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177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12106; hybrids: 385
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)
177.4981 Genus Catabrosa P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 97, t. 19, f. 8 (1812)
Distribution: Temperate Eurasia, North America, Chile; Russia (3, European part, Caucasus, S-Siberia). Species delimitation is quite disputed, especially in Asia.
Species listed in database: 6
species :
Catabrosa aquatica (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 97, 157 (1812)
Name: Quellgras (DE), Whorl-grass (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., +Shetland Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Sark); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Samothraki); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Libya; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Takhar); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (W-Jordania); China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Hubei, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Leh, Ladakh); Alaska; USA (Arizona, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Colombia [I]; Argentina [I] (Santa Cruz [I], Tierra del Fuego [I]); Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK 70 ASK 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 82 clm 85 arg cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrostis tillieri Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 42 (1840), pro syn.
= Aira aquatica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 64 (1753)
= Aira aquatica subsp. biflora Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 215 (1780), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica subsp. multiflora Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 215 (1780), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. biflora Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 5: 8 (1790), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. duplicata Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 407 (1833)
= Aira aquatica var. multiflora Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 5: 9 (1790), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. multiflora Ehrh. ex Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. [Hoffmann] 1: 26 (1791), nom. inval.
= Aira aquatica var. multiplicata Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 407 (1833)
= Aira aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 218 (1825)
= Aira scabra Zuccagni; Collecteana [Roemer] 124 (1806)
= Aira viridula Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 75 (1811)
= Catabrosa afghanica Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 34 (2013)
= Catabrosa airoides Chevall.; Fl. Gén. Env. Paris, éd. 2, 2: 182 (1836), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Catabrosa aquatica f. flavescens Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. latifolia (Heuff.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. latifolia Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 168 (1906)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. major (Peterm.) Holmb.; Skand. Fl. 2: 193 (1926)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. miliacea E.Baumann; Arch. Hydrobiol. Planktonk., Suppl. 1(Veg. Untersees): 231 (1911)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. purpurea J.A.Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J.A.Christiansen et al.] 261 (1922)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. schurii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. uniflora (Gray) Neuman; Sver. Fl. 750 (1901)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. virescens Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica f. zapalowiczii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 118 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. minor (Bab.) F.H.Perring & P.D.Sell; Watsonia 6: 317 (1967)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. ochroleuca (Dumort.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 77 (1890), isonym
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 837 (1882)
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. pseudairoides (J.Herrm.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 29 (1968)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. atrata Tzvelev; Konspekt Fl. Kavkaza 2: 329 (2006)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. chionophila Post; Fl. Syria [Post] 879 (1896)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. grandiflora Hack. ex C.E.Hubb.; Grasses, Guide Struct. Identification Uses Distrib., ed. 2: 223 (1968)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. grandiflora Hack. ex Druce; List Brit. Pl. 82 (1908)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. grandiflora Hack. ex Druce; List Brit. Pl., ed. 2 130 (1928)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. latifolia Heuff.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 195 (1858)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. latifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 779 (1866), nom. illeg.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. laurentiana Fernald; Rhodora 35: 137 (1933)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. littoralis Parn.; Grasses Britain 228 (1845)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. major Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 90 (1838)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. minima Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 1: 25 (1923)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. minor Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot. [Babington] 366 (1843)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 14: 59 (1899)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. ochroleuca (Dumort.) Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 168 (1905)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. pamirensis Maslenn. & Ovcz.; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 235 (1957), no Latin descr.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. subtilis Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 58 (1852)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. tenella Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 1(2): 184 (1850), nom. inval.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. terrestris Deysson; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 62: 13 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Catabrosa aquatica var. terrestris Meinsh.; Fl. Ingr. [Meinshausen] 443 (1878)
= Catabrosa aquatica var. uniflora Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 133 (1821)
= Catabrosa atrata (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 33 (2013)
= Catabrosa elbursensis Bornm. & Gauba; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 131 (1939)
= Catabrosa kneuckeri Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 31 (2013)
= Catabrosa longissima Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 33 (2013)
= Catabrosa minor (Bab.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 32 (2013)
= Catabrosa ochroleuca Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 108 (1824)
= Catabrosa pseudairoides (J.Herrm.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 50: 1633 (1965)
= Catabrosa scabra (Zuccagni) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 119 (1829)
= Catabrosa viridula (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 697 (1817)
= Catapodium aquaticum (L.) Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 77 (1861), pro syn.
= Colpodium aquaticum (L.) Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 1(4): 395 (1830)
= Colpodium elbursense (Bornm. & Gauba) Parsa; Fl. Iran [Parsa] 5: 682 (1951)
= Diarrhena aquatica (L.) Raspail; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 447 (1825)
= Festuca airoides (Koeler) Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 115 (1837), nom. illeg., non Lam.
= Festuca airoides Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 115 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Glyceria airoides (Hartm.) Rchb.; Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2, 3: 1827 (1830), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria aquatica (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 25 (1819)
= Glyceria aquatica subsp. prolifera (Pollini) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia [Cattaneo] 1: 320 (1844)
= Glyceria aquatica var. acutiflora Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 321 (1859)
= Glyceria aquatica var. americana Vasey ex Gatt.; Fl. Tennessee 100 (1887), nomen
= Glyceria aquatica var. latifolia Heuff.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 8: 231 (1858)
= Glyceria catabrosa Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 96 (1830), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria dulcis (Salisb.) Holmb.; Bot. Not. 1919: 97 (1919), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Glyceria ochroleuca (Dumort.) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 100 (1843)
= Glyceria viridula (Poir.) Heynh.; Nomencl. Bot. Hort. 361 (1840)
= Hydrochloa airoides (Koeler) Hartm.; Gen. Gram. 5 (1819)
= Melica altissima Sobol.; Fl. Petrop. 21 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Melica aquatica (L.) Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur], ed. 2, 1: 59 (1828), nom. illeg.
= Molinia aquatica (L.) Wibel; Prim. Fl. Werth. [Wibel] 116 (1799)
= Poa airoides J.Herrm.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 232 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Poa airoides Koeler; Descr. Gram. [Koeler] 194 (1802), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Poa airoides var. purpurascens DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 64 (1805)
= Poa airoides var. uniflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 236 (1828)
= Poa dulcis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 20 (1796) [nom. nov.]
= Poa grandiflora Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 21 (1811), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Poa pseudairoides J.Herrm.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: t. 13 (1812)
= Poa rivularis Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Pfl. Erfurt [Bernhardi] 41 (1800)
= Poa sabauda All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 245 (1785)
variant :
var. angusta Stapf; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 311 (1896)
Distribution: China (Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Zanskar)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Catabrosa angusta (Stapf) L.Liu; Fl. Xizang. 5: 141 (1987)
species :
Catabrosa bogutensis Punina & Nosov; Kew Bull. 71(3)-35: 7 (2016)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai)
30 SIB
species :
Catabrosa capusii Franch.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 6, 18: 272 (1884)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran); Jordania (E-Jordania); China (Nei Mongol); Tibet
32 KGZ TZK UZB 34 IRN IRQ JOR TUR 36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Catabrosa aquatica subsp. capusii (Franch.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 30 (1968)
species :
Catabrosa drakensbergensis (Hedberg & I.Hedberg) Soreng & Fish; Kew Bull. 66(1): 107 (2011)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Colpodium drakensbergense Hedberg & I.Hedberg; Nordic J. Bot. 14(6): 606 (1994)
= Dupontia drakensbergensis (Hedberg & I.Hedberg) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 30 (2013)
species :
Catabrosa ledebourii Punina & Nosov; Kew Bull. 71(3)-35: 3 (2016)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Tuva)
30 SIB
species :
Catabrosa sikkimensis Stapf; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 311 (1896)
Distribution: N-India (Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir, Rupshu, Ladakh)
40 IND
Remarks: possibly a synonym of C. aquatica
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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