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065.0000 Family Cupressaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 222 (1822), nom. cons.
ca. 30 genera, ca. 160 spp. Phylogeny see Yang et al. (2012)
Species listed in database: 174; hybrids: 12
= Actinostrobaceae Lotsy; Vortr. Bot. Stammesgesch. 3: 98 (1911)
= Arceuthidaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 79 (2006)
= Athrotaxidoideae L.Chu Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 30(4): 339 (1992)
= Athrotaxidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xix (2001)
= Cryptomeriaceae Gorozh.; Lekts. Morf. Sist. Archegon. 88 (1904)
= Cunninghamiaceae Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 1, 3 (1842)
= Diselmaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 96 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 80 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 41 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Juniperaceae J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 142 (1822)
= Libocedraceae Doweld; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 42 (2001)
= Limnopityaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 25 (1932)
= Metasequoiaceae S.Miki ex Hu & W.C.Cheng; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot., n. s. 2, 1: 154 (1948)
= Microbiotaceae Nakai; Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho 165: 13 (1938)
= Neocallitropsidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
= Pilgerodendraceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 87 (2006)
= Platycladaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 97 (2006)
= Sequoiaceae K.Koch ex Luerss.; Grundz. Bot. [Luerssen] 265 (1877)
= Sequoiaceae (Saxton) C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 100 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Taiwaniaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 26 (1932)
= Taxodiaceae Saporta; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 4: 44 (1865), nom. cons.
= Tetraclinaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 27 (1932)
= Thujaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 502, 1149 (1835)
= Thujopsidaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 7: 325 (1907)
= Widdringtoniaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
065.6005 Genus Cupressus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
Distribution: Mediterranean, North Africa and mostly Asia. There are highly conflicting systems. The New World species have been separated as Hesperocyparis and Callitropsis.
Species listed in database: 16; hybrids: 1
= Platycyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 73 (2006)
= Tassilicyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 72 (2006)
= xCuprocyparis Farjon; Novon 12(2): 188 (2002)
species :
Cupressus atlantica Gaussen; Monde Pl. 45: 55 (1950)
Name: Azel (Berber), Atlas cypress (EN)
Distribution: S-Morocco (High Atlas: Oued-n´Fis valley)
20 MOR
Remarks: sempervirens agg.
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus dupreziana subsp. atlantica (Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 64 (2005)
= Cupressus dupreziana var. atlantica (Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 5(2): 29 (1998)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. atlantica (Gaussen) Silba; Phytologia 49(4): 398 (1981)
species :
Cupressus austrotibetica Silba; Phytologia 65(5): 334 (1988)
Distribution: S-Tibet
36 TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus austrotibetica subsp. medogensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 20(1): 27 (2013)
= Cupressus austrotibetica subsp. tongmaiensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 20(1): 28 (2013)
= Cupressus duclouxiana subsp. austrotibetica (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 62 (2005)
= Cupressus gigantea subsp. tongmaiensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 71 (2005)
= Cupressus tongmaiensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 24 (1994)
species :
Cupressus bhutanica Maerki; Bull. Cupressus Conservation Proj. 14(2): 59 (2025), nom. nov. for C. tortulosa Griff.
Name: Bhutan cypress (EN), Tsenden (Bhutanese)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Remarks: formerly included in C. cashmeriana
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus tortulosa Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 26 (1854), nom. utique rej. prop.
species :
Cupressus cashmeriana Carrière; Traite Gen. Conif. ed. 2: 161 (1867)
Name: Kashmir cypress
Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
Remarks: Basal clade; formerly delimited much more broadly, including C. bhutanica and C. corneyana
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus assamica Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 19 (1994)
= Cupressus darjeelingensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 18 (1994)
= Cupressus himalaica var. darjeelingensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 29 (1990)
= Cupressus pseudohimalaica Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 23 (1994)
= Cupressus torulosa var. cashmeriana (Royle ex Carrière) A.H.Kent; Man. Conif., ed. 2 [Veitch] 284 (1900)
species :
Cupressus chengiana S.Y.Hu; Taiwania 10: 57 (1964)
Name: Cheng cypress
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, N-Sichuan, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: funebris agg.
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaecyparis chengiana (S.Y.Hu) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 13: 58, in clavi, 70 (1968) (sine relat. loc.)
= Cupressus chengiana subsp. kansouensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 59 (2005)
= Cupressus chengiana var. kansouensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 25 (1994)
= Cupressus chengiana var. wehchuanhsiensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 25 (1994)
species :
Cupressus corneyana Knight & Perry ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 128 (1855)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
Remarks: formerly included in C. cashmeriana
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus himalaica Silba; Phytologia 64(1): 80 (1987)
= Cupressus cashmeriana subsp. himalaica (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 56 (2005)
= Cupressus pendula Griff.; Itin. Pl. Khasyah Mts. 131, sub n. 529: 143, sub n. 679a (1848) (non Thunb. (1783))
= Cupressus torulosa var. corneyana (Knight & Perry ex Carrière) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 151 (1867)
= Cupressus torulosa subsp. himalaica (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. Revised version 16(1): 49 (2009)
species :
Cupressus duclouxiana Hickel; Cypres 91 (1914)
Name: Yunnan cypress
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Basal clade
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus duclouxiana subsp. likiangensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(1): 8 (2008)
species :
Cupressus dupreziana A.Camus; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 32: 101 (1926)
Name: Saharan Cypress (EN), Tarout (Tuareg), Tassili-Zypresse (DE)
Distribution: SE-Algeria (Tassili n´Ajjer)
20 ALG
Remarks: sempervirens agg.
Conservation Status: IUCN E. Seriously endangered in the wild, only about 200 trees surviving
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus dupreziana subsp. lereddei (Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(2): 60 (2009)
= Cupressus lereddei Gaussen; Monde Pl. 45: 55 (1950)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. dupreziana (A.Camus) Silba; Phytologia 49(4): 398 (1981)
= Tassilicyparis dupreziana (A.Camus) A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 72 (2006)
species :
Cupressus fallax Franco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. 9: 190 (1969)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus chengiana subsp. jiangensis (N.Zhao) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 58 (2005)
= Cupressus chengiana var. jiangensis (N.Zhao) C.T.Kuan; Fl. Sichuan. 2: 167 (1983)
= Cupressus jiangeensis N.Zhao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 210 (1980)
species :
Cupressus funebris Endl.; Syn. Conif. 58 (1847)
Name: Chinese weeping cypress
Distribution: Mozambique [I]; Mauritius [I]; China (Guizhou, W-Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, ?S-Gansu, ?W-Hubei, ?Shaanxi); Taiwan [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam; Java [I]; Honduras [I]; Puerto Rico [I]
26 moz 29 mau 36 CHI 38 tai 41 mya VIE 42 jaw 80 hon 81 pue
Remarks: funebris agg. Widely cultivated in other parts of China
Synonyms: hidden
= Callitropsis funebris (Endl.) de Laub. & Husby; Novon 22(1): 12 (2012)
= Chamaecyparis funebris (Endl.) Franco; Agros (Lisbon) 24: 93 (1941)
= Cupressus funebris var. gracilis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 162 (1867)
= Cupressus pendula Abel; Embassy China [Staunton] 2: 525 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Juniperus quaternata Miq.; Index Sem. (Amsterdam) 20 (1853)
= Platycyparis funebris (Endl.) A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 73 (2006)
species :
Cupressus gansuensis Maerki & J.Hoch; Bull. Cupressus Conservation Proj. 9(1): 4, figs. 1-17 (2020)
Distribution: China (Gansu)
36 CHI
species :
Cupressus majestica Duch.; Man. Gén. Pl. 4: 326 (1857)
Name: Tsangpo River cypress
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Remarks: Basal clade; formerly included in C. torulosa
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus flagelliformis Knight; Syn. Conif. 20 (1847), nom. nud.
= Cupressus gigantea subsp. ludlowii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 70 (2005)
= Cupressus gigantea W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)
= Cupressus tongmaiensis var. ludlowii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 24 (1994)
= Cupressus torulosa var. gigantea (W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Farjon; Monogr. Cupressaceae Sciadopitys 224 (2005)
= Cupressus torulosa var. majestica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 118 (1855)
species :
Cupressus rushforthii Maerki & J.Hoch; Bull. Cupressus Conservation Proj. 10(2): 57, figs. (2021)
Distribution: SE-Tibet
36 TIB
Remarks: Basal clade
species :
Cupressus sempervirens L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
Name: Mittelmeer-Zypresse (DE); Italian Cypress (EN); Cipres funebre, Cipres piramidal (ES)
Distribution: Switzerland [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Baleares [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Corsica [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Malta [I]; San Marino [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Montenegro [I]; Albania [I]; European Turkey [I]; Crete; Crimea [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Canary Isl. [I] (La Gomera [I], Hierro [I]); Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Ilha de Sao Nicolau [I], Ilha de Sao Tiago [I]); Uzbekistan [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Dodecanese, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia [I]); Iran; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel / Jordania; Saudi Arabia; Yemen; China [I]; Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [I]; Myanmar [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Zealand [I]; Guam [I]; Honduras [I]; Cuba [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia [I]; Isla Margarita [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]
11 swi 12 bal cor fra mco por sar spa 13 alb bih cro ita KRI mlt mnt sic slv sma tue 14 kry 20 alg lby mor tun 21 cny cvi 32 uzb 34 CYP EAI IRN LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU YEM 36 chi 38 tai 40 ind nep 41 mya 42 jaw 50 aus 51 nzl 62 gum 80 hon 81 cub his pue ven 82 clm 83 bol per
Remarks: sempervirens agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaecyparis thujiformis R.Sm. ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 429 (1875)
= Cupressus conoidea Spadoni; Xilolog. Picena 1: 189 (1826)
= Cupressus elongata Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 397 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Cupressus expansa O.Targ.Tozz. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 455 (1841)
= Cupressus fastigiata DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 5: 336 (1815)
= Cupressus foemina Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med., t. 240 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Cupressus globulifera Parl.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 13: 377 (1860)
= Cupressus horizontalis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Cupressus horizontalis var. pendula Endl.; Syn. Conif. 56 (1847)
= Cupressus lugubris Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 397 (1796)
= Cupressus mariae Sennen; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 73: 11 (1928)
= Cupressus mas Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med., t. 240 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Cupressus orientalis Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 102 (1891)
= Cupressus patula Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2(2): 580 (1807)
= Cupressus patula Spadoni; Xilolog. Picena 1: 193 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Cupressus pyramidalis O.Targ.-Tozz.; Ann. Mus. Imp. Fis. Firenze 2(2): 73 (1810), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Cupressus roylei Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 128 (1855)
= Cupressus sempervirens f. horizontalis (Mill.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1228 (1895)
= Cupressus sempervirens f. stricta (Aiton) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 49 (1949)
= Cupressus sempervirens subsp. horizontalis (Mill.) A.Camus; Cypres 33 (1914)
= Cupressus sempervirens subsp. indica (Parl.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 97 (2005)
= Cupressus sempervirens subvar. horizontalis (Mill.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 37 (1924)
= Cupressus sempervirens subvar. pyramidalis Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 37 (1924), nom. inval.
= Cupressus sempervirens var. globulifera Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 469 (1868)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis (Mill.) G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 38 (1830)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. indica Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2.2): 471 (1868)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. numidica Trab. ex G.Barron; Rev. Hort. Algérie Tunisie Maroc. 17: 309 (1913)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. pendula (Endl.) A.Camus; Cyprès: 35 (1914)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. pyramidalis Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 675 (1882), nom. inval.
= Cupressus sempervirens var. sphaerocarps (Parl.) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 468 (1868)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. stricta Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 372 (1789)
= Cupressus sempervirens var. umbilicata (Parl.) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 469 (1868)
= Cupressus sphaerocarpa Parl.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 13: 378 (1860)
= Cupressus stricta Mill. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 67 (1858)
= Cupressus thujifolia Knight ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 69 (1858)
= Cupressus thujiformis Parker ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl.: 26 (1862)
= Cupressus thujioides H.Low ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl.: 26 (1862)
= Cupressus umbilicata Parl.; Index Sem. (Florence) 22 (1860)
= Cupressus whitleyana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 128 (1855)
= Juniperus whitleyana Miq.; Index Sem. (Amsterdam) 21 (1853)
species :
Cupressus tonkinensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 23 (1994)
Distribution: N-Vietnam
41 VIE
Remarks: formerly included in C. torulosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus funebris subsp. tonkinensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 67 (2005)
species :
Cupressus torulosa D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 1, 2: 18 (1824)
Name: Himalayan cypress (EN)
Distribution: Pakistan (Pakistani Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, etc.)
40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Remarks: Basal clade
Synonyms: hidden
= Athrotaxis joucadan Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 55 (1867)
= Cupressus balfouriana W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 60: 45 (1871)
= Cupressus doniana Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 645 (1888)
= Cupressus karnaliensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 19 (1994)
= Cupressus karnaliensis subsp. mustangensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 78 (2005)
= Cupressus karnaliensis var. mustangensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 1(1): 22 (1994)
= Cupressus lusitanica subsp. kuluensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 84 (2005)
= Cupressus lusitanica subsp. torulosa (D.Don ex Lamb.) Silba & Brian Chen; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 12(2): 85 (2005)
= Cupressus lusitanica subsp. torulosa (D.Don ex Lamb.) Silba & D.Z.Fu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 28(5): 470 (2006), isonym
= Cupressus nepalensis Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1118 (1842)
= Cupressus pakistanensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(1): 4 (2008)
= Cupressus torulosa subsp. karnaliensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 18(1): 26 (2011)
= Cupressus torulosa var. juniperoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 152 (1867)
= Cupressus torulosa var. microcarpa Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 153 (1867)
= Cupressus torulosa var. nana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 71 (1858)
= Cupressus torulosa var. tournefortii (Ten.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 152 (1867)
= Cupressus torulosa var. viridis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 118 (1855)
= Cupressus tournefortii Ten.; Index Sem. (Naples, Neapolitano) (1852). Cf. Mem. Soc. It. Sci. Modena 25(2): 194 (1855)
= Juniperus pendula Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 470 (1868)
= Thuja curviramea Miq.; Index Sem. (Amsterdam) 21 (1853)
species :
Cupressus ×wangii J.Hoch, Maerki & Rushforth; Bull. Cupressus Conservation Proj. 9(2): 20, figs., 2-5 (2020)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: Cupressus fallax x C. funebris
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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