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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.8915 Genus Paracephaelis Baill.; Adansonia 12: 316 (1879)
Distribution: Madagascar, 1 sp. to Seychelles, Mozambique
Species listed in database: 18
= Homolliella Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 16 (1960)
species :
Paracephaelis aristata De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 23 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis bardotiae De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 25 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis capitulifera De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 27 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block; Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 73: 100 (2003)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Chomelia cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) Dubard & Dop; J. Bot. [Morot] Sér. 2, 3: 11 (1925)
= Ixora cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) Drake; Hist. Phys. Madagascar [Grandidier] 36: t. 421 (1897)
= Pavetta cinerea A.Rich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 492 (1830), A. Rich., Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5: 181 (1834)
= Pavetta glauca Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 172 (1837), nom. inval.
= Tarenna cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) Bremek.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 7, 189 (1934), nom. illeg.
= Tarenna cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) Homolle; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 607 (1938 publ. 1939)
= Tarenna spodia Bremek.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 96 (1939)
= Webera hispidula Baker; J. Bot. 20: 137 (1882)
species :
Paracephaelis comorensis De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 38 (2022)
Distribution: Comoros
Error
species :
Paracephaelis gautieri De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 42 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis grandifructa De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 45 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis longipedicellata De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 48 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis orientalis De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 52 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis pauciflora De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 55 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis ranirisonii De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 59 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis russata De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 62 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis sambavensis De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 65 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block; Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 73(1): 100 (2003)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Myonima velutina Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 508 (1895)
= Tarenna saxatilis (Scott Elliot) Homolle; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 607 (1938)
= Tarenna velutina (Cordem.) Verdc.; Kew Bull. 37(4): 561 (1983)
= Webera saxatilis Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 25 (1893)
species :
Paracephaelis sericea (Arènes) De Block; Taxon 64(1): 92 (2015)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Homolliella sericea Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 17 (1960)
species :
Paracephaelis seyrigii De Block; Eur. J. Taxon. 810: 77 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis tiliacea Baill.; Adansonia 12: 316 (1879)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Paracephaelis trichantha (Baker) De Block; Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 73: 100 (2003)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Comores; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Asuncio Isl., Cosmoledo Isl., Astove Isl.)
25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 29 ALD COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Pavetta trichantha Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 148 (1893)
= Tarenna trichantha (Baker) Bremek.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 207 (1934)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life