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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.1601 Genus Perama Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 54, t. 18 (1775)
Distribution: Tropical America
Species listed in database: 14
= Buchia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 269, t. 132 (1817)
= Mattuschkaea Schreb.; Gen. Pl., ed. 8[a]: 788 (1791)
species :
Perama carajensis J.H.Kirkbr.; Acta Amazonica 10: 109 (1980)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará)
84 BRA
species :
Perama dichotoma Poepp.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Poeppig & Endlicher] 3: 29 (1841)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Perama dichotoma var. hirsutula Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 236.(1963)
= Perama dichotoma var. scaposa (Gleason & Standl.) Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 236 (1963)
= Perama scaposa Gleason & Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 7: 475 (1931)
variant :
var. monocephala Steyerm.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 657 (1987)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas)
82 VEN
species :
Perama galioides (Kunth) Poir.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 38: 414 (1825)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoátegui, Apure, Bolívar, Cojedes); Guyana; N-Brazil (Amazonas)
82 CLM GUY VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Mattuschkaea galioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 272 (1818)
= Mattuschkaea hispida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 271 (1818)
= Perama galioides f. cinerea Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 243 (1964)
= Perama galioides f. macrocephala Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 239 (1964)
= Perama galioides f. quaternata Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 239 (1964)
= Perama galioides var. densipila Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 244 (1963)
= Perama galioides var. hispida (Kunth) Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 241 (1963)
= Perama galioides var. intermedia Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 243 (1963)
= Perama galioides var. longiflora Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 241 (1963)
species :
Perama harleyi J.H.Kirkbr. & Steyerm.; Brittonia 29: 194 (1977)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Perama hirsuta Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 54 (1775)
Distribution: Trinidad; Colombia (Caquetá, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoátegui, Bolívar, Guárico, Monagas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo)
81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Mattuschkaea hirsuta (Aubl.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 11 (1794)
= Mattuschkaea incana Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 418 (1824)
= Mattuschkaea perama Schult.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 47 (1827)
= Perama ericoides Poepp.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Poeppig & Endlicher] 3: 29 (1841)
= Perama hirsuta var. stricta (Benth.) Bremek.; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 31: 308 (1934)
= Perama hispida Poir.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 38: 414 (1825)
= Perama setulosa Miq.; Linnaea 18: 617 (1844)
= Perama stricta Benth.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 239 (1841)
species :
Perama holosericea (Naudin) Wurdack & Steyerm.; Bradea 1(16): 151 (1972)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Microlicea holosericea Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 3: 182 (1845)
= Perama vellerea K.Schum. ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 364 (1907)
species :
Perama humilis Benth.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 239 (1841)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
species :
Perama irwiniana J.H.Kirkbr. & Steyerm.; Brittonia 29: 195 (1977)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Perama mexiae Standl. ex Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10(5): 246 (1963)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Perama parviflora (Standl.) J.H.Kirkbr. & Steyerm.; Brittonia 29: 195 (1977)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Limnosipanea parviflora Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 220 (1936)
species :
Perama plantaginea (Kunth) Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 148 (1873)
Distribution: Colombia (Guainía, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas); N-Brazil (Amazonas)
82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Buchia plantaginea Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: 270 (1817)
species :
Perama schultesii Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 832 (1972)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas)
82 CLM
species :
Perama sparsiflora Standl. ex Steyerm & J.H.Kirkbr.; Brittonia 29: 196 (1977)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Perama wurdackii Steyerm.; Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 25: 235 (1964)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life