneuron Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 325 (1963), excl. M. attenuatum
= Thelypteris subgen.Glaphyropteridopsis sect.Mesoneuron K.Iwats.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 31: 30 (1964)
species :
Mesophlebion arenicola Holttum; Blumea 22: 228 (1975)
Distribution: C-Sumatera
42 SUM
Conservation Status: only known from 3 collections
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus arenicola (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 44 (2013)
= Thelypteris arenicola (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 27 (2018)
species :
Mesophlebion auriculiferum (Alderw.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 231 (1975)
Distribution: NE-Sumatera (Lingga Arch.)
42 SUM
Conservation Status: only known from type
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus auriculifer (Alderw.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 15 (2013)
= Dryopteris auriculifera Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 3, 5: 197 (1922)
= Thelypteris auriculifera (Alderw.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 250 (1941)
species :
Mesophlebion beccarianum (Ces.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 230 (1975), et Webbia 30(1): 194 (1976)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (south of Peninsula); Borneo (W-Kalimantan, Sarawak); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 BOR MLY NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris beccariana (Ces.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 254 (1905)
= Dryopteris pallescens Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 88 (1920)
= Lastrea beccariana (Ces.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947), isonym
= Lastrea beccariana (Ces.) Ridl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 9: 257 (1916)
= Lastrea pallescens (Brause) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 78: 426 (1951)
= Mesophlebion pallescens (Brause) Holttum; Blumea 22: 230 (1975)
= Nephrodium beccarianum Ces.; Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Napoli 7(8): 23 (1876)
= Thelypteris beccariana (Ces.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 263 (1968)
= Thelypteris pallescens (Brause) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 253 (1941)
species :
Mesophlebion caroli Holttum; Blumea 22: 227 (1975)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Conservation Status: only known from 2 collections
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus caroli (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Thelypteris caroli (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 28 (2018)
species :
Mesophlebion chlamydophorum (Rosenst. ex C.Chr.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 321 (1975)
Distribution: S-Myanmar; peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan)
41 MYA THA 42 BOR MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris chlamydophora Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 31: 6 (1917) (nomen) ex C. Chr., Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 4: 384 (1929)
= Lastrea chlamydophora (Rosenst. ex C.Chr.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947)
= Lastrea nephrodioides Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India, t. 199 (1866) (non Moore (1858))
= Mesoneuron chlamydophorum (Rosenst. ex C.Chr.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 325 (1963)
= Thelypteris chlamydophora (Rosenst. ex C.Chr.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 287 (1936)
species :
Mesophlebion crassifolium (Blume) Holttum; Blumea 22: 232 (1975)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia; Sumatera; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Jawa; Moluccas (Seram, etc.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain)
42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 43 BIS
Remarks: a polyphyletic species (Sulawesi and Indonesia vs. Philippines), needs splitting.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium crassifolium Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 158 (1828)
= Aspidium latum Kunze; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(2) [Pheg. u. Asp.]: 95 (1858), reimpr., nom. nud.
= Cyclosorus crassifolius (Blume) S.Linds.; Edinburgh J. Bot. 66(2): 359 (2009)
= Dryopteris crassifolia (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris divergens Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 218 (1914)
= Dryopteris subdimorpha Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 220 (1942)
= Lastrea crassifolia (Blume) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 89 (1858)
= Lastrea divergens (Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947)
= Lastrea lata J.Sm.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 412 (1841), nom. nud.
= Lastrea similis J.Sm.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 412 (1841), nom. nud.
= Lastrea subdimorpha (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 140 (1947)
= Mesoneuron crassifolium (Blume) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 325 (1963)
= Nephrodium crassifolium (Blume) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 4: 114 (1862)
= Thelypteris crassifolia (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 285 (1936)
= Thelypteris divergens (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 273 (1968)
= Thelypteris subdimorpha (Copel.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 317 (1968)
species :
Mesophlebion dulitense Holttum; Blumea 22: 229 (1975)
Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus dulitensis (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 45 (2013)
= Thelypteris dulitensis (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 29 (2018)
species :
Mesophlebion echinatum (Mett) Holttum; Blumea 22: 226 (1975)
Distribution: N-Sumatera; Borneo (Kalimantan, Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium echinatum Mett.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 230 (1863)
= Dryopteris echinata (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Lastrea echinata (Mett.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 138 (1947)
= Mesoneuron echinatum (Mett.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Nephrodium echinatum (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 266 (1867)
= Thelypteris echinata (Mett.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 274 (1968)
species :
Mesophlebion endertii (C.Chr.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 228 (1975)
Distribution: Borneo (E-Kalimantan)
42 BOR
Conservation Status: only known from type
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris endertii (C.Chr.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 29 (2018)
= Dryopteris endertii C.Chr.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 9(3): 60, pl. V, f. 7-10 (1937)
species :
Mesophlebion falcatilobum Holttum; Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1(5): 382 (1982)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Mt. Mulu)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Thelypteris falcatiloba (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 30 (2018)
variant :
var. apiculatum Holttum; Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1(5): 382 (1982)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Mt. Mulu)
42 BOR
Conservation Status: only known from type
species :
Mesophlebion hallieri (Christ) Holttum; Blumea 22: 227 (1975)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium hallieri Christ; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 20: 106 (1905)
= Dryopteris hallieri (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 269 (1905)
= Lastrea hallieri (Christ) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 139 (1947)
= Mesoneuron hallieri (Christ) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Thelypteris hallieri (Christ) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 281 (1968)
species :
Mesophlebion motleyanum (Hook. ex Hook. & Baker) Holttum; Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 209 (1974)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo (Sabah, Kalimantan); Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SNG SUM
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspidium motleyanum Hook. ex C.Chr.; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Ser. 2, 6: 105 (1905)
= Dryopteris crassifolia var. motleyana (Hook. ex C.Chr.) Alderw.; Malayan Ferns 182 (1908)
= Dryopteris motleyana (Hook. ex C.Chr.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 278 (1905)
= Dryopteris motleyana var. dulitensis C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 4: 386 (1929)
= Dryopteris vinosicarpa Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 3, 5: 198 (1922)
= Lastrea motleyana (Hook. ex C.Chr.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 139 (1947)
= Mesoneuron motleyanum (Hook. ex C.Chr.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Mesophlebion vinosicarpum (Alderw.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 229 (1975)
= Nephrodium motleyanum Hook.; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 266 in adnota (1867), nomen
= Thelypteris crassifolia var. motleyana Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 286 (1936)
= Thelypteris eowynae Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 29 (2018), nom. nov. for Nephrodium motleyanum Hook.
= Thelypteris motleyana (Hook. ex C.Chr.) Holttum; Rev. Fl. Malaya 2: 247, f. 140 (1955)
= Thelypteris vinosicarpa (Alderw.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 255 (1941)
species :
Mesophlebion oligodictyon (Baker) Holttum; Blumea 22: 227 (1975)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrostichum oligodictyon Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 261 (1887)
= Cyclosorus oligodictyos (Baker) Holttum; Blumea 11: 530 (1962)
= Dryopteris oligodictyos (Baker) C.Chr.; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 7(2): 148 (1928)
= Leptochilus oligodictyos (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 387 (1905)
= Syngramma angusta Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 348 (1909)
= Thelypteris oligodictyos (Baker) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 298 (1968)
species :
Mesophlebion persquamiferum (Alderw.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 226 (1975)
Distribution: C-Sulawesi
42 SUL
Conservation Status: only known from 2 collections
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus persquamifer (Alderw.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 28 (2013)
= Dryopteris persquamifera Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 16: 10 (1914)
= Mesoneuron persquamiferum (Alderw.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Thelypteris persquamifera (Alderw.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 36 (2018)
species :
Mesophlebion rufescens Holttum; Blumea 22: 230 (1975)
Distribution: SE-Sulawesi; Philippines (Biliran, Luzon); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, Sudest Isl., Geelvink Bay)
42 NWG PHI SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus rufescens (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Thelypteris rufescens (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 37 (2018)
species :
Mesophlebion teuscheri (Alderw.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 228 (1975)
Distribution: W-Borneo
42 BOR
Conservation Status: known only from type collection
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris teuscheri Alderw.; Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 18: 6 (1908)
= Lastrea teuscheri (Alderw.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 140 (1947)
= Mesoneuron teuscheri (Alderw.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Thelypteris teuscheri (Alderw.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 319 (1968)
species :
Mesophlebion trichopodum (C.Chr.) Holttum; Blumea 22: 226 (1975), et Webbia 30(1): 194 (1976)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia; Sumatera; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan); Brunei; Sulawesi
42 BOR BRN MLY SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryopteris paleata Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 9: 228 (1914)
= Dryopteris polytricha Alderw.; Malayan Ferns 187 (1909)
= Dryopteris trichopoda C.Chr.; Index Filic. 298 (1905)
= Lastrea paleata (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 139 (1947)
= Mesoneuron paleatum (Copel.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Mesoneuron trichopodum (C.Chr.) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 326 (1963)
= Nephrodium polytrichum Baker; J. Bot. 29: 107 (1891) (non Schrad. (1824))
= Thelypteris paleata (Copel.) Holttum; Rev. Fl. Malaya 2: 249, f. 141 (1955)
= Thelypteris trichopoda (C.Chr.) K.Iwats. & M.Kato; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 31(4-6): 174 (1980)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life