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310.0000 Family Celastraceae R.Br.; Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 554 (1814), nom. cons.
ca. 100 genera, ca. 1280 spp. Phylogeny: Simmons et al. 2023
Species listed in database: 1334
= Brexiaceae Loudon; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 524 (1830)
= Canotiaceae Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 255 (1965)
= Cassiniaceae Sch.Bip.; Flora 35: 129 (1852)
= Chingithamnaceae Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 2: 126 (1932)
= Euonymaceae Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl; Přír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 2(110): 438, 439 (1825)
= Hippocrateaceae Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 18: 486 (1811), nom. cons.
= Lepuropetalaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 243 (1943)
= Parnassiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 456 (1820), nom. cons., Family
= Plagiopteraceae Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 266 (1965)
= Pottingeriaceae Takht.; Sist. Magnoliof. 212 (1987), Family
= Salaciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 101 (1838)
= Siphonodontaceae Gagnep. & Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 102 (1951), nom. cons.
= Stackhousiaceae R.Br.; Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 555 (1814), nom. cons.
310.7103 Genus Polycardia Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 377 (1789)
Distribution: Madagascar
Species listed in database: 4
= Florinda Noronha ex Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher] 1086 (1840)
species :
Polycardia aquifolium Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 8: 103 (1857)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. ilicifolia (Loes.) H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 10: 178 (1942)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycardia ilicifolia Loes.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 33 (1934)
species :
Polycardia lateralis O.Hoffm.; Sert. Pl. Madagasc. 12 (1881)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycardia baroniana Oliv.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 23: t. 2237 (1892)
= Polycardia centralis Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 354 (1894)
= Polycardia hildebrandtii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 276 (1881)
= Polycardia oblanceolata Loes.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 34 (1934)
= Polycardia oblonga Loes.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 33 (1934)
species :
Polycardia libera O.Hoffm.; Sert. Pl. Madagasc. 12 (1881)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Celastrus baccatus Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 11 (1893)
= Polycardia libera var. serratula Loes.; (1836)
species :
Polycardia phyllanthoides Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2: 100, t. 132 (1793)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Florinda anthophylla Noronha ex Tul.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 8: 101 (1857)
= Polycardia epiphylla Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 28: no. 1 (1814)
= Polycardia madagascariensis J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 2(1): 407 (1791)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 13th, 2026)

Covering 359,059 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,135 synonyms,
in total 1,422,813* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life