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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

174.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12074; hybrids: 386
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; J. Sadler, Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 8, 268 (1827)
174.5041 Genus Alopecurus L.; Sp. Pl. 60 (1753)
Distribution: Temperate, warm-temperate and subtropical regions and montane tropics. Cornucopiae is to be included here fide Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 45; hybrids: 7
= Alopecuropsis Opiz; Lotos 7: 84 (1857)
= Cerdosurus Ehrh.; Beitr. 4: 148 (1789)
= Colobachne P.Beauv.; Agrost. 22. t. 6, f. 9 (1812)
= Cornucopiae L.; Sp. Pl. 54 (1753)
= Tozzettia Savi; Mem. Soc Ital. Sci. 8: 477 (1798)
species :
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.; Fl. Petrop.: 16 (1799)
Name: Rotgelber Fuchsschwanz, Roter Fuchsschwanz (DE), Shortawn foxtail (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kunar / Nuristan); China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Astor, Deosai, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand); Myanmar (Kachin); Australia [I] (Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Yukon, N.W.T., Arctic Isl., ?Nunavut, British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Québec, Labrador, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Isl., New Brunswick); USA (Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine); Guatemala; Colombia (Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca); Venezuela (Merida, Portuguesa); Ecuador; Peru; Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE NOR SWE 11 BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 80 GUA 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER 85 ARG cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus aequalis f. fluitans Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin (Buenos Aires) 7: 366 (1931)
= Alopecurus aequalis f. foliosus Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin (Buenos Aires) 7: 366 (1931)
= Alopecurus aequalis f. natans (Wahlenb.) Holmb.; Skand. Fl. 1: 137 (1922)
= Alopecurus aequalis f. nigricans (Beckh.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 17 (1-2): 123 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Alopecurus aequalis f. violaceus (Hack.) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin (Buenos Aires) 7: 365 (1931)
= Alopecurus aequalis subsp. amurensis (Kom.) Hultén; Circumpol. Pl. 1: 108 (1964)
= Alopecurus aequalis subsp. amurensis (Kom.) T.Koyama; Grasses of Japan & Neighbour. Regions: 485 (1987), isonym
= Alopecurus aequalis subsp. aristulatus (Michx.) Tzvelev; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 2: 36 (1964)
= Alopecurus aequalis subsp. natans (Wahlenb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Acta Horti Gothob. 20: 94 (1956)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis (Kom.) Ohwi; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 360 (1941)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. aristulatus (Michx.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 20 (1971)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. brachytrichus (Ohwi) Ohwi; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 360 (1941)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. fluitans (Parodi) M.C.Mariano; Fl. Patagonica 3: 348 (1978)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. fulvus (Sm.) Sond.; Fl. Hamburg.: 32 (1852)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. macrostachys Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 396 (1926)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. natans (Wahlenb.) Fernald; Rhodora 27: 198 (1925)
= Alopecurus aequalis var. violaceus (Hack.) M.C.Mariano; Fl. Patagonica 8(3): 348 (1978)
= Alopecurus amurensis Kom.; Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 16: 151 (1916)
= Alopecurus aristulatus Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 43 (1803)
= Alopecurus aristulatus var. merriamii (Beal) H.St.John; Bot. Explor. St. Lawrence: 42 (1922)
= Alopecurus aristulatus var. natans (Wahlenb.) Simmons; Ark. Bot. 6(17): 4 (1907)
= Alopecurus brachytrichus Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 51 (1936)
= Alopecurus caesius Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 727 (1866), pro syn.
= Alopecurus caespitosus Trin.; Sp. Gram. 3: pl. 241 (1836)
= Alopecurus diandrus Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 11 (1851)
= Alopecurus fulvus f. natans (Gross) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 253 (1922)
= Alopecurus fulvus f. violaceus Hack.; P. K. H. Dusén, Ergebn. Schwed. Exp. Magell. 3(5): 218 (1900)
= Alopecurus fulvus Sm.; Engl. Bot. 21: pl. 1467 (1805)
= Alopecurus fulvus subsp. intermedius Blytt; Nye Bidrag Skand. Norge, Christiania 1(3): 8 (1892)
= Alopecurus fulvus var. amurensis (Kom.) Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 39: 193 (1927)
= Alopecurus fulvus var. interruptus Erdner; Ber. Naturwiss. Vereins Schwaben Neuburg 39-40: 99 (1911)
= Alopecurus fulvus var. natans Gross; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 8: 30 (1902)
= Alopecurus fulvus var. sibiricus Krylov; Fl. Alt. 7: 1581 (1914)
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. natans (Wahlenb.) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 781 (1901)
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. natans (Wahlenb.) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 253 (1922), isonym
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. nigricans Beckh.; Fl. Westfalen: 95 (1893)
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. robustior Hack. ex Kneuck.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 11: 54 (1905)
= Alopecurus geniculatus subsp. aequalis (Sobol.) F.Herm.; 55 (1912)
= Alopecurus geniculatus subsp. fulvus (Sm.) Hartm.; Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl.: 11 (1846)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. aequalis (Sobol.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 1: 92 (1923)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. aequalis (Sobol.) Paunero; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 10: 312 (1852)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. amurensis (Kom.) Roshev.; Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 14: 54 (1914)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus (Michx.) Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 97 (1823)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. caesius Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 36 (1859)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus (Sm.) Hampe; 8 (1836), isonym
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus (Sm.) Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. [ed. 2] 18 (1832)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus (Sm.) Schrad.; Linnaea 12: 424 (1838), isonym
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. fulvus (Sm.) Scribn.; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 38 (1894)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. muticus G.Schäfer; Trier Fl. 1: 36 (1826)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans Guépin; Fl. Maine-et-Loire: 26 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans Wahlenb.; Fl. Lapp.: 22 (1812)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. paludosus (P.Beauv. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) C.C.Gmel.; 46 (1826)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. paludosus Hochst.; Enum. Pl. Germ.: 9 (1826)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. robustus Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 13 (1888)
= Alopecurus howellii var. merrimanii Beal; Grass. N. Amer. 2: 278 (1896)
= Alopecurus konradii Opiz ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 481 (1823), pro syn.
= Alopecurus paludosus P.Beauv. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 481 (1823)
= Alopecurus palustris subsp. fulvus (Sm.) Syme; Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 11: 23 (1872)
= Alopecurus subaristatus Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 80 (1805) [nom. illeg. superfl.]
= Tozzettia fulva (Sm.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 216 (1915)
species :
Alopecurus albovii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 16 (1971)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)
33 GEO NCS
species :
Alopecurus alopecuroides (L.) L.J.Gillespie, Cabi & Soreng; J. Syst. Evol. 60: 612 (2022 publ. 2021)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus involucratus Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 440 (1888)
= Cornucopiae alopecuroides L.; Mantissa 29 (1767)
= Cornucopiae involucratum (Post) Mez; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 293 (1921)
species :
Alopecurus alpinus Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphine 1: 306, 427 (1786)
Distribution: N-Spain (Pyrenees, Cordillera Cantabrica); Andorra; France; Italy; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece; Algeria; Ethiopia; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BUL GRC ITA KOS SRB 20 ALG 24 ETH 34 LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus capitatus Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 168 (1791)
= Alopecurus cassius Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 41 (1854)
= Alopecurus ciliatus Vitman; Summa Pl. 1: 178 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus gerardii (All.) Vill.; Fl. Delphinalis: 5 (1786), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus gerardii subsp. cassius (Boiss.) Dogan; Turkish J. Bot. 23(4): 257 (1999)
= Alopecurus gerardii var. cassius (Boiss.) Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(3): 509 (1983)
= Alopecurus villosus Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 8: 777 (1808)
= Chilochloa gerardii (All.) Besser; Roem. & Schult., Mant. 2: 206 (1824)
= Colobachne gerardii (All.) Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 74 (1827)
= Phleum gerardii All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 232 (1785)
species :
Alopecurus anatolicus Dogan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 114, f.2 (1988)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Alopecurus apiatus Ovcz.; Kom., Fl. USSR 2: 744 (1934)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran; Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Kabul, Wardak, Parwan)
32 KGZ TZK 34 AFG IRN IRQ
species :
Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir.; Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 8: 776 (1808)
subspecies :
subsp. arundinaceus
Name: Rohr-Fuchsschwanz (DE), Creeping meadow foxtail (EN)
Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; ?Switzerland; Poland; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Bamyan, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Parwan, Takhar, Zabul); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); China (Gansu, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral, Hazara, Gilgit, Deosai, Baltistan, Azad Kashmir); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); USA [I] (Washington [I], Oregon [I], Idaho [I], Montana [I], Wyoming [I], N-Utah [I], Colorado [I], Arizona [I], North Dakota [I], South Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], Kansas [I], Manitoba [I])
10 DEN FIN NOR SWE 11 POL 12 ADO FRA POR SPA 13 BUL GRC ITA KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 76 usa
Remarks: pratensis agg. Often included as subspecies in A. pratensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus aquaticus (Dumort.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 75 (1836)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus f. brachystachys Elenevsky; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 15 (1961), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus arundinaceus f. breviaristatus H.Lindb.; Exsicc. (Pl. Finland.) 9-20: 12 (1916)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus f. longiaristatus H.Lindb.; Exsicc. (Pl. Finland.) 9-20: 12 (1916)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus subsp. castellanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Rivas Mart., Fern.Gonz. & D.Sánchez; Opusc. Bot. Pharm. Complutensis 2: 104 (1986)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus subsp. subaristatus F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 13(2): 46 (2019)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus var. pashkiensis Melderis; Biol. Skr. 14(4): 47 (1965)
= Alopecurus arundinaceus var. ruthenicus (Weinm.) T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern: 555 (1869)
= Alopecurus baikalensis Turcz. ex Griseb.; C. F. von Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 462 (1852)
= Alopecurus castellanus Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp.: 26 (1842)
= Alopecurus elatior Jacq. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 7: 238 (1896), pro syn.
= Alopecurus exaltatus Less.; Linnaea 9: 207 (1834)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. ventricosus Chevall.; Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 133 (1827)
= Alopecurus intermedius Bock ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 61 (1840), pro syn.
= Alopecurus liouvilleanus Braun-Blanq.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 72(Beibl. 15): 351 (1928)
= Alopecurus muticus Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 527 (1842)
= Alopecurus nigrescens J.Jacq.; Ecl. Gram. Rar.: t. 13 (1814), pro syn.
= Alopecurus nigricans Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1: 68 (1813)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. geniculatus Jess.; 580 (1879)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. halophilus (Griseb.) Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 10: 230 (1860)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. humilis Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 2: 8 (1839)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. ventricosus (Chevall.) Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 52: 436 (1908)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. ventricosus Pers. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 31 (1830)
= Alopecurus pratensis Bourg. ex Lange; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 47 (1864), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. aquaticus Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 133 (1824)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. arundinaceus (Poir.) Douin; Bonnier & Douin, 123 (1931)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. arundinaceus (Poir.) Husn.; Graminées: 5 (1896)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. nigricans (Hornem,) Hartm.; Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl.: 11 (1846)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. ventricosus (Pers. ex Rchb.) Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 52: 436 (1908)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. arundinaceus (Poir.) Gustave & Hérib.; Fl. Auvergne: 476 (1883)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. arundinaceus (Poir.) Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 247 (1887)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. castellanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire & Weiller; Cat. Maroc.: 928 (1941)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. exaltatus (Less.) Griseb.; C. F. von Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 463 (1852)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. liouvilleanus (Braun-Blanq.) Maire
= Alopecurus pratensis var. nigricans (Hornem.) Wahlenb.; Fl. Suec. 1: 37 (1824)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. ruthenicus (Weinm.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot.: 32 (1821)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. ruthenicus Trin.; Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl.: 145 (1824)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. uliginosus Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 48 (1820)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. ventricosus (Pers.) Coss. & Durieu; Expl. Sci. Algerie 2: 56 (1854)-1855
= Alopecurus repens M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 54 (1819) [nom. illeg.]
= Alopecurus ruthenicus var. nigricans (Hornem.) Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 654 (1881)
= Alopecurus ruthenicus Weinm.; G. C. Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan.: t. 2881 (1877)
= Alopecurus salvatoris Loscos; Ser. Exsicc. Fl. Aragon., Cent. Prima: 94 (1875)
= Alopecurus salvatoris Loscos ex Willk.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 144 (1890)
= Alopecurus sibiricus Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis] 2: 271 (1817), pro syn.
= Alopecurus ventricosus Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 80 (1805) [nom. illeg., non (Gouan) Huds. 1778]
= Alopecurus ventricosus var. glaucus Ravarut; Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy, Pt. 2, Sci. Nat. 27: 320 (1941)
= Alopecurus ventricosus var. lobatus Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza, ed. 2, 1: 173 (1939)
subspecies :
subsp. exserens (R.Arndt) H.Scholz & Henker; Bot. Rundbrief Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 34: 16 (2000)
Name: Ostsee-Rohr-Fuchsschwanz (DE)
Distribution: NE-Germany (Berlin [I], Bayern [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rheinland-Pfalz [I]); Poland; Romania; etc.
11 GER POL 13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus arundinaceus var. exserens (R.Arndt) T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern: 555 (1869)
= Alopecurus nigricans var. exserens R.Arndt; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 10: 230 (1860), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Alopecurus pratensis var. exserens Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 1: 38 (1931), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Alopecurus ruthenicus var. exserens Griseb.; Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 464 (1852), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Alopecurus ventricosus subsp. exserens (R.Arndt) Hegi; 219 (1907)
= Alopecurus ventricosus var. exserens (R.Arndt) Serb. & Nyár.; Fl. Republ. Social. Român. 12: 114 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. armenus (K.Koch) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 18 (1971)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus armenus (K.Koch) Grossh.; Trud. Bot. Inst., Akad. Nauk SSSR, Azerb. Fil., Baku, viii/48 (Fl. Kavkaza,i.) 173 (1939)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. armenus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 381 (1848)
species :
Alopecurus aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 13: 41 (1853)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus vaginatus subsp. aucheri (Boiss.) G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 5: 23 (1905)
species :
Alopecurus baptarrhenius S.M.Phillips; Kew Bull. 41(4): 1027 (1986)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Alopecurus bonariensis Parodi & Thell.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 302 (1927)
Distribution: Uruguay (Canelones); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Santa Fe)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus antarcticus var. brachyatherus Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin (Buenos Aires) 7: 358 (1931)
= Alopecurus magellanicus var. brachyatherus (Parodi) M.C.Mariano; Fl. Patagonica 3: 345 (1978)
species :
Alopecurus borealis Trin.; Fund. Agrost. 58 (1820)
Name: Boreal alopecurus
Distribution: Svalbard; N-England; Scotland; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Kazakhstan; Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Yukon, Nunavut, N.W.T., Arctic Isl., British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, N-Ontario, N-Québec); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, N-Utah, Colorado)
10 GRB SVA 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Remarks: often included in A. magellanicus s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis Rubtzov; Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 170 (1961)
= Alopecurus alpinus Sm.; Fl. Brit. 3: 1386 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus alpinus subsp. borealis (Trin.) Jurtzev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 307 (1965)
= Alopecurus alpinus subsp. glaucus (Less.) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a.s., 7(1): 10 (1967 publ. 1968)
= Alopecurus alpinus subsp. pseudobrachystachyus (Ovcz.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 20 (1971)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. altaicus (Griseb.) Krylov; Fl. Zap. Sibiri 2: 193 (1928)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. borealis (Trin.) Krylov; Fl. Zap. Sibiri 2: 193 (1928)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. elatus Roshev.; Fl. Asiat. Ross. 2(4): 221 (1924)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. muticus Sarfatti ex Lange; Consp. Fl. Groenland. 1: 156 (1880)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. occidentalis (Scribn. & Tweedy) B.Boivin; Provancheria 12: 32 (1981)
= Alopecurus altaicus (Griseb.) Petrov; Fl. Iakut. Fasc. I. 146 (1930), in obs.
= Alopecurus behringianus Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 298 (1919 publ. 1920)
= Alopecurus borealis subsp. glaucus (Less.) Dogan; Turkish Bot. 23(4): 259 (1999)
= Alopecurus borealis var. igoschinae Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 52 (2012)
= Alopecurus borealis var. iremelensis Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 53 (2012)
= Alopecurus borealis var. muticus (Sarfatti ex Lange) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 52 (2012)
= Alopecurus giesekeanus Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Mant. 2: 154 (1824)
= Alopecurus glaucus Less.; Linnaea 9: 206 (1834)
= Alopecurus glaucus var. altaicus Griseb.; C. F. von Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 462 (1852)
= Alopecurus magellanicus subsp. glaucus (Less.) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 662 (2006)
= Alopecurus occidentalis Scribn.; Bot. Gaz. 11: 170 (1886)
= Alopecurus ovatus Knapp; Gram. Brit.: 15 (1804)
= Alopecurus pseudobrachystachyus Ovcz.; V. L. Kom. (ed.), Fl. URSS 2: 153 (1934)
= Alopecurus roshevitzianus Ovcz.; V. L. Kom. (ed.), Fl. URSS 2: 746 (1934)
= Alopecurus tenuis Kom.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 85 (1914)
= Alopecurus villarii Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 2: 134 (1875)
species :
Alopecurus borii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 21 (1971)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; India (Assam)
32 TKM 40 IND
species :
Alopecurus bornmuelleri Domin; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 1: 4 (1905)
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
species :
Alopecurus brachystachyus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 3: 56 (1819)
Distribution: European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye [I]); Northern Caucasus; China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Qinghai); Mongolia
14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 33 NCS 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: often included in A. arundinaceus
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus baicalensis Turcz. ex Griseb.; C. F. von Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 462 (1852), pro syn.
= Alopecurus colobachnoides Trin.; Fund. Agrost.: 58 (1820)
= Alopecurus laguriformis var. elongatus Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 9: 13 (1859)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. brachystachyus (M.Bieb.) Trab.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Monocot.: 145 (1895)
= Alopecurus transsilvanicus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 727 (1866), pro syn.
= Alopecurus vlassovii Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 6(2): 42 (1845)
= Colobachne brachystachyus (M.Bieb.) Nyman; Bot. Not. 1851: 69 (1851)
species :
Alopecurus bulbosus Gouan; Hort. Monsp. 37 (1762)
Name: Zwiebel-Fuchsschwanz (DE)
Distribution: England; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Baden-Württemberg [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I]); NE-Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
10 GRB 11 BGM GER NET 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 CRO ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus bulbosus f. procumbens Jansen & Wacht.; 306 (1932)
= Alopecurus bulbosus subsp. macrostachyos (Poir.) Trab.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Monocot.: 145 (1895)
= Alopecurus bulbosus var. macrostachyos (Poir.) Coss. & Durieu; Durieu, Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 57 (1855)
= Alopecurus bulbosus var. tenuis Laterr.; Fl. Bordelaise, éd. 3: 105 (1829)
= Alopecurus macrostachyos Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 8: 775 (1808)
= Alopecurus palustris subsp. bulbosus (Gouan) Syme; J. E. Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 11: 26 (1873), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus salditanus Trab.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Monocot.: 146 (1895)
= Tozzettia nodosa Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 276 (1901), nom. illeg. superfl.
species :
Alopecurus carolinianus Walter; Fl. Carol. 74 (1788)
Name: Carolina foxtail
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia, Alberta [I], Manitoba [I]); USA (Oregon [I], California [I], Idaho [I], Montana [I], Wyoming, Utah [I], Colorado [I], Arizona, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Arkansas, Texas, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Iowa, Missouri, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York [I], Massachusetts [I], New Jersey, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, ?Delaware)
71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. caespitosus Scribn.; Macoun, Cat. Canad. Pl. 2(5): 389 (1890)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. ramosus (Poir.) H.St.John; Rhodora 19: 167 (1917)
= Alopecurus gracilis Willd. ex Trin.; Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 4(1): 38 (1840)
= Alopecurus macounii Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 12 (1888)
= Alopecurus pedalis Bosc ex P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr.: 4 (1812), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus pedatus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 61 (1840), pro syn.
= Alopecurus ramosus Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 8: 776 (1808)
species :
Alopecurus creticus Trin.; Spreng., Neue Entdeck. 2: 45 (1820)
Name: Cretan meadow foxtail
Distribution: Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); USA [I] (+Pennsylvania [I])
13 BUL CRO GRC KOS KRI SRB TUE 34 EAI TUR 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus agrestis Sieber ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 1: 24 (1833), pro syn.
= Alopecurus agrestis var. creticus (Trin.) Marches.; 607 (1896)- 1897
= Alopecurus thracicus Penev & Kozuharov; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 28: 187 (1968)
species :
Alopecurus cucullatus (L.) Raspail; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 294 (1825)
Name: Füllhorngras (DE); Cornucopia Grass (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; WC-Italy; Malta (Gozo); Greece [I]; Crete [I]; East Aegaean Isl.; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel, Judean Desert, Rift Valley)
11 ger 13 grc ITA kri MLT 34 EAI IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus cornucopiae Trin.; Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb., Ser. 6, 6: 11. 46 (1840)
= Cornucopiae cucullatum L.; Sp. Pl. 54 (1753)
species :
Alopecurus davisii Bor; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 25: 63 (1963)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
species :
Alopecurus geniculatus L.; Sp. PI.: 60 (1753)
Name: Knick-Fuchsschwanz (DE); Water foxtail (EN); Cola de zorra (ES)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Algeria; Azores (Faial); Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kuril Isl. [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Afghanistan; Pakistan (Swat); Nepal; India (Assam, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand); peninsular Malaysia [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl.; Greenland [I]; Canada (British Columbia [I], Alberta [I], Saskatchewan [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Labrador [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], New Brunswick [I]); USA [I] (Washington [I], Oregon [I], California [I], Idaho [I], Montana [I], Wyoming [I], Utah [I], Colorado [I], Arizona [I], New Mexico [I], South Dakota [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], Minnesota [I], Iowa [I], Michigan [I], New York [I], Maine [I]); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua); Ecuador; Argentina (Buenos Aires, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile [I] (Magallanes [I]); Campbell Isl.; Marion Isl.; South Georgia Isl.
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG 21 AZO CNY 31 rfe 32 KGZ UZB 33 NCS 34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK 42 mly 50 aus 51 AUC ctm nzl 70 gnl 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 79 MEX 83 ECU 85 ARG cle 91 CMP MPE SGE
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus aristulosus Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers: 46 (1818)
= Alopecurus australis Nees; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 2: 412 (1843)
= Alopecurus bulbosus With.; Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 59 (1787)
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. aquaticus Holmb.; Skand. Fl. 1: 136 (1922)
= Alopecurus geniculatus f. normanii Neuman; Not. Not. 1908: 22 (1907)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. aquaticus Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 39 (1823)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. bulbosus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 143 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. bulbosus N.H.F.Desp.; Fl. Sarthe: 301 (1838)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. bulbosus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot.: 31 (1821)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. natans Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén.: 695 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. pumila Vasey; Macoun, Cat. Canad. Pl. 2(4): 189 (1888)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. salinus Blytt; Norsk Fl.: 149 (1847)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. strictus Andersson; Pl. Scand. 2: 106 (1852)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. terrestris Schltdl.; 39 (1823)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. tuberosus Asch. & Graebn.; 136 (1899)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. vinealis Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 35 (1859)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. virens Peterm.; Bot. Excurs. Leipzig: 524 (1846)
= Alopecurus geniculatus var. viridis Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 35 (1857)
= Alopecurus pallescens Piper; Piper & Beattie, Fl. Palouse Region, 18 (1901), et in Piper & Beattie, Fl. N. W. Coast, 40 (1915), in syn.
= Alopecurus palustris subsp. geniculatus (L.) Syme; Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 11: 25 (1872)
= Alopecurus palustris Syme; J. E. Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 11: 23 (1872), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Alopecurus subaristatus Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 66 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Tozzettia geniculata (L.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 275 (1901)
variant :
var. patagonicus Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 363 (1931)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
species :
Alopecurus glacialis K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 382 (1848)
subspecies :
subsp. glacialis
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus brevifolius (G.Westb.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 1: 75 (1928) p. p. incl. typo
= Alopecurus gracilis Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 486 (1877), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus vaginatus subsp. glacialis (K.Koch) G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 5: 22 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. tuscheticus (Trautv.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 16 (1971)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Georgia [Caucasus] (Tush-Pshav-khevsureti); Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus tuscheticus Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 354 (1884)
species :
Alopecurus goekyigitianus Cabi & Soreng; Turkish J. Bot. 41(2): 190 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Alopecurus heleochloides Hack.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 166 (1911)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, Magallanes)
85 CLE
species :
Alopecurus himalaicus Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 7: 238 (1896)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Kunar / Nuristan, Takhar); China (SW-Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Gilgit, Baltistan, Deosai); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Dras, Zanskar)
13 BUL 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus himalaicus var. riloensis Hack.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(3): 339 (1932)
= Alopecurus riloensis (Hack.) Pawl.; Bul. Grad. & Muz. Bot. Univ. Cluj 18: 13 (1938 publ. 1939)
species :
Alopecurus hitchcockii Parodi; Rev. Fac. Agron. & Vet., Buenos Aires 7: 366 (1931)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); Argentina (Jujuy)
83 BOL PER 85 ARG
species :
Alopecurus japonicus Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 149 (1854)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecuropsis japonica (Steud.) Opiz; Lotos 7: 84 (1857)
= Alopecurus malacostachyus A.Gray; M. C. Perry, Jap. Exped. 2: 328 (1856)
species :
Alopecurus laguroides Balansa; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 21: 11 (1874)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus dasyanthus Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 486 (1877)
= Alopecurus vaginatus var. dasyanthus (Trautv.) G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 5: 21 (1905)
species :
Alopecurus lanatus Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 43 (1806)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus lanatus subsp. elongatus Quézel & Pamukç.; Candollea 25: 346 (1970)
= Alopecurus phalaroides K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 5 (1846)
species :
Alopecurus lechleri Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 148 (1854)
Distribution: Chile (Los Rios)
85 CLE
Remarks: possibly a synonym of A. magellanicus s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus alpinus f. lechleri Dusén; G. Macloskie, Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(Suppl.): 34 (1915)
= Alopecurus antarcticus var. lechleri (Steud.) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 356 (1931)
species :
Alopecurus longiaristatus Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 327 (1859)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Heilongjiang)
31 RFE 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus longiaristatus var. glabratus (Litv.) Kitag.; Neo-Lineam. Fl. Manshur.: 66 (1979)
= Alopecurus longiradiatus Regel ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 354 (1884), orth. var.
= Alopecurus mandshuricus Litv.; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Russk. Fl. Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 6: 138 (1908)
= Alopecurus mandshuricus var. glabratus Litv.; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Russk. Fl. Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 6: 139 (1908)
species :
Alopecurus magellanicus Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 168 (1791)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosí); Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.; South Georgia Isl.
83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG CLE 91 FAL SGE
Remarks: the species is often expanded very much by inclusion of several other, also Northern Hemisphere taxa
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus alpinus f. antarcticus (Vahl) Hack.; P. K. H. Dusén, Ergebn. Schwed. Exp. Magell. 3(5): 260 (1900)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. antarcticus (Vahl) Macloskie & Dusén; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, Botany 8 (Suppl.): 33 (1915)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. aristatus Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct.: 370 (1846), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus alpinus var. gracilior Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 2: 370 (1847)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. robustior Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct.: 370 (1846)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. robustus Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 5: 311 (1919)
= Alopecurus antarcticus f. triceps (E.H.L.Krause) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 356 (1931)
= Alopecurus antarcticus Lechl. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 148 (1854)
= Alopecurus antarcticus Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 18 (1791)
= Alopecurus antarcticus var. brevispiculatus Hack.; O. Buchtien, Contr. Fl. Bolivia 1: 72 (1910), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus antarcticus var. triceps (E.H.L.Krause) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 356 (1931)
= Alopecurus arcticus F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 1: 163 (1825)
= Alopecurus triceps E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 346 (1914)
= Alopecurus variegatus Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 148 (1854)
variant :
var. bracteatus (Phil.) M.C.Mariano; Fl. Patagonica 3: 344 (1978)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia; Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Biobío, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)
83 BOL PER 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus antarcticus f. bracteatus (Phil.) Parodi ex Probst; Mitt. Naturf. Ges. Solothurn 9: 10 (1932)
= Alopecurus antarcticus var. bracteatus (Phil.) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 354 (1931)
= Alopecurus bracteatus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 94: 6 (1896)
species :
Alopecurus mucronatus Hack.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 55: 162 (1903)
Distribution: Tajikistan; Iran (S-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Wardak)
32 TZK 34 AFG IRN
species :
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.; Fl. Angl. 23 (1762)
Name: Acker-Fuchsschwanzgras (DE); Black-grass (EN); Cola de zorra (ES)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca [I], Menorca [I], Cabrera); France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine [I]; Crimea; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Great Southwestern Desert, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Terceira); Canary Isl. (La Palma, Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, NW-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Dahana, Nejd Desert); South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, N.W.Frontier Prov., Swat, Hazara, Azad Kashmir); India (Meghalaya, Nagaland); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Washington [I], Oregon [I], California [I], New Mexico [I], Texas [I], Kansas [I], Louisiana [I], Alabama [I], South Carolina [I], North Carolina [I], Michigan [I], Ohio [I], Kentucky [I], West Virginia [I], Virginia [I], Maryland [I], Pennsylvania [I], New York [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I]); Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN GRB nor SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY lat lit RUS ukr 20 ALG EGY LBY TUN 21 AZO CNY 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 38 kor tai 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 nzl 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 85 arg cle uru
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus adanensis Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 111 (1988)
= Alopecurus affinis Desv.; Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 159 (1831)
= Alopecurus agrestis L.; Sp. Pl (ed. 2) 89 (1762)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. decumbens Pauquy; Statist. Bot. Somme: 50 (1831)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. geniculatus Koeler; Descr. Gram. Gall. Germ.: 36 (1802)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. lutescens Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 75 (1836)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. minimus Post; Fl. Syria: 857 (1896)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. minor Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 142 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. pulchellus Adamovic; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 74: 117 (1907)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. purpurascens (Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 794 (1882)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. scaber Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 217 (1825)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. segetalis Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 57 (1828)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. tonsus C.I.Blanche ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 485 (1884)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. versicolor Biasol.; Flora 12: 514 (1829)
= Alopecurus agrestis var. viridis Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 247 (1887)
= Alopecurus caerulescens C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., V 3: 551 (1845), pro syn.
= Alopecurus coerulescens Steud. & Hochst.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 60 (1840), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus creticus var. corcyrensis Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 343 (1904)
= Alopecurus creticus var. submuticus Rohlena; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 39: 22 (1902)
= Alopecurus creticus Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 41 (1861), pro syn.
= Alopecurus myosuroides f. levis Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 4: 116 (1920)
= Alopecurus myosuroides subsp. tonsus (Blanche ex Boiss.) Dogan; Turkish J. Bot. 23(4): 250 (1999)
= Alopecurus myosuroides subsp. tonsus (C.I.Blanche ex Boiss.) Dogan; Turkish J. Bot. 23: 250 (1999)
= Alopecurus myosuroides subvar. breviaristatus Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 130 (1899)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. breviaristatus Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 130 (1899)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. compositus Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 130 (1899)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. latialatus Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 509 (1983)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. minor Grossh.; Trudy Bot. Inst. (Baku) 8: 174 (1934)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. salinus Grossh.; Trudy Bot. Inst. (Baku) 8: 174 (1934)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. tonsus (C.I.Blanche ex Boiss.) R.R.Mill; P. H. Davis (ed.), Fl. Turkey 9: 384 (1985)
= Alopecurus myosuroides var. versicolor (Biasol.) Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 39: 191 (1927)
= Alopecurus paniculatus Gueldenst. ex Griseb.; C. F. von Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 465 (1853), pro syn.
= Alopecurus purpurascens Link; Linnaea 17: 400 (1844)
= Alopecurus tonsus Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 132 (1824)
= Phleum flavum Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 55 (1771)
= Tozzettia agrestis (L.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 274 (1901)
species :
Alopecurus nepalensis Trin. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 148 (1854)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; ?Afghanistan; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Lahore); Nepal; N-India (Assam, Delhi, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Garhwal)
32 TKM TZK 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus fulvus var. grandiflorus Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 38: 84 (1924), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus grandiflorus Petrov; Fl. Iakut. 1: 141 (1930), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus navicularis Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List no. 3780A (1831), nom. nud.
species :
Alopecurus ponticus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 382 (1848)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan
33 AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus caucasicus Seredin; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 55 (1961)
= Alopecurus ponticus var. sericeus (Albov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 15 (1971)
= Alopecurus sericeus Albov; Descr. nouv. esp. Abkasie (1891) 16, nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus sericeus var. circassicus Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 251 (1893)
= Colobachne pontica (K.Koch) Nyman; Bot. Not. 1851: 69 (1851)
species :
Alopecurus pratensis L.; Sp. Pl. 60 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. pratensis
Name: Wiesen-Fuchsschwanz (DE), Meadow foxtail (EN)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Faeroe Isl. [I]; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl.); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kamchatka [I], Khabarovsk [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl.; Iran (W-Iran, EC-Iran, N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Parwan); Cyprus; China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Bhutan [I]; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya); Australia [I] (South Australia [I]); New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Yukon [I], N.W.T. [I], British Columbia [I], Saskatchewan [I], Manitoba [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Labrador [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], New Brunswick [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Washington [I], Oregon [I], California [I], Idaho [I], Montana [I], Wyoming [I], Utah [I], Colorado [I], New Mexico [I], North Dakota [I], South Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], Kansas [I], Minnesota [I], Michigan [I], Wisconsin [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Ohio [I], Kentucky [I], Missouri [I], Iowa [I], Arkansas [I], Pennsylvania [I], New York [I], New Jersey [I], Massachusetts [I], Connecticut [I], New Hampshire [I], Vermont [I], Maine [I]); Colombia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN for GRB ice IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 21 AZO 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN 36 CHI 37 MON 38 jap kor 40 bhu IND 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 82 clm 85 arg cle
Remarks: pratensis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus alpestris (Wahlenb.) N.J.Anderson; Bot. Not. 1846: 10 (1846)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. ventricosus Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14: 811 (1841)
= Alopecurus altissimus Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 9: 13 (1859)
= Alopecurus arvensis Gromov ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 353 (1884), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus brachyglossus Peterm.; Fl. Lips. (1844) 232
= Alopecurus candicans Salzm. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 61 (1840), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus caudicans Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 707 (1878), pro syn.
= Alopecurus lasiostachyus Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 71 (1827)
= Alopecurus laxiflorus Ovcz.; Kom., Fl. URSS 2: 151, 744 (1934)
= Alopecurus obscurus Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 9: 13 (1859)
= Alopecurus pallidus Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 133 (1824)
= Alopecurus phleiformis P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr.: 4 (1812), nom. nud.
= Alopecurus pratensis f. alpestris (Wahlenb.) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 780 (1901)
= Alopecurus pratensis f. brachyglossus (Peterm.) Serb. & Nyár.; Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 117 (1972)
= Alopecurus pratensis f. breviaristatus Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 56 (1890)
= Alopecurus pratensis f. brevisetus Lindm.; Svensk. Fanerogamfl.: 73 (1918)
= Alopecurus pratensis f. glaucus (Peterm.) Serb. & Nyár.; Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 118 (1972)
= Alopecurus pratensis f. glaucus (Sond.) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 780 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus pratensis f. scaber (Opiz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 123 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. alpestris (Wahlenb.) Selander; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 28: 33 (1950), isonym
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. campestris Selander; Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 28: 8 (1950)
= Alopecurus pratensis subsp. obscurus (Schur) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 38 (1890), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus pratensis var. acrochaetus T.Marsson; 554 (1869)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. adscendens C.L.Beckm.; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereine Bremen 10: 510 (1889)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. alpestris Wahlenb.; Fl. Lapp.: 21 (1812)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. altissimus (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 793 (1882)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. angustifolius J.T.Jansen & Wacht.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1929: 58 (1929)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. arundiformis Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 392 (1926)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. attenuatus Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 523 (1846)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. brachyglossus (Peterm.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 133 (1899)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. caesius A.F.Schwarz; 857 (1902)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. caucasicus Trin.; Spec. Gram. Icon. Descr. 1: t. 45 (1826)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. dvorakii Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 393 (1926)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. geniculatus Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 523 (1846)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. glabrescens Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 56 (1890)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. glaucus Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 10 (1867), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus pratensis var. glaucus Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 523 (1846)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. glaucus Sond.; Fl. Hamburg.: 32 (1851)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. includens Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 523 (1846)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. lobatus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 142 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. macrochaetus T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern.: 554 (1869)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. major Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 39 (1823)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. minor Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 39 (1823)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. muticus Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris 2: 625 (1845)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. obscurus (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 793 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus pratensis var. pallidus (Dumort.) Mathieu; Fl. Gén. Belgique 1: 590 (1853)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. praecox Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 393 (1926)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. soongaricus Roshev.; Fedtsch., Fl. Asiat. Ross. 2(4): 213 (1924)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. virens Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 38 (1867)
= Alopecurus pronus Mitt. ex Hook.f.; Student Fl. Brit. Isl.: 428 (1870), pro syn.
= Alopecurus scaber Opiz; Natural. n. 9: 166 (1825)
= Alopecurus seravschanicus Ovcz.; Kom., Fl. URSS 2: 151, 745 (1934)
= Alopecurus soongaricus (Schrenk) Petrov; Fl. Iakut. 1: 1147 (1930)
= Alopecurus tauntoniensis Sinclair; Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: 49, 232 (1825)
= Alopecurus trivialis Seidl ex Opiz; Natural. n. 9: 116 (1825)
= Alopecurus villosus Gilib.; Excerc. Phyt. 2: 517 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Phalaris aristata Schousb. ex Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. 3: 413 (1801)
= Tozzettia pratensis (L.) Savi; Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sci. 8: 477 (1798)
= Tozzettia vulgaris Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 276 (1901), nom. illeg. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. laguriformis (Schur) Tzvelev; Fedorov, Fl. Part. Eur. URSS 1: 250 (1974)
Distribution: Romania; Ukraine
13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus laguriformis Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 1: 182 (1850)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudonigricans O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges., n.s., 1: 88 (1949)
Name: Dunkler Wiesen-Fuchsschwanz (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen); etc.
11 GER
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus pratensis var. nigricans Sond.; 32 (1851)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. obscurus Griseb.; Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 463 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus pratensis f. obscurus (Griseb.) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 780 (1901)
subspecies :
subsp. songaricus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) N.V.Vlassova; Konspekt Fl. Sibir. Sosud. Rast. 286 (2005)
Distribution: Siberia; Mongolia
30 SIB 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus alpinus var. songaricus Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Fisch. & C. A. Mey., Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 1 (1841)
= Alopecurus songaricus (Schrenk) Petrov; Fl. Iakut. Fasc. I. 147 (1930), in obs.
species :
Alopecurus rendlei Eig; J. Bot. 75: 187 (1937)
Name: Rendle´s meadow foxtail (EN), Aufgeblasener Fuchsschwanz (DE)
Distribution: Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (+Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], +Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Algeria; Libya; Turkey; USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I])
11 BGM GER LUX SWI 12 FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI SIC SLV TUE 20 ALG LBY 34 TUR 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus utriculatus (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 80 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus utriculatus (L.) Sm.; 247 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Alopecurus utriculatus var. brachyatherus Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 326 (1928)
= Alopecurus utriculatus var. inermis Grognot; Carion, Cat. Rais. Pl. Vasc. Départ. Saône-et-Loire, Suppl.: 200 (1864)
= Panicum flexuosum Raf.; Précis Découv. Somiol.: 45 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Panicum pumilum Raf.; Med. Repos. 5: 353 (1808), nom. nud.
= Panicum rafinesqueanum Schult.; Mant. 2: 257 (1824)
= Phalaris ariculata Dicks. ex Roem. & Usteri; Bot. Mag. (Römer & Usteri) 4: 190 (1790) orth. var.
= Phalaris utricularis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 17 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Phalaris utriculata L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 869 (1759)
= Tozzettia pratensis Savi; 477 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Tozzettia utriculata (L.) Savi; Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 24: 49 (1800)
species :
Alopecurus saccatus Vasey; Bot. Gaz. 6: 290 (1881)
Name: Pacific foxtail
Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus californicus Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 13 (1888)
= Alopecurus howellii Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 11: 12 (1888)
species :
Alopecurus setarioides Gren.; Fl. Massil. Adv. 43 (1857)
Name: Borstenhirsen-Fuchsschwanz (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; North Macedonia; European Turkey; Crete; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
11 ger 13 KRI NMA TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus neglectus Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 10: 227 (1911)
= Alopecurus setarioides var. juvenalis Hack.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 53: 271 (1911)
species :
Alopecurus stejnegeri Vasey; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 10: 153 (1887), et Grass. Pacif. Slope (1893) t. 24
Distribution: Russian Far East (Commander Isl.); Aleutes
31 RFE 70 ASK
Remarks: possibly a synonym of A. borealis
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus alpinus f. stejnegeri (Vasey) A.E.Porsild; Rhodora 41: 177. 139.
= Alopecurus alpinus subsp. stejnegeri (Vasey) Hultén; Ark. Bot., n. s. 7(1): 9 (1968)
= Alopecurus alpinus var. stejnegeri (Vasey) Hultén; Kongl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 5: 90 (1927)
species :
Alopecurus textilis Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 13: 40 (1853)
subspecies :
subsp. textilis
Distribution: ?Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecuropsis textilis (Boiss.) Opiz; Lotos 7: 84 (1857)
= Alopecurus lasiochlamys Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 490 (1884), pro syn.
= Alopecurus vaginatus var. textilis (Boiss.) G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 5: 23 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. tiflisiensis (G.Westb.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 15 (1971)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iran
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus tiflisiensis (G.Westb.) Grossh.; Exsicc. (Sched. Herb. Pl. Or.): 15 (1924)
= Alopecurus vaginatus var. tiflisiensis G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 5: 23 (1905)
species :
Alopecurus turczaninovii O.D.Nikif.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 73(11): 1601 (1988)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Mongolia
30 SIB 37 MON
species :
Alopecurus tzvelevii V.A.Agaf., Laktionov, Yu.E.Alexeev & Mavrodiev; Feddes Repert. 131(3): 141 (2020)
Distribution: C-European Russia
14 RUS
species :
Alopecurus utriculatus Solander; A. Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 243 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. utriculatus
Name: Aufgeblasener Fuchsschwanz (DE); Thickstem Foxtail (EN)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 CYP IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
subspecies :
subsp. anthoxanthoides (Boiss.) Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40(1): 86 (1982)
Distribution: Greece (Kyklades: Siros); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey; Lebanon; Syria; Palestine; New Caledonia [I]
13 GRC 34 EAI LEB PAL SYR TUR 60 nwc
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus anthoxanthoides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 42 (1854)
subspecies :
subsp. gaziantepicus Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(1): 114 (1988)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. malatyaensis Dogan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45(1): 114 (1988)
Distribution: Turkey; Iraq
34 IRQ TUR
species :
Alopecurus vaginatus (Willd.) Boiss.; Fl. Or. 5: 488 (1884)
Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Pakistan
14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ LEB TUR 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus angustifolius Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 43 (1806)
= Alopecurus aucheri Balansa; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 21: 11 (1874)
= Alopecurus foliosus E.D.Clarke; Travels Eur. Asia & Africa 2: 261 (1812)
= Alopecurus longifolius Kolak.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 17, 90 (1953)
= Alopecurus pallasii Trin.; Sp. Gram. 1: t. 2 (1823)
= Alopecurus vaginatus subsp. pubescens G.Westb.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jur´evsk. Univ. 5: 23 (1905)
= Alopecurus vaginatus var. unipaleaceus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 489 (1884)
= Colobachne pallasii Trin.; Fund. Agrost.: 59 (1820)
= Colobachne vaginata (Willd.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr.: 22 (1812)
= Phleum vaginatum (Willd.) Pall.; Reise Südl. Statthaltersch. Russ. Reich. 2: 192 (1801)
= Polypogon vaginatus Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neue Schr. 3: 44 (1801)
species :
Alopecurus ×brachystylus Peterm.; Flora (Regensb.) 27: 230 (1844)
Distribution: NW-Europe; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen); Czech Republic; European Russia; Siberia (W-Siberia)
11 CZE GER 14 RUS 30 SIB
Remarks: Alopecurus geniculatus x Alopecurus pratensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus pratensis var. acuminatus Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 56 (1890)
= Alopecurus pratensis var. pronus Mitt.; London Cat. Brit. Pl., ed. 25: t. 6 (1867)
= Alopecurus ×elongatus Peterm.; 231 (1844), nom. illeg., non (Kunth) Poir.
= Alopecurus ×hybridus Wimm.; Fl. Schles., ed. 3: 31 (1857)
= Alopecurus ×intermedius Hallier; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21(App. 1): 6 (1863)
= Alopecurus ×longistylus Opiz; Lotos 2: 228 (1852)
= Alopecurus ×nigricans Wich.; Übers. Arbeiten Veränd. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 1846: 61 (1846), nom. illeg.
species :
Alopecurus ×haussknechtianus Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2: 1. 138 (1899)
Distribution: C-Europe; Germany (Bayern, Hamburg); European Russia; Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan); etc.
11 GER 14 RUS 71 CDN
Remarks: Alopecurus geniculatus L. x Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.
species :
Alopecurus ×marssonii Hausskn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2: 140 (1898) ex Sennikov, Sched. Herb. Fl. Ross. Fasc. 54: 27 (1917)
Distribution: Ukraine; etc.
14 UKR
Remarks: Alopecurus geniculatus L. x Alopecurus arundinaceus ssp. arundinaceus
species :
Alopecurus ×nothus R.Arndt; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 10: 230 (1860)
Distribution: Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Alopecurus arundinaceus ssp. exserens x geniculatus
species :
Alopecurus ×plettkei Mattf.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 120 (1917)
Distribution: Europe
Remarks: Alopecurus bulbosus x A. geniculatus
species :
Alopecurus ×turicensis Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.s., 25: 111 (1882)
Distribution: Europe
Remarks: Alopecurus myosuroides x A. pratensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Alopecurus ×mixtus K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 39 (1890)
species :
Alopecurus ×winklerianus Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 139 (1899)
Distribution: Germany; Poland; European Russia; etc.
11 GER POL 14 RUS
Remarks: Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. x Alopecurus pratensis L.
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life