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177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12106; hybrids: 385
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)
177.4854 Genus Gastridium P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 21, t. 6, f. 6 (1812)
Distribution: Canary Is., W- and S-Europe, N-Africa southward to Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya; W- and SW-Asia; Caucasus
Species listed in database: 4
= Triplachne Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 241 (1833)
species :
Gastridium lainzii (Romero García) Romero Zarco; Acta Bot. Malac. 38: 225 (2013)
Distribution: SW-Spain; N-Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastridium phleoides subsp. lainzii Romero García; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 54: 404 (1996)
species :
Gastridium nitens (Guss.) Coss. & Durieu; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 229 (1854)
Name: Glänzender Strandhafer (DE); Shining Beachgrass (EN); Panasquillo fino (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); S-Greece (scattered Kiklades, very rare Argolis, SE-Peloponnisos, Kithira); Crete (incl. islets); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Nisyros, Kasos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia); Cyprus (NE-Cyprus); Israel (coastal W-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai)
11 ger 12 BAL GIB POR SPA 13 GRC KRI PEL PTL SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 34 CYP EAI ISR SIN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrostis nitens Guss.; Index Sem. (Boccadifalco) 1825: 1 (1825)
= Gastridium littorale Durieu ex Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 178 (1850), pro syn.
= Gastridium triaristatum Durieu; Rev. Bot. Recueil Mens. 2: 424 (1847)
= Lachnagrostis gussonis Trin.; Sp. Gram. [Trinius] 3: t. 243 (1829), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Milium lendigerum Delile ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 519 (1884), pro syn.
= Triplachne nitens (Guss.) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 241 (1833)
species :
Gastridium phleoides (Nees & Meyen) C.E.Hubb.; Kew Bull. [9]: 375 (1954)
Name: Östliches Nissengras (DE); Eastern Nit-grass (EN)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Italy; Sicily; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Libya (incl. Tibesti); Madeira [I] (incl. Ilhas Desertas [I], Porto Santo Isl. [I]); Islas Selvagens [I]; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Soqotra; Kenya; South Africa [I] (W-Cape Prov. [I]); Azerbaijan (Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Saudi Arabia (Asir); United Arab Emirates; Yemen (W-Yemen); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Easter Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Mississippi [I], Oregon [I], Texas [I]); Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I]); Desventuradas Isl. [I]; Juan Fdz. Isl.
12 BAL FRA POR SPA 13 GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE 20 LBY 21 mdr sel 24 DJI ERI ETH SOC SUD 25 KEN 27 saf 33 AZE 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ TUR 35 SAU UAE YEM 50 aus 61 eas 71 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 85 cle dsv JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrostis phleoides (Nees & Meyen) É.Desv.; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 6: 320 (1854)
= Calamagrostis phleoides (Nees & Meyen) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 251 (1841)
= Gastridium lendigerum var. longiaristatum Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2(App. 2): 30 (1894)
= Gastridium oblongum Coincy; J. Bot. [Morot] 13: 338 (1899)
= Gastridium ventricosum subsp. phleoides (Nees & Meyen) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 51: 1104 (1966)
= Gastridium ventricosum var. phleoides (Nees & Meyen) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 51: 1104 (1966)
= Lachnagrostis phleoides Nees & Meyen; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 146 (1843)
species :
Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 58: 39 (1913)
subspecies :
subsp. ventricosum
Name: Südliches Nissengras (DE); (Southern) Nit-grass (EN); Canota (ES)
Distribution: England (S-England, S-Wales); Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Sark); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece, almost all islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I], Ilhas Desertas [I], Porto Santo Isl. [I]); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Fogo Isl.); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Negev Desert); Yemen (W-Yemen); Australia [I] (Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Easter Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Mexico [I]; Peru [I]; Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 GRB 11 ger 12 BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI mdr SEL 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 YEM 50 aus 51 nzl 61 eas 63 haw 79 mex 83 per 85 jnf
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrostis australis L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 30 (1767)
= Agrostis lendigera (L.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 73 (1804)
= Agrostis panicea Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 58 (1783)
= Agrostis rubra Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson] 26 (1762), nom. illeg.
= Agrostis sicula Guss. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 42 (1840), pro syn.
= Agrostis ventricosa Gouan; Hortus Monsp. 39, t. 1, f. 2 (1762)
= Alopecurus ventricosus (Gouan) Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson], ed. 2, 1: 28 (1778)
= Alopecurus ventricosus var. lendigerus (L.) Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson], ed. 2: 28 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Arundo schwabii (Spreng.) Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.]: 603 (1827)
= Avena lendigera (L.) Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 23 (1796)
= Calamagrostis schwabii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 253 (1824)
= Chilochloa ventricosa (Gouan) P.Beauv. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 350 (1841), pro syn.
= Gastridium australe (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 21 (1812)
= Gastridium australe subsp. laxum (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 803 (1882)
= Gastridium australe var. muticum Kunth; Enum. Pl. [Kunth] 1: 230 (1833)
= Gastridium laxum Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 126 (1852)
= Gastridium lendigerum (L.) Desv.; Observ. Pl. Angers 48 (1818)
= Gastridium lendigerum (L.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 176 (1828), isonym
= Gastridium lendigerum subsp. laxum (Boiss. & Reut.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 47 (1890)
= Gastridium lendigerum var. laxum (Boiss. & Reut.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 75 (1913)
= Gastridium lendigerum var. muticum Douin; Fl. Ill. France 11: 144 (1931)
= Gastridium ventricosum subsp. laxum (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 23(4): 413 (1988)
= Gastridium vestitum Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. [Sprengel] 2: 36 (1821)
= Milium lendigerum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 91 (1762)
= Milium minimum Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 56 (1861), pro syn.
= Milium muticum Spreng.; Novi Provent. [Sprengel] 20 (1819), pro syn.
= Vilfa australis (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 16 (1812)
= Vilfa panicea (Lam.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 16 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. scabrum (C.Presl) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Man. Països Catalans 4: 509 (2001)
Name: Raues Nissengras (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; ?Baleares (?Mallorca); Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Morocco; Algeria; etc.
11 ger 13 ITA PTL SIC 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastridium lendigerum subsp. scabrum (C.Presl) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 356 (1894)
= Gastridium lendigerum var. muticum (Günther) Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 36 (1837)
= Gastridium lendigerum var. scabrum (C.Presl) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: t. 184 (1876)
= Gastridium muticum Günther; Novi Provent. [Sprengel] 20 (1818)
= Gastridium scabrum C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] xliv (1826), nomen
= Gastridium scabrum var. ambiguum Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 2: 145 (1953)
= Gastridium siculum Trin.; Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl. 169 (1824), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Milium scabrum (C.Presl) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 54 (1827)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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