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407.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 140-170 genera (circumscription still very much in flux), ca. 1700-1800 spp. Latest phylogeny: de Vos et al. (2025). There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1840; hybrids: 80
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Mammillariaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Nopaleaceae E.Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenreich [Petermann] 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
407.6862 Genus Xiquexique Lavor, Calvente & Versieux; PlantNow 1(2): 63 (2020)
Distribution: Brazil
Species listed in database: 4; hybrids: 1
= Caerulocereus Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 13): 4 (2022)
species :
Xiquexique bohlei (Hofacker) N.P.Taylor; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 132(5): 1002 (2023)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caerulocereus bohlei (Hofacker) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 13): 4 (2022)
= Pilosocereus bohlei Hofacker; Kakteen And. Sukk. 52(10): 255 (2001)
species :
Xiquexique frewenii (Zappi & N.P.Taylor) Lavor & Calvente; PlantNow 1(2): 64 (2020)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pilosocereus frewenii Zappi & N.P.Taylor; Bradleya 29: 132 (2011)
= Xiquexique frewenii (Zappi & N.P.Taylor) Zappi & N.P.Taylor; Phytotaxa 470(3): 256 (2020), isonym
= Xiquexique gounellei subsp. frewenii (Zappi & N.P.Taylor) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 15): 5 (2024)
species :
Xiquexique gounellei (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Lavor & Calvente; PlantNow 1(2): 63 (2020)
subspecies :
subsp. gounellei
Name: Alastrado, Chique-chique, Xiquixique, Xique-xique, Xique-xique das Pedras
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cephalocereus gounellei (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 34 (1920)
= Cereus gounellei (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Luetzelb.; Estud. Bot. Nordéste 3: 111 (1926)
= Cereus setosus (Gürke) Vaupel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 27 (1913), nom. illeg.
= Pilocereus gounellei F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 1: 188 (1897)
= Pilocereus setosus Gürke; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 18: 52 (1908)
= Pilosocereus gounellei (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Byles & G.D.Rowley; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 19: 67 (1957)
= Pseudopilocereus gounellei (F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Buxb.; Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 44: 252 (1968)
subspecies :
subsp. braunii (Esteves) N.P.Taylor & Zappi; Bradleya 2024(42): 98 (2024)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pilosocereus braunii Esteves; Kakteen And. Sukk. 38(5): 132 (1987)
= Xiquexique braunii (Esteves) M.Köhler; Phytotaxa 641(3): 238 (2024)
= Xiquexique gounellei f. braunii (Esteves) Guiggi; Cactology 5(Suppl. 16): 1 (2025)
subspecies :
subsp. zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Lavor & Calvente; PlantNow 1(2): 63 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cephalocereus zehntneri Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 35 (1920)
= Cereus zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Luetzelb.; Estud. Bot. Nordéste 3: 111 (1926)
= Pilocereus gounellei var. zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Backeb.; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 331 (1936)
= Pilosocereus gounellei subsp. zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Zappi; Succ. Pl. Res. 3 (Pilosocereus Brazil): 43 (1994)
= Pilosocereus gounellei var. zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Byles & G.D.Rowley; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 19: 67 (1957)
= Pilosocereus superfloccosus (Buining & Brederoo) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 84 (1979)
= Pilosocereus zehntneri (Britton & Rose) F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamerika 1: 74 (1979)
= Pseudopilocereus superfloccosus Buining & Brederoo; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 46(2): 60 (1974)
= Pseudopilocereus zehntneri (Britton & Rose) P.V.Heath; Calyx 4(4): 141 (1994)
= Xiquexique zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 36: 145 (2024)
species :
Xiquexique tuberculatus (Werderm.) Lavor & Calvente; PlantNow 1(2): 64 (2020)
Name: Caxacubri
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia, Sergipe)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pilocereus tuberculatus Werderm.; Brasil. Säulenkakteen 101 (1933)
= Pilosocereus tuberculatus (Werderm.) Byles & G.D.Rowley; Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 19: 69 (1957)
= Pseudopilocereus tuberculatus (Werderm.) Buxb.; Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 44: 253 (1968)
species :
Xiquexique ×heptagonus N.P.Taylor & Albuq.-Lima; Bradleya 40: 78 (2022)
Distribution: Brazil (Pernambuco)
84 BRA
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life