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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

174.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12074; hybrids: 386
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; J. Sadler, Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 8, 268 (1827)
174.4931 Genus Catabrosa P.Beauv.; Agrost. 97. t. 19, f. 8 (1812)
Distribution: Temperate Eurasia, North America, Chile; Russia (3, European part, Caucasus, S-Siberia). Species delimitation is quite disputed, especially in Asia.
Species listed in database: 6
species :
Catabrosa aquatica (L.) P.Beauv.; Agrost. 97, 157 (1812)
Name: Quellgras (DE), Water whorlgrass (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Libya; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Takhar); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (W-Jordania); China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Hubei, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Leh, Ladakh); Alaska; USA (Arizona, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Colombia [I]; Argentina [I] (Santa Cruz [I], Tierra del Fuego [I]); Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK 70 ASK 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 82 clm 85 arg cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrostis tillieri Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 42 (1840), pro syn.
= Aira aquatica L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 64 (1753)
= Aira aquatica subsp. biflora Ehrh.; 215 (1780), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica subsp. multiflora Ehrh.; 215 (1780), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. biflora Ehrh.; 8 (1790), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. duplicata Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 407 (1833)
= Aira aquatica var. multiflora Ehrh.; 9 (1790), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. multiflora Ehrh. ex Hoffm.; 26 (1791), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. multiplicata Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 407 (1833)
= Aira aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 218 (1825)
= Aira scabra Zuccagni; J. J. Roem., Collecteana: 124 (1806)
= Aira viridula Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 75 (1811)
= Catabrosa afghanica Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 34 (2013)
= Catabrosa airoides Chevall.; Fl. Gén. Env. Paris, ed. 2, 2: 182 (1836), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Catabrosa aquatica f. flavescens Zapal.; 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. latifolia (Heuff.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. major (Peterm.) Holmb.; Skand. Fl. 2: 193 (1926)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. miliacea E.Baumann; 231 (1911)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. purpurea J.A.Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 261 (1922)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. schurii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. uniflora (Gray) Holmb.; Hartman, Skand. Fl. 2: 193 (1926), isonym
= Catabrosa aquatica f. uniflora (Gray) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 750 (1901)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. virescens Zapal.; 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. zapalowiczii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. minor (Bab.) F.H.Perring & P.D.Sell; P. D. Sell, 317 (1967)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. ochroleuca (Dumort.) K.Richt.; 77 (1890), isonym
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 837 (1882)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. pseudairoides (J.Herrm.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 29 (1968)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. atrata Tzvelev; Konspekt Fl. Kavkaza 2: 329 (2006)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. chionophila Post; Fl. Syria: 879 (1896)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. latifolia Heuff.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 195 (1858)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. latifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 779 (1866), nom. illeg.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. latifolia Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 55 (1906), nom. illeg.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. laurentiana Fernald; Rhodora 35: 137 (1933)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. littoralis Parn.; Grass. Britain: 228 (1845)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. major Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 90 (1838)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. minima Murr; 25 (1923)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. minor Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot.: 366 (1843)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Hausskn.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f., 14: 59 (1899)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Zapal.; 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. pamirensis Maslenn. & Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhikskoi SSR 1: 235 (1957), no Latin descr.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. subtilis Andersson; Pl. Scand. 2: 58 (1852)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. tenella Schur; 184 (1850), nom. inval.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. terrestris Deysson; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 62: 13 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. terrestris Meinsh.; Fl. Ingr. Gouv. St. Petersburg: 443 (1878)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. uniflora Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 133 (1821)
= Catabrosa atrata (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 33 (2013)
= Catabrosa elbursensis Bornm. & Gauba; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 131 (1939)
= Catabrosa kneuckeri Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 31 (2013)
= Catabrosa longissima Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 33 (2013)
= Catabrosa minor (Bab.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 32 (2013)
= Catabrosa ochroleuca Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 108 (1824)
= Catabrosa pseudairoides (J.Herrm.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 50: 1633 (1965)
= Catabrosa scabra (Zuccagni) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 119 (1829)
= Catabrosa viridula (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis] 2: 697 (1817)
= Catapodium aquaticum (L.) Willk.; M. Willkomm & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 77 (1861), pro syn.
= Colpodium aquaticum (L.) Trin.; Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math. 1(4): 395 (1830)
= Colpodium elbursense (Bornm. & Gauba) Parsa; Fl. Iran 5: 682 (1951)
= Diarrhena aquatica (L.) Raspail; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 5: 447 (1825)
= Festuca airoides (Koeler) Mutel; Fl. Franç. 4: 115 (1837), nom. illeg., non Lam.
= Festuca airoides Mutel; Fl. Franç. Herbor. 4: 115 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Glyceria airoides (Hartm.) Rchb.; Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 2. 3: 1827 (1830), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria aquatica (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 25 (1819)
= Glyceria aquatica subsp. prolifera (Pollini) Ces.; Car. Catt., 320 (1844)
= Glyceria aquatica var. acutiflora Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 321 (1859)
= Glyceria aquatica var. americana Vasey ex Gatt.; Tennessee Fl.: 100 (1887), nom. nud.
= Glyceria aquatica var. latifolia Heuff.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 231 (1858)
= Glyceria catabrosa Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 96 (1830), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria dulcis (Salisb.) Holmb.; Bot. Not. 1919: 97 (1919), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria ochroleuca (Dumort.) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 100 (1843)
= Glyceria viridula (Poir.) Heynh.; Nom. Bot. Hort.: 361 (1840)
= Hydrochloa airoides (Koeler) Hartm.; Gen. Gram. 5 (1819)
= Melica altissima Sobol.; Fl. Petrop.: 21 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Melica aquatica (L.) Loisel.; Fl. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 59 (1828), nom. illeg.
= Molinia aquatica (L.) Wibel; Prim. Fl. Werth. 116 (1799)
= Poa airoides J.Herrm.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 232 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Poa airoides Koeler; Descr. Gramin.: 194 (1802), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Poa airoides var. purpurascens DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 3: 64 (1805)
= Poa airoides var. uniflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 236 (1828)
= Poa dulcis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 20 (1796) [nom. nov.]
= Poa grandiflora Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 21 (1811), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Poa pseudairoides J.Herrm.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: t. 13 (1812)
= Poa rivularis Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf.: 41 (1800)
= Poa sabauda All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 245 (1785)
variant :
var. angusta Stapf; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 311 (1896)
Distribution: China (Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Zanskar)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Catabrosa angusta (Stapf) L.Liu; Fl. Xizangica 5: 141 (1987)
species :
Catabrosa bogutensis Punina & Nosov; Kew Bull. 71(3)-35: 7 (2016)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai)
30 SIB
species :
Catabrosa capusii Franch.; Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 6, 18: 272 (1884)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran); Jordania (E-Jordania); China (Nei Mongol); Tibet
32 KGZ TZK UZB 34 IRN IRQ JOR TUR 36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. capusii (Franch.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 30 (1968)
species :
Catabrosa drakensbergensis (Hedberg & I.Hedberg) Soreng & Fish; Kew Bull. 66(1): 107 (2011)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Colpodium drakensbergense Hedberg & I.Hedberg; Nordic J. Bot. 14(6): 606 (1994)
= Dupontia drakensbergensis (Hedberg & I.Hedberg) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 30 (2013)
species :
Catabrosa ledebourii Punina & Nosov; Kew Bull. 71(3)-35: 3 (2016)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Tuva)
30 SIB
species :
Catabrosa sikkimensis Stapf; Fl. Brit. India 7: 311 (1896)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir, Rupshu, Ladakh)
40 IND
Remarks: possibly a synonym of C. aquatica
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life