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281.0000 Family Dipterocarpaceae Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 4: 222 (1825), nom. cons.
17 genera, ca. 540 spp. mostly SE-Asia, few Africa, 2 spp. tropical America
Species listed in database: 542
= Monotaceae Kosterm.; Taxon 38: 123 (1989)
281.2407 Genus Shorea Roxb. ex C.F.Gaertn.; Suppl. Carp. 47, t. 186 (1805) s. str.
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka eastward to S-China (1), Indochina, Malesia (163), Moluccas and Lesser Sunda Isl., Philippines.
Species listed in database: 50
= Caryolobis Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 215, t. 45 (1788)
= Isoptera Scheff. ex Burck; Minjak Tengkawang Planta. Ned.-Indie (1886) 27, et in Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg 6: 222 (1887)
= Pachychlamys Dyer ex Ridley; Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 233 (1922)
= Parahopea F.Heim; Rech. Dipterocarp. 66 (1892)
= Saul Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 84 (1834)
species :
Shorea altopoensis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 15: t. 232b (1890), et 17: t. 257a (1892)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
species :
Shorea arsorianoi H.G.Gut., Rojo & Madulid; Philipp. J. Syst. Biol. 4: 70 (2010)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
species :
Shorea asahi P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 279 (1962)
Distribution: NW-Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
species :
Shorea astylosa Foxw.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 188 (1918)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao, Luzon, Biliran, Samar, Negros, Mindanao)
42 PHI
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea atrinervosa Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 10: 363 (1939)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Pahang, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea biawak P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 281 (1962)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
species :
Shorea brunnescens P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 22: 283 (1967)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea calcicola P.S.Ashton; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 5: 485 (239-240) (2004)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea ciliata King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 118 (1893)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Penang and Main Range)
42 MLY
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea collina Ridl.; Agric. Bull. Straits Fed. Malay States 9: 182 (1910)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (East Coast, Terengganu southwards); +Singapore
42 MLY SNG
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea angustiloba Foxw.; Malayan Forest Rec. 10: 168 (1932)
species :
Shorea crassa P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 20: 271 (1963)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea domatiosa P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 285 (1962)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea dyeri Thwaites ex Trimen; J. Bot. 23: 204 (1885)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea exelliptica Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 323 (1963)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea falcata J.E.Vidal; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 2: 325 (1962)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea falcifera Dyer ex Brandis; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 85 (1895)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Pahang); NE-Sumatra; Borneo
42 BOR MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Hopea linggensis Boerl.; Cat. Pl. Phan. [Boerlage] 103 (1899)
= Shorea flava Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 325 (1963)
species :
Shorea falciferoides Foxw.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 189 (1918)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (Luzon, Samar, Cebu, Sibuyan, Leyte, Mindanao, Basilan)
42 BOR BRN PHI
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea falciferoides subsp. glaucescens (Meijer) P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 31(1): 37 (1978)
= Shorea glaucescens Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 327 (1963)
= Shorea gisok Foxw.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 294 (1938)
species :
Shorea foxworthyi Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 8: 272 (1935)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
species :
Shorea furfuracea Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 488 (1861)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: species incertae sedis
species :
Shorea geniculata Symington ex P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 291 (1962)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea glauca King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 117 (1893)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); W-Sumatra (incl. Simeulue); Borneo; Brunei
41 THA 42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
species :
Shorea guiso (Blanco) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 34 (1852)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; S-Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Masbate, Panay, Negros, Leyte, Samar, Mindanao, Basilan)
41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 BOR MLY PHI SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisoptera guiso (Blanco) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2.2): 616 (1868)
= Dipterocarpus guiso (Blanco) Blanco; Fl. Filip., ed. 2 [Blanco] 313 (1845)
= Euphoria malaanonan Blanco; (1837)
= Isoptera burckii Boerl.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. [Boerlage] 111 (1901)
= Mocanera guiso Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 449 (1837)
= Shorea gala Baill.; Traite Bot. Méd. Phan. 2: 817 (1884)
= Shorea longipetala Foxw.; Malayan Forest Rec. 10: 174 (1932)
= Shorea obtusa var. kohchangensis F.Heim; Bot. Tidsskr. 25: 45 (1903)
= Shorea pierrei Hance; J. Bot. 16: 302 (1878)
= Shorea robusta var. schmidtii F.Heim; Bot. Tidsskr. 25: 45 (1903)
= Shorea vidaliana Brandis; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 83 (1895)
= Shorea vulgaris Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. Util. Col. Franç. (1886) 301, et Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 15 (1890) t. 232a, Brandis, in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 81 (1895)
= Shorea vulgaris var. kohchangensis F.Heim; (1902)
species :
Shorea havilandii Brandis; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 82 (1895)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Hopea ovalifolia Boerl.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. [Boerlage] 102 (1901)
species :
Shorea hypoleuca Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 329 (1963)
Distribution: N-Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea inappendiculata Burck; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 6: 206 (1887)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Johor); Sumatra; N-Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea ladiana P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 59: 295 (1962)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
species :
Shorea laevis Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 232 (1922)
Distribution: S-Myanmar; peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah and Pahang southward); N-Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei
41 MYA THA 42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
Synonyms: hidden
= Hopea laevifolia Parijs; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 33: 244 (1933)
= Shorea laevifolia (Parijs) Endert; Tectona 28: 292 (1935)
= Shorea rogersiana Raizada & Smitinand; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. No. 1, 7 (1954)
species :
Shorea leptoderma Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 331 (1963)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea lissophylla Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 402 (1864)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Isoptera lissophylla (Thwaites) Livera; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Peradeniya) 9: 93 (1924)
species :
Shorea lumutensis Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 10: 364 (1939)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, ?Johor)
42 MLY
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea lunduensis P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 22: 284 (1967)
Distribution: Borneo (W-Sarawak)
42 BOR
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea malibato Foxw.; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 6: 1955 (1913)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao, Leyte, Luzon)
42 PHI
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea materialis Ridl.; Agric. Bull. Straits Fed. Malay States 9: 183 (1910)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Pahang, Johor); E-Sumatra (coastal); N-Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea maxwelliana King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 114 (1893), et Symington, in Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7: 146 (1933), descr. ampl.
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak); Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea alba Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 82: 171 (1920)
= Shorea barbata Brandis; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 81 (1895)
= Shorea utilis King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 119 (1893)
species :
Shorea micans P.S.Ashton; Gard. Bull. Singapore 31(1): 38 (1978)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea sect. Barbata
species :
Shorea oblongifolia Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 36 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea obscura Meijer; Acta Bot. Neerl. 12: 333 (1963)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea obtusa Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 966 (1829) ex Blume, Mus. Bot. 2(1-8): 32, t. 8 (1856)
Distribution: Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea leucobotrya Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 215 (1863)
= Shorea obtusa var. subevenis Boerl.
= Vatica obtusa Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 745 (1841), nom. inval.
species :
Shorea ochrophloia Strugnell ex Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 8: 268 (1935)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; W-Sumatra
41 THA 42 MLY SNG SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea ochrophloia Strugnell ex Desch; Malayan Forester 4: 28 (1935), nomen
species :
Shorea pallescens P.S.Ashton; Blumea 20(2): 360 (1972 publ. 1973)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea richetia Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 9: 330 (1938)
Distribution: NW-Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Richetia coriacea F.Heim; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 975 (1892)
= Balanocarpus coriaceus Brandis; (1895)
species :
Shorea robusta Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 3: 48, t. 186 (1805)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Tripura, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar
36 TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Dryobalanops robusta (C.F.Gaertn.) Oken; Allg. Naturgesch. 3(2): 1422 (1841)
= Vatica robusta (C.F.Gaertn.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 745 (1841)
species :
Shorea scrobiculata Burck; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 6: 207 (1887)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Perak, Pahang); Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN MLY
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea meadiana Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 10: 366 (1939)
= Shorea pierreana F.Heim; Rech. Dipterocarp. (1892) 48, nomen
species :
Shorea seminis (De Vriese) Slooten; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 204 (1929)
Distribution: ?peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (Mindanao)
42 BOR BRN PHI SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Hopea lanceolata de Vriese; Minjak Tangkawang 32 (1861)
= Hopea seminis de Vriese; Minjak Tangkawang 32 (1861)
= Isoptera borneensis Scheff.; Minjak Tengkawang Planta. Ned.-Indie (1886) 27, et in Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg 6: 222 (1887)
= Isoptera seminis (de Vriese) Burkill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 317 (1935)
= Ridleyinda borneensis Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. (1891)
= Shorea borneensis (Scheff. ex Burck) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 3: t. 234 (1889)
= Shorea schefferiana Hance; J. Bot. 16: 303 (1878)
species :
Shorea submontana Symington; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 10: 368 (1939)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor)
42 MLY
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Shorea costata King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 119 (1893)
species :
Shorea sumatrana (Slooten) Desch; Malaysian Forester 3: 201 (1934)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Terengganu, Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatra
41 THA 42 MLY SUM
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Isoptera sumatrana Slooten ex Thorenaar; Meded. Proefstat. Boschw. 16: 115 (1926), et ex K. Heyne, Nutt. Pl. Ned. Ind. ed. 2, 2: 1127 (1927)
species :
Shorea superba Symington; Gard. Bull. Singapore 17: 491 (1960)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
species :
Shorea thorelii Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. Util. Col. Franç. (1886) 302, et Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 15 (1890) t.233, Brandis, in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 81 (1895)
Distribution: Bangladesh; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Rakhine, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; S-Vietnam
40 BAN 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Parashorea laotica Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 10: 135 (1942)
= Shorea argentea C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 459 (1926)
species :
Shorea tumbugaia Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 42 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 617 (1832)
Distribution: S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Remarks: Shorea s. str.
Synonyms: hidden
= Saul tumbugaia (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 516 (1841)
= Shorea penicillata A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 630 (1868)
= Vatica tumbugaia (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 84 (1834)
species :
Shorea wangtianshuea Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu; J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 12(2): 190 (1994), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (Guangxi, S-Yunnan); Laos; N-Vietnam
36 CHI 41 LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 15(2): 11 (1977)
= Parashorea chinensis var. kwangsiensis C.Lin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 15(2): 22 (1977)
= Shorea chinensis (Wang Hsie) H.Zhu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 14: 22 (1992), nom. illeg.
= Shorea wangtianshuea subsp. vietnamensis Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu; Chin. Wild Pl. Resources 21(3): 6 (2002)
= Shorea wangtianshuea var. kwangsiensis (Lin Chi) Y.K.Yang & J.K.Wu; Chin. Wild Pl. Resources 21(3): 6 (2002)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life