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466.0000 Family Apiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 21 (1836), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 460 - 480 genera, ca. 3900 spp. Phylogeny still partially incomplete, taken from recent partial revisions (Downie et al. etc.), and Clarkson et al. (2021) who do cover only 290 genera. Genus circumscriptions mostly following Kubitzki (ed., 2018)
Species listed in database: 3917; hybrids: 17
= Actinotaceae Konstant. & Melikyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 90: 1763 (2005)
= Ammiaceae Bercht. & C.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Angelicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 29 (1820)
= Bupleuraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Caucalidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Coriandraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 783, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Daucaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 183 (1820)
= Eryngiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Ferulaceae Sacc.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 214 (1872)
= Imperatoriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 328 (1820)
= Lagoeciaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Mackinlayaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: lii (2001)
= Pastinacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 457 (1820)
= Pimpinellaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Saniculaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Scandicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Selinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Sileraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Smyrniaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Umbelliferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 218 (1789), nom. cons.
466.9312 Genus Foeniculum Hill; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
Distribution: Circummediterranean to Ethiopian. The genus is often included in an expanded Anethum s. l.
Species listed in database: 5
= Ozodia Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 375 (1834)

Search for: Foeniculum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Nothing found!
species :
Foeniculum piperitum (Ucria) C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] p. xxvi (1826)
Name: Esels-Fenchel, Pfeffer-Fenchel (DE)
Distribution: S-Europe (quite widespread); Greece; Germany [I]; San Marino [I]
11 ger 13 GRC sma
Remarks: treated at species level by Ilardi & Troia (2021)
Synonyms: hidden
= Anethum foeniculum subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France [Bonnier] 91 (1921)
= Anethum foeniculum subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Reduron & Spalik; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 198(1): 19 (2021), isonym
= Anethum foeniculum var. piperitum (Ucria) DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 79 (1813)
= Anethum piperitum Ucria; Nuov. Racc. Opusc. Aut. Sicil. 6: 250 (1793)
= Foeniculum capillaceum subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 7: 279 (1901)
= Foeniculum divaricatum Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 358 (1843)
= Foeniculum officinale var. piperitum (Ucria) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 156 (1866)
= Foeniculum piperitum (Ucria) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 187 (1826), isonym
= Foeniculum piperitum subsp. divaricatum (Griseb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 292 (1879)
= Foeniculum piperitum var. pluriradiatum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 975 (1872)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Bég.; Ann. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Genova, Ser. 3, 3: 447 (1907)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 450 (1913), isonym
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. sylvestre (Brot.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 5(1-2): 88 (1953), nom. inval.
= Foeniculum vulgare var. piperitum (Ucria) Ball; Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 472 (1878)
= Foeniculum vulgare var. piperitum (Ucria) Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 4: 180 (1906), isonym
= Meum piperitum (Ucria) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 435 (1820)
= Meum piperitum (Ucria) Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 291 (1824-1829), isonym
= Seseli piperitum (Ucria) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 29: 183 (1915 publ. 1916)
species :
Foeniculum sanguineum Triano & A.Pujadas; Acta Bot. Malac. 40: 75 (2015)
Distribution: Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Foeniculum vulgare var. sanguineum (Triano & A.Pujadas) Reduron; Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 49: 124 (2018)
= Anethum sanguineum (Triano & A.Pujadas) Spalik, Banasiak & Frank.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 198(1): 19 (2021)
species :
Foeniculum scoparium Quézel; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 48: 91 (1957)
Distribution: S-Libya; N-Chad (Tibesti)
20 LBY 24 CHA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Foeniculum subinodorum Maire, Weiller & Wilczek; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 121, 205 (1935)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: status disputed
Synonyms: hidden
= Foeniculum vulgare var. subinodorum (Maire, Weiller & Wilczek) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc [Jahandiez et al.] 4: 1087 (1941)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. subinodorum (Maire, Weiller & Wilczek) Ibn Tattou; Bocconea 8: 184 (1998)
species :
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: s. p. (1768)
Name: Echter Fenchel (DE), Eneldo, Esmeldo (ES); Fennel (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I], Sark [I]); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania [I]; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread); Crete; European Russia; Siberia [I] (SW-Siberia [I]); Ukraine [I]; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Nile Delta); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Sudan [I]; Djibouti [I]; Angola [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); St. Helena [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Kunar / Nuristan, Parwan); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates [I]; Yemen (Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Jilin, Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong); Tibet; Mongolia [c]; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [I]; India [I] (almost throughout); Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Jawa [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Rapa Iti [I], Tubuai [I]); Guam [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], Nebraska [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I]); St. Barthélémy [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Lagos [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 grb ire 11 aut bgm ger hun net pol SLO swi 12 ADO BAL cis COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL rom SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS ukr 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 24 dji sud 26 ang moz zim 27 saf 28 sth 29 mau reu rod 30 sib 32 kaz TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 qat SAU uae YEM 36 CHI TIB 37 mon 38 kor tai 40 ban bhu ind nep 41 and mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw phi 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 60 fij nue 61 aui sci 62 gum 63 haw 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos els gua hon 81 bbd gdl his mar pue sba stv vir 82 clm 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg cle jnf par uru
Synonyms: hidden
= Anethum foeniculum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 263 (1753)
= Anethum foeniculum var. graveolens Hoffm.; Gen. Pl. Umbell. [Hoffmann] 5 (1814)
= Anethum foeniculum var. romanum Hoffm.; Gen. Pl. Umbell. [Hoffmann] 5 (1814)
= Anethum foeniculum var. vulgare Hoffm.; Gen. Pl. Umbell. [Hoffmann] 5 (1814)
= Anethum minus Gouan; Ill. Observ. Bot. 20 (1773)
= Anethum panmori Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 94 (1824), orth. var.
= Anethum panmorium Roxb.; Asiat. Res. 11: 156 (1810)
= Anethum rupestre Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 168 (1796), nom. illeg.
= Foeniculum capillaceum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 40 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Foeniculum capillaceum Gilib. ex Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 7: 278 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Foeniculum capillaceum var. macrocarpum Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 7: 278 (1901)
= Foeniculum foeniculum (L.) H.Karst.; Ill. Repet. Pharm.-Med. Bot. 837 (1886), nom. inval.
= Foeniculum giganteum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 445 (1909)
= Foeniculum officinale All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 25 (1785)
= Foeniculum officinale subsp. pateri Prodan; Prodr. Fl. Romane 2: 124 (1923)
= Foeniculum officinale var. silvestre Alef.; Landw. Fl. 155 (1866)
= Foeniculum panmorium (Roxb.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 142 (1830)
= Foeniculum rigidum Brot. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 643 (1841)
= Foeniculum vulgare f. claryi (Batt. & Trab.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1287 (1926)
= Foeniculum vulgare f. pateri (Prodan) Borza; Consp. Fl. Român. 202 (1949)
= Foeniculum vulgare f. pauciradiatum (Nábělek) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1287 (1926)
= Foeniculum vulgare f. pauciradiatum Nábělek; Spisy Přír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 127 (1923)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. capillaceum (Burnat) Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 140 (1914)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. capillaceum P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 683 (1936)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. pateri Prodan; Prodr. Fl. Romane 2: 124
= Foeniculum vulgare var. capillaceum Gilib. ex Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 4: 179 (1906), nom. illeg.
= Foeniculum vulgare var. capillaceum Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 173 (1900)
= Foeniculum vulgare var. inodorum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 205 (1935)
= Ligusticum foeniculum (L.) Crantz; Cl. Umbell. Emend. 82 (1767)
= Ligusticum foeniculum (L.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 124 (1788)
= Meum foeniculum (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 483 (1820)
= Ozodia foeniculacea Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 375 (1834)
= Selinum foeniculum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 115 (1904)
= Seseli foeniculum (L.) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 29: 183 (1916)
= Tenoria romana Schkuhr ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 434 (1820), nom. inval.
variant :
var. azoricum (Mill.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1287 (1926)
Distribution: Azores; Madeira [I]
21 AZO mdr
Synonyms: hidden
= Foeniculum azoricum Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
= Foeniculum vulgare convar. azoricum (Mill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 107 (1993)
variant :
var. dulce (Mill.) Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Algérie Tunisie 147 (1905)
Distribution: mostly cultivated
Error
Synonyms: hidden
= Anethum dulce (Mill.) DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 78 (1813)
= Anethum foeniculum var. dulce (Mill.) Nois.; Man. Compl. Jard. 2: 370 (1825)
= Foeniculum capillaceum proles dulce (Mill.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 7: 278 (1901)
= Foeniculum capillaceum f. dulce (Mill.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 7: 278 (1901)
= Foeniculum dulce Hill; Brit. Herb. [Hill] 414 (1756), opus utique oppr.
= Foeniculum dulce Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Foeniculum officinale subsp. dulce (Mill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 292 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Foeniculum officinale subsp. sativum (C.Presl) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 283 (1882), comb. illeg.
= Foeniculum officinale var. dulce (Mill.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 156 (1866)
= Foeniculum officinale var. dulce (Mill.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 283 (1882)
= Foeniculum officinale var. dulce (Mill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 683 (1937), nom. illeg.
= Foeniculum officinale var. hortorum Alef.; Landw. Fl. 155 (1866)
= Foeniculum officinale var. sativum (Bertol.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 283 (1882)
= Foeniculum sativum Bertol.; Fl. Ital. [Bertoloni] 3: 340 (1837-38)
= Foeniculum vulgare convar. sativum (C.Presl) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28: 107 (1993)
= Foeniculum vulgare convar. sativum (C.Presl) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 107 (1993), comb. illeg.
= Foeniculum vulgare f. dulce (Mill.) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 173 (1900)
= Foeniculum vulgare f. officinale (All.) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 173 (1900)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. dulce (Mill.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 283 (1882)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. sativum (Bertol.) Janch.; Cat. Fl. Austr. [Janchen] 2: 429 (1958), comb. illeg.
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. sativum (Bertol.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 244 (1965)
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. sativum (C.Presl) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 283 (1882), comb. illeg.
= Foeniculum vulgare subsp. sativum (C.Presl) Janch. ex Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 106 (1993), comb. illeg.
= Anethum foeniculum var. dulce (Mill.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 465 (1804)
= Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce (Mill.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 450 (1913)
= Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce (Mill.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1287 (1926)
= Foeniculum vulgare var. sativum (C.Presl) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1287 (1926), comb. illeg.
= Foeniculum vulgare var. sativum C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] XXVI (1826), nomen
= Seseli dulce (Mill.) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 29: 183 (1915 publ. 1916)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life