177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.

ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)

Species listed in database: 12106; hybrids: 385

= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)

= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)

= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)

= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)

= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)

= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)

= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)

= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)

= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)

= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)

= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)

= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)

= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)

= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)

= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)

= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.

= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)

= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)

= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)

= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)

= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)

= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)

= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)

= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)

= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)

= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)

= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)

= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)

= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)

= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)

= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)

= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)

= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)

= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)

177.5404 Genus Elymus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 83 (1753)

Distribution: Temperate and subtropical regions, especially China (89), montane areas of tropics.

Species listed in database: 180; hybrids: 19

species :

Elymus abolinii (Drobow) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 214 (1968)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron abolini Drobow; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 42 (1925)

= Elymus abolinii var. divaricans (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 214 (1968)

= Elymus abolinii var. nudiusculus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 425 (2002)

= Elymus abolinii var. pluriflorus D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 30 (1990)

= Elymus sauricus Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 1(1): 19 (1998)

= Goulardia abolinii (Drobow) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Badakhshana 59 (1979)

= Roegneria abolinii (Drobow) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 68 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria abolinii f. breviaristata Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 612 (1934)

= Roegneria abolinii f. divaricans (Nevski) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 612 (1934)

= Roegneria abolinii var. divaricans Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 68 (1934)

= Roegneria abolinii var. pluriflora (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: 49 (1996)

= Roegneria nudiuscula L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 171 (1997)

= Semeiostachys abolini (Drobow) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281 (1941)

species :

Elymus aduoensis (S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria aduoensis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; Guihaia 28(3): 285 (2008)

species :

Elymus aenaeanus (Hohla & H.Scholz) W.Lippert & Meierott ex Hohla; Kochia 10: 58 (2017)

Name: Inn-Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria

11 AUT GER

Remarks: status disputed, possibly only a variety of E. campestris or athericus

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia aenaeana Hohla & H.Scholz; Stapfia 95: 47 (2011)

= Elymus aenaeanus (Hohla & H.Scholz) W.Lippert & Meierott; Komment. Artenliste Farn- Blütenpfl. Bayerns 118 (2014), nom. inval.

species :

Elymus afghanicus (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 639 (1983)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat, Parwan)

34 AFG IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron afghanicum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 689 (1960)

= Elytrigia afghanica (Melderis) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 426 (1977)

= Elytrigia intermedia subsp. afghanica (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 486 (1984)

= Trichopyrum intermedium subsp. afghanicum (Melderis) Á.Löve; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 87: 49 (1986), no basionym ref.

species :

Elymus alaskanus (Scribn. & Merr.) Á.Löve; Taxon 19: 299 (1970)

Name: Alaskan wheatgrass

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Manitoba, Northern Territories, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron alaskanum Scribn. & Merr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 85 (1910)

= Agropyron boreale subsp. alaskanum (Scribn. & Merr.) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 19 (1968)

= Agropyron boreale var. alaskanum (Scribn. & Merr.) S.L.Welsh; Fl. Alaska [Welsh] 546 (1974)

= Elymus kronokensis var. alaskanus (Scribn. & Merr.) Jaaska; Izv. Akad. Nauk Éstonsk. S.S.R., Ser. Biol. 23: 6 (1974)

= Roegneria alaskana (Scribn. & Merr.) V.N.Vassil.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 58 (1954)

species :

Elymus albicans (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 166 (1980)

Name: Montana wheatgrass

Distribution: Canada (E-British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan); USA (Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, SW-South Dakota)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron albicans Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 32 (1897)

= Agropyron albicans var. griffithsii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm. ex Piper) Beetle; Rhodora 54: 196 (1952)

= Agropyron griffithsii Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 18: 148 (1905)

= Elymus albicans var. griffithsii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 298 (1988)

= Elymus griffithsii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29: 167 (1980)

= Elymus lanceolatus subsp. albicans (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey; Great Basin Naturalist 43: 568 (1983)

= Elytrigia dasystachya subsp. albicans (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) D.R.Dewey; Brittonia 35: 31 (1983)

= Roegneria albicans (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 212 (1984)

= Roegneria albicans var. griffithsii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 212 (1984)

= Zeia albicans (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 94 (1917)

= Zeia griffithsii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 234 (1915)

species :

Elymus alienus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 227 (1997)

Distribution: China (Hebei, Henan, Nei Mongol, Shanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus foliosus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

= Elymus semicostatus subsp. alienus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 453 (1984)

= Elymus semicostatus subsp. foliosus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984)

= Roegneria aliena Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 31 (1963)

= Roegneria barbicalla var. foliosa (Keng & S.L.Chen) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 172 (1997)

= Roegneria foliosa Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 32 (1963)

species :

Elymus alopex B.Salomon; Willdenowia 35(2): 248 (2005)

Distribution: Iceland

10 ICE

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Elymus alpinus L.B.Cai; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 14: 8 (1999)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus altissimus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 448 (1984)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria altissima Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 53 (1963)

species :

Elymus amgensis Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1593 (2008)

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Elymus angsaiensis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 28(5): 513 (2008)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus angulatus J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 264 (1830)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Potosí); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chubut, La Pampa, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman); Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

83 BOL PER 85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus agropyroides J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 265 (1830)

= Elymus agropyroides var. brevimucronatus Hauman; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 86: 79 (1918)

= Elymus albowianus Kurtz; Revista Mus. La Plata 398 (1896)

= Elymus andinus Poepp. ex Trin.; Linnaea 10: 304 (1835)-1836

= Elymus antarcticus Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. I. (Fl. Antarct.) 388 (1847)

= Elymus antarcticus var. fulvescens Kurtz; Revista Mus. La Plata 7: 397 (1896)

= Elymus asper Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 349 (1854)

= Elymus chonoticus Phil.; Linnaea 29: 104 (1858)

= Elymus chubutensis Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3(32-33): 632 (1897)

= Elymus corralensis Phil.; Linnaea 33: 303 (1864)

= Elymus gayanus É.Desv.; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 6: 467 (1854)

= Elymus gracilis Phil.; Linnaea 33: (1865) 301

= Elymus latiglumis Phil.; Linnaea 33: 302 (1864)

= Elymus leptostachyus Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3(32-33): 631 (1897)

= Elymus muticus Phil.; Linnaea 33: 300 (1864)

= Elymus oreophilus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 94: 347 (1896)

= Elymus palenae Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 94: 348 (1896)

= Elymus paposanus Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 56 (1860)

= Elymus pratensis Phil.; Linnaea 33: 301 (1864)

= Elymus rigescens Poepp. ex Trin.; Linnaea 10: 304 (1836)-1836

= Elymus uniflorus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 94: 349 (1896)

= Elymus vaginatus Phil.; Linnaea 33: 300 (1864)

= Elymus valdiviae Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 349 (1854)

= Hordeum valdiviae (Steud.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 109 (1907), in clavi

species :

Elymus angustispiculatus S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 425 (2002)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria angusta L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 332 (1996), not Elymus angustus Trin. (1829)

species :

Elymus anthosachnoides (Keng & S.L.Chen) Á.Löve ex B.Rong Lu; Nordic J. Bot. 15: 24 (1995)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus anthosachnoides var. scabrilemmatus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 416 (2006)

= Roegneria anthosachnoides Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 65 (1963)

= Roegneria anthosachnoides var. scabrilemmata L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 165 (1997)

species :

Elymus antiquus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 220 (1968)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal

36 CHI TIB 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron antiquum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 515 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron microlepis Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 692 (1960)

= Elymus gangotrianus Pusalkar, D.K.Singh & S.K.Srivast.; Kew Bull. 63: 507 (2008 publ. 2009)

= Elymus microlepis (Melderis) Melderis; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 1: 131 (1978)

= Elymus parviglumis (Keng & S.L.Chen) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 467 (1984)

= Roegneria antiqua (Nevski) B.S.Sun; Fl. Yunnan. 9: 412 (2003)

= Roegneria parviglumis Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 47 (1963)

species :

Elymus arcuatus (Golosk.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron arcuatum Golosk.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 27 (1950)

= Roegneria arcuata (Golosk.) Filat.; Ill. Opred. Rast. Kazakh. 1: 115 (1969)

species :

Elymus arenosus (Spenn.) Conert; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.], ed. 3, 1(3: Lief. 10): 793 (1997)

Name: Sand-Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Netherlands; Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz)

11 GER NET

Remarks: status as valid species confirmed by genetics

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron intermedium var. arenosum (Spenn.) Thell.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 24-25: 161 (1916)

= Agropyron repens var. glaucescens M.Loehr; Enum. Fl. Deutschland 785 (1852), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron tauschii var. glabrum Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 4(3): 20 (1923)

= Elymus repens subsp. arenosus (Spenn.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 379 (1978)

= Elytrigia arenosa (Spenn.) H.Scholz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 115: 352 (1993), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Elytrigia repens subsp. arenosa (Melderis) Á.Löve; Taxon 29: 351 (1980)

= Triticum repens subsp. arenosus Petif; Enum. Pl. Fl. Palat. 6 (1830)

= Triticum repens var. arenosum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 162 (1825)

species :

Elymus arizonicus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould; Madroño 9: 125 (1947)

Name: Arizona wheatgrass

Distribution: USA (S-Arizona, New Mexico, W-Texas, S-Colorado); Mexico (Sonora, Coahuila, Chihuahua, Nuevo León, etc.); Guatemala

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron arizonicum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 27 (1897)

= Agropyron caninum var. majus Scribn.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 10: 32 (1883) [non Hitchc. 1927]

= Agropyron spicatum var. arizonicum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 19 (1912)

= Elytrigia arizonica (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) D.R.Dewey; Brittonia 35: 31 (1983)

= Pseudoroegneria arizonica (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29: 168 (1980)

species :

Elymus athericus (Link) Kerguélen; Lejeunia 110: 57 (1983)

Name: Strand-Quecke, Dünen-Quecke (DE), Sea Couch (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, S-Scotland, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Schleswig-Holstein); Switzerland; Portugal; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Corsica; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; ?Montenegro; Albania; ?Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (Kerkyra, W-Epirus, W-Peloponnisos, Ionian Isl., Samothraki, Limnos); Crete (rare); Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Libya; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], Nova Scotia [I]); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], New Hampshire [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Texas [I], Washington State [I]); Mexico [I]

10 DEN GRB IRE 11 BGM GER NET SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI SLV SMA TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG LBY MOR 34 TUR 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 77 usa 79 mex

Remarks: a true Elymus, not a Thinopyrum. E. athericus and E. pycnanthus are combined by the majority of authors and Flora Iberica. This also means inclusion of their putative hybrid E. x acutus.

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron acadiense F.T.Hubb.; Rhodora 19: 15 (1917)

= Agropyron athericum (Link) Samp.; Herb. Port. 25 (1913)

= Agropyron campestre var. pycnanthum (Godr.) Lapeyrère; Fl. Départ. Landes 446 (1902)

= Agropyron duplicatum (Steud.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 126 (1890)

= Agropyron junceum subsp. acutum (DC.) Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 10 (1976 publ. 1977)

= Agropyron littorale (Host) Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron littorale (Host) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron littorale var. acutiflorum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824)

= Agropyron littorale var. heterophyllum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824)

= Agropyron littorale var. littoreum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824)

= Agropyron littorale var. nodosum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824)

= Agropyron littorale var. setigerum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 97 (1824)

= Agropyron pungens subsp. athericum (Link) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 124 (1890)

= Agropyron pungens var. acadiense (F.T.Hubb.) Fernald; Rhodora 23: 232 (1921)

= Agropyron pungens var. aculeatum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 96 (1824)

= Agropyron pungens var. acutum (DC.) Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 96 (1824)

= Agropyron pungens var. athericum (Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 98 (1913)

= Agropyron pungens var. barbatum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 96 (1824)

= Agropyron pungens var. candicans Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 96 (1824)

= Agropyron pungens var. longiaristatum Hack.; Cat. Rais. Gramin. Portugal 29 (1880)

= Agropyron pungens var. megastachyum Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3(2): 606 (1856)

= Agropyron pungens var. pycnanthum (Godr.) Druce; List Brit. Pl. 84 (1908), isonym

= Agropyron pungens var. pycnanthum (Godr.) Marquand; Wild Fl. Guernsey 205 (1901)

= Agropyron pungens var. setigerum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 96 (1824)

= Agropyron pycnanthum (Godr.) Godr. & Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 606 (1856)

= Agropyron repens subsp. littorale (Mutel) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 12: 65 (1934)

= Agropyron repens subvar. pycnanthum (Godr.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 186 (1910)

= Agropyron repens var. littorale (Mutel) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 105 (1896)

= Agropyron repens var. littorale Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1906: 31 (1906)

= Agropyron ×acutum (DC.) K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 424 (1848), isonym

= Agropyron ×acutum (DC.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 751 (1817)

= Agropyron ×acutum (DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 324 (1913), isonym

= Braconotia acuta (DC.) Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 3: 192 (1844)

= Elymus acutus (DC.) D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(4): 300 (2024)

= Elymus athericus f. setigerus (Dumort.) Stace; Edinburgh J. Bot. 76(2): 178 (2018)

= Elymus pungens subsp. pycnanthus (Godr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Man. Països Catalans 4: 440 (2001)

= Elymus pycnanthus (Godr.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76(4): 378 (1978)

= Elymus pycnanthus var. setiger (Dumort.) Melderis; Watsonia 14(4): 393 (1983)

= Elymus ×acutus (DC.) M.-A.Thiébaud; Candollea 42(1): 340 (1987)

= Elytrigia atherica (Link) Carreras ex Kerguélen; Lejeunia, 120: 86 (1987)

= Elytrigia atherica f. setigera (Dumort.) Stace; Watsonia 27(4): 369 (2009)

= Elytrigia littoralis (Dumort.) Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 1945(7): 36 (1945)

= Elytrigia pycnantha (Godr.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(2-3): 351 (1980)

= Elytrigia pycnantha (Godr.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 93(1-2): 17 (1982), isonym

= Elytrigia ×acuta (DC.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 32 (1973)

= Psammopyrum athericum (Link) Á.Löve; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 87: 50 (1986)

= Thinopyrum pycnanthum (Godr.) Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 304 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Thinopyrum ×acutum (DC.) Banfi; Nat. Hist. Sci. 5(2): 59 (2018)

= Triticum athericum Link; Linnaea 17: 395 (1844)

= Triticum duplicatum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 344 (1854)

= Triticum junceum subsp. acutum (DC.) Hook.f.; Student´s Fl. Brit. Isl. 454 (1870)

= Triticum junceum var. acutum (DC.) Gillet & Magne; Nouv. Fl. Franç. [Gillet], ed. 1(reissue): 469 (1863)

= Triticum litorale Host; Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: 5 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Triticum pycnanthum Godr.; Mém. Soc. Émul. Doubs, Sér. 2, 5: 10 (1854)

= Triticum pycnanthum var. macrostachyum Godr.; Mém. Soc. Émul. Doubs, Sér. 2, 5(1): 10 (1854)

= Triticum repens subsp. acutum (DC.) Moore & A.G.More; Contr. Cybele Hibern. 358 (1866)

= Triticum repens var. acutum (DC.) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 554 (1879)

= Triticum repens var. litorale (Host) Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 146 (1837)

= Triticum ×acutum DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 153 (1813)

= Triticum ×acutum var. megastachyum Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 3: 13 (1842)

= Triticum ×laxum var. microstachyum Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 3 (1852)

species :

Elymus atratus (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1292 (1936)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus atratus Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 644 (1931 publ. 1932)

species :

Elymus bakeri (E.E.Nelson) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 167 (1980)

Name: Baker´s wheatgrass

Distribution: USA (S-Montana, NE-Utah, Colorado, N-New Mexico)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron bakeri E.E.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 38: 378 (1904)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. bakeri (E.E.Nelson) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 520 (1967)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. bakeri (E.E.Nelson) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 460 (1984)

species :

Elymus barbicallus (Ohwi) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Hebei, Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron barbicallum Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 257 (1942)

= Elymus barbicallus var. pubifolius (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7: 227 (1997)

= Elymus barbicallus var. pubinodis (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7: 227 (1997)

= Elymus pubinodis Keng; Sunyatsenia 6: 85 (1941)

= Leymus pubinodis (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 481 (1984)

= Roegneria barbicalla (Ohwi) Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 23 (1963)

= Roegneria barbicalla var. breviseta Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 3(1): 24 (1963)

= Roegneria barbicalla var. pubifolia Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 25 (1963)

= Roegneria barbicalla var. pubinodis Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1: 24 (1963)

species :

Elymus barystachyus L.B.Cai; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 13(1): 70 (1993)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

species :

Elymus borianus (Melderis) Cope; Fl. Pakistan 143: 617 (1982)

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Swat); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron borianum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 690 (1960)

= Elymus borianus (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984), isonym

= Roegneria boriana (Melderis) J.L.Yang & B.Rong Lu; Canad. J. Bot. 69(2): 287 (1991)

species :

Elymus brevipes (Keng & S.L.Chen) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 467 (1984)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus brevipes (Keng & S.L.Chen) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 417 (2006), isonym

= Roegneria breviglumis var. brevipes (Keng & S.L.Chen) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34: 160 (1997)

= Roegneria brevipes Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 49 (1963)

species :

Elymus burchan-buddae (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 220 (1968)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron burchan-buddae Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 514 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron nutans Keng; Sunyatsenia 6: 63 (1941)

= Elymus breviglumis (Keng & S.L.Chen) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 467 (1984)

= Elymus pseudonutans Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 467 (1984) [nom. nov.

= Roegneria breviglumis Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 48 (1963)

= Roegneria burchan-buddae (Nevski) B.S.Sun; Fl. Yunnan. 0,6625 (2003)

= Roegneria nutans (Keng) Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 48 (1963)

species :

Elymus buschianus (Roshev.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Racha-Lechkhumi, Shiga Kartli)

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron buschianum Roshev.; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 301 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Roegneria buschiana (Roshev.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 620 (1934)

species :

Elymus cacuminis B.Rong Lu & B.Salomon; Nordic J. Bot. 13: 355, f. 1 (1993)

Distribution: China (Sichuan); Tibet; N-India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria cacuminis (B.Rong Lu & B.Salomon) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 160 (1997)

species :

Elymus caesifolius Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 448 (1984), nom. nov.

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria glaucifolia Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 57 (1963), not Elymus glaucifolius Willd., Enum. Pl. 131 (1809)

= Elymus caesifolius Á.Löve ex S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 412 (2006)

species :

Elymus caianus S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 425 (2002), nom. nov.

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria gracilis L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 328 (1996), not Elymus gracilis Phil. (1864)

species :

Elymus calderi Barkworth; Syst. Bot. 21(3): 353 (1996 publ. 1997)

Name: Yukon wheatgrass

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Yukon, N.W.T., N-British Columbia); USA (S-Wyoming, Iowa [I], Massachusetts [I])

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA

species :

Elymus californicus (Bol. ex Thurb.) Gould; Madroño 9(4): 127 (1947)

Name: California bottlebrush grass

Distribution: USA (W-California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Asperella californica (Bol. ex Thurb.) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 657 (1896)

= Asprella californica Benth. ex Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 657 (1896) [nom. inval.]

= Gymnostichum californicum Bol. ex Thurb.; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 2: 327 (1880)

= Hystrix californica (Bol. ex Thurb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 778 (1891)

= Leymus californicus (Bol. ex Thurb.) Barkworth; Sida 22(1): 498 (2006)

= Macrohystrix californica (Bol. ex Thurb.) Tzvelev & Prob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 95(6): 858 (2010)

species :

Elymus campestris (Godr. & Gren.) Kerguélen; Lejeunia, 110: 57 (1983)

Name: Feld-Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland [I]); Portugal; Spain; NW-France; Greece (Mt. Chortiatis, Mt. Gerania)

11 GER 12 FRA POR SPA 13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron balearicum Bianor; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 17: 141 (1917)

= Agropyron caesium proles koeleri Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 319 (1913)

= Agropyron caesium subsp. koeleri (Rouy) Rouy; Consp. Fl. France 295 (1927)

= Agropyron campestre Godr. & Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 607 (1855)

= Agropyron godronii Kerguélen; Lejeunia, n. s., 75: 298 (1975), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Agropyron intermedium subsp. campestre (Godr. & Gren.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern [Vollmann] 91 (1914)

= Agropyron intermedium var. campestre (Godr. & Gren.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 386 (1907)

= Agropyron ligericinum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 322 (1913), pro syn.

= Agropyron maritimum (Koch & Ziz) J.T.Jansen & Wacht.; Fl. Neerl. 1(2): 116 (1951), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens subsp. campestre (Godr. & Gren.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 660 (1894)

= Agropyron repens subsp. campestre (Godr. & Gren.) Douin; Fl. Ill. France 64 (1934), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. koeleri (Rouy) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 90 (1934)

= Agropyron repens var. maritimum (Koch & Ziz) Grecescu; Consp. Fl. Roman. 637 (1898)

= Elymus campestris subsp. maritimus (Tzvelev) Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, 5. éd. 1047 (2004)

= Elymus pungens subsp. campestris (Godr. & Gren.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 380 (1978)

= Elytrigia campestris (Godr. & Gren.) M.A.Carreras ex Kerguélen; Lejeunia, n. s., 120: 86 (1987)

= Elytrigia campestris subsp. maritima (Tzvelev) H.Scholz; Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit. 27: 102 (1998), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Elytrigia godronii (Kerguélen) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 426 (1977)

= Elytrigia intermedia subsp. campestris (Godr. & Gren.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 16 (1984)

= Elytrigia maritima (Koch & Ziz) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 28 (1964)

= Elytrigia pungens subsp. campestris (Gren. & Godr.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(2-3): 350 (1980)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. koeleri (Rouy) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28: 107 (1993)

= Elytrigia repens var. maritima (Koch & Ziz) Hyl.; Bot. Not. 1953: 357 (1953), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Psammopyrum pungens subsp. campestre (Gren. & Godr.) Á.Löve; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 87: 50 (1986)

= Triticum campestre (Gren. & Godr.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 74 (1865), nom. illeg.

= Triticum intermedium subsp. campestre (Godr. & Gren.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 841 (1882)

= Triticum repens var. maritimum W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; Cat. Pl. Palat. 5, 17 (1814), nom. illeg.

species :

Elymus canadensis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 83 (1753)

Name: Canada wildrye (EN), Kanadische Quecke (DE)

Distribution: N-Europe [I]; Germany [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick); USA (Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, N-Mississippi, South Carolina, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz)

11 ger 33 aze 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus canadensis (L.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 650 (1932)

= Elymus brachystachys Scribn. & C.R.Ball; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 47 (1900)

= Elymus canadensis f. crescendus Ramaley; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 114 (1894)

= Elymus canadensis f. glaucifolius (Muhl. ex Willd.) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 191 (1933)

= Elymus canadensis var. albanensis Lepage; Naturaliste Canad. 79: 177-184 (1952)

= Elymus canadensis var. brachystachys (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 357 (1920)

= Elymus canadensis var. glaucifolius (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 137 (1823), isonym

= Elymus canadensis var. glaucifolius (Muhl. ex Willd.) Trevir.; Index Sem. (Breslau) 1818: 3 (1818)

= Elymus canadensis var. hirsutus (Farw.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 298 (1988)

= Elymus canadensis var. pendulus Eaton & Wright; Man. Bot. [A.Eaton], ed. 8: 232 (1840)

= Elymus canadensis var. philadelphicus (L.) Farw.; Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 357 (1920)

= Elymus canadensis var. robustus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Mack. & Bush; Man. Fl. Jackson County 38 (1902)

= Elymus canadensis var. villosus Bates; Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 20: 17 (1914)

= Elymus crescendus (Ramaley) C.F.Wheeler; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 3: 106 (1903)

= Elymus glaucifolius Muhl. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 1: 131 (1809)

= Elymus glaucifolius var. crescendus (Ramaley) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 83 (1926)

= Elymus glaucifolius var. robustus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 87 (1926)

= Elymus philadelphicus L.; Cent. Pl. I: 1: 6 (1755)

= Elymus philadelphicus var. brachystachys (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 314 (1927)

= Elymus philadelphicus var. hirsutus Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 314 (1927)

= Elymus philadelphicus var. pendulus (Eaton & Wright) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 314 (1927)

= Elymus philadelphicus var. robustus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 314 (1927)

= Elymus robustus Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 37 (1897)

= Elymus robustus var. vestitus Wiegand; Rhodora 20: 90 (1918)

= Hordeum canadense (L.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2: 745 (1902)

= Hordeum patulum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 199 (1794) [nom. illeg. superfl.]

= Roegneria canadensis (L.) Hyl.; Nordisk Kärlväxtfl. 1: 381 (1953), et in Bot. Not. 358 (1953)

= Sitanion brodiei Piper; Erythea 7: 100 (1899)

= Terrellia canadensis (L.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

= Terrellia canadensis var. glaucifolia (Muhl. ex Willd.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

species :

Elymus caninus (L.) L.; Fl. Suec. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 39 (1755)

Name: Hunds-Quecke (DE), Bearded Couch (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I]); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N-Greece, very rare C-Greece, Mt. Chelmos); Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran; Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); USA [I] (Oregon [I], Washington State [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK 73 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron abchazicum Woronow; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 22: 2 (1912)

= Agropyron alpinum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 810 (1866), pro syn.

= Agropyron biflorum (Brign.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 760 (1817)

= Agropyron caninum (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 102, 146 (1812)

= Agropyron caninum f. coloratum Montell; Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 26: 111 (1951)

= Agropyron caninum f. muticum Holmb.; Bot. Not. 1926: 185 (1926)

= Agropyron caninum f. subglaucum Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron caninum f. submuticum (Peterm.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. biflorum (Brign.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 801 (1882)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. biflorum (Brign.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890), isonym

= Agropyron caninum subsp. majus (Parl.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. pseudocaninum (Schur) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. subtriflorum (Parl.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron caninum var. alpinum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 810 (1866)

= Agropyron caninum var. asperum Opiz; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1(2): 399 (1836)

= Agropyron caninum var. behmii (Melderis) B.Nord.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 66: 32 (1972)

= Agropyron caninum var. biflorum (Brign.) Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 495 (1850)

= Agropyron caninum var. biflorum Opiz; Lotos 3: 64 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron caninum var. dominii Rohlena; Veda Prír. 18: 118 (1932)

= Agropyron caninum var. flexuosum (Harz) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 383 (1908)

= Agropyron caninum var. glabrum Opiz; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1(2): 399 (1836)

= Agropyron caninum var. glaucum Thuill. ex Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 193 (1827)

= Agropyron caninum var. gracile Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 48 (1851)

= Agropyron caninum var. gracilius Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 48 (1851)

= Agropyron caninum var. majus Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 268 (1816)

= Agropyron caninum var. maximum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 1(2): 182 (1850), nom. inval.

= Agropyron caninum var. pauciflorum Schur ex Volkart; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 383 (1908)

= Agropyron caninum var. pauciflorum Volkart; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 383 (1908)

= Agropyron caninum var. rigidum Foucaud; Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise 14: 35 (1893)

= Agropyron caninum var. subrepens Callay; Cat. Pl. Départ. Ardennes 436 (1900)

= Agropyron caninum var. subtriflorum Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 495 (1850)

= Agropyron caninum var. tenue Opiz; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1(2): 399 (1836)

= Agropyron caninum var. triflorum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 810 (1866)

= Agropyron caninum var. ustulatum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 756 (1817)

= Agropyron donianum F.B.White; Scott. Naturalist (Perth) 10: 232 (1890)

= Agropyron pauciflorum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 77 (1859)

= Agropyron pseudocaninum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 91 (1853), pro syn.

= Agropyron rupestre (Fisch. ex Link) Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 409 (1824)

= Agropyron sepium (Lam.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 102 (1812)

= Brachypodium biflorum (Brign.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 543 (1833)

= Brachypodium caninum (L.) F.Herm. ex Lindm.; Sv. Fanerogamfl. 104 (1918)

= Braconotia canina (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 189 (1869)

= Braconotia elymoides Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 3: 193 (1844), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Elymus caninus subsp. biflorus (Brign.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 10: 274 (1975)

= Elymus caninus subsp. donianus (F.B.White) P.D.Seil; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 5: 363 (1996)

= Elymus caninus var. behmii (Melderis) Jaaska; Izv. Akad. Nauk Éstonsk. S.S.R., Ser. Biol. 23: 5 (1974)

= Elymus caninus var. behmii (Melderis) Karlsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 91(5): 249 (1997 publ. 1998), isonym

= Elymus caninus var. donianus (F.B.White) Jaaska; Izv. Akad. Nauk Éstonsk. S.S.R., Ser. Biol. 23: 5 (1974)

= Elymus caninus var. donianus (F.B.White) Melderis; Watsonia 14(4): 392 (1983), isonym

= Elymus caninus var. major Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 2(1): 151 (1789)

= Elymus caninus var. muticus (Holmb.) Karlsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 97: 194 (2003)

= Elymus donianus (F.B.White) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 13: 201 (1964)

= Elymus helveticus Schmid-Holl.; Bauhinia 23: 17 (2011)

= Elymus longispicatus Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 2(4): 7 (1999)

= Elymus pauciflorus Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 207 (1792)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. donianus (F.B.White) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 461 (1984)

= Elytrigia canina (L.) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 285. 539 (1941), in obs.

= Festuca nutans Moench; Methodus [Moench] 191 (1794)

= Goulardia biflora (Brign.) Husn.; Graminées 4: 83 (1899)

= Goulardia canina (L.) Husn.; Gram. Fr. Belg. 83 (1899)

= Roegneria behmii Melderis; Nordisk Kärlväxtfl. 1: 376 (1953), sine descr. lat., et in Bot.-Notiser 358 (1953)

= Roegneria canina (L.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 24 (1933)

= Roegneria canina var. glauca (Hack. ex Celak.) Prokh.; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 162 (1938)

= Roegneria doniana (F.B.White) Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 157 (1950)

= Roegneria tuskaulensis Vassilcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 36 (1953)

= Triticum alpestre Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, N. F. 31(Beil.): 205 (1887-1888 publ. 1888)

= Triticum alpinum G.Don ex Mitt.; London J. Bot. 7: 533 (1848), pro syn.

= Triticum biflorum Brign.; Fasc. Rar. Pl. 18 (1810)

= Triticum caninum f. dasyrrhachis (Celak.) Junge; Gramin. Schlesw.-Holst. 293 (1913)

= Triticum caninum f. gracilius (Lange) Neuman; Sver. Fl. 726 (1901)

= Triticum caninum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 86 (1753), nom. cons. prop.

= Triticum caninum subsp. alpestre Killias; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, N. F. 31: 205 (1888)

= Triticum caninum subsp. biflorum (Brign.) F.Herm.; Fl. Deutschl. Fennoskand. 78 (1912)

= Triticum caninum subsp. gracilius (Lange) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 643 (1901)

= Triticum caninum var. biflorum Blytt; Norges Fl. 1: 165 (1861)

= Triticum caninum var. dasyrrhachis Celak.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vestn. Král. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk., Tr. Mat.-Prír.) 1887: 621 (1888)

= Triticum caninum var. gracilius (Lange) Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 79 (1905)

= Triticum caninum var. lapponicum Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 76 (1856)

= Triticum caninum var. montanum Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 76 (1856)

= Triticum caninum var. nemorale Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 76 (1856)

= Triticum caninum var. pseudocaninum (Schur) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 594 (1887)

= Triticum caninum var. variegatum Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 76 (1856)

= Triticum donianum (F.B.White) Wilmott; Man. Brit. Bot. [Babington], ed. 10: 511 (1922)

= Triticum pseudocaninum Porcius; Analele Acad. Romane, Ser. 2, 14: 315 (1892)

= Triticum repens subsp. biflorum (Brign.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 653 (1901)

= Triticum rupestre Fisch. ex Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 98 (1821)

= Triticum sepium Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 629 (1779)

= Triticum submuticum Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 567 (1846)

= Zeia biflora (Brign.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 226 (1915)

= Zeia canina (L.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 226 (1915)

species :

Elymus caucasicus (K.Koch) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caucasicum (K.Koch) Grossh.; Trudy Bot. Inst. (Baku) 8(48) (Fl. Kavkaza 1): 327 (1939)

= Agropyron roegneri (Griseb.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 662 (1884)

= Roegneria caucasica K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 413 (1848)

= Roegneria linczevskii Czopanov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 6: 24 (1970)

= Triticum roegneri Griseb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 339 (1852)

species :

Elymus cheniae (L.B.Cai) D.F.Cui; Novon 12: 426 (2002)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria cheniae L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 333 (1996)

species :

Elymus churchii J.J.N.Campb.; Sida 22(1): 486 (2006)

Distribution: USA (Arkansas: Conway Co.)

78 USA

species :

Elymus ciliaris (Trin.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (throughout); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron amurense Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 12: 50 (1914)

= Agropyron ciliare (Trin.) Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 7: (Pl. David.) 151 (1884)

= Agropyron ciliare f. macilentum (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare f. mite (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare f. okuyamae Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 96 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare subsp. amurense (Drobow) T.Koyama; Grasses Japan 483 (1987)

= Agropyron ciliare subsp. minor (Miq.) T.Koyama; Grasses Japan 483 (1987)

= Agropyron ciliare var. integrum Keng; Fl. Ill. Pl. Prim. Sin., Gram. 366 (1965)

= Agropyron ciliare var. minor (Miq.) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 67 (1953)

= Agropyron ciliare var. pilosum (Korsh.) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 382 (1927)

= Agropyron integrum (Keng) Keng; Sinensia 11: 411 1940 11: 411 (1940)

= Agropyron japonense var. macilentum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 571 (1936)

= Agropyron mite Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 699 (1935)

= Agropyron racemiferum (Steud.) Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 79 (1930)

= Agropyron semicostatum var. ciliare (Trin.) Hack.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 506 (1903)

= Agropyron semicostatum var. hispidum Hack. ex T.Mori; Enum. Pl. Corea 36 (1922)

= Brachypodium chinense S.Moore; J. Bot. 13: 230 (1875)

= Brachypodium ciliare (Trin.) Maxim.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 54(1): 71 (1879)

= Bromus conformis Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 323 (1854)

= Bromus racemifer Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 323 (1854)

= Elymus amurensis (Drobow) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 348 (1981)

= Elymus ciliaris subsp. amurensis (Drobow) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

= Elymus ciliaris subsp. integris (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 459 (1984), no basionym ref.

= Elymus ciliaris var. amurensis (Drobow) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 228 (1997)

= Elymus racemifer (Steud.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 72 (1974)

= Roegneria amurensis (Drobow) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 606 (1934)

= Roegneria ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 14 (1933), in obs., et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 607 (1934)

= Roegneria ciliaris f. eriocaulis Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 2: 274 (1938)

= Roegneria ciliaris subsp. amurensis (Drobow) Y.H.Zhou, H.Q.Yu & X.H.Wei; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 45(2): 120 (2008)

= Roegneria ciliaris var. pilosa (Korsh.) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941), pro syn.

= Roegneria racemifera (Steud.) Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 42: 220 (1967)

= Triticum ciliare f. pilosum Korsh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 414 (1892)

= Triticum ciliare Trin.; Enum. Pl. China Bor. 72 (1833)

variant :

var. glaberrimus A.V.Agaf. & Kobozeva; Botanica Pacifica 12(1): 148 (2022)

Distribution: Russian Far East

31 RFE

variant :

var. hackelianus (Honda) G.H.Zhu & S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 409 (2006)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ciliare f. hackelianum (Honda) Y.N.Lee; Man. Korean Grasses 100 (1966)

= Agropyron ciliare f. japonense (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare var. hackelianum (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare var. hondae Keng; Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser. 10: 187 (1936), nomen

= Agropyron ciliare var. pauperum Keng; Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser. 10: 187 (1936)

= Agropyron hackelianum (Honda) Beetle; J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 37: 320 (1942)

= Agropyron japonense Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 698 (1935)

= Agropyron japonense var. hackelianum (Honda) Honda; , Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 385 (1927)

= Agropyron japonense var. pubigerum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 59(691â?"692): 14 (1946)

= Agropyron japonicum (Miq.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 42 (1901)

= Agropyron japonicum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 384 (1927), nomen

= Agropyron japonicum var. hackelianum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 384 (1927), species not validly publ.

= Brachypodium japonicum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 286 (1866)

= Brachypodium japonicum var. minus Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 175 (1866)

= Elymus ciliaris subsp. japonicus Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 459 (1984) [nom. nov.]

= Elymus ciliaris var. japonensis (Honda) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 228 (1997)

= Elymus racemifer var. japonensis (Honda) Osada; Ill. Grasses Japan 738 (1989)

= Roegneria ciliaris var. hackeliana (Honda) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 176 (1997)

= Roegneria ciliaris var. japonensis (Honda) C.Yen, J.L.Yang & B.Rong Lu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 10: 269 (1988)

= Roegneria hackeliana (Honda) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 31: 141 (1952)

= Roegneria japonensis (Honda) Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 63 (1963)

= Roegneria japonensis var. hackeliana (Honda) Keng & S.L.Chen; Acta Univ. Nankin. Sci. Nat. 1: 63 (1963)

= Roegneria japonica B.S.Sun; Fl. Yunnan. 9: 417 (2003), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Roegneria racemifera var. hackeliana (Honda) Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 42: 221 (1967)

variant :

var. hirtiflorus (C.P.Wang & H.L.Yang) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 228 (1997)

Distribution: China (Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus sinohirtiflorus S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988) [nom. nov. superfl.

= Roegneria amurensis var. hirtiflora (C.P.Wang & H.L.Yang) L.B.Cai

= Roegneria hirtiflora C.P.Wang & H.L.Yang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 86 (1984)

variant :

var. lasiophyllus (Kitag.) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 409 (2006)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ciliare var. lasiophyllum Kitag.; Rep. Exped. Manchoukuo, Sect. IV, 4 (Index Fl. Jehol.) 60, 98 (1936)

= Elymus ciliaris var. lasiophyllus (Kitag.) Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 2: 285 (1938)

= Roegneria ciliaris var. lasiophylla (Kitag.) Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 2: 285 (1938)

variant :

var. pubifolius A.V.Agaf. & Kobozeva; Botanica Pacifica 12(1): 147 (2022)

Distribution: Russian Far East

31 RFE

variant :

var. submuticus (Honda) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 228 (1997)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ciliare f. submuticum (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 96 (1941)

= Agropyron ciliare var. submuticum Honda; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 27 (1930)

= Roegneria ciliaris var. submutica (Honda) Keng & S.L.Chen; Acta Univ. Nankin. Sci. Nat. 1: 62 (1963)

species :

Elymus clivorum Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 77 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia clivorum (Melderis) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

species :

Elymus colorans (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 457 (1984)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Parwan)

34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron colorans Melderis; Biol. Skr. 14(4) [Symb. Afghan. 6]: 85 (1965)

species :

Elymus confusus (Roshev.) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 22 (1968)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron confusum Roshev.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 5: 150 (1924)

= Agropyron confusum var. pruinosum Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 29: 151 (1924)

= Agropyron confusum var. pubiflorum Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 29: 151 (1924)

= Elymus boreoochotensis A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 109: 25 (1978)

= Elymus confusus subsp. pilosifolius A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 109: 26 (1978)

= Elymus confusus var. breviaristatus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7: 228 (1997)

= Elymus confusus var. pruinosus (Roshev.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 27 (1973)

= Elymus confusus var. pubiflorus (Roshev.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 27 (1973)

= Elymus peschkovae Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1594 (2008), nom. nov.

= Elymus peschkovae var. amgunensis Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1594 (2008)

= Elymus peschkovae var. pilosifolius (A.P.Khokhr.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1594 (2008)

= Elymus pubiflorus (Roshev.) Peschkova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 22: 41 (1985), nom. illeg.

= Elymus sibiricus var. pilosifolius (A.P.Khokhr.) Vorosch.; Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh S.S.S.R. [A.K.Skvortsov] 152 (1985)

= Roegneria confusa (Roshev.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 605 (1934)

= Roegneria confusa subsp. breviaristata (Keng) N.R.Cui; Claves Pl. Xinjiang. 1: 161 (1982)

= Roegneria confusa var. breviaristata Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 52 (1953)

species :

Elymus cordilleranus Davidse & R.W.Pohl; Novon 2(2): 100 (1992) [nom. nov.]

Distribution: Costa Rica; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Risaralda); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

80 COS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron attenuatum (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 751 (1817)

= Agropyron attenuatum var. ruizianum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 34 (1940)

= Agropyron boliviacum P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 25, in clavi, 46 (1901)

= Elymus attenuatus (Kunth) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 473 (1984), nom. illeg.

= Elymus bolivianus (P.Candargy) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 471 (1984)

= Elytrigia attenuata (Kunth) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 562 (1986)

= Triticum attenuatum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: 180 (1816) [non Elymus attenuatus (Griseb.) K. Richt., 1890]

species :

Elymus coreanus Honda; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 17 (1930)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Asperella coreana (Honda) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 693 (1934)

= Asperella sibirica var. longiaristata Hack.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 525 (1904)

= Clinelymus coreanus (Honda) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 571 (1936)

= Elymus dasystachys var. maximoviczii Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 20: 320 (1901)

= Elymus maximoviczii Roshev. ex Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 44 (1936), in syn.

= Hystrix coreana (Honda) Ohwi; J. Jap. Bot. 12: 653 (1936)

= Leymus coreanus (Honda) K.B.Jensen & R.R.-C.Wang; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 158(6): 872 (1997)

species :

Elymus curtiaristatus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 426 (2002)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria curtiaristata L.B.Cai; Guihaia 16(3): 200 (1996)

species :

Elymus curvatiformis (Nevski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984)

Distribution: Tajikistan; ?Afghanistan; Pakistan (Kurram)

32 TZK 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron curvatiforme Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 633 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Goulardia curvatiformis (Nevski) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Badakhshana 59 (1979)

= Roegneria curvatiformis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 69 (1934), in obs.

species :

Elymus curvatus Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 233 (1903)

Name: Virginia wildrye

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus submuticus (Hook.) Smyth; Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 25: 99 (1913)

= Elymus virginicus f. submutica (Hook.) R.W.Pohl; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 38: 549 (1947)

= Elymus virginicus var. arcuatus Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl., ed. 2: 405 (1871)

= Elymus virginicus var. jenkinsii Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 42: 583 (1964)

= Elymus virginicus var. submuticus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 255 (1840)

= Terrella curvata (Piper) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Terrellia curvata (Piper) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 234 (1915)

= Terrellia virginica f. submutica (Hook.) R.W.Pohl; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 38: 549 (1947)

= Terrellia virginica var. submutica (Hook.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

species :

Elymus czimganicus (Drobow) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 22 (1968)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Nepal; NW-India (Uttar Pradesh)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI 40 IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron czimganicum Drobow; Key Pl. Envir. Tashkent [Popov] 40 (1923), et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 40 (1925)

= Elymus czimganicus var. glabrispiculus D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 30 (1990)

= Roegneria czimganica (Drobow) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 604 (1934)

= Roegneria czimganica var. glabrispicula (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: 50 (1996)

= Roegneria glabrispicula (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 167 (1997)

= Roegneria hissarica Popov ex Zakirov; Trudy Uzbeksk. Gosud. Univ. Alishera Navoi. n. s., Biol. 89: 19 (1958), nomen

= Roegneria tschimganica var. glabrispicula (D.F.Cui) Y.H.Wu; Grasses of Karakorum & Kunlun Mts. [Wu & Wang] 78 (1999)

species :

Elymus debilis (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 426 (2002)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria debilis L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 327 (1996)

species :

Elymus dentatus (Hook.f.) Tzvelev; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 18: 33 (1970)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Afghanistan (Badakshan); Pakistan (Gilgit, Baltistan, Deosai, Swat); N-India (Dras, Jammu & Kashmir)

30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron dentatum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 370 (1896)

= Agropyron dentatum var. elatum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 371 (1896)

= Agropyron dentatum var. kashmiricum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 690 (1960)

= Agropyron dentatus var. scabrum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 626 (1932)

= Agropyron lachnophyllum (Ovcz. & Sidorenko) Bondarenko; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 1: 173 (1968)

= Agropyron ugamicum Drobow; Key Pl. Envir. Tashkent [Popov] 41 (1923), et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 40 (1925), not Elymus ugamicus Drobow (loc. cit. 44. 1923)

= Elymus dentatus (Hook.f.) Cope; Fl. Pakistan 143: 623 (1982), isonym

= Elymus dentatus subsp. elatus (Hook.f.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 455 (1984)

= Elymus dentatus subsp. kashmiricus (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 455 (1984)

= Elymus dentatus subsp. lachnophyllus (Ovcz. & Sidorenko) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 21 (1973)

= Elymus dentatus subsp. scaber (Nevski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 455 (1984)

= Elymus dentatus subsp. ugamicus (Drobow) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 21 (1973)

= Elymus dentatus var. dasyphyllus Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 72 (1974)

= Elymus dentatus var. elatus (Hook.f.) G.Singh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 8(2): 497 (1986)

= Elymus dentatus var. kashmiricus (Melderis) G.Singh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 8(2): 497 (1986)

= Elymus dentatus var. scaber (Nevski) G.Singh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 8: 497 (1986)

= Elymus gmelinii subsp. ugamicus (Drobow) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 456 (1984)

= Elymus lachnophyllus (Ovcz. & Sidorenko) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

= Elymus nevskii Tzvelev; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 18: 29 (1970)

= Roegneria dentata (Hook.f.) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 69 (1934)

= Roegneria lachnophylla Ovcz. & Sidorenko; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 505 (1957)

= Roegneria ugamica (Drobow) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 69 (1934) non Elymus ugamicus Drobow (1925)

= Semeiostachys dentata (Hook.f.) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281 (1941), in obs.

= Semeiostachys ugamica (Drobow) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 284 (1941)

species :

Elymus diversiglumis Scribn. & Ball; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 48, f. 22 (1901)

Name: Diverseglume wildrye

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Terrellia diversiglumis (Scribn. & Ball) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1915. 4: 228

species :

Elymus dolichatherus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 453 (1984)

Distribution: China (Ningxia, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron dolichatherum Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 19 (1963), pro syn.

= Elymus dolichatherus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China (2006), isonym

= Roegneria dolichathera Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 19 (1963)

= Roegneria dolichathera var. glabrifolia Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 20 (1963)

species :

Elymus dolichorhachis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; Fl. Kunlunica 4: 559 (2013)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus dorudicus (Assadi) Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 23(2): 81 (2017), et Fl. Iran [ed. M. Assadi et al.] 152: 433 (2023)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus nodosus subsp. dorudicus Assadi; Willdenowia 26(1-2): 258 (1996)

species :

Elymus durus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 412 (2006)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachypodium durum Keng; Sunyatsenia 6: 54 (1941)

= Elymus sclerus Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 448 (1984), nom. nov. illeg.

= Roegneria czimganica var. variiglumis (Keng & S.L.Chen) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34: 160 (1997)

= Roegneria dura (Keng) Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 54 (1963)

= Roegneria dura var. variiglumis Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 54 (1963)

species :

Elymus duthiei (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 639 (1983)

Distribution: Tibet; India (Simla, Kunawur, Mussoorie, Dehra Dun, Kumaon, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

36 TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus longiaristatus subsp. duthiei (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 468 (1984), nom. nov.

= Agropyron duthiei Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 690 (1960)

species :

Elymus edelbergii (Melderis) O.Anders & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 12: 313 (1976)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar)

34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron edelbergii Melderis; Biol. Skr. 14(4) [Symb. Afghan. 6]: 87 (1965)

= Agropyron edelbergii var. kerstanii Melderis; Biol. Skr. 14(4): 88 (1965)

= Elymus edelbergii (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984), isonym

species :

Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey; Nebraska Fl. Pl. 15 (1891)

subspecies :

subsp. elymoides

Name: Squirreltail (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Aegilops hystrix Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 1: 86 (1818) [nom. nov.]

= Chretomeris trichoides Nutt. ex J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 15 (1899) [nom. inval.]

= Elymus difformis Nutt. ex J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 15 (1889), pro syn.

= Elymus glaber (J.G.Sm.) Burtt Davy; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 1: 57 (1902)

= Elymus hystrix (Nutt.) M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 20 (1912), nom. illeg.

= Elymus minor (J.G.Sm.) M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 20 (1912)

= Elymus sitanion Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 426 (1824) [nom. nov.]

= Hordeum elymoides (Raf.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 109 (1907), in clavi

= Polyantherix hystrix (Nutt.) Nees; Ann. Nat. Hist. 1: 284 (1838)

= Sitanion albescens Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 36: 57 (1903)

= Sitanion basalticola Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 234 (1903)

= Sitanion ciliatum Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 36: 58 (1903)

= Sitanion cinereum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 14 (1899)

= Sitanion elymoides Raf.; J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 89: 103 (1819)

= Sitanion glabrum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 14 (1899)

= Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 15, pl. 2 (1899)

= Sitanion latifolium Piper; Erythea 7: 99 (1899)

= Sitanion minus J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 12 (1899)

= Sitanion montanum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 16 (1899)

= Sitanion rigidum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 13 (1899)

= Sitanion strigosum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 17 (1899)

subspecies :

subsp. californicus (J.G.Sm.) Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 306 (1997 publ. 1998)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus elymoides var. californicus (J.G.Sm.) J.P.Sm.; Aliso 28: 65 (2010)

= Sitanion californicum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 13 (1899)

= Sitanion hystrix var. californicum (J.G.Sm.) F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 15: 316 (1963)

= Sitanion minus var. californicum (J.G.Sm.) I.M.Johnst.; Pl. World 22: 81 (1919)

= Sitanion rigidum var. californicum (J.G.Sm.) Smiley; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 9: 99 (1921)

species :

Elymus erosiglumis Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 78 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia erosiglumis (Melderis) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

species :

Elymus fedtschenkoi Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 21 (1973), nom. nov.

Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit, Astor); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

30 SIB 32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron curvatum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 629 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron ×macrolepis Drobow; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 41 (1925)

= Elymus buchtarmensis Kotukhov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 91 (1992)

= Elymus curvatus (Nevski) D.F.Cui; Fl. Xinjiangensis 6: 197 (1996), homonym, non Piper (1903)

= Elymus ×macrolepis (Drobow) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 217 (1968)

= Roegneria curvata (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 67 (1934) non Elymus curvatus Piper (1903)

= Roegneria fedtschenkoi (Tzvelev) J.L.Yang & C.Yen; Canad. J. Bot. 69(2): 288 (1991), isonym

= Roegneria fedtschenkoi (Tzvelev) N.R.Cui; Claves Pl. Xinjiang. 1: 158 (1982)

= Semeiostachys ×macrolepis (Drobow) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 282 (1941)

species :

Elymus festucoides (Maire) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 217 (1998)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron embergeri Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100 (1942)

= Agropyron festucoides Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 8: 14a (1929)

= Agropyron maroccanum Sennen & Mauricio; Diagn. Nouv. 169 (1936)

= Agropyron pseudofestucoides Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 191 (1935)

= Elymus embergeri (Maire) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 217 (1998)

= Elytrigia embergeri (Maire) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

= Festucopsis festucoides (Maire) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 442 (1984)

= Roegneria festucoides (Maire) Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. (2010)

species :

Elymus fibrosus (Schrenk) Tzvelev; Sched. Herb. Fl. URSS 18: 29 (1970)

Distribution: N-Finland; Latvia [I]; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Siberia (Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan

10 FIN 14 lat RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron fibrosum (Schrenk) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 24, in clavi, 44 (1901)

= Agropyron tobolense Gorodkov ex Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 38: 147 (1924), nomen

= Elymus fibrosus subsp. subfibrosus (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 25 (1973)

= Elymus goloskokovii Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 7(4): 8 (2004)

= Elymus subfibrosus (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Sched. Herb. Fl. URSS 18: 30 (1970), in obs.

= Eremopyrum fibrosum (Schrenk) P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 34 (1901)

= Roegneria fibrosa (Schrenk) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 70 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria subfibrosa Tzvelev; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 2: 238 (1964)

= Triticum fibrosum Schrenk; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 3: 209 (1845)

species :

Elymus formosanus (Honda) S.S.Ying ex Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 449 (1984)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron formosanum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 385 (1927)

= Elymus formosanus (Honda) S.S.Ying; Mem. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 31(1): 33 (1991), isonym

= Elymus formosanus var. pubiger (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7: 228 (1997)

= Roegneria formosana (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 95 (1941), in adnot.

= Roegneria formosana var. longiaristata Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 3(1): 59 (1963)

= Roegneria formosana var. pubigera Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1: 60 (1963)

species :

Elymus fursaevii (Laktionov, Tzvelev & Mavrodiev) comb.ined.

Distribution: S-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia fursaevii Laktionov, Tzvelev & Mavrodiev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 45: 19 (2014)

species :

Elymus glaberrimus (Keng & S.L.Chen) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus glaberrimus var. breviaristus S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 29 (1990)

= Roegneria breviarista (S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 170 (1997)

= Roegneria glaberrima Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 72 (1963)

= Roegneria glaberrima var. breviarista (S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: 49 (1996)

species :

Elymus glaucissimus (Popov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron glaucissimum Popov; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., Biol. 47: 84 (1938)

= Roegneria glaucissima (Popov) Filat.; Ill. Opred. Rast. Kazakh. 1: 114 (1969)

species :

Elymus glaucus Buckley; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 99 (1862 publ. 1863)

subspecies :

subsp. glaucus

Name: Blue wildrye

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus glaucus (Buckley) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 648 (1932)

= Clinelymus glaucus subsp. californicus Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 649 (1932)

= Clinelymus glaucus subsp. coloratus Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 648 (1932)

= Elymus americanus Cassidy; Bull. Colorado Agric. Exp. Sta. 12: 57 (1890), nom. illeg.

= Elymus americanus Vasey & Scribn.; Cat. Canad. Pl. 2(4): 245 (1888), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Elymus angustifolius Burtt Davy; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 80 (1901)

= Elymus angustifolius var. caespitosus Burtt Davy; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 81 (1901)

= Elymus glaucus var. breviaristatus Burtt Davy; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 79 (1901)

= Elymus glaucus var. hirsutus Malte; Canad. Field-Naturalist 26: 146 (1913), nomen

= Elymus glaucus var. marginatus (Rydb.) M.E.Jones; Univ. Wash. Publ. Biol. 5: 110 (1936)

= Elymus glaucus var. maximus Burtt Davy; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 79 (1901)

= Elymus hispidulus Burtt Davy; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 79 (1901)

= Elymus howellii Scribn. & Merr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 88 (1910)

= Elymus marginalis Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 539 (1909)

= Elymus nitidus Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 13: 120 (1886)

= Elymus petersonii Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 540 (1909)

= Elymus pubescens Burtt Davy; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 78 (1901)

= Elymus sibiricus var. americanus S.Watson & J.M.Coult.; Manual [A.Gray] ed. 6: 673 (1890)

= Elymus sibiricus var. glaucus (Buckley) Ramaley; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 9: 112 (1894)

= Elymus strigatus H.St.John; Rhodora 17: 102 (1915)

= Elymus villosus var. glabriusculus Torr.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5, no. 4) [Whipple] 157 (1857)

= Terrellia glauca (Buckley) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

subspecies :

subsp. jepsonii (Burtt Davy) Gould; Madroño 9(4): 126 (1947)

Name: Jepson´s blue wildrye

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus glaucus var. pubescens Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 649 (1932)

= Clinelymus velutinus (Scribn. & Merr.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 649 (1932)

= Elymus divergens Burtt Davy; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 80 (1901)

= Elymus edentatus Suksd.; Werdenda 1(2): 4 (1923)

= Elymus glaucus f. jepsonii (Burtt Davy) H.St.John; Fl. S.-e. Washington [St.John] 42 (1937)

= Elymus glaucus var. jepsonii Burtt Davy; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 79 (1901)

= Elymus glaucus var. tenuis Vasey; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1(8): 280 (1893)

= Elymus parishii Burtt Davy & Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 1: 58 (1902)

= Elymus velutinus Scribn. & Merr.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 466 (1902)

subspecies :

subsp. mackenzii (Bush) J.J.N.Campb.; J. Kentucky Acad. Sci. 61(2): 93 (2000)

Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus mackenzii Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 53 (1926)

subspecies :

subsp. virescens (Piper) Gould; Madroño 9(4): 126 (1947)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus glaucus subsp. virescens (Piper) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 450 (1984)

= Elymus virescens Piper; Erythea 7: 101 (1899)

species :

Elymus gmelinii (Trin.) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 216 (1968)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu)

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caninum var. gmelinii (Trin.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 75 (1910)

= Agropyron gmelinii (Trin.) Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 30 (1897)

= Agropyron gmelinii subsp. tenuisetum (Ohwi) T.Koyama; Grasses Japan 484 (1987)

= Agropyron gmelinii var. planifolia Gudoschn.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 83: 3 (1965)

= Agropyron gmelinii var. tenuisetum (Ohwi) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. [Ohwi] 105 (1953), no basionym ref.

= Agropyron turczaninowii Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 12: 47 (1914)

= Agropyron turczaninowii var. macratherum Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 98 (1941)

= Agropyron turczaninowii var. tenuisetum Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941)

= Elymus gmelinii subsp. tenuisetus (Ohwi) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 456 (1984)

= Elymus gmelinii var. macrantherus (Ohwi) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 426 (2002)

= Elymus gmelinii var. tenuisetus (Ohwi) Osada; Ill. Grasses Japan 738 (1989), without basionym ref., et in J. Jap. Bot. 65(9): 266 (1990), with basionym ref.

= Elymus sarymsactensis Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 2(4): 6 (1999)

= Elymus tarbagataicus Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 1(1): 20 (1998)

= Elytrigia czindogatuica Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 1(1): 13 (1998)

= Pseudoroegneria gmelinii (Trin.) Sennikov; Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Tian-Shan 92 (2021)

= Roegneria gmelinii (Trin.) Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 91 (1939)

= Roegneria gmelinii var. macrathera (Ohwi) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 108 (1979)

= Roegneria gmelinii var. tenuiseta Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941), pro syn.

= Roegneria macrathera (Ohwi) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 176 (1997)

= Roegneria turczaninowii (Drobow) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 68 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria turczaninowii var. macrathera Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10(2): 98 (1941)

= Roegneria turczaninowii var. pohuashanensis Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 3(1): 67 (1963)

= Roegneria turczaninowii var. tenuiseta Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 97 (1941), pro syn.

= Semeiostachys turczaninovii (Drobow) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281, in obs., 539 (1941)

= Trisetum gmelinii Trin.; Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 1: 66 (1836)

= Triticum caninum var. gmelinii Trin.; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 1: 118 (1829)

= Triticum gmelinii (Trin.) Printz; Veg. Siber.-Mongol. Front. 141 (1921), nom. illeg.

= Triticum rupestre Turcz. ex Ganesch.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 13: 33 (1915) non Link (1821)

species :

Elymus grandis (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 458 (1984)

Distribution: China (Henan, Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria grandis Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 45 (1963)

= Elymus grandis (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 420 (2006)

species :

Elymus hirsutus J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 264 (1830)

Name: Northern ryegrass

Distribution: Aleutes; SE-Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus borealis (Scribn.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 645 (1932)

= Elymus borealis Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 27: 9 (1900), nom. nov.

= Elymus ciliatus Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 57, pl. 16 (1898) [nom. illeg., non Muhl. 1817]

species :

Elymus hispanicus (Boiss.) Talavera; Lagascalia 14(1): 170 (1986)

subspecies :

subsp. hispanicus

Distribution: S-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron panormitanum var. hispanicum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 680 (1844)

= Roegneria canina subsp. hispanica (Boiss.) Kerguélen; Coll. Patrim. Nat. 8 (Index Synonym. Fl. France): xvi (1993)

subspecies :

subsp. sirouana (Quézel) Ibn Tattou; Fl. Prat. Maroc 3: 681 (& 623) (2014)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron panormitanum subsp. sirouanum Quézel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Phys. Maroc 34: 299 (1954)

= Elymus panormitanus subsp. sirouanus (Quézel) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 218 (1998)

= Roegneria canina subsp. sirouana (Quézel) Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. (2010)

= Roegneria sirouana (Quézel) Ibn Tattou; Fl. Vasc. Maroc 2: 284 (2009)

species :

Elymus hitchcockii Davidse; Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45 [Cat. Flow. Pl. Gymn. Peru]: 1258 (1993) [nom. nov.]

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron breviaristatum Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24: 353 (1927)

= Elymus breviaristatus (Hitchc.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 471 (1984) nom. illeg.

= Elytrigia breviaristata (Hitchc.) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 562 (1986)

species :

Elymus hoffmannii K.B.Jensen & Asay; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 157: 758 (1996)

Distribution: USA (Idaho)

73 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia hoffmannii (K.B.Jensen & Asay) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 40(2): 200 (2010)

species :

Elymus hondae (Kitag.) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria hondae Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 6(4): 118 (1942)

= Roegneria hondae var. fascinata Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 26 (1963)

species :

Elymus hongyuanensis (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 426 (2002)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria hongyuanensis L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 157 (1997)

species :

Elymus hordeoides (Suksd.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey; Amer. J. Bot. 72(5): 772 (1985)

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus elymoides subsp. hordeoides (Suksd.) Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 306 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Elymus elymoides var. hordeoides (Suksd.) J.P.Sm.; Aliso 28: 65 (2010)

= Sitanion hordeoides Suksd.; Werdenda 1: 4 (1923)

= Sitanion hystrix var. hordeoides (Suksd.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 1: 701 (1969)

species :

Elymus humilis (Keng & S.L.Chen) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria humilis Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 40 (1963)

species :

Elymus hybridus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Jiangsu)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria hybrida Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 18 (1963)

= Roegneria tsukushiensis var. hybrida (Keng) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35: 167 (1997)

species :

Elymus hystrix L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 560 (1753)

Name: Bottlebrush Grass (EN), Flaschen-Bürstengras, Gewöhnliches Bürstengras (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Azores [I] (Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Terceira [I]); Japan [I] (Honshu [I]); Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

11 ger 21 azo 38 jap 71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Asperella americana Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s., 5: 151 (1835)

= Asperella angustifolia Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s., 5: 151 (1835)

= Asperella echidnea Raf.; Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 4: 190 (1819)

= Asperella hystrix (L.) Humb.; Bot. Mag. [Römer & Usteri] 7: 5 (1790)

= Asprella americana Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s., 5: 151 (1835)

= Asprella angustifolia Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s., 5: 151 (1835)

= Asprella echidnea Raf.; Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 4: 190 (1819), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Asprella hystrix (L.) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 100 (1821), isonym

= Asprella hystrix (L.) Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 132 (1809)

= Asprella major Fresen.; Index Sem. (Frankfurt) 1836: 4 (1836)

= Asprella major Fresen. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 152 (1841) [nom. inval.]

= Elymus pseudohystrix Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 427 (1824) [nom. superfl.]

= Gymnostichum hystrix (L.) Schreb.; Beschr. Gras. 2: 127, pl. 47 (1810)

= Gymnostichum hystrix var. majus (Fresen.) Eichler; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1882: 4 (1882)

= Gymnostichum majus (Fresen.) Heynh.; Nomencl. Bot. Hort. 371 (1840)

= Gymnostichum patulum (Moench) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

= Hordeum hystrix (L.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 109 (1907), nom. illeg.

= Hystrix elymoides Mack. & Bush; Man. Fl. Jackson County 39 (1902), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Hystrix hystrix (L.) Millsp.; Fl. W. Virginia 474 (1892), nom. inval.

= Hystrix patula Moench; Methodus [Moench] 295 (1794)

= Zeocriton hystrix (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 114, t. 21, f. 115 (1812)

variant :

var. bigelovianus (Fernald) Mohlenbr.; Ill. Fl. Illinois, Grasses: Bromus-Paspalum 206 (1972)

Distribution: USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Asperella hystrix var. bigeloviana Fernald; Rhodora 24: 230 (1922)

= Elymus hystrix f. bigelovianus (Fernald) Dore; Naturaliste Canad. 103: 557 (1976)

= Hystrix bigeloviana (Fernald) Carp.; Joint Bull. Vermont Bot. Bird Clubs 10: 25 (1924)

= Hystrix patula f. bigeloviana (Fernald) Gleason; Phytologia 4: 21 (1952)

= Hystrix patula var. bigeloviana (Fernald) Deam; Publ. Dept. Conservation Indiana 82: 117 (1929)

variant :

var. piedmontanus D.B.Poind. & Weakley; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 11(2): 318 (2017)

Distribution: USA (North Carolina)

78 USA

species :

Elymus interruptus Buckley; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 99 (1862 publ. 1863)

Name: Texas wildrye

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas)

76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus canadensis var. interruptus (Buckley) Church; Rhodora 69: 133 (1967)

= Elymus occidentalis Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 13: 49 (1898)

= Elymus virginicus subsp. interruptus (Buckley) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 452 (1984)

species :

Elymus intramongolicus (Shan Chen & W.Gao) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Nei Mongol)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria intramongolica Shan Chen & W.Gao; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(4): 93 (1979)

species :

Elymus ircutensis Peschkova; Fl. Sibir. (Poaceae) 2: 23 (1990)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia)

30 SIB

species :

Elymus jacquemontii (Hook.f.) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 221 (1968)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan); China (Xinjiang); Tibet; Pakistan (Karakorum); NW-India (Uttarakhand, Ladakh)

32 TZK 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron jacquemontii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 369 (1896)

= Anthosachne jacquemontii (Hook.f.) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 65 (1934), in clavi, et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 598 (1934)

= Bromus tataricus Jacq. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 369 (1896), pro syn.

= Elymus harsukhii H.S.Dubey & S.N.Dixit; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 12: 227 (1988)

= Elymus jacquemontii (Hook.f.) Cope; Fl. Pakistan 143: 622 (1982), isonym

= Roegneria jacquemontii (Hook.f.) Ovcz. & Sidorenko; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 1: 295 (1957)

species :

Elymus jacutensis (Drobow) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan)

30 SIB 31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron jacutense Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 94 (1916)

= Agropyron pubescens Schischk.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 1928(2): 1 (1928), cum descr. emend. non Elymus pubescens Burtt Davy (1901)

= Agropyron tugarinovii Reverd.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Tomsk. Univ. 1932(4): 1 (1932)

= Agropyron tunguscense Drobow ex Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 25 (1933), in obs., pro syn.

= Elytrigia kaachemica Lomon. & Krasnob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 67(8): 1138 (1982)

= Roegneria jacutensis (Drobow) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 24 (1933), in obs., et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 625 (1934)

= Roegneria pubescens (Schischk.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 626 (1934) 2: 626 (1934)

= Roegneria trinii Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 55 (1936), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Triticum pubescens Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 2: 529 (1835), nom. illeg., non M. Bieb. (1800) nec Hornem. (1813)

species :

Elymus karakabinicus Kotukhov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 89 (1992)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Mongolia

32 KAZ 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus karakabinicus (Kotukhov) Olshanskyi; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 80(2): 130 (2023), nbom. illeg.

species :

Elymus khokhrjakovii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1594 (2008)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan)

31 RFE

species :

Elymus kuramensis (Melderis) Cope; Fl. Pakistan 143: 617 (1982)

Distribution: Pakistan (Kurram); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron kuramense Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 691 (1960)

= Elymus kuramensis (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984), isonym

= Elymus kuramensis var. stokensis A.Chauhan & D.K.Singh; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 47: 147 (2005 publ. 2006)

species :

Elymus lancangensis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; J. Jap. Bot. 82(6): 333 (2007)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould; Madroño 10: 94 (1949)

subspecies :

subsp. lanceolatus

Name: Thickspike wheatgrass

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

30 SIB 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn. & Sm.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 10: 78 (1883)

= Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Vasey; Grasses U.S. 45 (1883), isonym

= Agropyron dasystachyum var. riparium (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 43: (1434) 1965

= Agropyron dasystachyum var. subvillosum (Hook.) Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 33 (1897)

= Agropyron distachyum Vasey; Manual [A.Gray] ed. 6: 671 (1890)

= Agropyron elmeri Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 54, pl. 12 (1898)

= Agropyron karawaewii P.A.Smirn.; Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 30(2): 69 (1945)

= Agropyron lanceolatum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 34 (1897)

= Agropyron riparium Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 35 (1897)

= Agropyron smithii var. riparium (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 19 (1912)

= Agropyron subvillosum (Hook.) E.E.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 38: 378 (1904)

= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. villosum (Drobow) St.-Yves ex Litard.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 82: 508 (1935 publ. 1936)

= Brachypodium villosum Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 12: 105 (1914) non Agropyron villosum Link (1827) nec Roegneria villosa V. N. Vassil. (1954)

= Elymus karawaewii (P.A.Smirn.) Chepinoga; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 126 (2023)

= Elymus lanceolatus subsp. riparius (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Barkworth; Sida 22(1): 498 (2006)

= Elymus lanceolatus var. riparius (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 298 (1988)

= Elymus riparius (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould; Madroño 9: 127 (1947), nom. illeg.

= Elymus rydbergii Gould; Madroño 10: 94 (1949) [nom. nov.]

= Elymus subvillosus (Hook.) Gould; Madroño 9(4): 127 (1947)

= Elytrigia dasystachya (Hook.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 33 (1954)

= Elytrigia riparia (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Phytologia 55(3): 211 (1984)

= Elytrigia villosa (Drobow) Tzvelev; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 2: 247 (1964)

= Roegneria karawaewii (P.A.Smirn.) Karav.; Konspekt. Fl. Yakut. 59 (1958)

= Triticum dasystachyum (Hook.) A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray] 602 (1848)

= Triticum repens var. acutum Vasey ex Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 34 (1897) [nom. inval.]

= Triticum repens var. dasystachyum Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 254 (1840)

= Triticum repens var. subvillosum Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 254 (1840)

= Zeia dasystachya (Hook.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 226 (1915)

= Zeia riparia (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 227 (1915)

subspecies :

subsp. psammophilus (J.M.Gillett & Senn) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 167 (1980)

Name: Great Lakes wheatgrass

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Michigan, Wisconsin)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron dasystachyum var. psammophilum (J.M.Gillett & Senn) Voss; Rhodora 68: 437 (1966)

= Agropyron psammophilum J.M.Gillett & Senn; Canad. J. Bot. 39: 1170 (1961)

= Elytrigia dasystachya subsp. psammophila (J.M.Gillett & Senn) D.R.Dewey; Brittonia 35(1): 31 (1983)

= Elytrigia dasystachya var. psammophila (J.M.Gillett & Senn) Cronquist; Man. Vasc. Pl. NorthE. U.S. Canad., ed. 2: 864 (1991)

species :

Elymus laxinodis (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 427 (2002)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria laxinodis L.B.Cai; Guihaia 16(3): 199 (1996)

species :

Elymus laxulus (Hohla & H.Scholz) W.Lippert & Meierott ex Hohla; Kochia 10: 58 (2017)

Name: Aufgelockerte Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayeren); Austria

11 AUT GER

Remarks: status disputed, possibly only a variety of E. campestris or athericus

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus laxulus (Hohla & H.Scholz) W.Lippert & Meierott; Komment. Artenliste Farn- Blütenpfl. Bayerns 118 (2014), nom. inval.

= Elytrigia laxula Hohla & H.Scholz; Stapfia 95: 49 (2011)

species :

Elymus lazicus (Boiss.) Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 79 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. lazicus

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron lazicum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 661 (1884)

= Elytrigia lazica (Boiss.) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

subspecies :

subsp. attenuatiglumis (Nevski) Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 79 (1984)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey; Iran

33 AZE 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron attenuatiglume Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 636 (1934)

= Elytrigia attenuatiglumis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 78 (1936)

= Elytrigia divaricata subsp. attenuatiglumis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 28 (1973)

= Pseudoroegneria divaricata subsp. attenuatiglumis (Nevski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 444 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. divaricatus (Boiss. & Balansa) Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 79 (1984)

Distribution: NC-Greece (Mt. Pinovon); Turkey

13 GRC 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron divaricatum Boiss. & Balansa; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 307 (1857)

= Elytrigia divaricata (Boiss. & Balansa) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 78 (1936)

= Elytrigia lazica subsp. divaricata (Boiss. & Balansa) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

= Pseudoroegneria divaricata (Boiss. & Balansa) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 444 (1984)

= Triticum divaricatum (Boiss. & Balansa) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 6: 1048 (1861)

subspecies :

subsp. iranicus Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 23(2): 78 (2017), et Fl. Iran [ed. M. Assadi et al.] 152: 468 (2023)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

subspecies :

subsp. lomatolepis Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 79 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia lazica subsp. lomatolepis (Melderis) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)

= Elymus divaricatus subsp. lomatolepis (Melderis) Cabi & Dogan; Türk. Bitkileri List. 714 (2012)

species :

Elymus leiotropis (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 449 (1984)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria leiotropis Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 58 (1963)

= Elymus leiotropis (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 417 (2006), isonym

species :

Elymus lenensis (Popov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

Distribution: Siberia (Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk)

30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron lenense Popov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 3 (1957)

= Elymus lenensis var. kuvajevii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1595 (2008)

= Roegneria lenensis Tzvelev; Fl. Srednei Sibiri 1: 113 (1957), pro syn.

species :

Elymus lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 382 (1978)

Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron akmolinense Drobow ex Roshev.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 38: 147 (1924), nomen

= Agropyron ciliolatum Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 650 (1934)

= Agropyron lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 29, in clavi, 49 (1901)

= Agropyron lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) Roshev.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 38: 146 (1924), isonym

= Elytrigia ciliolata (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 84 (1936)

= Elytrigia lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 61 (1934)

= Elytrigia lolioides var. ciliolatum (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 127 (1975)

= Elytrigia pachyneura Prokudin; Uchen. Zap. Khar´kovsk. Gosud. Univ. Gor´kogo 22: 137 (1941)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. lolioides (Kar. & Kir.) Á.Löve; Taxon 35: 198 (1986)

= Triticum lolioides Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14: 866 (1841), nom. illeg.

species :

Elymus longearistatus (Boiss.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 62 (1972)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghorat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Parwan); Tibet; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Deosai, Baltistan, Gilgit); Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Dras, Zanskar, Kashmir)

32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron aitchisonii (Boiss.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes (Archiv. Biol. Veg., Athenes. Fasc. 1) 20, in clavi, 40 (1901)

= Agropyron canaliculatum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 509 (1932)

= Agropyron flexuosissimum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 510 (1932)

= Agropyron longearistatum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 660 (1884)

= Agropyron longearistatum var. aitchisonii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 660 (1884)

= Agropyron longearistatum var. haussknechtii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 660 (1884)

= Anthosachne longearistata (Boiss.) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 64 (1934), et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 598 (1934)

= Anthosachne longearistata var. arvasi Czopanov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 73 (1974)

= Brachypodium longearistatum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 127 (1846)

= Brachypodium tataricum Munro ex Aitch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 109 (1881), nomen, ex Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 373 (1896)

= Elymus badachschanicus (Tzvelev) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Badakhshana 57 (1979)

= Elymus canaliculatus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 220 (1968)

= Elymus longearistatus subsp. badachschanicus Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 62 (1972)

= Elymus longearistatus subsp. canaliculatus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 62 (1972)

= Elymus longearistatus subsp. flexuosissimus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 26 (1973)

= Elymus longearistatus subsp. litvinovii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 26 (1973)

= Elymus longearistatus subsp. sintenisii Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 79 (1984)

= Elymus ×incertus Hartm.; Candollea 39: 519 (1984)

= Festuca longearistata (Boiss.) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 943 (1849)

= Roegneria canaliculata (Nevski) Ohwi; Results Kyoto Univ. Sci. Exped. Karakoram 8: 76 (1955 publ. 1966)

= Roegneria longearistata (Boiss.) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 280 (1941)

= Roegneria longearistata var. canaliculata (Nevski) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 165 (1997)

= Roegneria nevskiana E.Nikit. ex Zakirov; Trudy Uzbeksk. Gosud. Univ. Alishera Navoi. n. s., Biol. 89: 19 (1958), nomen

= Triticum longearistatum (Boiss.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 346 (1854)

species :

Elymus longifolius (J.G.Sm.) Gould; Brittonia 26(1): 60 (1974)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Coahuila, Valle de Mexico, Puebla, etc.)

73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus brevifolius (J.G.Sm.) Holm; Bot. Gaz. 46: 427 (1908)

= Elymus brevifolius (J.G.Sm.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 20 (1912), isonym

= Elymus elymoides subsp. brevifolius (J.G.Sm.) Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 305 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Elymus elymoides var. brevifolius (J.G.Sm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 298 (1988)

= Elymus pubiflorus (J.G.Sm.) Burtt Davy & Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 1: 58 (1902)

= Sitanion brevifolium J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 17 (1899)

= Sitanion caespitosum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 16 (1899)

= Sitanion hystrix var. brevifolium (J.G.Sm.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 1: 701 (1969)

= Sitanion longifolium J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 18 (1899)

= Sitanion molle J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 17 (1899)

= Sitanion pubiflorum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 19 (1899)

species :

Elymus macgregorii R.E.Brooks & J.J.N.Campb.; J. Kentucky Acad. Sci. 61(2): 88 (2000)

Distribution: USA (North Dakota, E-South Dakota, E-Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, N-Florida, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus macgregorii var. hirsutispiculus A.Haines; Bot. Notes 15: 7 (2020)

species :

Elymus macrochaetus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron macrochaetum (Nevski) Bondarenko; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 1: 170 (1968)

= Roegneria macrochaeta Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 612 (1934)

= Semeiostachys macrochaeta (Nevski) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281 (1941)

species :

Elymus macrourus (Turcz. ex Steud.) Tzvelev; Sched. Herb. Fl. URSS 18: 30 (1970)

Name: Tufted wheatgrass

Distribution: Iceland; Norway; Sweden; Finland; N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Sakhalin); China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Yunnan); Mongolia; Alaska; Canada (Northern Territories, Yukon)

10 FIN ICE NOR SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 70 ASK CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron boreale (Turcz.) Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 84 (1916)

= Agropyron boreale subsp. scandicum (Nevski) Kuvaev; Fl. Subarkt. Gor Evraz. 80 (2006), nom. inval.

= Agropyron dasystachyum var. sericeum (Hitchc.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 520 (1967)

= Agropyron kronokense Kom.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 87 (1914)

= Agropyron latiglume subsp. eurasiaticum Hultén; Fl. Alaska & Yukon 259 (1942)

= Agropyron latiglume subsp. subalpinum (Neuman) Vestergr.; Skand. Fl. 2: 272 (1926)

= Agropyron macrourum (Turcz. ex Steud.) Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 86, pl. 9, f. 2 (1916)

= Agropyron nomokonovii Popov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 3 (1957)

= Agropyron sericeum Hitchc.; Amer. J. Bot. 2: 309 (1915)

= Agropyron turuchanense Reverd.; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Tomsk. Univ. 1932(4): 2 (1932)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. borealis (Turcz.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. borealis (Turcz.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76(4): 374 (1978), isonym

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. islandicus (Melderis) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. kronokensis (Kom.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 462 (1984)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. scandicus (Nevski) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 375 (1978)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. subalpinus (L.Neuman) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. subalpinus (L.Neuman) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 375 (1978), isonym

= Elymus besczetnovae Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 2(4): 9 (1999)

= Elymus borealis (Turcz.) D.F.Cui; Fl. Xinjiangensis 6: 184 (1996), homonym, non Scribn. 1900

= Elymus borealis var. scandicus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 2: 217 (1968)

= Elymus dasyphyllus (A.P.Khokhr.) A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadan. Obl. 67 (1985), no basionym cited.

= Elymus kronokensis (Kom.) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 216 (1968)

= Elymus kronokensis subsp. borealis (Turcz.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus kronokensis subsp. dasyphyllus A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 109: 27 (1979)

= Elymus kronokensis subsp. scandicus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 182 (2000)

= Elymus kronokensis subsp. subalpinus (L.Neuman) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus kronokensis var. borealis (Turcz.) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 2: 217 (1968)

= Elymus kronokensis var. dasyphyllus (A.P.Khokhr.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1595 (2008)

= Elymus kronokensis var. scandicus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 217 (1968)

= Elymus leianthus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 229 (1997)

= Elymus macrourus subsp. neplianus (V.N.Vassil.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 25 (1973)

= Elymus macrourus subsp. pilosivaginatus (Jurtzev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 363 (1995)

= Elymus macrourus subsp. turuchanensis (Reverd.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 63 (1971)

= Elymus macrourus var. neplianus (V.N.Vassil.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1595 (2008)

= Elymus macrourus var. pilosivaginatus (Jurtzev) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1595 (2008)

= Elymus neoborealis A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadan. Obl. 67 (1985)

= Elymus neplianus (V.N.Vassil.) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 350 (1981)

= Elymus scandicus (Nevski & Nevski) A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadan. Obl. 67 (1985)

= Elymus scandicus (Nevski & Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 74 (2006), isonym

= Elymus scandicus var. borealis (Turcz.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 74 (2006)

= Elymus turuchanensis (Reverd.) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 351 (1981)

= Kengyilia leiantha (Keng) L.B.Cai; Novon 6(2): 142 (1996)

= Roegneria borealis (Turcz.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 624 (1934) non Elymus borealis Scribn. (1910)

= Roegneria borealis f. glabra Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 163 (1950)

= Roegneria borealis var. islandica Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 163 (1950)

= Roegneria kronokensis (Kom.) Tzvelev; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 2: 246 (1964)

= Roegneria leiantha Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 42 (1963)

= Roegneria macroura (Turcz. ex Steud.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 627 (1934)

= Roegneria macroura subsp. pilosivaginata Jurtzev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(7): 1042 (1981)

= Roegneria nepliana V.N.Vassil.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 56 (1954)

= Roegneria scandica Nevski & Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 54 (1936)

= Roegneria turuchanensis (Reverd.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 626 (1934)

= Triticum boreale Turcz.; Fl. Baical.-dahur. 2(1): 345 (1856), in obs.

= Triticum macrourum Turcz. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 343 (1854)

= Triticum violaceum f. subalpinum Neuman; Sver. Fl. 726 (1901)

species :

Elymus magellanicus (É.Desv.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 472 (1984)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, La Pampa, Neuquen, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Metropolitana de Santiago, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.

85 ARG CLE 91 FAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron antarcticum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, n. s. 3: Secc. Bot., 48 (1940)

= Agropyron araucanum (Parodi) Nicora; Fl. Patagonica 3: 458 (1978)

= Agropyron attenuatum var. araucanum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 35 (1940)

= Agropyron fuegianum (Speg.) Kurtz; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(1): 245 (1904)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. brachyatherum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 55 (1940)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. chaetophorum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 57 (1940)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. patagonicum (Speg.) Hauman & Vanderv.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 29: 25 (1917)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. patagonicum (Speg.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 5(1): 246 (1904)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. polystachyum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 59 (1940)

= Agropyron fuegianum var. submuticum Kurtz; Revista Mus. La Plata 7: 401 (1896)

= Agropyron magellanicum (É.Desv.) Hack.; Svenska Exped. Magellansländerna (1895-1897) 3(5): 331 (1900)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. festucoides (Speg.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(1): 246 (1904)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. glabrivalva (Speg.) Macloskie & Dusén; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(3): 64 (1914 publ. 1915)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. lasiopodum (Speg.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(1): 247 (1904)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. pubiflorum (Steud.) Hauman & Van der Veken; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 29: 25 (1917)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. secundum (J.Presl) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(1): 247 (1904)

= Agropyron patagonicum (Speg.) Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 23 (1940)

= Agropyron patagonicum var. australe Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 27, f. 9. pl. 3 (1940)

= Agropyron patagonicum var. festucoides (Speg.) Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 25, f. 8 (1940)

= Agropyron patagonicum var. macrochaetum (Parodi) Nicora; Fl. Patagonica 8(3): 458 (1978)

= Agropyron pubiflorum (Steud.) P.Candargy; Etude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 28, 49 (1901)

= Agropyron pubiflorum (Steud.) Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 36, f. 13-14, pl. 5 (1940)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. aristatum P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 28 (1901)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. fragile Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 40, f. 15, pl. 6 (1940)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. megastachyum P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 28 (1901)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. microstachyum P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 28 (1901)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. tridentatum P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 28 (1901)

= Agropyron pubiflorum var. trifidum P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 28 (1901)

= Agropyron remotiflorum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 19, f. 5, 6, pl. 2 (1940)

= Agropyron remotiflorum var. macrochaetum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 22 (1940)

= Agropyron secundum J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 266 (1830)

= Elymus araucanus (Parodi) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 471 (1984)

= Elymus fuegianus (Speg.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 471 (1984)

= Elymus glaucescens Seberg; Pl. Syst. Evol. 166(1-2): 99 (1989) [nom. nov.]

= Elymus notius Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 472 (1984) [nom. nov.]

= Elymus remotiflorus (Parodi) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 472 (1984)

= Elytrigia antarctica (Parodi) Covas; Apuntes Fl. Pampa 100: 401 (1985)

= Elytrigia araucana (Parodi) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27: 561 (1986)

= Elytrigia fuegiana (Kurtz) Covas; Apuntes Fl. Pampa 101: 401 (1985)

= Elytrigia fuegiana (Speg.) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 562 (1986)

= Elytrigia magellanica (É.Desv.) Covas; Apuntes Fl. Pampa 101: 401 (1985)

= Elytrigia patagonica (Parodi) Covas; Apuntes Fl. Pampa 101: 410 (1985)

= Elytrigia patagonica (Speg.) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27: 562 (1986)

= Elytrigia pubiflora (Steud.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 33 (1973)

= Triticum fuegianum Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 99, pl. 4, f. A (1896)

= Triticum fuegianum var. patagonicum Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 588 (1897)

= Triticum magellanicum (É.Desv.) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 98 (1896)

= Triticum magellanicum var. condensata (J.Presl) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 99 (1896)

= Triticum magellanicum var. festucoides Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 587 (1897)

= Triticum magellanicum var. glabrivalve Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 98 (1896)

= Triticum magellanicum var. lasiopodum Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 587 (1897)

= Triticum magellanicum var. patagonicum (Speg.) De Wild.; Exped. Antarct. Belg. Bot. 53 (1905)

= Triticum magellanicum var. pubiflorum (Steud.) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 98 (1896)

= Triticum magellanicum var. secundum (J.Presl) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 99 (1896)

= Triticum pubiflorum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 249 (1854)

= Triticum repens var. magellanicum É.Desv.; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 6: 452 (1853)

= Triticum secundum (J.Presl) Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 442 (1833)

species :

Elymus magnicaespes D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 25-26, f. 1 (1990)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria magnicaespes (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(1): 49 (1996)

species :

Elymus magnipodus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 427 (2002)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria magnipoda L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 164 (1997)

species :

Elymus margaritae A.V.Agaf., Kobozeva & B.Salomon; Rast. Mir Aziatsk. Rossii 4(20): 37 (2015)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai)

30 SIB

species :

Elymus maroccanus (Font Quer & Pau) Rivas Mart., Molero Mesa, Marfíl & G.Benítez; Naturalia Cantabricae 8(Especial): 116 (2020)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron panormitanum var. maroccanum Font Quer & Pau; Cavanillesia 4: 27 (1931)

species :

Elymus mendocinus (Parodi) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 472 (1984)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron mendocinum Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, n. s. 3: Secc. Bot., 14 (1940)

= Elytrigia mendocina (Parodi) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 562 (1986)

= Leymus mendocinus (Parodi) Dubc.; Genome 40(4): 518 (1997)

species :

Elymus multiramosus Y.C.Zhang; PhytoKeys 249: 59 (2024)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus multisetus (J.G.Sm.) Burtt Davy; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 1: 57 (1902)

Name: Big squirreltail

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus multisetus (J.G.Sm.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 20 (1912)

= Elymus sitanion var. jubatum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 10 (1899) [nom. inval.]

= Sitanion breviaristatum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 12 (1899)

= Sitanion jubatum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 10 (1899)

= Sitanion multisetum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 11 (1899)

= Sitanion polyantherix J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18, 12 (1899)

= Sitanion strictum Elmer; Bot. Gaz. 36: 59 (1903)

= Sitanion villosum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 11, pl. 1 (1899)

species :

Elymus mutabilis (Drobow) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 217 (1968)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Northern Caucasus; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Gilgit, Karakorum); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

10 FIN NOR SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 NCS 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron angustiglume Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 615 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron angustiglume subsp. irendykense Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 618 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron ilmense Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 609 (1931 publ. 1932), nomen

= Agropyron mutabile Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 88, pl. 9, f. 3, 4 (1916)

= Agropyron mutabile var. glabrum Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 89 (1916)

= Agropyron mutabile var. pilosum Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 89 (1916)

= Agropyron mutabile var. scabrum Drobow; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 88 (1916)

= Agropyron oschense Roshev. ex Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 619 (1934), in syn.

= Agropyron pallidissimum Popov; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14: 8 (1957)

= Agropyron praecaespitosum Nevski; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 541 (1930). 29: 541 (1930)

= Agropyron transbaicalense Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 607, in obs., 618 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Agropyron transiliense Popov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s., 47: 85 (1938)

= Elymus barbulatus (Nevski ex Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1588 (2008)

= Elymus lineicus Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 2(4): 8 (1999)

= Elymus marmoreus Kotukhov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 92 (1992)

= Elymus mutabilis subsp. barbulatus Nevski ex Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus mutabilis subsp. praecaespitosus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus mutabilis subsp. transbaicalensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus mutabilis var. burjaticus (Sipliv.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 95 (1975)

= Elymus mutabilis var. irendykensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 94 (1975)

= Elymus mutabilis var. nemoralis S.L.Chen & D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 29-30, f. 6 (1990)

= Elymus mutabilis var. oschensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 94 (1975)

= Elymus mutabilis var. praecaespitosus (Nevski) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 229 (1997)

= Elymus occidentalialtaicus Kotukhov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 89 (1992)

= Elymus pallidissimus (Popov) Peschkova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 67 (1973)

= Elymus praecaespitosus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 218 (1968)

= Elymus transbaicalensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 219 (1968)

= Elymus ubinicus Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 2(4): 5 (1999)

= Goulardia mutabilis (Drobow) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Bashkirsk. A.S.S.R. 58 (1979)

= Goulardia praecaespitosa (Nevski) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Badakhshana 59 (1979)

= Roegneria angustiglumis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 14, 25 (1933), in obs., et in Acta Univ. As. Med. Ser. VIII b, Bot. Fasc. 17, 70 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria burjatica Sipliv.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 275 (1966)

= Roegneria mutabilis (Drobow) Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 1945(7): 36 (1945)

= Roegneria mutabilis subsp. varsugensis (Melderis) Á.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 50 (1961)

= Roegneria mutabilis var. nemoralis (S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16: 49 (1996)

= Roegneria mutabilis var. varsugensis (Melderis) Hyl.; Bot. Not. 1953: 358 (1953)

= Roegneria oschensis Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 619 (1934)

= Roegneria praecaespitosa (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 70 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria transbaicalensis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 14 (1933), in obs., et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 619 (1934)

= Roegneria transiliensis (Popov) Filat.; Ill. Opred. Rast. Kazakh. 1: 116 (1968)

= Triticum caninum var. altaicum Griseb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 340 (1852)

= Triticum mutabile (Drobow) F.Herm.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 76: 40 (1936)

species :

Elymus nakaii (Kitag.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984)

Distribution: China (Hebei, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia); North Korea

36 CHI 38 NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria nakaii Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 5(5): 151 (1941)

= Elymus nakaii (Kitag.) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 411 (2006), isonym

species :

Elymus nepalensis (Melderis) Melderis; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 1: 131 (1978)

Distribution: Nepal; NE-India (Manipur, Nagaland)

40 IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron nepalense Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 692 (1960)

= Elymus nepalensis (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 460 (1984), isonym

species :

Elymus nipponicus Jaaska; Eesti NSV Tead. Akad. Toimet., Biol. Ser. 23(1): 6 (1974) [nom. nov.]

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)

31 RFE 38 JAP NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron yezoense Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 292 (1929)

= Elymus kurilensis Prob.; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 1: 116 (1985), nom. nov.

= Elymus pendulinus var. yezoensis (Honda) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1592 (2008)

= Elymus yezoensis (Honda) Osada; Ill. Grasses Japan 738 (1989)

= Roegneria yezoensis (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 98 (1941), pro syn.

species :

Elymus nodosus (Steven ex Griseb.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 376 (1978)

subspecies :

subsp. nodosus

Distribution: Crimea; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); ?Iran

14 KRY 34 IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron angulare Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 639 (1934)

= Agropyron firmiculme Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 646 (1934)

= Agropyron latronum var. orsinii Litard.; Candollea 11: 188 (1948)

= Agropyron nodosum (Steven ex Griseb.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 646 (1934)

= Agropyron transcaucasicum Grossh. ex Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 82 (1936), in syn.

= Elytrigia angularis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 79 (1936)

= Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. nodosa (Steven ex Griseb.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 30 (1973)

= Elytrigia firmiculmis (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 82 (1936)

= Elytrigia nodosa (Steven ex Griseb.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 83 (1936)

= Lophopyrum nodosum (Steven ex Griseb.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 490 (1984)

= Triticum nodosum Steven ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 96 (1819), pro syn.

= Triticum repens var. nodosum Steven ex Griseb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 341 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. caespitosus (K.Koch) Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 80 (1984)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iran; Pakistan (Kurram)

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caespitosum K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 424 (1848)

= Elytrigia caespitosa (K.Koch) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 61 (1934)

= Lophopyrum caespitosum (K.Koch) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 489 (1984)

= Thinopyrum caespitosum (K.Koch) Zhi W.Liu & R.R.-C.Wang; Genome 36: 647 (1993)

= Triticum caespitosum (K.Koch) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 782 (1853), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. gypsicola Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 82 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. gypsicola (Melderis) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 660 (2006)

subspecies :

subsp. platyphyllus Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 80 (1984)

Distribution: NE-Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. platyphylla (Melderis) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 660 (2006)

subspecies :

subsp. sinuatus (Nevski) Melderis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42(1): 80 (1984)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron sinuatum Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 639 (1934)

= Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. sinuata (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 30 (1973)

= Elytrigia sinuata (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 80 (1936)

= Lophopyrum sinuatum (Nevski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 490 (1984)

species :

Elymus panormitanus (Parl.) Tzvelev; Sched. Herb. Fl. URSS 18: 27 (1970)

Name: Panormitanische Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Italy; Sicily; North Macedonia; Romania; Greece (scattered mountains of mainland); Crete (mountains); European Russia; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel)

11 ger 13 GRC ITA KRI NMA ROM SIC 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG MOR 34 CYP IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron panormitanum f. longiglume Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100 (1942)

= Agropyron panormitanum Parl.; Pl. Rar. Sicil., ed. 2, 2: 20 (1840)

= Agropyron panormitanum subvar. glabrum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100 (1942)

= Agropyron panormitanum subvar. villosulum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100 (1942)

= Agropyron panormitanum var. heterophyllum Bornm. ex Melderis & Rech.f.; Ark. Bot., a. s. 5(1): 69 (1960)

= Agropyron panormitanum var. zahlense Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Liban Syrie 1: 138 (1966)

= Agropyron petraeum Vis. & Pancic; Pl. Serb. 1: 25 (1862)

= Elymus heterophyllus (Bornm. ex Melderis & Rech.f.) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 39: 332 (2010)

= Roegneria heterophylla (Bornm. ex Melderis & Rech.f.) C.Yen, J.L.Yang & B.R.Baum; Novon 18(3): 406 (2008)

= Roegneria panormitana (Parl.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 612 (1934)

= Semeiostachys panormitana (Parl.) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281 (1941), in obs.

= Triticum panormitanum (Parl.) Bertol.; Fl. Ital. [Bertoloni] 4: 780 (1841)

= Triticum petraeum Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 10: 446 (1861)

species :

Elymus patagonicus Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3(32-33): 630 (1897)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén)

85 ARG CLE

species :

Elymus pendulinus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 218 (1968)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron brachypodioides (Nevski) Serg.; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 12: 3128 (1961)

= Agropyron caninum var. amurense (Korsh.) Korsh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 20: 314 (1901)

= Agropyron koryoense Honda; Koryo Shikenrin Ippan 78 (1932)

= Agropyron multiculme Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 235 (1941)

= Agropyron pendulinum (Nevski) Popov; Fl. Centr. Sibiri 1: 113 (1957), in obs.

= Agropyron pendulinum (Nevski) Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 49: 55 (1963)

= Agropyron pubiflorum Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 29 (1963), pro syn.

= Agropyron tashiroi Ohwi; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 333 (1937)

= Agropyron vernicosum Nevski ex Grubov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 17: 6 (1955)

= Agropyron yezoense var. koryoense (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 179 (1942)

= Agropyron yezoense var. tashiroi (Ohwi) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 67 (1953)

= Elymus brachypodioides (Nevski) Peschkova; Stepnaya Fl. Baykal´skoy Sibiri 45 (1972)

= Elymus pendulinus subsp. brachypodioides (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 60 (1972)

= Elymus pendulinus subsp. multiculmis (Kitag.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 459 (1984)

= Elymus pendulinus subsp. pubicaulis (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 459 (1984)

= Elymus pendulinus subsp. pubicaulis (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 428 (2006), isonym

= Elymus pendulinus var. brachypodioides (Nevski) Prob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 69: 259 (1984)

= Elymus pendulinus var. vernicosus (Nevski ex Grubov) A.V.Agaf. & Kobozeva; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 112: 28 (2015)

= Elymus vernicosus (Nevski ex Grubov) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 219 (1968)

= Elymus yezoensis var. koryoensis (Honda) Osada; Ill. Grasses Japan 738 (1989), without basionym ref.

= Roegneria brachypodioides Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 617 (1934)

= Roegneria koryoensis (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 98 (1941), pro syn.

= Roegneria multiculmis Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 235 (1941)

= Roegneria multiculmis var. pubiflora Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 29 (1963)

= Roegneria pendulina f. pubinodis (Keng) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 109 (1979)

= Roegneria pendulina Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 616 (1934)

= Roegneria pendulina var. pubinodis Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 3(1): 28 (1963)

= Roegneria pubicaulis Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 30 (1963)

= Triticum caninum f. amurense Korsh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 414 (1892)

species :

Elymus petrovii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1590 (2008)

Distribution: China (Gansu)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus praeruptus Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972), nom. nov.

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK UZB

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron interruptum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 632 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Roegneria interrupta (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 68 (1934), in clavi, et in Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 611 (1934) non Elymus interruptus Buckley (1862)

= Semeiostachys interrupta (Nevski) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 282 (1941)

species :

Elymus pringlei Scribn. & Merr.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 30 (1901)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Nuevo León, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: possibly to E. violaceus

species :

Elymus probatovae Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1592 (2008)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka)

31 RFE

species :

Elymus pseudocaninus G.H.Zhu & S.L.Chen; Fl. China (2006), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus altaicus D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 28-29, f. 4 (1990), not Elymus altaicus A. Spreng., Tent. Suppl. 5 (1828)

= Roegneria altaica (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(1): 49 (1996)

species :

Elymus puberulus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 453 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria puberula Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 20 (1963)

= Elymus puberulus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 424 (2006), isonym

species :

Elymus pulanensis (H.L.Yang) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988) (err. ´pulancusis´)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria pulanensis H.L.Yang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 253 (1980)

= Roegneria jacquemontii var. pulanensis (H.L.Yang) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 169 (1997)

species :

Elymus pungens (Pers.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 380 (1978)

Distribution: ?Portugal; ?Spain; ?France; Slovenia; Croatia; European Russia [I]; Australia [I] (Victoria [I]); etc.

13 CRO SLV 14 rus 50 aus

Remarks: Identity of this taxon is highly doubtful, the type is deficient. Flora Iberica does not recognize it and includes all Iberian specimens in E. campestris, E. farctus or E. athericus.

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron acutum Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 841 (1882), pro syn.

= Agropyron acutum var. affine Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140(1) (1831)

= Agropyron affine (Rchb.) Dethard. ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 1: t. XXI (1834)

= Agropyron campestre var. boraeanum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 222 (1913)

= Agropyron concinnum De Not. ex Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 498 (1850), pro syn.

= Agropyron hippolyti Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 49 (1936 publ. 1951)

= Agropyron littorale subsp. pungens (Pers.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 660 (1894)

= Agropyron pungens (Pers.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 753 (1817)

= Agropyron ramificum (Link) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 124 (1890)

= Agropyron repens subsp. pungens (Pers.) Hook.f.; Student´s Fl. Brit. Isl., ed. 3: 504 (1884)7

= Agropyron repens var. pungens (Pers.) Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 529 (1828)

= Agropyron tetrastachys Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 32 (1897)

= Braconotia pungens (Pers.) Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 3: 192 (1844)

= Elymus fontqueri (Melderis) D.Rivera & M.A.Carreras; Anales Biol., Fac. Biol., Univ. Murcia 13: 25 (1987)

= Elymus pungens subsp. fontqueri Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 380 (1978)

= Elytrigia juncea subsp. pungens (Pers.) Tutin; Bot. Tidsskr. 55: 300 (1960)

= Elytrigia pungens (Pers.) Tutin; Watsonia 2: 186 (1952)

= Elytrigia pungens subsp. fontqueri (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 488 (1984)

= Psammopyrum fontqueri (Melderis) Á.Löve; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 87: 50 (1986)

= Psammopyrum pungens (Pers.) Á.Löve; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 87: 50 (1986)

= Thinopyrum pungens (Pers.) Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 304 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Triticum acutum var. affine (Rchb.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 441 (1833)

= Triticum affine Dethard. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 441 (1833), pro syn.

= Triticum glaucescens Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 716 (1841), pro syn.

= Triticum glaucum T.Bastard; Essai Fl. Maine-et-Loire 45 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Triticum junceum subsp. pungens (Pers.) Hook.f.; Student´s Fl. Brit. Isl. 454 (1870)

= Triticum macrostachyum Le Gall; Fl. Morbihan 760 (1862)

= Triticum pungens Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 109 (1805)

= Triticum ramificum (Link) Link; Linnaea 17: 397 (1844)

= Triticum repens subsp. pungens (Pers.) Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 11: 180 (1877)

= Triticum repens var. pungens (Pers.) Duby; Bot. Gall. 1: 529 (1828)

= Triticum repens var. pungens (Pers.) Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec. 83 (1823)

= Triticum repens var. ramificum Link; Linnaea 9: 133 (1835)

species :

Elymus purpurascens (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 448 (1984)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria purpurascens Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 56 (1963)

= Elymus purpurascens (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 417 (2006), isonym

species :

Elymus qingnanensis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; Fl. Kunlunica 4: 560 (2013)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus repens (L.) Gould; Madroño 9: 127 (1947)

subspecies :

subsp. repens

Name: Quecke (DE); Quackgrass, Common Couch (EN); Grama rastrera (ES)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isles of Scilly, +St. Kilda Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey, Sark); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, Thasos, Samothraki, Limnos, Sporades, Andros); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife); Cameroon [I]; South Africa [I] (Cape Prov. [I]); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; South Korea [I]; Japan [I] (Hokkaido [I], Honshu [I]); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Astor, Baltistan, Gilgit); N-India (Jammu & Kashmir); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Ifaluk [I]); Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Yukon [I], N.W.T. [I], Nunavut [I], Canadian Arctic Isl. [I], British Columbia [I], Alberta [I], Saskatchewan [I], Manitoba [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I], Labrador [I], Newfoundland [I], Isle Anticosti [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Washington [I], Oregon [I], California [I], Nevada [I], Idaho [I], Montana [I], Wyoming [I], Utah [I], Colorado [I], Arizona [I], New Mexico [I], North Dakota [I], South Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], Kansas [I], Oklahoma [I], Texas [I], Minnesota [I], Iowa [I], Missouri [I], Arkansas [I], Wisconsin [I], Illinois [I], Michigan [I], Indiana [I], Ohio [I], Kentucky [I], Tennessee [I], South Carolina [I], North Carolina [I], West Virginia [I], Virginia [I], Maryland [I], Delaware [I], New Jersey [I], Pennsylvania [I], New York [I], Vermont [I], New Hampshire [I], Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], Rhode Island [I], Maine [I]); Mexico [I]; Brazil [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I], Araucanía [I], Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]; South Georgia Isl. [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 23 cmn 27 saf 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ LEB TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 jap kor 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 auc ctm nzl 62 mic 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 84 bra 85 arg cle 91 fal sge

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron altissimum (Schur) Schur ex P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 27, in clavi, 48 (1901)

= Agropyron arundinaceum (Steud.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 48 (1901)

= Agropyron bromiforme Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866), pro syn.

= Agropyron caldesii Goiran; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 12: 145 (1880)

= Agropyron collinum Opiz; Naturalientausch 10: 248 (1825)

= Agropyron dumetorum (Roem. & Schult.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 322 (1884)

= Agropyron elatum Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 12 (1852), nomen

= Agropyron firmum J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 28 (1819)

= Agropyron junceum var. repens (L.) T.Marsson; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 7: 154 (1901)

= Agropyron koeleri Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 319 (1913)

= Agropyron leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Rydb.; Brittonia 1: 85 (1931)

= Agropyron loliiforme Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866), pro syn.

= Agropyron multiflorum P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 102 (1812), nomen

= Agropyron nicaeense Goiran; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 16: 134 (1909), nomen

= Agropyron repens (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 102, 146, 180, pl. 20, f. 2 (1812)

= Agropyron repens f. capillare (Pers.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140 (1830)

= Agropyron repens f. capillare (Pers.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972), isonym

= Agropyron repens f. geniculatum Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 48 (1900)

= Agropyron repens f. heberhachis Fernald; Rhodora 35: 184 (1933)

= Agropyron repens f. leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Lindm.; Sv. Fanerogamfl. 115 (1926)

= Agropyron repens f. loliiforme Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens f. multiflorum (Pers.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. pectinatum (F.W.Schultz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. pilosum (Scribn.) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 184 (1933)

= Agropyron repens f. podperae Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. setiferum Fernald; Rhodora 35: 184 (1933)

= Agropyron repens f. stenophyllum (Asch. & Graebn.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. stoloniferum Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 48 (1900)

= Agropyron repens f. subpubescens Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. subulatiforme Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens f. trichorrhachis (Rohlena) Fernald; Rhodora 35(no. 413): 185 (1933)

= Agropyron repens f. vaillantianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 184 (1933)

= Agropyron repens f. viride (T.Marsson) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 120 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens lusus semiverticillatum (Waisb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens subsp. dumetorum (Hoffm.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron repens subsp. majus (Parl.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 801 (1882)

= Agropyron repens subsp. vaillantianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron repens subsp. virescens Asch. ex K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 123 (1890)

= Agropyron repens subvar. pubescens (Döll) Litard.; Arch. Bot. Mém. 2: 11 (1928), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens var. altissimum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens var. angustifolium Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 4(3): 20 (1923)

= Agropyron repens var. aristatum (Döll) Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 38: 141 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens var. aristatum Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 269 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. aristatum Roshev.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 38: 141 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens var. arundinaceum (Fr.) Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 47 (1851)

= Agropyron repens var. arvense (Schreb.) Anghel & Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 12: 609 (1972), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. arvense (Schreb.) H.C.Hall; Spec. Bot. [Hall] 124 (1821)

= Agropyron repens var. arvense (Schreb.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140 (1831), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. atherotum Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 71 (1838)

= Agropyron repens var. atlantis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100 (1942)

= Agropyron repens var. barbatum De Wild. & T.Durand; Prodr. Fl. Belg. 3: 138 (1899)

= Agropyron repens var. bispiculatum Roshev.; Fl. Zabaical. [Fedtschenko] 1: 98 (1929)

= Agropyron repens var. bromiforme Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens var. capillare (Pers.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140 (1831), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. capillare (Pers.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 755 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. distans Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl., ed. 4: 49 (1886)

= Agropyron repens var. dumetorum (Honck.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 755 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. firmum (J.Presl & C.Presl) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 809 (1866), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. firmum (J.Presl. & C.Presl) Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 47 (1851)

= Agropyron repens var. glaucescens C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 46 (1826)

= Agropyron repens var. glaucum (Döll) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 3: 326 (1955), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens var. glaucum Bluff & Nees; Comp. Fl. German., ed. 2 [Bluff & Fingerhuth] 1(1): 198 (1836)

= Agropyron repens var. glaucum Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 3: 326 (1955), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron repens var. hirsutifolium Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 193 (1827)

= Agropyron repens var. imbricatum (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 755 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. kozlowskyanum Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 4(3): 19 (1923)

= Agropyron repens var. leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 755 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. majus Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 497 (1850)

= Agropyron repens var. microstachyum Albert; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var [Albert & Jahandiez] 563 (1908)

= Agropyron repens var. mucronatum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens var. multiflorum Bréb.; Fl. Normandie, éd. 3: 364 (1859)

= Agropyron repens var. muticum Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 269 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. muticum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens var. nemorale (Andersson) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 6: 203 (1904)

= Agropyron repens var. pilosum Scribn.; Fl. Mt. Desert Isl. 183 (1894)

= Agropyron repens var. pseudolittoreum Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 83 (1926)

= Agropyron repens var. pubescens (Döll) Tzvelev; Fl. Severo-Vostoka Evropeiskoi Chasti S.S.S.R. 1: 117 (1974)

= Agropyron repens var. pubescens Albert; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var [Albert & Jahandiez] 563 (1908)

= Agropyron repens var. pubescens Podp.; Kvetena Moravy 6: 258 (1926)

= Agropyron repens var. recurvum Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 3: 20 (1923)

= Agropyron repens var. squarrosum Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl., ed. 4: 49 (1886)

= Agropyron repens var. subulatum (Schreb.) Podp.; Kvetena Moravy 6: 85 (1926), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. subulatum (Schreb.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 754 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. trichosum Morariu; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 22: 56 (1942)

= Agropyron repens var. tudensis Merino; Fl. Galicia [Merino] 3: 388 (1909)

= Agropyron repens var. vaillantianum (Wulfen & Schreb.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 755 (1817)

= Agropyron repens var. vulgare Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 128 (1857)

= Agropyron rifeum Sennen & Mauricio; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 136 (1933), nomen

= Agropyron sachalinense Honda; J. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 26: 177 (1931)

= Agropyron subulatiforme f. viride (T.Marsson) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 120 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron vaillantianum (Wulfen & Schreb.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 323 (1884)

= Braconotia officinarum (L.) Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 3: 192 (1844)

= Bromus glaber Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 84 (1771), nom. illeg.

= Bromus villosus Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 83 (1771)

= Elymus campestris subsp. maritimus (W.D.J.Koch & Ziz) Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, 5. éd. 1047 (2004), with incorrect basionym.

= Elymus caninus Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 51 (1788), nom. illeg.

= Elymus dumetorum (Honck.) Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., Jahrgang 3 [Hoffmann] 1: 64 (1800)

= Elymus neogaeus Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 349 (1854)

= Elymus repens subsp. arenosus (Petif) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 379 (1978)

= Elymus repens subsp. atlantis (Maire) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 218 (1998)

= Elymus repens var. aristatus (Baumg.) Melderis & D.C.McClint.; Suppl. Wild Flow. Guernsey 48 (1987), nom. illeg.

= Elymus repens var. aristatus (Döll) Prokh.; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 176 (1938)

= Elymus repens var. dumetorum (Hoffm.) Prokh.; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 176 (1938)

= Elymus repens var. subulatus (Roem. & Schult.) Szczep.; Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 78: 58 (2009)

= Elymus vaillantianus (Wulfen & Schreb.) K.B.Jensen; Genome 32(4): 645 (1989)

= Elytrigia ikonnikovii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 114 (2006)

= Elytrigia levadica Kuvaev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 24: 20 (1987)

= Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 1: 836 (1893)

= Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1: 14 (1933), in adnot.

= Elytrigia repens subsp. arenosa (Petif) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(2-3): 351 (1980)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. atlantis (Maire) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 218 (1998)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. longiaristata N.R.Cui; Fl. Xinjiangensis 6: 602 (1996)

= Elytrigia repens var. aristata (Baumg.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 5: 363 (1996), nom. illeg.

= Elytrigia repens var. bispiculata (Roshev.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 225 (1975)

= Elytrigia repens var. glauca (Döll) Tzvelev; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. 20(107-110): 15 (1975), et in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 125 (1975)

= Elytrigia repens var. pubescens (Döll) Prokudin; Trudy Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Bot. 3: 190 (1938 publ. 1939)

= Elytrigia repens var. subulatum (Roem. & Schult.) Seberg & G.Petersen; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 120(4): 538 (1998)

= Elytrigia repens var. vaillantiana (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Prokudin; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 189 (1938 publ. 1939)

= Elytrigia vaillantiana (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 211 (1984)

= Elytrigia ×dominii V.Jirásek; Preslia 26: 176 (1954), nomen

= Frumentum repens (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Bot. Centralbl. 73: 340 (1898)

= Michelaria villosa Dumort. ex Thielens; Mém. Soc. Sci. Hainault, Sér. 3, 5: 200 (1870), nom. illeg.

= Trisetum repens (L.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 205 (1904)

= Triticum arundinaceum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 343 (1854)

= Triticum arvense Schreb.; Fl. Erlang. [Schweigger & Koerte] 1: 143 (1811)

= Triticum dumetorum Honck.; Verz. Gew. Teutschl. 363 (1782)

= Triticum dumetorum Schreb.; Fl. Erlang. [Schweigger & Koerte] 1: 143 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Triticum firmum (J.Presl & C.Presl) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 188 (1833)

= Triticum glaucum Host; Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: 6 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Triticum imbricatum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 212 (1792)

= Triticum infestum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 27 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Triticum intermedium Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 102 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Triticum leersianum Wulfen ex Schreb.; Fl. Erlang. [Schweigger & Koerte] 1: 144 (1811)

= Triticum multiflorum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 855 (1821), pro syn.

= Triticum ramosum Beck ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 841 (1882), pro syn.

= Triticum repens f. dumetorum (Roem. & Schult.) Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 128 (1855)

= Triticum repens f. leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Junge; Gramin. Schlesw.-Holst. 296 (1913), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Triticum repens f. pubescens Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 129 (1855)

= Triticum repens f. sepium Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 129 (1855)

= Triticum repens f. trichorrhachis Rohlena; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 24: 5, 8 (1899)

= Triticum repens f. vaillantianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 129 (1855)

= Triticum repens f. viride T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern 599 (1869)

= Triticum repens L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 86 (1753)

= Triticum repens subsp. aristatum Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 47 (1834)

= Triticum repens subsp. muticum Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 47 (1834)

= Triticum repens subvar. dumetorum (Roem. & Schult.) Asch. & Graebn.; Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl. 123 (1898)

= Triticum repens subvar. sepium (Döll) Asch. & Graebn.; Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl. 123 (1898)

= Triticum repens var. agreste Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 4 (1852)

= Triticum repens var. arenosum Petif; Enum. Pl. Fl. Palat. 16 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 128 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Hornem.; Fl. Dan. [Oeder et al.] 32 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Link; Linnaea 17: 397 (1843), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 51 (1788), nom. inval., et 148 (1789)

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 161 (1825)

= Triticum repens var. arvense (Schreb.) Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 107 (1824)

= Triticum repens var. boreale Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 77 (1856)

= Triticum repens var. capillare Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 109 (1805)

= Triticum repens var. compactum Vasey; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 293 (1879)

= Triticum repens var. domesticum Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 78 (1856)

= Triticum repens var. dubium Laest.; Bot. Not. 1856: 77 (1856)

= Triticum repens var. dumetorum (Roem. & Schult.) Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 120 (1830)

= Triticum repens var. hirsutum T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern 599 (1869)

= Triticum repens var. imbricatum (Lam.) J.Becker; Fl. Frankfurt 1: 123 (1827)

= Triticum repens var. intermedium Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec. 84 (1823)

= Triticum repens var. leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 37 (1824), isonym

= Triticum repens var. leersianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) K.G.Hagen; Chlor. Boruss. [Hagen] 48 (1819)

= Triticum repens var. litoreum Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 5 (1852)

= Triticum repens var. major Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 69 (1843)

= Triticum repens var. maritimum Sm. ex Roth; Neue Beytr. Bot. 1: 136 (1802)

= Triticum repens var. minus Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 254 (1840)

= Triticum repens var. multiflorum Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 109 (1805)

= Triticum repens var. muticum Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 51 (1788), nom. inval., et 148 (1789)

= Triticum repens var. nanum Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 254 (1840)

= Triticum repens var. nemorale Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 4 (1852)

= Triticum repens var. nemorale Hook.f.; Student´s Fl. Brit. Isl. 454 (1870)

= Triticum repens var. obtusum Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 11: 179 (1877)

= Triticum repens var. pectinatum F.W.Schultz; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 40: 81 (1899)

= Triticum repens var. pubescens Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 130 (1857)

= Triticum repens var. sabulicola Pancic; Fl. Serbiae 769 (1874)

= Triticum repens var. semiverticillatum Waisb.; Köszeg Vid. Növ., ed. 2: 14 (1891)

= Triticum repens var. sepium (Döll) Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 36 (1867), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Triticum repens var. stenophyllum Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 646 (1901)

= Triticum repens var. subulatum (Roem. & Schult.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 36 (1824)

= Triticum repens var. vaillantianum (Wulfen ex Schreb.) K.G.Hagen; Chlor. Boruss. [Hagen] 47 (1819)

= Triticum repens var. vulgare Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 128 (1857)

= Triticum reptans Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 26 (1811)

= Triticum sepium Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, éd. 2: 67 (1799), nom. illeg.

= Triticum subaristatum Link; Linnaea 17: 395 (1847)

= Triticum subulatum Schreb.; Fl. Erlang. [Schweigger & Koerte] 1: 143 (1811) [nom. illeg., non Solander ex Russell 1794]

= Triticum vaillantianum Wulfen ex Schreb.; Fl. Erlang. [Schweigger & Koerte] 1: 143 (1811)

= Zeia repens (L.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 227 (1915)

subspecies :

subsp. caesius (J.Presl & C.Presl) Soó; Magyar Fl. Veg. 6: 185 (1980)

Distribution: Hungary; E-Europe; etc.

11 HUN

Remarks: status uncertain, probably only a variety

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caesium J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 213 (1822)

= Agropyron caninum f. caesium (J.Presl & C.Presl) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 119 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Agropyron repens subsp. caesium (C.Presl) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 90 (1934), isonym

= Agropyron repens subsp. caesium (C.Presl) Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 85 (1926)

= Agropyron repens subsp. caesium (J.Presl & C.Presl) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67(1-3): 3 (1963), isonym

= Agropyron repens var. caesium (J.Presl & C.Presl) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 808 (1866)

= Agropyron repens var. caesium Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 1(2): 182 (1850), nom. inval.

= Agropyron repens var. glaucum M.Loehr; Enum. Fl. Deutschland 785 (1852)

= Elymus caesius (J.Presl & C.Presl) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 125 (2010)

= Elymus repens subsp. caesius (J.Presl & C.Presl) Oberd.; Pflanzensoziol. Exkursionsfl. [Oberdorfer], 5. Aufl.: 231 (1983), isonym

= Elymus repens var. caesius (J.Presl & C.Presl) Prokh.; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 176 (1938)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. caesia (J.Presl & C.Presl) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 16 (1984)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. caesia (J.Presl & C.Presl) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 80 (2006), isonym

= Elytrigia repens var. caesia (J.Presl & C.Presl) Gutte; Fl. Leipzig [Gutte] 196 (2006), isonym

= Elytrigia repens var. caesia (J.Presl & C.Presl) Prokudin; Trudy Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Bot. 3: 189 (1938 publ. 1939)

= Elytrigia repens var. glauca (Döll) Gutte; Fl. Leipzig [Gutte] 196 (2006), nom. inval.

= Triticum caesium (J.Presl & C.Presl) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 145 (1829)

= Triticum caesium f. aristatum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 193 (1905), nom. inval.

= Triticum caesium f. majus Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 193 (1905)

= Triticum caesium f. mucronatum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 193 (1905), nom. inval.

= Triticum caesium f. subulatum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 193 (1905), nom. inval.

= Triticum caesium var. intermedium Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 4B(44B): 192 (1905)

= Triticum repens var. caesium (J.Presl & C.Presl) Heynh.; Nomencl. Bot. Hort. 824 (1841)

= Triticum repens var. glaucescens Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 40 (1822)

= Triticum repens var. glaucum Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 1: 130 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. glaucum Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 109 (1805)

subspecies :

subsp. calcareus (Cernjavski) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 380 (1978)

Distribution: S-North Macedonia (Mt. Petrinia)

13 NMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron calcareum Cernjavski; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 304 (1966)

= Elytrigia calcarea (Cernjavski) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 426 (1977)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. calcarea (Cernjavski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 485 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. littoreus (Schumach.) Conert; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.], ed. 3, 1:(3: Lief. 10): 798 (1997)

Distribution: Europe; Denmark; Belgium; Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein); European Russia

10 DEN 11 BGM GER 14 RUS

Remarks: Not a hybrid, but a pollenfertile, littoral subspecies of E. repens. It was for a long time confused with xThinoelymus laxus.

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron repens f. aristatum (Schumach.) Holmb.; Skand. Fl. 2: 274 (1926)

= Agropyron repens subsp. littoreum (Schumach.) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomenclator Fl. Ital. 1: 47 (1950)

= Agropyron repens var. littoreum (Schumach.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 385 (1907)

= Agropyron ×littoreum (Schumach.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 86 (1949), isonym

= Agropyron ×littoreum (Schumach.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 319 (1913)

= Elymus repens f. aristatus (Schumach.) Stace; Edinburgh J. Bot. 76: 178 (2018), nom. illeg.

= Elymus ×littoreus (Schumach.) Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, 3. éd. 922 (1983)

= Elytrigia repens f. aristata (Schumach.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 211 (1984)

= Elytrigia repens var. littoralis (Bab.) Krisch; Exkursionsfl. Deutschland [Rothmaler], 9. Aufl.: 865 (2001), nom. inval.

= Elytrigia ×littorea (Schumach.) Hyl.; Nord. Karlväxtfl. 1: 369 (1953), Hyl. in Bot. Not. 357 (1953)

= Triticum repens var. aristatum Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 38 (1801), nom. illeg.

= Triticum repens var. littorale Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot. [Babington] 376 (1843)

= Triticum repens var. littoreum (Schumach.) Hook.f.; Student´s Fl. Brit. Isl. 454 (1870)

= Triticum repens var. maritimum Roth; Neue Beytr. Bot. 1: 137 (1802)

= Triticum ×littoreum Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 38 (1801)

subspecies :

subsp. pseudocaesius (Pacz.) Melderis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 379 (1978)

Distribution: SE-European Russia; S-Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron pseudocaesium (Pacz.) Zoz; Zhurn. Inst. Bot. Vseukraïns´k. Akad. Nauk 13-14 (21-22), 205 (1937)

= Agropyron repens subsp. pseudocaesium (Pacz.) Lavrenko; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 1: 210 (1935)

= Agropyron repens var. pseudocaesium Pacz.; Zap. Novorossijsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp. 39: 30 (1912), nomen

= Elymus pseudocaesius (Pacz.) Chepinoga; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 126 (2023)

= Elytrigia pseudocaesia (Pacz.) Prokudin; Trudy Nauk.-Dosl. Inst. Bot. Khar´kivs´k. Derzh. Univ. Gor´kogo 3: 186 (1938)

= Elytrigia repens subsp. pseudocaesia (Pacz.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 31 (1973)

species :

Elymus retroflexus B.Rong Lu & B.Salomon; Nordic J. Bot. 13: 355, f. 2 (1993)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria retroflexa (B.Rong Lu & B.Salomon) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 161 (1997)

species :

Elymus rhodopaeus Delip.; Opred. Rast. Bulg. 491 (2011)

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. rhodopaea Delip.; Opred. Rast. Bulg. 457 (1992)

species :

Elymus riparius Wiegand; Rhodora 20: 84 (1918)

Name: Riverbank wildrye

Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Texas, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, N-Mississippi, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine); Mexico (Durango)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus canadensis var. riparius (Wiegand) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 524 (1967)

species :

Elymus russellii (Melderis) Cope; Fl. Pakistan 143: 618 (1982)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Wakhan); Pakistan (Karakorum); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

34 AFG 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron russellii Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 694 (1960)

= Roegneria russellii (Melderis) J.L.Yang & C.Yen; Canad. J. Bot. 69(2): 291 (1991)

species :

Elymus sajanensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Name: Tundra wildrye

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Northern Territories, Nunavut, Yukon)

30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron boreale subsp. hyperarcticum (Polunin) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 19 (1967 publ. 1968)

= Agropyron boreale var. hyperarcticum (Polunin) S.L.Welsh; Fl. Alaska [Anderson] 546 (1974)

= Agropyron sajanense (Nevski) Grubov; Consp. Fl. Mongolia 76 (1955) p. p. quoad nomen

= Agropyron violaceum var. hyperarcticum Polunin; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 92 (Biol. Ser. 24): 95. pl. 4 (1940)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. hyperarcticus (Polunin) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975)[1976]

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. sajanensis (Nevski) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 463 (1984)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. villosus (V.N.Vassil.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Elymus hyperarcticus (Polunin) Tzvelev; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 2: 44 (1964)

= Elymus hyperarcticus subsp. villosus (V.N.Vassil.) Vorosch.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 95(2): 91 (1990)

= Elymus laxepilosus (Jurtzev) A.P.Khokhr.; Fl. Magadan. Obl. 68 (1985), no exact basionym page.

= Elymus sajanensis subsp. coeruleus (Jurtzev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 182 (2000)

= Elymus sajanensis subsp. hyperarcticus (Polunin) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus sajanensis subsp. villosus (V.N.Vassil.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus vassiljevii Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 351 (1981) [nom. nov. for Roegneria villosa V. N. Vassil. 1954]

= Elymus vassiljevii subsp. coeruleus (Jurtzev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 364 (1995)

= Elymus vassiljevii subsp. laxepilosus (Jurtzev) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR): 364 (1995)

= Elymus vassiljevii var. laxepilosus (Jurtzev) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 93(10): 1595 (2008)

= Roegneria borealis subsp. hyperarctica (Polunin) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Acta Horti Gothob. 20: 188 (1956)

= Roegneria borealis var. hyperarctica (Polunin) Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 161 (1950)

= Roegneria hyperarctica (Polunin) Tzvelev; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 2: 244 (1964)

= Roegneria sajanensis Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 624 (1934)

= Roegneria villosa subsp. coerulea Jurtzev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 74(1): 113 (1989)

= Roegneria villosa subsp. laxe-pilosa Jurtzev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(7): 1041 (1981)

= Roegneria villosa V.N.Vassil.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 57 (1954) non Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. (1909)

species :

Elymus scabridulus (Ohwi) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 218 (1968)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron gmelinii var. breviaristatum Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 35 (1963), pro syn.

= Agropyron scabridulum Ohwi; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 166 (1943)

= Agropyron sinicum Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 33 (1963), pro syn.

= Elymus semicostatus subsp. scabridulus (Ohwi) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984)

= Elymus sinicus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 229 (1997)

= Elymus sinicus var. medius (Keng) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 427 (2002)

= Roegneria media (Keng & S.L.Chen) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 175 (1997)

= Roegneria scabridula (Ohwi) Melderis; Rep. Sci. Exped. N.-W. Prov. China, S. Hedin, Sino-Swedish Exped. XI, Bot. 4 (Norlindh, Fl. Mongol. Steppe) 1: 122 (1949)

= Roegneria sinica Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 33 (1963)

= Roegneria sinica var. angustifolia C.P.Wang & X.L.Yang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 88 (1984)

= Roegneria sinica var. media Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1: 35 (1963)

species :

Elymus scabrifolius (Döll) J.H.Hunz.; Darwiniana 35(1-4): 167 (1998)

Distribution: Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Montevideo, Paysandu, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron attenuatum var. platense Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 33 (1940)

= Agropyron condensatum J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 226 (1830)

= Agropyron magellanicum unranked condensatum (J.Presl) Speg. ex Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8(1): 246 (1904)

= Agropyron magellanicum var. condensatum (J.Presl) Hauman & Van der Veken; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 29: 25 (1917)

= Agropyron repens var. scabrifolium (Döll) Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 1: 510, pl. 66 (1897)

= Agropyron scabrifolium (Döll) Parodi; Gram. Bonar., ed. 4, 88 (1946)

= Agropyron subulatum (Nees) Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940) [nom. illeg.]

= Elymus breviaristatus subsp. scabrifolius (Döll) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 471 (1984)

= Elymus parodii Seberg & G.Petersen; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 120(4): 530 (1998), nom. nov.

= Elytrigia scabrifolia (Döll) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 562 (1986)

= Triticum condensatum (J.Presl) Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 442 (1833)

= Triticum magellanicum var. condensatum (J.Presl) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 5: 99 (1896)

= Triticum repens var. scabrifolium Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(3): 266 (1880)

= Triticum repens var. subulatum Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 450 (1829)

species :

Elymus scabriglumis (Hack.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 472 (1984)

Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Jujuy, La Pampa, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, San Luis, Tucuman); Chile (Antofagasta, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron agroelymoides (Hicken) Hunz.; Revista Invest. Agríc. 7: 74 (1953)

= Agropyron repens var. scabriglume Hack.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 21: 175 (1911)

= Agropyron scabriglume (Hack.) Parodi; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 3: 28, f. 10, pl. 4 (1940)

= Elymus antarcticus f. agroelymoides Hicken; Physis (Buenos Aires) 2: 8 (1915)

= Elytrigia scabriglumis (Hack.) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 563 (1986)

species :

Elymus schugnanicus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 62 (1972)

Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Wakhan, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Gilgit, Karakorum); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Lahul)

32 TZK 34 AFG 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron schugnanicum Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 512 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Roegneria schugnanica (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 66, in obs., 68, in clavi (1934)

species :

Elymus sclerophyllus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 59 (1972)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron dolicholepis Melderis; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 70: 180 (1970)

= Agropyron transnominatum Bondarenko; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 1: 172 (1968)

= Goulardia sclerophylla (Nevski) Ikonn.; Opred. Vyssh. Rast. Badakhshana 59 (1979)

= Roegneria sclerophylla Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 614 (1934)

= Semeiostachys sclerophylla (Nevski) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 281 (1941), in obs.

species :

Elymus scribneri (Vasey) M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 20 (1912)

Name: Spreading wheatgrass

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Ontario); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron scribneri Vasey; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 10: 128 (1883)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. scribneri (Vasey) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 461 (1984)

= Sitanion marginatum Scribn.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 469 (1902)

species :

Elymus semicostatus (Nees ex Steud.) Melderis; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 1: 132 (1978)

Name: Drooping wildrye

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Gilgit, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Lahul); USA [I] (Georgia [I], Oregon [I])

34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK 73 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron japonicum Vasey ex Wickson; Rep. Agric. Exp. Sta. Univ. Calif. 1895-1897: 275 (1898), nomen

= Agropyron semicostatum (Steud.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 21, in clavi, 41 (1901)

= Agropyron semicostatum Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 346 (1854), pro syn.

= Agropyron semicostatum var. thomsonii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 369 (1896)

= Agropyron striatum (Steud.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 369 (1896)

= Agropyron striatum (Steud.) P.Candargy; Étude Monogr. Tribu des Hordes 22, in clavi, 41 (1901)

= Agropyron striatum Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 346 (1854)

= Agropyron striatum var. validum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 696 (1960)

= Elymus semicostatus (Nees ex Steud.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 453 (1984)

= Elymus semicostatus subsp. striatus (Nees ex Steud.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984)

= Elymus semicostatus subsp. thomsonii (Hook.f.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 453 (1984)

= Elymus semicostatus var. thomsonii (Hook.f.) G.Singh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 8(2): 498 (1986)

= Elymus semicostatus var. validus (Melderis) G.Singh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 8: 498 (1986)

= Elymus validus (Melderis) B.Salomon; Nordic J. Bot. 14(1): 12 (1994)

= Roegneria semicostata (Steud.) Kitag.; Lin. Fl. Manshur.91 (1939)

= Roegneria striata (Steud.) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 71 (1934), in clavi

= Triticum semicostatum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 346 (1854)

= Triticum striatum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 346 (1854)

species :

Elymus serotinus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 467 (1984)

Distribution: China (Henan, Qinghai, Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria serotina Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 50 (1963)

species :

Elymus serpentinus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 427 (2002)

Distribution: China (Hebei)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria serpentina L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 167 (1997)

species :

Elymus shandongensis B.Salomon; Willdenowia 19(2): 449-451 (1990)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria shandongensis (B.Salomon) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 166 (April 1997) [isonym

= Roegneria shandongensis (B.Salomon) Y.L.Yang, Y.H.Zhou & C.Yen; Guihaia 17(1): 22 (Feb. 1997)

species :

Elymus shirazicus Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 23(2): 78 (2017)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Elymus shouliangiae (L.B.Cai) G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 427 (2002)

Distribution: Tibet (Gyirong)

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria shouliangiae L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 161 (1997)

species :

Elymus sibinicus Kotukhov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(6): 93 (1992)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

species :

Elymus sibiricus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 83 (1753)

Name: Siberian wildrye (EN), Sibirische Quecke (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; C-European Russia [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim); Alaska; Canada (SE-Yukon, N.W.T., British Columbia, Alberta)

11 ger 14 blr est lat lit rus 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 IND NEP 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Synonyms: hidden

= Bromus dubius Jacq. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 373 (1896), pro syn.

= Clinelymus sibiricus (L.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 641 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Elymus krascheninnikovii (Roshev.) Roshev.; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 780 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Elymus pendulosus H.J.Hodgs.; Rhodora 58: 144 (1956)

= Elymus praetervisus Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 348 (1854)

= Elymus racemosus Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 546 (1812), nom. illeg.

= Elymus ramosus Desf.; Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 387 (1829)

= Elymus sibiricus var. brachystachys Keng; Sunyatsenia 6: 64 (1941)

= Elymus sibiricus var. erectiusculus L.B.Cai; Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 14: 10 (1999)

= Elymus sibiricus var. gracilis L.B.Cai; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 13(6): 87 (1993), no type.

= Elymus tener L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 114 (1782)

= Elymus yesoensis Honda; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 16 (1930)

= Hordeum adpressum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 199 (1794), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Hordeum sibiricum (L.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 109 (1907), in clavi

= Triticum arktasianum F.Herm.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 76: 40 (1936)

species :

Elymus sierrae Gould; Madroño 9(4): 125 (1947) [nom. nov.]

Name: Sierra wildrye

Distribution: USA (California, NW-Nevada)

76 USA

Remarks: often included in E. violaceus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caninum f. pringlei (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 76 (1910)

= Agropyron gmelinii var. pringlei Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 31 (1897) [non Scribn. & Merr., 1901]

= Agropyron pringlei (Scribn. & Sm.) Hitchc.; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 1183 (1912)

= Agropyron spicatum var. pringlei (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 19 (1912)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. sierrus (Gould) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 461 (1984)

species :

Elymus sikkimensis (Melderis) Melderis; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 1: 132 (1978)

Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)

40 BHU IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron sikkimense Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 694 (1960)

= Elymus sikkimensis (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 460 (1984), isonym

species :

Elymus sinkiangensis D.F.Cui; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(3): 26-27, f. 2 (1990)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria sinkiangensis (D.F.Cui) L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(1): 49 (1996)

species :

Elymus sinoflexuosus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 428 (2002)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria flexuosa L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 330 (1996), not Elymus flexuosus Tausch (1837)

species :

Elymus stebbinsii Gould; Madroño 9(4): 126 (1947), nom. nov.

subspecies :

subsp. stebbinsii

Name: Parish wheatgrass

Distribution: USA (California); Mexico

76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron laeve (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Hitchc.; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 1: 181 (1912)

= Agropyron parishii Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 28 (1897) [non Elymus parishii Burtt Davy & Merr., 1902]

= Agropyron parishii var. laeve Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 28 (1897)

= Elymus laevis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 339 (1966)

= Elymus pauciflorus subsp. laevis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould; Madroño 9: 1266 (1947)

= Elytrigia parishii (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) D.R.Dewey; Brittonia 35: 31 (1983)

subspecies :

subsp. septentrionalis Barkworth; Phytologia 83(5): 360 (1997 publ. 1998)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

species :

Elymus stenostachyus (Melderis) O.Anders & Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 12: 315 (1976)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Paktia / Khost)

34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus stenostachyus (Melderis) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 454 (1984), isonym

= Agropyron stenostachyum Melderis; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 70: 175 (1970)

species :

Elymus strictus (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 458 (1984)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia

36 CHI TIB 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus gmelinii subsp. strictus (Keng) K.B.Jensen

= Elymus strictus (Keng) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 411 (2006), isonym

= Elymus varius (Keng) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 219 (1968), cum descr. lat.

= Roegneria stricta f. major Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 70 (1963)

= Roegneria stricta Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 68 (1963)

= Roegneria varia Keng; Fl. Ill. Pl. Prim. Sin., Gram. 397 (1959), sine descr. lat.

= Roegneria varia Keng ex Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 70 (1963)

variant :

var. crassus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12(3): 428 (2002)

Distribution: China (Ningxia, Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria crassa L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(3): 332 (1996)

= Elymus strictus var. crassus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 412 (2006), isonym

species :

Elymus svensonii Church; Rhodora 69: 134 (1967)

Name: Svenson´s wildrye

Distribution: USA (E-Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

species :

Elymus sylvaticus (Keng & S.L.Chen) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Qinghai, Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria sylvatica Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 36 (1963)

species :

Elymus tenuispicus (J.L.Yang & Y.H.Zhou) S.L.Chen; Novon 7(3): 229 (1997)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria tenuispica J.L.Yang & Y.H.Zhou; Novon 4(3): 307 (1994)

species :

Elymus texensis J.J.N.Campb.; Sida 22(1): 488 (2006)

Distribution: USA (Texas: Gillespie Co.)

77 USA

species :

Elymus tibeticus (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 640 (1983)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron tibeticum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 696 (1960)

= Roegneria tibetica (Melderis) H.L.Yang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 72 (1987)

species :

Elymus tilcarensis (J.H.Hunz.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95(7-8): 473 (1984)

Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron tilcarense J.H.Hunz.; Kurtziana 3: 121 (1966)

= Elytrigia tilcarensis (J.H.Hunz.) Covas ex J.H.Hunz. & Xifreda; Darwiniana 27(1-4): 563 (1986)

species :

Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners; Rhodora 56: 28 (1954)

subspecies :

subsp. trachycaulus

Name: Slender wheatgrass (EN)

Distribution: N-Europe [I]; Germany [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Estonia [I]; European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Alaska; Aleutes; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Puebla, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

11 cze ger 14 est rus ukr 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: status uncertain, often included in a very widely defined E. violaceus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron atbassaricum Golosk.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 73 (1951)

= Agropyron caninoides var. pubescens Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 29 (1897)

= Agropyron caninum f. ciliatum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 76 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum f. fernaldii Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 73 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum f. glaucum Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 71 (1910), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron caninum f. pilosifolium Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 75 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. majus (Vasey) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock et al.] 1: 450 (1969), nom. illeg.

= Agropyron caninum var. hornemannii Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 73 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum var. mitchellii S.L.Welsh; Fl. Alaska [Anderson] 546 (1974)

= Agropyron caninum var. pubescens Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 29 (1897)

= Agropyron caninum var. tenerum (Vasey) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 71 (1910)

= Agropyron novae-angliae Scribn.; Contr. Bot. Vermont 8: 9, 103 (1900)

= Agropyron pauciflorum (Schwein.) Hitchc. ex Silveus; Texas Grass. [Silveus] 158 (1933), et in Amer. J. Bot. 21: 132 (1934)

= Agropyron pauciflorum subsp. majus (Vasey) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 20 (1968)

= Agropyron pauciflorum subsp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 20 (1968)

= Agropyron pauciflorum subsp. teslinense (Porsild & Senn) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 20 (1968)

= Agropyron peschkovae (Popov) Popov; Fl. Centr. Sibiri 1: 115 (1957) nom. inval.

= Agropyron repens var. novae-angliae Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 29 (1897), pro syn.

= Agropyron repens var. tenerum (Vasey) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 637 (1896)

= Agropyron richardsonii var. ciliatum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 29 (1897)

= Agropyron tenerum var. ciliatum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 30 (1897)

= Agropyron tenerum var. longifolium Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 30 (1897)

= Agropyron tenerum var. majus (Vasey) Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 543 (1905)

= Agropyron tenerum var. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Farw.; Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 355 (1920)

= Agropyron tenerum var. trichocoleum Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 546 (1905)

= Agropyron tenerum Vasey; Bot. Gaz. 10: 258 (1885)

= Agropyron teslinense Porsild & Senn; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 121 (Bot. S.E. Yukon): 98 (1951)

= Agropyron trachycaulon (Link) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 344 (1854)

= Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte ex H.F.Lewis; Canad. Field-Naturalist 45: 201 (1931)

= Agropyron trachycaulum f. caninoides (Ramaley) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 520 (1967)

= Agropyron trachycaulum f. ciliatum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Dore; Naturaliste Canad. 103(6): 554 (1976)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. caerulescens Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 47 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. ciliatum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gleason; Phytologia 4(1): 21 (1952), isonym

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. ciliatum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 47 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. fernaldii (Pease & A.H.Moore) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 46 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. glaucescens Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 45 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. glaucum (Pease & A.H.Moore) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 47 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. hirsutum Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 48 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. majus (Vasey) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 171 (1933)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 174 (1933)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. pilosiglume Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 48 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. richardsonii (Schrad.) Malte; Canad. Field-Naturalist 45: 201 (1931)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. tenerum (Vasey) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 44 (1932)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. trichocoleum (Piper) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 45 (1932)

= Agropyron violacescens (Ramaley) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 635 (1896)

= Agropyron violaceum f. caninoides Ramaley; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 108 (1894)

= Agropyron violaceum var. majus Vasey; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 280 (1893)

= Crithopyrum trachycaulon Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 344 (1854), pro syn.

= Elymus charkeviczii Prob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 69: 256 (1984)

= Elymus novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 14: 245 (1977)

= Elymus pauciflorus (Schwein.) Gould; Madroño 9: 126 (1947) non Lam. (1791)

= Elymus subsecundus subsp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 23 (1973)

= Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 340 (1966)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. major (Vasey) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 23 (1973)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. teslinensis (Porsild & Senn) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 167 (1980)

= Elymus trachycaulus var. majus (Vasey) Beetle; Phytologia 55(3): 210 (1984)

= Roegneria novae-angliae (Scribn.) Jurtzev & Petrovsky; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 85(6): 100 (1980)

= Roegneria pauciflora (Schwein.) Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 1945(7): 36, 89 (1945), in obs. p. p. quoad nomen

= Roegneria trachycaulon (Link) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 599 (1934), in obs. p. p. quoad nomen

= Triticum pauciflorum Schwein.; Narrat. Exped. St. Peter´s River [Keating] 2: 383 (1824)

= Triticum trachycaulum Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 189 (1833)

= Zeia tenera (Vasey) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 227 (1915)

subspecies :

subsp. subsecundus (Link) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

Name: Slender wheatgrass

Distribution: N-Europe [I]; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron caninum f. violacescens Ramaley; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 107 (1894)

= Agropyron caninum var. richardsonii (Schrad.) Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 18 (1912)

= Agropyron caninum var. unilaterale Vasey; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 279 (1893)

= Agropyron richardsonii (Schrad.) P.Candargy; Arch. Biol. Vég. Pure Appl. 1: 23, 43 (1901), isonym

= Agropyron richardsonii (Schrad.) Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 29 (1897)

= Agropyron subsecundum (Link) Hitchc.; Amer. J. Bot. 21: 131 (1934)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. richardsonii (Schrad.) Malte ex H.F.Lewis; Canad. Field-Naturalist 45: 201 (1931)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. unilaterale (Cassidy) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 46 (1932)

= Agropyron unilaterale Cassidy; Bull. Colorado State Univ. Exp. Sta. 12: 63 (1890) [nom. illeg., non (L.) P. Beauv. 1812]

= Cryptopyrum richardsonii (Schrad.) Heynh.; Alph. Aufz. Gew. 174 (1846), pro syn.

= Elymus donianus subsp. subsecundus (Link) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 13: 201 (1964)

= Elymus pauciflorus subsp. subsecundus (Link) Gould; Madroño 9(4): 126 (1947)

= Elymus subsecundus (Link) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 13: 201 (1964)

= Elymus subsecundus (Link) Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 339 (1966)

= Elymus trachycaulus var. unilaterale (Cassidy) Beetle; Phytologia 55(3): 210 (1984)

= Roegneria subsecunda (Link) Melderis; Nordisk Kärlväxtfl. 1: 376 (1953), in obs.

= Triticum richardsonii Schrad.; Linnaea 12: 467 (1838)

= Triticum spinulosum Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 7 (1816)

= Triticum subsecundum Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 190 (1833)

= Zeia richardsonii (Schrad.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 227 (1915)

subspecies :

subsp. stefanssonii (Melderis) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

Distribution: ?Sweden

Error

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria doniana var. stefanssonii Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 158 (1950)

subspecies :

subsp. virescens (Lange) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

Distribution: Greenland

70 GNL

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron violaceum var. virescens Lange; Consp. Fl. Groenland. 155 (1880)

= Elymus donianus subsp. virescens (Lange) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 13: 201 (1964)

= Roegneria virescens (Lange) Böcher, Holmen & Jakobsen; Grønl. Fl., ed. 2: 294 (1966)

species :

Elymus transhyrcanus (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron leptourum (Nevski) Grossh.; Trudy Bot. Inst. (Baku) 8(48) (Fl. Kavkaza 1): 331 (1939)

= Agropyron transhyrcanum (Nevski) Bondarenko; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 1: 173 (1968)

= Elymus transhyrcanus subsp. lorestanicus Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 6: 194 (1994)

= Elymus transhyrcanus var. togarovii Ataeva; Izv. Akad. Nauk Turkmensk. S.S.R., Ser. Biol. Nauk 1987(3): 54 (1987)

= Elymus zagricus Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 6: 191 (1994)

= Elymus zagricus var. lorestanicus Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 6: 194 (1994)

= Elytrigia vvedenskyi Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 286. 539 (1941)

= Roegneria leptoura Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 623 (1934)

= Roegneria transhyrcana Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 70 (1934)

= Semeiostachys leptoura (Nevski) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 285 (1941)

species :

Elymus trichospiculus (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 428 (2002)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria trichospicula L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14(4): 340-342. fig. 2 (1994)

species :

Elymus troctolepis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron troctolepis (Nevski) Melderis; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 70: 182 (1970)

= Roegneria troctolepis Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 623 (1934)

= Roegneria troctolepis Nevski ex Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 53 (1936), latine

species :

Elymus uralensis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 63 (1971)

Distribution: E-European Russia (S-Urals); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Northern Caucasus; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 NCS 36 CHI 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron karkaralense Roshev.; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 100 (1936)

= Agropyron komarovii Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 610 (1932)

= Agropyron tianschanicum Drobow; Key Fl. Tashkent [Vvedensky et al.] 40 (1923), et in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 38: 147 (1924), et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 42 (1925)

= Agropyron tianschanicum Drobow ex Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 622 (1932), descr. emend. (1931) [non Elymus tianschanicus Drobow (1925)]

= Agropyron uralense Nevski; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 89 (1930)

= Elymus komarovii (Nevski) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 216 (1968), non Ohwi (1933)

= Elymus platyphyllus (Keng & S.L.Chen) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 456 (1984)

= Elymus prokudinii (Seredin) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972)

= Elymus tianschanigenus Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 351 (1981), nom. nov.

= Elymus uralensis subsp. komarovii (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus uralensis subsp. prokudinii (Seredin) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus uralensis subsp. tianschanicus (Drobow) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 22 (1973)

= Elymus uralensis subsp. viridiglumis (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 63 (1971)

= Elymus viridiglumis (Nevski) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 351 (1981)

= Elymus viridiglumis subsp. suberectus Charit.; Vestn. Tobol´skoi Gosud. Pedagog. Inst. 10: 22 (-23) (2009)

= Roegneria karkaralensis (Roshev.) Filat.; Ill. Opred. Rast. Kazakh. 1: 116 (1968)

= Roegneria komarovii (Nevski) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 71 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria platyphylla Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 35 (1963)

= Roegneria prokudinii Seredin; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 55 (1965)

= Roegneria taigae Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 616 (1934)

= Roegneria tianschanica (Drobow) Nevski; Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 71 (1934), in clavi

= Roegneria uralensis (Nevski) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 614 (1934)

= Roegneria viridiglumis Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 616 (1934)

= Semeiostachys tianschanica (Drobow) Drobow; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 284 (1941)

species :

Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 131 (1809)

Name: Hairy wildrye

Distribution: N-Europe [I]; Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (NE-Wyoming, NE-New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island)

72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus canadensis var. villosus (Muhl. ex Willd.) Shinners; Rhodora 56: 28 (1954), nom. illeg.

= Elymus ciliatus Muhl.; Descr. Gram. [Muhlenberg] 179 (1817)

= Elymus hirsutus Schreb. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 776 (1817) [nom. inval., as syn. of Elymus villosus Muhl.]

= Elymus propinquus Fresen.; Index Sem. (Frankfurt) 1836: 4 (1836)

= Elymus striatus f. glaber Hack.; Exsicc. (Gram., J.A.Kneucker) 32: no. 953 (1915), nom. inval.

= Elymus striatus var. ballii Pammel; Grass. Iowa 2: 347 (1905)

= Elymus striatus var. propinquus (Fresen.) Hack.; Exsicc. (Gram., J.A.Kneucker) 32: no. 953 (1915)

= Elymus striatus var. villosus (Muhl. ex Willd.) A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray] 603 (1848)

= Elymus virginicus subsp. villosus (Muhl. ex Willd.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 452 (1984)

= Hordeum villosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 109 (1907), in clavi

= Terrellia villosa (Muhl. ex Willd.) B.R.Baum; Canad. J. Bot. 57(8): 947 (1979)

variant :

var. arkansanus (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) J.J.N.Campb.; Novon 5(2): 128 (1995)

Distribution: USA (Arkansas)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus arkansanus Scribn. & C.R.Ball; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 45 (1900)

= Elymus striatus var. arkansanus (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Hitchc.; Rhodora 8: 212 (1906)

= Elymus villosus f. arkansanus (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 195 (1933)

species :

Elymus violaceus (Hornem.) J.Feilberg; Meddel. Grønland, Biosci. 15: 12 (1984)

Distribution: Iceland [I]; Norway [I]; Belgium [I]; Denmark [I]; Estonia [I]; Belarus [I]; NW-European Russia [I]; C-European Russia [I]; E-European Russia [I]; S-European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Siberia (Altai [I], Buryatia [I], Chita [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], Tuva [I], Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan); Kazakhstan [I]; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

10 den ice nor 11 bgm 14 blr est rus ukr 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 kaz 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: The species circumscription is often highly extended to include E. trachycaulus and other species

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Rydb.; Bull. Colorado Agric. Exp. Sta. 100: 54 (1906)

= Agropyron biflorum subsp. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 547 (1905)

= Agropyron biflorum subsp. latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 547 (1905)

= Agropyron biflorum var. hornemannii B.Fedtsch.; Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 14(Suppl. 2): 95 (1915), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Agropyron brevifolium Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 55, pl. 13 (1898)

= Agropyron caninoides (Ramaley) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 640 (1896)

= Agropyron caninum f. pubescens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 71 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum subsp. latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 73 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum var. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 75 (1910)

= Agropyron caninum var. latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Pease & A.H.Moore; Rhodora 12: 73 (1910)

= Agropyron latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 539 (1909)

= Agropyron latiglume var. alboviride Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 38: 259 (1942)

= Agropyron latiglume var. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Malte; Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada 68: 36 (1932)

= Agropyron latiglume var. pilosiglume Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 38: 259 (1942)

= Agropyron subsecundum var. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Hitchc.; Amer. J. Bot. 21: 132 (1934)

= Agropyron trachycaulum f. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Rhodora 54: 196 (1952)

= Agropyron trachycaulum var. latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Rhodora 54: 196 (1952)

= Agropyron violaceum (Hornem.) Lange; Consp. Fl. Groenland. 155 (1880)

= Agropyron violaceum subsp. andinum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Melderis; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 19 (1968)

= Agropyron violaceum var. andinum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 30 (1897)

= Agropyron violaceum var. latiglume Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 30 (1897)

= Agropyron ×brevifolium Scribn.(pro sp.); Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 55, pl. 13 (1898)

= Elymus alaskanus subsp. latiglumis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 166 (1980)

= Elymus kamczadalorum (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 61 (1972), et Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 14: 245 (1977)

= Elymus trachycaulus f. andinus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 210 (1984)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. andinus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 502 (1975 publ. 1976)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. glaucus (Pease & A.H.Moore) Cody; Canad. Field-Naturalist 108: 93 (1994)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. kamczadalorum (Nevski) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. latiglumis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey; Great Basin Naturalist 43(4): 562 (1983)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. sierrae (Gould) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 461 (1984)

= Elymus trachycaulus subsp. violaceus (Hornem.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128(4): (1976)

= Elymus trachycaulus var. andinus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 298 (1988)

= Elymus trachycaulus var. latiglumis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Phytologia 55: 209 (1984)

= Elymus trachycaulus var. violaceus (Hornem.) S.L.Welsh; Utah Fl., ed. 4: 851 (2008)

= Elymus violaceus subsp. andinus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 182 (2000)

= Elymus violaceus subsp. latiglumis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 181 (2000)

= Roegneria kamczadalorum Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 2: 619 (1934), et Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast., Ser. 1, Fasc. 2, 52 (1936), latine

= Roegneria latiglumis (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 55 (1936)

= Roegneria violacea (Hornem.) Melderis; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44: 159 (1950)

= Triticum biflorum var. hornemannii W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 2: 953 (1844), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Triticum caninum var. violaceum (Hornem.) Laest.; Bot. Not. 77 (1856)

= Triticum latiglume (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) F.Herm.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 76: 40 (1936)

= Triticum repens var. tenerum Vasey; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 293 (1879), nomen

= Triticum repens var. violaceum (Hornem.) Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 4: 43 (1843)

= Triticum violaceum Hornem.; Fl. Dan. [Oeder et al.] 12: t. 2044 (1832)

species :

Elymus virginicus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 84 (1753)

Name: Virginia wildrye

Distribution: N-Europe [I]; Germany [I]; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

11 ger 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron vaginans (Pers.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 102 (1812)

= Elymus canadensis var. intermedius Vasey ex A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray] ed. 6: 673 (1890)

= Elymus carolinianus Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 82 (1788)

= Elymus durus Hedw. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 550 (1841) [nom. inval.]

= Elymus flexuosus Tausch; Flora 20: 120 (1837)

= Elymus hirsutiglumis Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 58 (1898) [nom. nov.]

= Elymus hordeiformis Desf.; Tabl. Ecole Bot. 15 (1804)

= Elymus intermedius (Vasey ex A.Gray) Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 38 (1897), nom. illeg.

= Elymus jejunus (Ramaley) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 539 (1909)

= Elymus striatus Schreb. ex Muhl.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 3: 161 (1793), nomen

= Elymus striatus Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 470 (1797)

= Elymus virginicus f. hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 198 (1933)

= Elymus virginicus f. jejunus Ramaley; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 9: 114 (1894)

= Elymus virginicus f. lasiolepis Fernald; Rhodora 35: 198 (1933)

= Elymus virginicus var. glaucus Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 653 (1896)

= Elymus virginicus var. hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) Hitchc.; Rhodora 10: 65 (1908), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Elymus virginicus var. intermedius (Vasey ex A.Gray) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 60 (1926)

= Elymus virginicus var. jejunus (Ramaley) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 65 (1926)

= Elymus virginicus var. micromeris Schmoll; Rhodora 39: 416 (1937)

= Elymus virginicus var. minor Vasey ex L.H.Dewey; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 2: 550 (1892)

= Hordeum cartilagineum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 199 (1794), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Hordeum striatum (Willd.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 109 (1907), in clavi

= Hordeum virginicum (L.) Schenck; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 109 (1907), in clavi

= Leptothrix virginica (L.) Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 7: 66 (1868), in adnot.

= Terrella hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Terrella jejuna (Ramaley) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Terrella virginica (L.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

= Terrellia hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932)

= Terrellia jejuna (Ramaley) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932)

= Terrellia striata (Willd.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

= Terrellia virginica (L.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 228 (1915)

= Triticum vaginans Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 109 (1805)

variant :

var. australis (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Hitchc.; Publ. Dept. Conservation Indiana 82: 113 (1929)

Name: Hairy southwestern wildrye

Distribution: USA (Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama, Georgia, etc.)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus australis Scribn. & C.R.Ball; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 46 (1901)

= Elymus glabriflorus var. australis (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) J.J.N.Campb.; Novon 5: 128 (1995)

= Elymus virginicus f. australis (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) Fernald; Rhodora 35: 198 (1933)

variant :

var. glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H.Dewey) Bush; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 62 (1926)

Name: Southwestern wildrye

Distribution: USA (Kansas, Oklahoma, E-Texas, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Illinois, Indiana, S-Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus australis var. glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H.Dewey) Wiegand; Rhodora 20: 84 (1918)

= Elymus canadensis var. glabriflorus Vasey ex L.H.Dewey; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 2: 550 (1894)

= Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H.Dewey) Scribn. & C.R.Ball; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 24: 49 (1900)

variant :

var. halophilus (E.P.Bicknell) Wiegand; Rhodora 20: 83 (1918)

Distribution: Canada (Nova Scotia); USA (Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia)

72 CDN 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus halophilus E.P.Bicknell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 201 (1908)

= Terrella halophila (E.P.Bicknell) Nevski; Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 639 (1932), in adnot. (1931)

species :

Elymus viridulus (Keng & S.L.Chen) S.L.Chen; Bull. Nanjing Bot. Gard. 1987: 9 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: China (Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria viridula Keng & S.L.Chen; J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 3: 39 (1963)

species :

Elymus vulpinus Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 540 (1909)

Name: Rydberg´s wildrye

Distribution: USA (Montana, Nebraska)

73 USA 74 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron richardsonii var. vulpinum (Rydb.) Hitchc.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41: 159 (1928)

= Agropyron vulpinum (Rydb.) Hitchc.; Amer. J. Bot. 21: 132 (1934)

= Agropyron ×pseudorepens var. vulpinum (Rydb.) Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1443 (1965)

species :

Elymus wawawaiensis J.R.Carlson & Barkworth; Phytologia 83(4): 327 (1997 publ. 1998)

Name: Snake River wheatgrass

Distribution: USA (Washington, NE-Oregon, Idaho, Montana, N-Utah, N-Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

species :

Elymus wiegandii Fernald; Rhodora 35: 192 (1933)

Name: Wiegand´s wildrye

Distribution: Canada (Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Gaspe peninsula, New Brunswick); USA (North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus canadensis f. calvescens (Fernald) Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 42: 575 (1964)

= Elymus canadensis f. wiegandii (Fernald) Scoggan; Fl. Canada 2: 269 (1978)

= Elymus canadensis subsp. wiegandii (Fernald) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 167 (1980)

= Elymus canadensis var. wiegandii (Fernald) Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 42: 574 (1964)

= Elymus wiegandii f. calvescens Fernald; Rhodora 35: 192 (1933)

= Elymus wiegandii var. calvescens (Fernald) A.Haines; Bot. Notes 17: 5 (2023)

species :

Elymus yangiae B.Rong Lu; Willdenowia 22(1-2): 129, f. 1 (1992) (yangii)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria yangiae (B.Rong Lu) L.B.Cai; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(2): 158 (1997)

species :

Elymus yenchianus (X.Fan & L.N.Sha) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria yenchiana X.Fan & L.N.Sha; Ecol. Evol. 14(3)-e11171: 5 (2024)

species :

Elymus yubaridakensis (Honda) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 54 (1937)

Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Clinelymus yubaridakensis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 572 (1936)

species :

Elymus yushuensis (L.B.Cai) S.L.Chen & G.H.Zhu; Novon 12: 428 (2002)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria yushuensis L.B.Cai; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14(4): 337-340. fig. 1 (1994)

species :

Elymus zadoiensis S.L.Lu & Y.H.Wu; Fl. Kunlunica 4: 558 (2013)

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

species :

Elymus zaquensis (Y.H.Wu) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (Qinghai)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Roegneria zaquensis Y.H.Wu; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 28(2): 396 (2008)

species :

Elymus zejensis Prob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 69(2): 257 (1984)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur)

30 SIB 31 RFE

species :

Elymus zhui S.L.Chen; Fl. China 22: 410 (2006), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus minor (Keng) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 485 (1984), nom. inval.

= Roegneria minor Keng; J. Nanjing Univ. (Biol.) 1963(1): 71 (1963)

species :

Elymus ×bobrovicus (Kotukhov) Olshanskyi; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 80(2): 130 (2023)

Distribution: Asia

Error

Remarks: Elymus dentatus (nevskii) x E. repens

Synonyms: hidden

= xElymotrigia bobrovica Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 1(1): 17 (1998)

species :

Elymus ×brachyphyllus (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 458 (1984)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: Elymus longiaristatus x E. panormitanus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×brachyphyllum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 663 (1884)

species :

Elymus ×czilikensis (Drobow) Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 4: 214 (1968)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI

Remarks: Elymus dahuricus x E.uralensis

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×czilikense Drobow; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 43 (1925)

species :

Elymus ×drucei (Stace) Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, 5. éd. 1047 (2004)

Name: Lockerährige Quecke (DE)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, S-Scotland); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Belgium; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein); France; etc.

10 GRB IRE 11 BGM GER 12 FRA

Remarks: Elymus athericus x Elymus repens.

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia ×drucei Stace; Watsonia 23(4): 546 (2001)

= xThinoelymus drucei (Stace) Banfi; Nat. Hist. Sci. 5(2): 61 (2018)

species :

Elymus ×ebingeri G.C.Tucker; Harvard Pap. Bot. 9: 83 (1996)

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, New York, Wisconsin)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Elymus hystrix x virginicus

species :

Elymus ×fedoronchukii Olshanskyi; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 80(2): 130 (2023), nom. nov.

Distribution: Asia

Error

Remarks: Elymus mutabilis x E. repens

Synonyms: hidden

= xElymotrigia gigantea Kotukhov; Turczaninowia 1(1): 18 (1998)

species :

Elymus ×fedtschenkoanus (Tzvelev) comb.ined.

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Elytrigia ×fedtschenkoana Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 81 (2006)

species :

Elymus ×hansenii Scribn.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 11: 56, f. 12 (1898)

Distribution: USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Elymus elymoides x E. glaucus

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus ×leckenbyi (Piper) Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 151 (1906)

= Elymus ×saundersii var. californicus Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 255 (1943)

= Sitanion ×anomalum J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 20 (1899)

= Sitanion ×hansenii (Scribn.) J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 17: 328 (1899)

= Sitanion ×hansenii var. anomalum (J.G.Sm.) Hitchc.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41: 160 (1928)

= Sitanion ×leckenbyi Piper; Erythea 7: 100 (1899)

= Sitanion ×planifolium J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 18: 19 (1899)

= Sitanion ×rubescens Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 234 (1903)

= Sitanion ×velutinum Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 233 (1903)

= xElysitanion hansenii (Scribn.) Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 45: 721 (1967)

species :

Elymus ×incertus H.Hartmann; Candollea 39: 519 (1984)

Distribution: NW-India

40 IND

Remarks: Elymus longiaristatus var. canaliculatus x E. repens

species :

Elymus ×interjacens (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 639 (1983)

Distribution: Pakistan (Gilgit)

40 PAK

Remarks: Elymus fedtschenkoi x canaliculatus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×interjacens Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 691 (1960)

species :

Elymus ×maltei Bowden; Canad. J. Bot. 42: 575 (1964)

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA

Remarks: Elymus canadensis x virginicus

Synonyms: hidden

= Elymus ×maltei nothomorph. brownii Bowden

= Elymus ×maltei nothomorph. churchii Bowden

= Elymus ×maltei nothomorph. simulans Bowden

= xTerrelymus maltei (Bowden) B.R.Baum; Canad. J. Bot. 57(8): 947 (1979)

species :

Elymus ×nakashimae (Ohwi) Yonek.; J. Jap. Bot. 80(6): 332 (2005)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Elymus ciliare var. minor x E. tsukushiense var. transiens

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×nakashimae Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 257 (1942)

species :

Elymus ×nothus (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 639 (1983)

Distribution: Pakistan (Karakorum, Gilgit); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

Remarks: Elymus dentatus x fedtschenkoi

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×nothum Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 693 (1960)

species :

Elymus ×pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey; Great Basin Naturalist 43(4): 568 (1983)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Guerrero, Nuevo León, Oaxaca)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Elymus lanceolatus x E. trachycaulus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron tenerum subsp. magnum (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Piper; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 546 (1905)

= Agropyron tenerum var. pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 14: 19 (1912)

= Agropyron trachycaulum f. pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Beetle; Rhodora 54: 196 (1952)

= Agropyron vaillantianum (Wulfen & Schreb.) Trautv. ex Besser

= Agropyron ×pseudorepens Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 34 (1897)

= Agropyron ×pseudorepens var. magnum Scribn. & J.G.Sm.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 35 (1897)

= Agropyron ×pseudorepens var. sennii B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 520 (1967)

= Elymus pauciflorus subsp. pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Gould; Madroño 10: 94 (1949)

= Zeia ×pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 226 (1915)

species :

Elymus ×spurius (Melderis) G.Singh; Taxon 32(4): 639 (1983)

Distribution: Pakistan (Karakorum)

40 PAK

Remarks: Elymus dentatus x russellii

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×spurium Melderis; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 695 (1960)

species :

Elymus ×tallonii (Simonet) M.Hassl.; Fl. German. [M. Hassler & T. Muer] 1675 (2022), comb. inval. (basionym invalid)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen); France; etc.

11 GER 12 FRA

Remarks: Elymus repens x E. campestris

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×tallonii Simonet; Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 221: 1212 (1935), nom. inval.

= Elytrigia ×tallonii (Simonet) B.Bock; Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 43: 220 (2012), nom. inval.

species :

Elymus ×versicolor A.P.Khokhr.; Biol. Rast. i Fl. Sev. Dal´n. Vostok. (ed. M.T.Mazurenko): 33 (1981)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Magadan)

31 RFE

Remarks: Elymus macrourus x Elymus reflexiaristatus

Synonyms: hidden

= xElymotrigia versicolor (A.P.Khokhr.) Lysenko; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 95: 1764 (2010)

species :

Elymus ×wallii (Connor) Á.Löve & Connor; New Zealand J. Bot. 20(2): 183 (1982)

Distribution: New Zealand

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×wallii Connor; Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 84: 747 (1957)

species :

Elymus ×yukonensis (Scribn. & Merr.) Á.Löve; Taxon 29(1): 168 (1980)

Name: Yukon wheatgrass

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia)

70 ASK 71 CDN

Remarks: Elymus alaskanus x E. lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus

Synonyms: hidden

= Agropyron ×yukonense Scribn. & Merr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 85 (1910)

= Elymus lanceolatus subsp. yukonensis (Scribn. & Merr.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 470 (1984)

= Elytrigia dasystachya subsp. yukonense (Scribn. & Merr.) D.R.Dewey; Brittonia 35(1): 31 (1983)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
**in total 1,416,144* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (15)

Genus (849)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
**in total 1,416,144* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]