492.0000
Family
Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.7505
Genus
Peponidium (Baill.) Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 25 (1960)
Distribution: Comores, Madagascar (45)
Species listed in database: 51
species :
Peponidium alleizettei
(Dubard & Dop) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium alleizettei (Dubard & Dop) Cavaco; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 7: 358 (1967)
= Pyrostria alleizettei Dubard & Dop; J. Bot. [Morot] 1910-13, Ser. II. 3: 24 (1925)
species :
Peponidium ankaranense
(Arènes ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium ankaranense Arènes ex Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 39: 1018 (1968)
species :
Peponidium anoveanum
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium anoveanum Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 220 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium arenesianum
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium arenesianum Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 39: 1015 (1968)
species :
Peponidium bakerianum
(Drake) Kainul. & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 282(4): 269 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium bakerianum Drake; Hist. Phys. Madagascar [Grandidier] 36, Hist. Nat. Pl. 6, Atlas 4: t. 437 (1897)
species :
Peponidium blepharodon
(Arènes ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium blepharodon Arènes ex Cavaco; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 7: 358 (1967)
species :
Peponidium boinense
(Arènes ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium boinense Arènes ex Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 39: 1019 (1968)
species :
Peponidium boivinianum
(Baker) A.P.Davis & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 10: 46 (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia boiviniana Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 411 (1886)
species :
Peponidium bosseri
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium bosseri Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 224 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium buxifolium
(Baker) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 517 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium buxifolium (Baker) Cavaco; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 7: 358 (1967), nom. illeg.
= Plectronia buxifolia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 411 (1886)
= Pyrostria buxifolia (Baker) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11/12: 99(65) (1908)
= Pyrostria buxifolia (Baker) Hochr. ex Dubard & Dop; J. Bot. [Morot] 1910-13, Ser. II. 3: 23 (1925)
= Pyrostria buxifolia var. uniflora Dubard & Dop; J. Bot. [Morot] 23: 24 (1913)
species :
Peponidium calcaratum
Homolle ex Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 39 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium calciphilum
De Block; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 159(2): 258 (2026)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium capuronii
Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 41: 372 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium carinatum
(Baker) Kainul. & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 282(4): 268 (2016)
Distribution: Seychelles
29 SEY
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium carinatum (Baker) Summerh.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 391 (1928)
= Plectronia acuminata Baker; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 147 (1877)
= Plectronia carinata Baker; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 147 (1877)
species :
Peponidium celastroides
(Baker) Kainul. & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 282(4): 268 (2016)
Distribution: Seychelles
29 SEY
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium sechellense Summerh.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 391 (1928), nom. nov.
= Plectronia celastroides Baker; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 146 (1877)
species :
Peponidium crassifolium
Lantz, Klack. & Razafim.; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(1): 131 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium cuspidatum
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 38 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium cystiporon
(Bynum ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium cystiporon Bynum ex Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 229 1970-71 (1972)
species :
Peponidium decaryi
(Homolle ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium decaryi Homolle ex Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 221 1970-71 (1972)
species :
Peponidium densiflorum
(Baker) A.P.Davis & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 10: 47 (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia densiflora Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 167 (1884)
species :
Peponidium flavum
Homolle ex Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 32 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium homolleae
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 38 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium homolleanum
(Cavaco) Kainul. & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 282(4): 269 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium homolleanum Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 226 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium horridum
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 33 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium horridum Baill.; Adansonia 12: 197 (1879), nom. illeg.
species :
Peponidium humbertianum
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium humbertianum Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 222 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
= Canthium humbertianum var. humblotianum Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 224 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium humbertii
Homolle ex Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 40 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium ihosyense
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 39 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium lanceolatifolium
Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 41: 373 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium latiflorum
(Homolle ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium latiflorum Homolle ex Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 221 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium leroyi
Klack. & Razafim.; Candollea 79(1): 58 (2024)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium madagascariense
Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 41: 373 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Peponidium madagascariense var. capuronii Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 41: 373 (1969)
species :
Peponidium marojejyense
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium marojejyense Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 227 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium micranthum
(Baker) A.P.Davis & Razafim.; Phytotaxa 10: 47 (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia micrantha Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 483 (1887)
species :
Peponidium occidentale
Homolle ex Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 32 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium orientale
(Arènes) Cavaco; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 41: 372 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Peponidium pallens f. orientale Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 41 (1960)
species :
Peponidium ovato-oblongum
(K.Schum.) Mouly; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 31(1): 200 (2009)
Distribution: Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Psychotria ovato-oblonga K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 96 (1899)
= Peponidium comorense Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 37 (1960)
species :
Peponidium pallens
(Baill.) Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 40 (1960) et emend.
Distribution: Madagascar (Nosi Be Isl.)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium macrocarpum Boivin ex Baill.; Adansonia 12: 226 (1879), pro syn.
= Canthium pallens Baill.; Adansonia 12: 226 (1878)
= Peponidium pallens var. boivinianum Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 41 (1960)
species :
Peponidium pallidum
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 30 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium parvifolium
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 30 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium perrieri
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 34 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium pervilleanoides
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 35 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium pervilleanum
(Baill.) Homolle ex Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 36 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium pervilleanum Baill.; Adansonia 12: 197 (1878)
= Clusiophyllea pervilleana (Baill.) Baill.; Adansonia 12: 197 (1878)
= Peponidium nossibeense Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 37 (1960)
species :
Peponidium sahafaryense
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium sahafaryense Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 225 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium sakalavense
Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium tsaratananense Homolle ex Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 230 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium sessile
Klack. & Razafim.; Candollea 79(1): 60 (2024)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium subevenium
(K.Schum.) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Plectronia subevenia K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 78 (1899)
= Pyrostria subevenia (K.Schum.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11/12: 99 (65) (1908)
species :
Peponidium tamatavense
(Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium tamatavense Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 225 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Peponidium tsaratananense
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 38 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. tsaratananense
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
subspecies :
subsp. ankahitra
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 38 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium velutinum
Arènes; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 34 (1960)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Peponidium venulosum
(Boivin ex Baill.) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 518 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium venulosum Boivin ex Baill.; Adansonia 12: 221 (1878)
species :
Peponidium viguieri
(Homolle ex Cavaco) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer; Novon 17(4): 519 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium viguieri Homolle ex Cavaco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 11(3-4): 227 (1970-1971 publ. 1972)
