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293.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4087; hybrids: 111
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
293.6501 Genus Conringia Heist. ex Fabr.; Enum. [Fabricius] 160 (1759)
Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean, temperate Asia
Species listed in database: 3
= Goniolobium Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien Setz. (1890) 18, et Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 2(1): 478 (1892), Fritsch. in Bot. Centralbl. 43: 13 (1890)
= Gorinkia J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 140 (1819)
= Palaeconringia E.H.L.Krause; Arch. Vereins Freunde Naturgesch. Mecklenburg, N. F. 2: 135 (1927)
species :
Conringia austriaca (Jacq.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 25 (1826)
Name: Österreichischer Ackerkohl (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
11 AUT CZE ger HUN SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis arvensis Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Pfl. Erfurt [Bernhardi] 195 (1800)
= Arabis austriaca (Baumg.) Prantl; Exkurs.-Fl. Bayern [Prantl] 227 (1884)
= Barbarea austriaca (Jacq.) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 621 (1912)
= Brassica austriaca Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 3: 45, t. 283 (1775)
= Crantzia ochroleuca Lag. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 509 (1821)
= Crucifera austriaca (Jacq.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 6: 85 (1902)
= Erysimum austriacum (Jacq.) Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 263 (1816), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum austriacum (Jacq.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 282 (1788)
= Goniolobium austriacum (Jacq.) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien Setz. (1890) 19, et Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 2(1): 479 (1892)
species :
Conringia grandiflora Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 9: 25 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Erysimum grandiflorum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 49 (1851) non Desf. 1798
species :
Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 123 (1827)
Name: Orient-Ackerkohl (DE), Hare´s-ear mustard (EN)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Svalbard [I]; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], +Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Baleares; France [I]; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (rare); Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Siberia [I] (Chita [I], W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Kabul, Wardak); Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Peshawar); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Bahamas [I]
10 den fin grb ice ire nor sva 11 AUT bgm CZE GER HUN lux net POL SLO swi 12 BAL fra SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY lat lit RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP IRN ISR JOR LEB TUR 40 PAK 50 aus 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 81 bah
Remarks: much declining over most of its former range
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis orientalis (L.) Prantl; Exkurs.-Fl. Bayern [Prantl] 227 (1884)
= Barbarea orientalis (L.) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 621 (1912)
= Brassica agrestis Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 116, 117 (1821)
= Brassica orientalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 666 (1753)
= Brassica perfoliata (Crantz) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2, 37 (1769)
= Brassica turrita Weigel; Observ. Bot. [Weigel] 32 (1772), nom. illeg.
= Cakile perfoliata (Crantz) L´Hér. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 575 (1821)
= Caulanthus annuus M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 17: 25 (1930)
= Cheiranthus orientalis (L.) Cav.; Elench. Pl. Horti. Matr. 9 (1803)
= Conringia perfoliata (Crantz) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 172 (1822)
= Crucifera conringia E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 85 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum austriacum (L.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 282 (1788)
= Erysimum brassica Crantz; Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 101 (1766)
= Erysimum campestre Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 27 (1771)
= Erysimum glaucum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 255 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum orientale (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 116 (1769), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum perfoliatum Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 1: 27 (1762)
= Gorinkia orientalis (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 141 (1819)
= Sisymbrium tetragonum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 350 (1876)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life