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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.8908 Genus Rutidea DC.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 9: 219 (1807)
Distribution: Tropical Africa (20), Madagascar
Species listed in database: 23
species :
Rutidea decorticata Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 190 (1877)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
22 NGA 23 BIO CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea lasiosiphon K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 464 (1897)
= Rutidea landolphioides Wernham; J. Bot. 55: 81 (1917)
species :
Rutidea dupuisii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 2: 174 (1907)
subspecies :
subsp. dupuisii
Distribution: Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania
23 CAB CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea striatulata Pellegr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 83: 316 (1936)
subspecies :
subsp. occidentalis Bridson; Kew Bull. 33: 257 (1978)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Central African Republic
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 CAF
species :
Rutidea ferruginea Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 189 (1877)
Distribution: Gabon; Equatorial Guinea; Congo [Brazzaville]
23 CON EQG GAB
species :
Rutidea fuscescens Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 191 (1877)
subspecies :
subsp. fuscescens
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Pavetta corynostylis K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas [Engler] C 388 (1895)
= Pavetta zombana K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 85 (1905)
= Psychotria nigrifolia Gilib.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 77: 25 (1973)
= Rutidea odorata K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 150 (1909)
= Rutidea zombana (K.Schum.) Bremek.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 208 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. bracteata Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 276 (1978)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA
species :
Rutidea gabonensis Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 261 (1978)
Distribution: Gabon; Equatorial Guinea
23 EQG GAB
species :
Rutidea glabra Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 190 (1877)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 NGA 23 BIO CMN CON GAB
Synonyms: hidden
= Pavetta brachycoryne K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 81 (1899)
= Rutidea tarennoides Wernham; J. Bot. 57: 346 (1919)
species :
Rutidea gracilis Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 265 (1978)
subspecies :
subsp. gracilis
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
subspecies :
subsp. makokouensis Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 267 (1978)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
species :
Rutidea hirsuta Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 1: 491 (1898)
Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Angola
23 CAB CON ZAI 26 ANG
species :
Rutidea hispida Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 189 (1877)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; ?Central African Republic; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
22 IVO NGA 23 CMN GAB ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea pavettoides Wernham; J. Bot. 57: 345 (1919)
species :
Rutidea insculpta Mildbr. ex Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 263 (1978)
Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania
23 CON ZAI 25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea insculpta Mildbr.; Wiss. Ergebn. Zweit. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1910-11), Bot. 2: 14 (1922) (nomen)
= Rutidea kimuenzae Mildbr.; Wiss. Ergebn. Zweit. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1910-11), Bot. 2: 14 (1922), nomen
species :
Rutidea lujae De Wild.; Pl. Nov. Horti Then. 2: 115 (1910)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Rutidea membranacea Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 190 (1877)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Angola
22 BEN GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea obtusata K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 42 (1920)
= Rutidea schlechteri K.Schum.; Westafrik. Kautschuk-Exped. 1899-1900: 320 (1900), nomen
species :
Rutidea nigerica Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 258 (1978)
Distribution: Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; ?Central African Republic
22 BEN NGA 23 CMN
species :
Rutidea olenotricha Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 189 (1877)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; South Sudan; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 BIO BUR CAF CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 24 SSU 26 ANG ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea batesii Wernham; J. Bot. 57: 344 (1919)
species :
Rutidea orientalis Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 253 (1978)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
species :
Rutidea parviflora DC.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 9: 219 (1807)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; SW-Mali; SW-Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Equatorial Guinea; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
22 BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 EQG ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pavetta syringoides Webb; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2: 371 (1850)
= Rutidea kerstingii K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 151 (1909)
= Rutidea syringoides (Webb) Bremek.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 206 (1934)
= Tarenna pobeguinii Pobég.; Essai Fl. Guinée Franç. [Pobéguin] 311 (1906)
species :
Rutidea rufipilis Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 188 (1877)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 IVO NGA 23 CMN
species :
Rutidea seretii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 2: 175 (1907)
Distribution: Cameroon; D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 CMN ZAI
species :
Rutidea smithii Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 189 (1877)
subspecies :
subsp. smithii
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; São Tomé; Annobon Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D. R. Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia
22 BEN GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 ANN BIO CAB CAF CMN CON GAB SAO ZAI 24 SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Rutidea albiflora K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 87 (1899)
= Rutidea brachyantha K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 359 (1903)
= Rutidea breviflora De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 5: 430 (1932)
= Rutidea leucantha K.Schum. ex De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 3: 299 (1910), nomen
= Rutidea lomamiensis Bremek.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 22: 100 (1952)
= Rutidea smithii var. subcordata Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 82 (1895), nom. illeg.
= Rutidea smithii var. welwitschii Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 82 (1895)
= Rutidea tomentosa K.Schum.; Westafrik. Kautschuk-Exped. 1899-1900: 321 (1900), nomen
subspecies :
subsp. submontana (K.Krause) Bridson; Kew Bull. 33(2): 271 (1978)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Randia submontana K.Krause; Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1907-1908), Bot. 2: 319 (1911)
species :
Rutidea tenuicaulis K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 355 (1917)
Distribution: Cameroon
23 CMN
Remarks: status doubtful, insufficiently known
species :
Rutidea vanderystii Wernham; J. Bot. 56: 312 (1918)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Rutidea viridiflora Jongkind; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 159(1): 189 (2026)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
species :
Rutidea wieringae O.Lachenaud; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 159(1): 191 (2026)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life