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294.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4107; hybrids: 115
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
294.2601 Genus Bunias L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 669 (1753)
Distribution: Europe
Species listed in database: 2
= Erucago Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
= Laelia Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 423 (1763)
species :
Bunias erucago L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 670 (1753)
Name: Echte Zackenschote, Flügel-Zackenschote (DE); Southern Warty-cabbage (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Hungary [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania [I]; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); W-Crete (rare); Algeria; Tunisia; Ethiopia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I], Virginia [I])
11 aut ger hun pol SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PTL rom SIC SLV SRB TUE 20 ALG TUN 24 ETH 34 EAI TUR 75 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Bunias arvensis Jord.; Cat. Graines Jard. Dijon 18 (1848)
= Bunias aspera Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 2: 21 (1781)
= Bunias aspera var. cristata (Desv.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 672 (1821)
= Bunias cristata Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 3: 163 (1815)
= Bunias dubia Zapał.; Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B, Sci. Nat. 1913(7B): 446 (1913)
= Bunias erucago f. arvensis (Jord.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1901: 81 (1901)
= Bunias erucago subsp. macroptera (Rchb.) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia [Cattaneo] 1: 288 (1844)
= Bunias erucago subsp. macroptera (Rchb.) Murb.; Beitr. Fl. Südbosnien [Acta Univ. Lund. 27(5)]: 166 (1891)
= Bunias erucago var. ambigua Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 166 (1895)
= Bunias erucago var. arvensis (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 166 (1895)
= Bunias erucago var. brachyptera (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 166 (1895)
= Bunias erucago var. echinata Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1: 409 (1849)
= Bunias erucago var. integrifolia W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1: 77 (1836)
= Bunias erucago var. macroptera (Rchb.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 166 (1895)
= Bunias macroptera Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 2: 654 (1832)
= Bunias tricornis Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 7: 82 (1865)
= Bunias vulgaris Andrz. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 237, 238 (1841)
= Crucifera erucago (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 142 (1902)
= Erucago arvensis (Jord.) E.Fourn.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 336 (1868)
= Erucago aspera (Retz.) Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 2: 592 (1815)
= Erucago brachyptera Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 336 (1868)
= Erucago campestris Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 3: 168 (1815)
= Erucago dentata Moench; Methodus [Moench] 278 (1794)
= Erucago erucago (L.) Huth; Helios 11: 136 (1893), nom. inval.
= Erucago glandulosa Röhl.; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 2, Phanerog. Gew. 355 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Erucago macroptera (Rchb.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 336 (1868)
= Erucago monspeliaca J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 1: 510 (1805)
= Erucago monspeliensis Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 418 (1802)
= Erucago runcinata Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 2: 592 (1815)
= Myagrum asperum (Retz.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 47 (1811)
= Myagrum clavatum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 482 (1779)
= Myagrum erucago (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 103 (1769)
= Myagrum erucago (L.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 571 (1785)
= Myagrum orientale Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 169 (1841), nom. inval.
species :
Bunias orientalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 670 (1753)
Name: Orientalisches Zackenschötchen (DE), Turkish Warty-cabbage (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Liechtenstein [I]; Austria [I]; Poland; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary; Spain [I]; France [I]; +Channel Isl. [I] (+Guernsey [I], +Jersey [I]); Slovenia; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia [I] (Altay [I], W-Siberia/Siberian Urals [I], NW-Siberia [I], SW-Siberia [I], Altay-Yenisey region [I], S-Yakutia [I], Buryatia [I], Irkutsk [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Kamchatka [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); China (Liaoning, Heilongjiang); Mongolia; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I])
10 den fin grb ire nor swe 11 aut bgm cze ger HUN lie lux net POL slo swi 12 cis fra spa 13 BUL CRO KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY lat lit RUS UKR 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ kgz 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 71 cdn 72 cdn 75 usa
Remarks: in Central Europe a rapidly spreading, noxious weed
Synonyms: hidden
= Bunias orientalis f. angustifolia Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 333 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. gibberosissima Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. glabriuscula Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. grandiflora Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. latifolia Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. longiflora Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. microcarpa Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. parviflora Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 333 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. pluricaulis Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 333 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. scolopendrifolia Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 333 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. stenocarpa Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. stenopetala Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis f. trichantha Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 334 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Bunias orientalis var. winterli (Schult.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 672 (1821)
= Bunias perennis Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 2: 2 (1813)
= Bunias winterlii Schult.; Observ. Bot. [Schultes]: 121 (1809)
= Crucifera laelia E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 142 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Laelia orientalis (L.) Desv.; J. Bot. [Desvaux] 3: 160 (1815)
= Laelia podocarpa C.A.Mey. ex Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 136 (1869), in textu
= Myagrum orientale (L.) Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 169 (1841)
= Myagrum taraxacifolium Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 570 (1785)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life