330.0000 Family Malvaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 271 (1789), nom. cons.

249 genera, ca. 5400 spp.

Species listed in database: 5476; hybrids: 40

330.8103 Genus Hibiscus L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 693 (1753)

Distribution: warm-temp., subtrop., and tropical regions. Several genera might be spun off.

Species listed in database: 427; hybrids: 4

species :

Hibiscus acapulcensis Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 35 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Ficalho; Bol. Soc. Geogr. Lisb. Ser. II. 608 (1896)

Name: African rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: Benin [I]; Cameroon; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; South Sudan [I]; Angola; W-Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Taiwan [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Thailand [I]; Borneo [I]; Brunei [I]; Java [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Bahamas [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [c]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]; Paraguay [I]

22 ben 23 CMN PRI SAO 24 ssu 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 29 mau reu 38 tai 40 ban 41 tha 42 bor brn jaw 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos nic 81 bah his jam pue 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 85 par

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus eetveldeanus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 24 (1899)

= Hibiscus surattensis var. eetveldeanus (de Wild. & T.Durand) Hochr.

species :

Hibiscus acicularis Standl.; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 782 (1923)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus aculeatus Walter; Fl. Carol. 177 (1788)

Name: Comfortroot, Pineland hibiscus (ESN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus scaber Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michx.) 2: 45 (1803)

species :

Hibiscus adscensionis Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 58 (2004)

Name: Algodón de la pampa

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL

species :

Hibiscus aethiopicus L.; Mant. 2: 258 (1771)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; S-Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (North-West Prov., KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]

23 RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ 27 LES NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. helvolus Harv.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

= Hibiscus ambelacensis Schweinf. & Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 160 (1922)

= Hibiscus ellipticus E.Mey.; Drège, Zwei Pfl. Docum. 192 (1843)

= Hibiscus luteiflorus De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 505 (1922)

= Hibiscus propinquus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

variant :

var. angustifolius (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Exell

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. diversifolius Harv.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860), nom. superfl.

= Hibiscus ovatus var. angustifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1835)

= Hibiscus zeyheri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 97 (1900)

variant :

var. ovatus (Cav.) Harv.; Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aethiopicus var. asperifolius (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 99 (1900)

= Hibiscus asperifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)

= Hibiscus helvolus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

= Hibiscus leiospermus Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 1: 173 (1860)

= Hibiscus ovatus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 143 (t. 50, f. 3) (1787)

= Pavonia ovata (Cav.) Spreng.; Syst. 3: 99 (1826)

species :

Hibiscus ahlensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 365 (1920)

Distribution: NE-Somalia

24 SOM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus micranthus var. sanguineus (Franch.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 83 (1900)

= Hibiscus ouarsanguelicus Cufod.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 29: Suppl., 565 (1959), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus sanguineus Franch.; Sert. Somal.: 15 (1882), nom. illeg. non Griffith 1854

species :

Hibiscus allenii Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 45 (1907)

Distribution: SE-Tanzania; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana

25 TAN 26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM

species :

Hibiscus altissimus Hornby; Proc. & Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 41: 55 (1946)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal)

26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF

species :

Hibiscus amambayensis Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 79 (2004)

Distribution: Paraguay (Amambay)

85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cucurbitaceus var. acuminatus Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 378 (1909)

species :

Hibiscus amazonicus Fryxell; Acta Amazonica, 14(1-2 Suppl.): 101 (1984 publ. 1986)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus ambanitazensis M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 197 (2020)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus ambovombensis Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 158 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus analalavensis M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 198 (2020)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus andersonii Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 90 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus andongensis Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 70 (1900)

Distribution: NW-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1857

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus physaloides var. andongensis (Hiern) Hochr.

species :

Hibiscus aneuthe Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 188 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus angolensis Exell; J. Bot. 65: Suppl. 1, 35 (1927)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus anisostegius Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 160 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus ankaramyensis Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 162 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus ankeranensis M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 200 (2020)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus antanossarum Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 517 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus aphelus Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 188 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus apodus Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 390 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus aponeurus Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 54 (1908)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; N-Mozambique

23 RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ

species :

Hibiscus arenicola A.S.Mitch.; Nuytsia 2(6): 336 (1979)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus argutus Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 212 (1895)

Distribution: NW-Somalia

24 SOM

species :

Hibiscus aridicola J.Anthony; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 15(74): 241 (1927)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aridicola var. glabratus K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnanica 2: 225 (1979)

species :

Hibiscus aridus R.A.Dyer; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 460 (1933)

Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

species :

Hibiscus arnhemensis F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 175 (1974)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus arnottianus A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 176 (1854)

subspecies :

subsp. arnottianus

Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)

63 HAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus arnottianus f. parviflorus Skottsb.

= Hibiscus waimeae var. hookeri Hochr.

= Hibiscus boryanus Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy.: 79 (1832), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. immaculatus (M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 104 (1989)

Distribution: Hawaii (Molokai)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus immaculatus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 22 (1961)

subspecies :

subsp. punaluuensis (Skottsb.) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 104 (1989)

Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)

63 HAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus arnottianus var. punaluuensis (Skottsb.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.

= Hibiscus punaluuensis (Skottsb.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1957)

species :

Hibiscus articulatus Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 60 (1847)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; ?Eritrea; Zanzibar; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana

22 BEN BKN GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU SUD 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus articulatus var. glabrescens Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 4: 159 (1900)

= Hibiscus articulatus var. stenolobus Hochst. ex Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 201 (1868)

= Hibiscus bukamensis De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 38 (1915)

= Hibiscus eburneopetalus Baker f. [J.Bot.75: 100 (1937)]

= Hibiscus oenotheroides Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop.-aegypt. 47 (1854)

= Hibiscus rhodesicus Baker f. [J.Bot.37: 424 (1899)]

species :

Hibiscus asperifolioides Bân; Checkl. Pl. Sp. Vietnam 2: 560 (2003), nom. nov.

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus asperifolius Gagnep.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 11: 159 (1944), nom. illeg.

species :

Hibiscus australensis Fosberg; Micronesica 2: 156 (1967)

Distribution: Austral Isl. (Tubuai)

61 AUI

species :

Hibiscus austrinus Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 393 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus panduriformis var. australis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 96 (1900)

variant :

var. occidentalis Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 394 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus austroyunnanensis C.Y.Wu & K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnan. 2: 223, f. 59 (1979)

Distribution: China

36 CHI

species :

Hibiscus bacalusius Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 192 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus barbosae Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 174 (1959)

Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ

species :

Hibiscus benedicti Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 324 (2020), nom. nov.

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus involucratus (Hochr.) M.H.Hanes, G.E.Schatz & Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 196 (2020), nom. illeg.

= Macrostelia involucrata Hochr.; Notul. Syst. 14: 230 (1953)

species :

Hibiscus benensis Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 59 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz)

83 BOL

species :

Hibiscus benguellensis Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 134 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus bennettii L.A.J.Thomson & Braglia; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 92 (2019)

Distribution: Fiji

60 FIJ

species :

Hibiscus bequaertii De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 35 (1915)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus submonospermus Hochr. ex T.Durand & De Wild.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 40: 8

= Pavonia bequaertii (De Wild.) De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 497 (1922)

species :

Hibiscus berberidifolius A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 56 (1847)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. witteanus Hochr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 18: 276 (1947)

= Hibiscus parvilobus F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29: 67 (1999)

species :

Hibiscus bernieri Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 510 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus subtrichospermoides Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 161 (1949)

= Hibiscus boivinii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 510 (1885)

variant :

var. trichospermoides (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 65 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus trichospermoides Hochr.; Ann. Conserv & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 82 (1917)

species :

Hibiscus bicalyculatus Merr.; Philipp. Gov. Lab. Bur. Bull. 35: 39 (1905)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Hibiscus bifurcatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 146. t. 51, f. 1 (1787)

Name: Fork-bracted rosemallow (EN); Hibisco de laguna, Hibisco del pinar, Hibisco de sabana, Hibiscus del pinar, Majaguilla de pinar, Majaguilla del pinar (Cuba), Gombo de nuit, Gombo riviere (Lesser Antilles), Buenas tardes, Buenos dias (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Vincent; Trinidad; Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Acre); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná); Argentina (Chaco)

80 BLZ HON NIC PAN 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE STV TRT 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus bicornis G.Mey.; Prim. Fl. Esseq. 231 (1818)

= Hibiscus bifurcatus f. glaber Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 561 (1892)

= Hibiscus bifurcatus f. pilosus Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 561 (1892)

= Hibiscus bifurcatus var. bicornis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 109 (1900)

= Hibiscus fluminensis Vell.; Fl. Flum. 282 7: t. 34 (1829)

species :

Hibiscus biseptus S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 418 (1886)

Name: Arizona rosemallow

Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)

76 USA 79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus bojerianus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus exochandrus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 125 (1925)

= Hibiscus ferrugineus Bojer ex Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus myriaster Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 29: 7 (1891)

= Hibiscus oblatus Baker; J. L. Soc 22: 448 (1887)

species :

Hibiscus boranensis Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 33 (1948)

Distribution: S-Ethiopia

24 ETH

species :

Hibiscus borealis Hochr.; Candollea 14: 81 (1953)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus boryanus DC.; Prodr. 1: 446 (1824)

Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion; Hispaniola [I]; Guadeloupe [I]

29 MAU REU 81 gdl his

species :

Hibiscus brachychlaenus F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 5 (1862)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus microchlaenus F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 116 (1860)

species :

Hibiscus brachysiphonius F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 67 (1858)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus brackenridgei A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 175 (1854)

subspecies :

subsp. brackenridgei

Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered

subspecies :

subsp. mokuleianus (M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 105 (1989)

Distribution: Hawaii (+Kauai, Oahu)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. mokuleianus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 12 (1961)

subspecies :

subsp. molokaianus (Rock ex Caum) F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 45(4): 278 (1993)

Distribution: +Hawaii (+Molokai)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Extinct

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. molokaianus Rock ex Caum; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 9(5): 4 (1920)

species :

Hibiscus bragliae L.A.J.Thomson; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 98 (2019)

Distribution: Fiji

60 FIJ

species :

Hibiscus brennanii Craven & Fryxell; Beagle 10(1): 1 (1993)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus bricchettii Gürke ex Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 377 (1912)

Distribution: ?Ethiopia; Somalia

24 SOM

species :

Hibiscus burtonii F.M.Bailey; Dept. Agric. Brisbane Bot. Bull. 2: 7 (1891)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus burtt-davyi Dunkley; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 256 (1935)

Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique

26 MOZ ZIM

species :

Hibiscus byrnesii F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 177 (1974)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus cabralensis Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 15(1-2): 47 (2006)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus caerulescens Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 516 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); La Réunion [I]

29 COM MDG reu

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus xiphocuspis Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 447 (1887)

variant :

var. atalofosy Hochr.; Candollea 12: 178 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. bevilanyensis Hochr.; Candollea 5: 11 (1932)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. humbertiellus Hochr.; Candollea 12: 176 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus caesius Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 850, et Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 125 (1849)

Distribution: Somalia; NW-Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov.); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab, Mirpur); India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

24 SOM 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 40 IND PAK 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus adscendens (G.Don) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)

= Hibiscus adscendens G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 482 (1831)

= Hibiscus caesius var. micropetalus Gürke; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 160 (1900)

= Hibiscus gibsonii Stocks ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 2: 587 (1862), et ex Mast. in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 339

= Hibiscus heterotrichus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 172 (1860)

= Hibiscus pentaphyllus F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 13 (1860) (non Roxb. 1832)

species :

Hibiscus calcareus McLay & Albr.; Austral. Syst. Bot. 36(6): 473 (2023)

Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus calcicola Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 396 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus calodendron Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 367 (1939)

Distribution: New Guinea

42 NWG

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Hibiscus calyculatus (Hochr.) M.H.Hanes, G.E.Schatz & Callm.; Candollea 75(2): 194 (2020)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Macrostelia calyculata Hochr.; Notul. Syst. 14: 232 (1953)

species :

Hibiscus calyphyllus Cav.; Diss. 283 (1788)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; N-Somalia; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)

23 RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 40 IND

Remarks: sometimes included in H. purpureus Forssk.

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus borbonicus Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 216 (1822)

= Hibiscus calycinus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 817 (1800), nom. superfl.

= Hibiscus calyphyllus var. grandiflorus De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert.: 402 (1932)

= Hibiscus canescens B.Heyne ex Wall.; Numer. List: no. 2698 (1831)

= Hibiscus wildii Suess.; Trans. Rhodes. Sci. Assoc. 43: 29 (1951)

species :

Hibiscus cameronii Knowles & Westc.; Fl. Cab. 2: 149 (1838)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus macrosolandra Hochr.; Candollea 2: 136 (1925)

= Hibiscus rossii Knowles & Westc.; Flor. Cab. 2: t. 82 (1838)

species :

Hibiscus campanulatus A.J.Perkins; Nuytsia 28: 135 (2017)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus campylosiphon Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 193 (1858)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombycidendron campylosiphon (Turcz.) Warb.; Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philip. 110 (1904)

= Bombycidendron parvifolium Warb.; Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 110 (1904)

= Hibiscus grewiifolius Fern.-Vill.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3. 4(13A): 24 (1880), nom. illeg.

= Thespesia campylosiphon (Turcz.) Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 308 (1884)

variant :

var. glabrescens (Warb. ex Perkins) Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 56 (1966)

Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Coron)

42 PHI PLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombycidendron glabrescens Warb.; in Perkins Fragm. Fl. Philip. 110 (1904)

= Bombycidendron vidalianum (Náves) Merr. & Rolfe; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 112 (1908)

= Bupariti vidaliana (Náves) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 7 (1944)

= Hibiscus glabrescens (Warb. ex Perkins) Gruezo; Vasc. Fl. Mt Makiling & Vicinity 2: 389 (2006)

= Hibiscus vidalianus Náves; Blanco, Fl. Philipp. ed. III. t. 333, Nov. App. 24 (1877)

species :

Hibiscus cannabinus L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1149 (1759)

Name: Brown Indianhemp; Rosella, Mananita, Malva loca, Kenaf, Flor de San Juan (Cuba), Cadillo (Dominican Republic), Deccan hemp (Jamaica), Gombo chanvre, Groseille, Pavona encenida (Lesser Antilles), Pavona encendida, Mananera (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Hungary [I]; Crete [I]; European Russia [I]; Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Iraq [I] (NW-Iraq [I], SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia [I]); Iran [I] (N-Iran [I]); Afghanistan [I]; Sinai peninsula [I] (C-Sinai [I]); Yemen [I] (Tihama [I], W-Yemen [I]); China [I] (Guangdong [I], Hebei [I], Heilongjiang [I], Jiangsu [I], Liaoning [I], Yunnan [I], Zhejiang [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; India [I] (throughout); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Vietnam [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Niue [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Peru [I]

11 hun 13 kri 14 rus 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI MLI NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 31 rfe 32 kaz tkm uzb 34 afg irn irq sin 35 yem 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak srl 41 lao mya tha vie 42 jaw sul 50 aus 60 nue nwc 80 cos hon 81 cub gdl his jam mar pue sba stk trt 82 clm ven 83 per

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus congener (Schumach. & Thonn.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 308 (1843)

= Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)

= Furcaria cannabina (L.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 400 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 166 (1922)

= Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.; All. Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)

= Hibiscus asper Hook.f.; Niger Fl. [W. J. Hook.]. 228 (1849)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. chevalieri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 5: 125 (1901)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. punctatus (A.Rich.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 82 (1916)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. simplex A.Howard & G.Howard; Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser. 4: 16 (1911)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. tripartitus (Forssk.) Chiov.; (1923)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. viridis A.Howard & G.Howard; Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser. 4: 16 (1911)

= Hibiscus congener Schumach. & Thonn.; Schumach., Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 319 (1827)

= Hibiscus cordofanus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 193 (1858)

= Hibiscus henriquesii Pires de Lima; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 19: 138 (1921)

= Hibiscus malangensis Baker f. [J.Bot.77: 22 (1939)]

= Hibiscus obtusatus Schumach.; Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 321 (1827)

= Hibiscus sabdariffa subsp. cannabinus (L.) Panigrahi & Murti; Fl. Bilaspur District 1: 127 (1989)

= Hibiscus tripartitus Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 126 (1775)

= Hibiscus vanderystii De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 35 (1915)

= Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 57 (1830)

= Hibiscus verrucosus var. punctatus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 59 (1847)

= Hibiscus vitifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 8 (1768)

= Hibiscus wightianus Wall.; Numer. List no. 2695 A (1831), nom. inval.

= Ketmia glandulosa Moench; Suppl. Meth. 202 (1802)

species :

Hibiscus capitalensis Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 96 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus carrii Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 57 (1956)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Hibiscus castroi Baker f. & Exell; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 135 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola; Namibia

26 ANG 27 NAM

species :

Hibiscus ceratophorus Thulin; Nordic J. Bot. 19(3): 337 (1999)

Distribution: S-Somalia

24 SOM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus furcatus var. microcarpus Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 7: 103 (1908)

species :

Hibiscus cerradoensis M.Y.Menzel, Fryxell & F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 35(3): 218 (1983)

Distribution: Brazil

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus chancoae Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 58 (2004)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Hibiscus chapadensis Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 83 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus chrysinocolla McLay & S.J.Dillon; Nuytsia 31: 41 (2020)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus chrysochaetus Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 369 (1920)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1904

species :

Hibiscus citrinus Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 14(1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus clayi O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1959)

Distribution: Hawaii (east Kauai)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus newhousei M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 22 (1961)

species :

Hibiscus clypeatus L.; Syst. ed. X. 1149 (1759)

subspecies :

subsp. clypeatus

Name: Algodon de raton, Algodon silvestre (Cuba), Majaguilla (Dominican Republic), Coton flute, Coton (Haiti), Congo mahoe (Jamaica), Huevo de gato, Malvavisco afelpado (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: USA (S-Texas); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Honduras; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix)

77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA HON 81 CAY CUB HIS JAM PUE VIR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus berlandierianus Moric.; Pl. Nouv. Am. 22. t. 15 (1830)

= Hibiscus brachypus Urb.; Fedde, Repert. 16: 34 (1919)

= Hibiscus eggersii Urb.; Symb. Antill. 5: 421 (1908)

= Hibiscus tomentosus Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 5. (1768)

= Munchusia tomentosa (Mill.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. cryptocarpos (A.Rich.) O.J.Blanch.; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 13: 31 (2007), et Novon 18(1): 5 (2008)

Name: Algodon de raton, Algodon silvestre, Hibisco de costa, Hibiscus de costa, Majaguilla de costa

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus cryptocarpus (A.Rich.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 310 (1842)

= Hibiscus cryptocarpos A.Rich.; Ess. Fl. Cub. 142 (1845)

subspecies :

subsp. membranaceus (Cav.) O.J.Blanch.; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 13: 32 (2007), et Novon 18(1): 5 (2008)

Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Haiti (Isla Tortuga)

81 BAH CUB HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus bahamensis Britton; Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 120 (1906)

= Hibiscus brittonianus Kearney; Leafl. West. Bot. 7: 121 (1954)

= Hibiscus membranaceus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 159 (t. 57, f. 2) (1787)

species :

Hibiscus coatesii F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 5 (1862)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus coccineus (Medik.) Walter; Fl. Carol. 1: 177 (1788)

Name: Scarlet rosemallow

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia); Uzbekistan [I]

32 uzb 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus semilobatus Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S., ed. 3. 52 (1897)

= Malvaviscus coccineus Medik.; Malvenfam. 49 (1787)

species :

Hibiscus cochleariferus Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 69 (1966)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

species :

Hibiscus coddii Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot. Ser. 2, 33: 177 (1959)

subspecies :

subsp. coddii

Distribution: S-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

26 ZIM 27 SAF

subspecies :

subsp. barnardii (Exell) Leistner & P.J.D.Winter; Fl. Pl. Africa 59: 95 (2005)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus barnardii Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 180 (1959)

species :

Hibiscus colimensis Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 35 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Colima)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus columnaris Cav.; Diss. 3: 166. t. 59, f. 2 (1787)

Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion

29 MAU REU

species :

Hibiscus commixtus Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 61 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

species :

Hibiscus comoensis A.Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 298 (1928)

Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana

22 GHA IVO

species :

Hibiscus comorensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)

Distribution: Comores (Mayotte, etc.)

29 COM

species :

Hibiscus conceptionis Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 61 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz)

83 BOL

species :

Hibiscus congestifloroides Bân; Checkl. Pl. Sp. Vietnam 2: 560 (2003), nom. nov.

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus congestiflorus Gagnep.1906 Notul.Syst.(Paris) 11: 160 (1944), nom.illeg.

species :

Hibiscus congestiflorus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 10: 21 (1906)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; SW-Chad

22 BEN BKN GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus baumannii Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 402 (1921), in obs.

species :

Hibiscus conradsii Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 398 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 164 (1922), descr. ampl.

Distribution: W-Kenya

25 KEN

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1903

species :

Hibiscus contortus Phuph. & S.Gardner; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 45(1): 6 (2017)

Distribution: peninsular Thailand

41 THA

species :

Hibiscus convolvulaceus Hassk.; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 9: 216 (1866)

Distribution: Moluccas (Ambon)

42 MOL

species :

Hibiscus cooperi J.J.Veitch; Cat. New Beautiful Pl. 1863: 10 (1863)

Distribution: Vanuatu (Aneityum, Erromango)

60 VAN

species :

Hibiscus cordifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8 (1768)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

species :

Hibiscus corditectus Hochr.; Candollea 14: 82 (1953)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus corymbosus Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 57 (1847)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Saudi Arabia

23 ZAI 24 ERI ETH SSU 25 UGA 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Cotyloplecta corymbosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 15 (1863)

= Hibiscus corymbosus var. integrifolius Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 52 (1911)

= Hibiscus corymbosus var. palmatilobatus Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 52 (1911)

species :

Hibiscus costatus A.Rich.; Ess. Fl. Cub. 138 (1841)

Name: Baba de perro, Hibisco del pinar, Hibisco de sabana, Hibiscus de sabana, Majaguilla, Majaguilla del pinar, Malva rosa silvestre (Cuba)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; ?Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON PAN 81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus australis Rose; Donn. Sm., Enum. Pl. Guatemala 6: 4 (1903), nomen, Standl. in Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 778

= Hibiscus costatus var. glabellus R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 3, 24(2): 30 (1947)

species :

Hibiscus coulteri Harv. ex A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 23 (1852)

Name: Desert rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus coulteri var. brevipedunculata M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 4 (1908)

species :

Hibiscus crassinervius Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 61 (1847)

Distribution: Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya

24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus brevipes Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 853 (1849)

= Hibiscus chiovendae Cufod.; Miss. Biol. Borana, Racc. Bot., Angiosp.-Gymnosp. 129 (1939)

= Hibiscus crassinervius var. flammeus (Schweinf. ex Sprenger) N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894(App.): 41 (1894)

= Hibiscus crassinervius var. minor Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 54 (1908)

= Hibiscus erianthus R.Br.; Voy. Abyss. [Salt] Append. p. 45 (1814)

= Hibiscus gallaensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 368 (1920)

= Hibiscus wellbyi Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 55 (1908)

species :

Hibiscus cravenii (Fryxell) B.E.Pfeil & Craven; Novon 14(3): 323 (2004)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Alyogyne cravenii Fryxell; Syst. Bot. 12(2): 277 (1987)

species :

Hibiscus cuanzensis Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 136 (1936)

Distribution: NW-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus cucurbitaceus A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 244 (1827)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus cucurbitaceus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)

= Hibiscus cupularis var. strigosus Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 408 (1928)

species :

Hibiscus cuneiformis DC.; Prod. 1: 454 (1824)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Alyogyne cuneiformis (DC.) Lewton; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)

= Cienfuegosia cuneiformis (DC.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 55 (1902)

= Fugosia cuneiformis (DC.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 219 (1863)

= Lagunaria cuneiformis (DC.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 485 (1831)

species :

Hibiscus dasycalyx S.F.Blake & Shiller; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 48: 277 (1958)

Name: Neches River rosemallow

Distribution: USA (E-Texas)

77 USA

species :

Hibiscus debeerstii De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 21 (1899)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; N-Zambia; Mozambique

23 ZAI 26 MOZ ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus nyikensis Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 56 (1908)

species :

Hibiscus decaspermus Koord. & Valeton; Boomsoort. van Java 2: 115 (1895)

Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); peninsular Thailand; Sulawesi; Philippines (Mindoro, Babuyan); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor, Sumbawa)

41 MYA THA 42 JAW LSI PHI SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus flavotrichus C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 464 (1926)

species :

Hibiscus deflersii Schweinf. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 36 (1948)

Distribution: N-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)

24 ERI ETH 35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus hansalii Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 42 (1948)

species :

Hibiscus denudatus Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 7. t. 3 (1844)

Name: Paleface

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, Sonora, Veracruz)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus denudatus var. involucellatus A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowles 3, Art. 5: 22 (1852)

= Hibiscus digitatus Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 3: 220 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus involucellatus (A.Gray) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 19: 417 (1915)

species :

Hibiscus dimidiatus Schrank; Denkschr. Bot. Gez. Regensb. 2: 61 (1822)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas); Guyana; N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)

82 GUY VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pavonia ulbrichiana Kearney; Madrono 12: 116 (1953)

species :

Hibiscus dinteri Hochr. ex Schinz; Mem. Herb. Boiss. no. 20, 20, et in Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve80 (1900)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

species :

Hibiscus dioscorides A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus diriffan A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus discolorifolius Hochr.; Candollea 2: 129 (1925)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus discolorifolius var. subconcolorifolius Hochr.; Candollea 12: 168 (1949)

species :

Hibiscus discophorus Hochr.; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 55: 239 (1910)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus pseudosida Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 376 (1912)

species :

Hibiscus divaricatus Graham; Edinb. N. Phil. J. 367 (1830)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus divaricatus (Graham) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)

= Hibiscus magnificus F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 118 (1860)

species :

Hibiscus diversifolius Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 551, Coll. 2: 307 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. diversifolius

Distribution: Senegal; Burkina Faso; N-Benin; Niger; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); St. Helena [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; Myanmar [I]; Philippines [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia (Western Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Lord Howe Isl.; Norfolk Isl.; New Zealand (coastal North Cape to Ahipara Bay); New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I]); Mexico [I]; Revillagigedos Isl. [I] (Isla Socorro [I]); Belize [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Galapagos [I]; S-Brazil [I]

22 BEN BKN NGR SEN 23 BUR CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF 28 sth 29 mau MDG 41 mya 42 nwg phi 50 AUS LHI NFK 51 NZL 60 FIJ nwc van 61 coo 79 mex rgi 80 blz cos 83 gal 84 bra

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus persicifolius (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)

= Althaea spicata (Cav.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 108 (1826)

= Furcaria diversifolia (Jacq.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 402 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 168 (1922)

= Hibiscus beckleri F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 117 (1861)

= Hibiscus biflorus A.Spreng.; Tent. Suppl.: 19 (1828)

= Hibiscus decaisneanus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 119 (1900)

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. angustilobus Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 86 (1961)

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. witteanus Cufod.; non Hochr.

= Hibiscus ficulneus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 148 (t. 51, f. 2) (1787) non L.

= Hibiscus macularis E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 171 (1860), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus paludosus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 151 (1908)

= Hibiscus persicifolius Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)

= Hibiscus scaber Lam.; Encyc. 3: 350 (1792)

= Hibiscus spicatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 163 (1787)

subspecies :

subsp. rivularis (Bremek. & Oberm.) Exell; Fl. Zambes. 1(2): 444 (1961)

Distribution: Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana

26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus rivularis Bremek. & Oberm.; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 16: 424 (1935)

species :

Hibiscus dongolensis Caill. ex Delile; Caill., Voy. Méroé 4(prepr.): 59 (1826)

Distribution: Niger; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; ?Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Yemen (Tihama, Aden Desert, W-Yemen)

22 NGR 24 ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 35 YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Cotyloplecta dongolensis (Delile ex Caill.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 15 (1863)

= Hibiscus campanulifolius Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3(2): 401 (1921), in obs.

= Hibiscus fallacinus Chiov.; Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. IV. 7: (Fl. Somala, 111) 125 (1936)

= Hibiscus lunariifolius var. dongolensis (Caill. ex Delile) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 161 (1900)

= Hibiscus neumannii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 162 (1922)

species :

Hibiscus donianus D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. 4: 834 (1847), nom. nov.

Distribution: São Tomé; NW-Angola

23 SAO 26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus guineensis G.Don 1858 Gen.Hist.2: 481 (1832) non DC.1824

species :

Hibiscus drummondii Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 192 (1858)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus elliottii F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 220 (1858)

= Hibiscus pinonianus var. drummondii (Turcz.) J.M.Black; Fl. S. Austral. 3: 381 (1986)

species :

Hibiscus elegans Standl.; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 782 (1923)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus elliottiae Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 2: 587 (1862)

Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)

27 NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus ebracteatus Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 206 (1868)

= Hibiscus ebracteatus var. pechuelii Kuntze

= Hibiscus elliottiae var. ebracteatus (Mast.) Hochr.

= Hibiscus elliottiae var. pechuelii (Kuntze) Hochr.

= Hibiscus elliottiae var. subciliatus Hochr.

species :

Hibiscus ellisii Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 20: 100 (1883)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus elongatifolius Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 117 (1900)

Distribution: W-Cameroon

23 CMN

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1897

species :

Hibiscus engleri K.Schum.; Revis. Gen. Pl. 69 (1891)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cordatus Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 1: 172 (1860) (non D. Dietr. 1847)

= Hibiscus irritans R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. Afr. 27: t. 1050 (1948)

= Hibiscus microcalycinus Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 165 (1922)

= Hibiscus subphysaloides Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 163 (1917)

species :

Hibiscus eriospermus Hochst. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 38 (1948)

Distribution: Cameroon; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea

23 CMN 24 ERI ETH SUD

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus brevitubus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 34 (1948)

= Hibiscus rupestris Hochst. ex Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 55 (1948)

species :

Hibiscus erodiifolius Hochr. & Humbert; Candollea 12: 179 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus escobariae Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 42 (1980)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Hibiscus exellii Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 18 (1939)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937

species :

Hibiscus fabiana Cheek; Blumea 65(1): 70 (2020)

Distribution: Guinea

22 GUI

species :

Hibiscus fallax Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 192 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus fanambanensis M.Pignal & Phillipson; Phytotaxa 14: 44 (43-47, fig. 1-2) (2010)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus faulknerae Vollesen; Kew Bull. 35(2): 374 (1980)

Distribution: SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

species :

Hibiscus ferreirae Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 65 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

83 BOL 84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus ferrugineus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 162 (t. 60, f. 1) (1787)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus ferruginosus Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliv. et al.] 1(Index): 471 (1868)

= Hibiscus shirensis var. perrierellus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 80 (1917)

species :

Hibiscus ficalhoanus Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 137 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus fijiensis F.D.Wilson; Brittonia 45(4): 282 (1993)

Distribution: Fiji

60 FIJ

species :

Hibiscus fischeri Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 403 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 170 (1922), descr. ampl.

Distribution: NE-Tanzania

25 TAN

Remarks: only known from the types collected in 1885 and 1892

species :

Hibiscus flagelliformis A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 243 (1827)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus flagellaris Walp.; Rep. 1: 305 (1842)

species :

Hibiscus flavifolius Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 367 (1920)

Distribution: Ethiopia; S-Somalia; Uganda; N-Tanzania

24 ETH SOM 25 TAN UGA

species :

Hibiscus flavoroseus Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 20 (1939)

Distribution: NE-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus fleckii Gürke ex Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 404 (1895)

Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)

27 NAM SAF

species :

Hibiscus floccosus Mast.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 343 (1874)

Distribution: Myanmar (widespread); peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Melaka northward); Borneo

41 MYA THA 42 BOR MLY

species :

Hibiscus fluvialis Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 398 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus forsteri F.D.Wilson; Austrobaileya 4(3): 439 (1995)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus fragilis DC.; Prodr. 1: 446 (1824)

Distribution: Mauritius

29 MAU

species :

Hibiscus fragrans Roxb.; Fl. Ind., ed. 1832 3: 195 (1832)

Distribution: Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Shan); Vietnam

36 TIB 40 BAN IND 41 MYA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus fragrans var. glabrus Fisch.

species :

Hibiscus fritzscheae Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 135 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus fryxellii Mabb.; Taxon 34(3): 451 (1985), nom. nov.

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus spinulosus (W.Fitzg.) F.D.Wilson 1974 Austral.J.Bot.22(1): 178 (1974)

= Hibiscus zonatus var. spinulosus W.Fitzg.; J. Proc. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 173 (1918)

variant :

var. mollis Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 194 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus fugosioides Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 76 (1900)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus furcellatus Desr.; Lam., Encyc. 3: 358 (1792)

Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Hawaii Isl.); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Nayarit, Puebla, Queretaro, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Dominica; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Casanare, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Meta, Putumayo, Santander, Valle, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Guarico, Monagas, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Paraíba, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)

63 HAW 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB DOM HIS PUE TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus corylifolius C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 133 (1835)

= Hibiscus diodon DC.; DC., Prodr. 1: 449 (1824)

= Hibiscus dominicus Hochr.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. 5: 300 (1905)

= Hibiscus fraternus Sessé & Moc.; (1894) (non L.)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. afurca Uittien; Pulle, Fl. Suriname 3: 21 (1932)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. azuensis Urb. & Helwig; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 236 (1928)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. diodon Uittien; Pulle, Fl. Suriname 3: 21 (1932)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. dominicus (Hochr.) Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 379 (1909)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. glandulosus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. multiformis Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 563 (1892)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. scabricaulis Helwig; Ark. Bot. 22A(17): 28 (1929)

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. subpalmatus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)

= Hibiscus tomentosus A.Stahl; Estud. Fl. Puerto-Rico 2: 92 (1884), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus trilobatus Vell.; Fl. Flum. 281 7: t. 29 (1825)

variant :

var. youngianus (Gaudich. ex Hook. & Arn.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 107 (1900)

Name: Lindenleaf rosemallow

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus youngianus Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 91 ex Hook. & Arn. (1832)

species :

Hibiscus fuscus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 854 (1849)

subspecies :

subsp. fuscus

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Ethiopia; Uganda; S-Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)

23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 SAF

subspecies :

subsp. naivashensis Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 50 (2009)

Distribution: Kenya

25 KEN

species :

Hibiscus gagnepainii Borss.Waalk.; Blumea 14: 53 (1966) nom. nov.

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus squamosus Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 161 (1944)

species :

Hibiscus garambensis Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 85 (1961)

Distribution: NE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Hibiscus genevii Bojer; Hort. Maurit. 28 (1837), et ex Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3144 (1832)

Distribution: Mauritius

29 MAU

Conservation Status: Very rare

species :

Hibiscus geranioides A.Cunn. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 215 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus gilletii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. V. 1: 166 (1904)

subspecies :

subsp. gilletii

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola

23 ZAI 26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus poggei Gürke ex Engl.; Engl. Pfilanzenw. Afr. 3: II. (Engl. & Drude, Veg. der Erde, 9) 400(1921)

subspecies :

subsp. hiernianus (Exell & Mendonça) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 71 (1999)

Distribution: Angola; Zambia

26 ANG ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus hiernianus Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 136 (1936)

subspecies :

subsp. lundaensis (Baker f.) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 71 (1999)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus lundaensis Baker f. [J.Bot., Lond.77: 21 (1939)]

species :

Hibiscus glandulifer Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 275 (1910)

Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam

41 CBD LAO THA VIE

species :

Hibiscus goldsworthii F.Muell.; Fragm. 11: 30 (1878)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus goossensii (Hauman) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 56 (1999)

Distribution: W-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1920

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus rostellatus var. goosensii Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 88 (1961)

species :

Hibiscus gossweileri Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 56 (1908)

Distribution: W-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus gourmania Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 1: 267 (1928), Hutch. & Dalziel in Kew Bull. 298 (1928)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; W-Nigeria

22 BKN NGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Gourmania grewioides A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franc. 1: 86 (1920), nomen

species :

Hibiscus grandidieri Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. greveanus (Baill.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 172 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus greveanus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 515 (1885)

variant :

var. manambolensis (Hochr.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 173 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus manamboloensis Hochr.; Candollea 2: 134 (1925)

variant :

var. phanerandrus (Baker) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 60 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus phanerandrus Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 25: 297 (1889)

= Hibiscus phanerandrus var. lobulatifolius Hochr.; Candollea 12: 171 (1949)

species :

Hibiscus grandiflorus Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 46 (1803)

Name: Swamp rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas); Cuba

77 USA 78 USA 81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus urbanii Helwig; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 236 (1928)

species :

Hibiscus grandistipulatus (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madag., Fam. 129, 69 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus ankaramyensis var. grandistipulatus Hochr.; Candollea 14: 83 (1953)

species :

Hibiscus graniticus Wannan; Austrobaileya 12: 20 (2022)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus greenwayi Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 99 (1937)

Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; NE-Tanzania

25 KEN TAN UGA

species :

Hibiscus gregoryi Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 94 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus grewiifolius Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. 197 (1844)

Distribution: China (Hainan); Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; Java

36 CHI 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombycidendron grewiifolium (Hassk.) Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 14 (1845)

= Hibiscus bantamensis Miq.; Pl. Jungh. 282 (1854)

= Hibiscus cinnamomifolius Chun & Tsiang; Sunyatsenia 4(1-2): 18-19, t. 7 (1939)

= Hibiscus gravifolius Kuntze; Bot. Centralbl. 45: 198 (1891)

= Hibiscus praeclarus Gagnep.; Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 427, t. 20b (1910)

species :

Hibiscus grewioides Baker f.; Rendle et al., Cat. Pl. Oban: 9 (1913)

Distribution: SE-Nigeria

22 NGA

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus guerkeanus Hochr.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 40: 9 (1901)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Hibiscus gwandensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 174 (1959)

Distribution: S-Zimbabwe

26 ZIM

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1958

species :

Hibiscus hakeifolius Giord.; Mem. Nov-Ibis: 6 (1833)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Alyogyne hakeifolia (Giord.) Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 12 (1863)

= Alyogyne lilacina (Lindl.) Lewton; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)

= Alyogyne multifida (Paxton) Lewton; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 5: 309 (1915)

= Cienfuegosia hakeifolia (Giord.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 56 (1902)

= Cienfuegosia hakeifolia var. lilacina (Lindl.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 6: 56 (1902)

= Fugosia hakeifolia (Giord.) Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 4261 (1846)

= Fugosia hakeifolia var. coronopifolia (Miq.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 220 (1863)

= Fugosia lilacinus G.Don ex Loudon; Encycl. Pl., new ed.: 1426 (1855)

= Hibiscus caronopifolius Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 239 (1845)

= Hibiscus lilacinus Lindl.; Bot. Reg. t. 2009 (1837)

= Hibiscus multifidus Paxton; Flow. Gard. 7: 103 (1840)

= Lagunaria lilacina (Lindl.) G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 3. 77 (1839)

species :

Hibiscus hasirikus Berhaut; Fl. illustr. Senegal 6: 187 (1979)

Distribution: Senegal

22 SEN

Remarks: Status uncertain

species :

Hibiscus hasslerianus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 51 (1902)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu)

84 BRA 85 PAR

species :

Hibiscus haynaldii F.Muell.; Wing, South Sci. Record 3: (1883)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus henningsianus Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12: III. 559 (1892)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus heterophyllus Vent.; Jard. Malm. 103. t. 103 (1805)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aculeatus F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 678 (1817) non Walter 1788

= Hibiscus divaricatus var. luteus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 121 (1900)

= Hibiscus fitzgeraldii F.Muell.; Fragm. 8: 242 (1874)

= Hibiscus flabellatus Desf.; Tabl. École Bot. 147 (1804)

= Hibiscus grandiflorus Salisb.; Parad. Lond. t. 22 (1805)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus subsp. luteus (Hochr.) F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22: 170 (1974)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. discolor Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 405 (1928)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. flaviflorus F.Muell.; Fragm. 6: 170 (1868)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. hispidifolia F.Muell.; Fragm. 6: 170 (1868)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. leefei Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 122 (1900)

= Hibiscus heterophyllus var. margeriae Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 405 (1928)

= Hibiscus margeriae A.Cunn. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 213 (1863)

species :

Hibiscus hilarianus Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 82 (2004), nom. nov.

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cucurbitaceus var. cuneifolius A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 244 (1828)

species :

Hibiscus hildebrandtii Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 46 (1907)

Distribution: E-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; E-Kenya; E-Tanzania

24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN

species :

Hibiscus hirtus L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)

Distribution: Pakistan (Peshawar); India (widespread, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Thailand [I]; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Sumbawa); Fiji [I]

40 IND PAK 41 tha 42 JAW LSI 60 fij

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus anemoniflorus Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 169 (1841)

= Hibiscus hirtus var. inarticulatus S.Dutta, H.Rodrigues & Chakral; Rheedea 28: 40 (2018)

= Hibiscus phoeniceus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 813 (1800), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus rosa-malabarica Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. 4: t. 337 (1819)

= Hibiscus sumbawanus Warb. & Ulbr. ex Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 365 (1920)

= Hibiscus virgatus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 71 (1825)

species :

Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 521 (1854)

Distribution: South Sudan [I]; Pakistan (Sind); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam

24 ssu 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Furcaria furcellata Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 400 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin,viii. 166 (1922)

= Furcaria roxburghii Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Flora 5: 1856 (1836)

= Hibiscus aculeatus Roxb.; Fl. Ind. 3: 206 (1832)

= Hibiscus furcatus Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 51 (1814), ex DC., Prodr. 1: 448 (1824), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus furcatus var. microspermus Mattei

= Hibiscus hamatus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 177 (1860)

= Hibiscus surattensis var. furcatus (Willd.) Hochr.; Ann. Cons. Jard. B. Genève 4: 112 (1900)

species :

Hibiscus hochreutineri Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 88 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus hochstetteri Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 44 (1948)

Distribution: N-Ethiopia; Eritrea

24 ERI ETH

species :

Hibiscus holstii Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 40 (2009)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

species :

Hibiscus homblei De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 37 (1915)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Hibiscus hoshiarpurensis T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 25(1-4): 188 (1983 publ. 1985)

Distribution: India (Punjab)

40 IND

species :

Hibiscus huegelii Endl.; Enum. Pl. Hueg. 10 (1837)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, South Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Alyogyne huegelii (Endl.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales 92: 265 (1968)

= Alyogyne leptochlamys (Benth.) P.J.Lang; Swainsona 37(4): 99 (2023)

= Hibiscus geranifolius Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31: I. 195 (1858)

= Hibiscus grossulariifolius Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. angulatus Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. glabrescens Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. grossulariifolius (Miq.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. leptochlamys Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. quinquevulnera Hook.; Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5406 (1863)

= Hibiscus huegelii var. wrayae (Lindl.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

= Hibiscus meisneri Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)

= Hibiscus pinonianus Miq.; Lehm. Pl. Preiss. 1: 240 (1845)

= Hibiscus wrayae Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 69 (1840)

= Pariti wrayae (Lindl.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 311 (1842)

species :

Hibiscus huillensis Hiern; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 26 (1948)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus hundtii Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1948

species :

Hibiscus indicus (Burm.f.) Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 2: 163 (1949)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hainan); Taiwan; Vietnam [I]; Java [I]; Cuba [I]

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 vie 42 jaw 81 cub

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus venustus (Weinm.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)

= Alcea indica Burm.f.; Fl. Indica 149 (1768)

= Althaea indica (Burm.f.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 66 (1840)

= Hibiscus javanicus Weinm.; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 172 (1828)

= Hibiscus platystegius Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 194 (1858)

= Hibiscus venustus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 71 (1825)

variant :

var. integrilobus (S.Y.Hu) K.M.Feng; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(2): 73 (1984)

Distribution: China

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus venustus var. integrilobus S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 50 (1955)

species :

Hibiscus inimicus Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 197 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus insularis Endl.; Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. 132 (1833)

Distribution: Norfolk Isl. (Philip Isl.)

50 NFK

Conservation Status: critically endangered

species :

Hibiscus isalensis Hochr. & Humbert; Candollea 12: 180 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus itirapinensis Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 104 (2004)

Distribution: Brazil (São Paulo)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus jacksonianus Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 180 (1959)

Distribution: Malawi; Mozambique

26 MLW MOZ

species :

Hibiscus jaliscensis Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 10 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus kabuyeanus Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 60 (2009)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

species :

Hibiscus kaute L.A.J.Thomson & Butaud; Pacific Sci. 76(2): 179 (2022)

Distribution: Marquesas Isl.; American Samoa; Cook Isl.; Fiji; Society Isl.; New Caledonia

60 ASA FIJ NWC 61 COO MRQ SCI

species :

Hibiscus keilii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 681 (1924)

Distribution: Rwanda; ?Burundi; Kenya; NE-Tanzania

23 RWA 25 KEN TAN

species :

Hibiscus kenneallyi Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 200 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus kirkii Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 199 (1868)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana

26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM

species :

Hibiscus kirstyae Craven; Muelleria 35: 4 (2016)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus kitaibelifolius A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 248 (1827)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus kochii Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 38 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus kokio Hillebr. ex Wawra; Flora 56: 174 (1873)

subspecies :

subsp. kokio

Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.?)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus arnottianus var. kokio (Hillebr.) Hochr.

= Hibiscus kahilii C.N.Forbes; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 5: 4 (1912)

= Hibiscus kokio var. pekeloi O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 465 (1977)

= Hibiscus kokio var. pukoonis Caum

= Hibiscus oahuensis O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 468 (1977)

= Hibiscus ula O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Phytologia 35(6): 467 (1977)

subspecies :

subsp. saintjohnianus (M.J.Roe) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 105 (1989)

Distribution: Hawaii (northwest Kauai)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus roeatae H.St.John; Pac. Sci. 26(3): 286 (1972)

= Hibiscus saintjohnianus M.J.Roe; Pacific Sci. 15: 18 (1961)

species :

Hibiscus krichauffianus F.Muell.; Rep. Babb. Exped. 7 (1859)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus krichauffianus var. chippendalei Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 263 (1968)

species :

Hibiscus labordei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(317-321): 184-185 (1913)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Hibiscus laevis All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 31 (1773)

Name: Halberdleaf rosemallow, Sweatingweed (EN)

Distribution: +Canada (+Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Uzbekistan [I]

32 uzb 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus coccineus var. virginicus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 139 (1900)

= Hibiscus hastatus Michx. ex DC.; Prod. 1: 451 (1824)

= Hibiscus laevis Scop.; Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 3: 35 (1788), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus militaris Cav.; Diss. 6, Sexta Diss. Bot. 352 (t. 198, f. 2) (1788)

= Hibiscus riparius Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Pers.] 2(1): 254 (1806)

= Sphaeroma ambiguum (Ten.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 74 (1891)

species :

Hibiscus lamalama Callm., Buerki & Koopman; Candollea 64(2): 194 (2009)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus lasiococcus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 511 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus domatiocarpus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 123 (1925)

species :

Hibiscus lavaterioides Moric.; Nouv. Am. 23. t. 16 ex Ser. (1830)

Distribution: Java [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Guadeloupe; Martinique

42 jaw 79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON 81 CAY GDL JAM MAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus longipes Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 238 (1924)

= Abutilon marmoratum Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. 3: t. 82 (1856)

species :

Hibiscus laxiflorus A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 245 (1827)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz); WC-Brazil (Goiás)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus laxiflorus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)

species :

Hibiscus ledermannii Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 374 (1912)

Distribution: N-Cameroon

23 CMN

species :

Hibiscus leptocladus Benth.; Fl. Austral 1: 214 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus microchlaenus var. leptocladus (Benth.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 262 (1968)

species :

Hibiscus leviseminus M.G.Gilbert, Y.Tang & Dorr; Fl. China 12: 292 (2007)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Shaanxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus leiospermus K.T.Fu & C.C.Fu; Fl. Tsinling. 1(3): 290, 454, t. 250 (1981), homonym

species :

Hibiscus liliastrum Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 91 (1917)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus liliazanza Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 93 (1917)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus liliiflorus Cav.; Diss. 3: 154. t. 57, f. 1 (1787)

Distribution: +La Réunion; Rodrigues; Seychelles [I]

29 REU ROD sey

Synonyms: hidden

= Malvaviscus fragilis Bory ex DC.; Prodr. 1: 446 (1824), nom. inval.

= Malvaviscus puniceus Bory ex DC.; Prodr. 1: 446 (1824), nom. inval.

species :

Hibiscus loandensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 69 (1896)

Distribution: Cabinda; ?W-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; W-Angola

23 CAB 26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus physaloides var. loandensis (Hiern) Hochr.

species :

Hibiscus lobatus (Murray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 19 (1898)

Distribution: +Senegal; Burkina Faso; ?Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; +N-Ethiopia; ?Eritrea; Soqotra; Uganda; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; Madagascar; La Réunion [I]; China (Hainan); Pakistan (Sind, Kurram, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Kotli, Mirpur); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Maldives; Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Thailand; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Trinidad & Tobago [I]

22 BKN NGA SEN 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 ETH SOC SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 29 MDG reu 36 CHI 40 BHU IND LDV MDV NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA THA 42 JAW LSI 81 trt

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus abyssinicus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 758 (1840), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus albus Wall.; Numer. List: no. 1876E (1829), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus lobata (Murray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3: II. 19 (1898)

= Hibiscus lobatus var. sinuatus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 129 (1900)

= Hibiscus ochroleucus Baker; J. Bot. 20: 46 (1882)

= Hibiscus parkeri Baker; J. Bot. 20: 46 (1882)

= Hibiscus parviflorus R.Br.; Salt, Voy. Abyss., App.: Ixv (1814), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus pumilus Roxb.; Hort. Beng. (97) (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 203 (1832)

= Hibiscus solandra L´Hér.; Stirp. Nov. 1: 103, t. 49 (1789)

= Hibiscus torulosus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 383 (1796)

= Laguna abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 71 (1847)

= Laguna lobata (Murray) Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 733 (1800)

= Laguna sileniflora Wall.; Numer. List: no. 1882 (1829), nom. inval.

= Lagunaria lobata (Murray) Schreb. ex Spreng.; Bot. Gart. Halle: 52 (1800)

= Sida diversifolia Spreng.; Syst. 3: 116 (1826)

= Sida heterophylla Klein ex Spreng.; Syst. 3: 116 (1826)

= Solandra lobata Murray; Comment. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gött. 6: 20, t. 1 (1785)

= Triguera acerifolia Cav.; Diss. 1: 41 (1785)

species :

Hibiscus lonchosepalus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 169 (1917)

Distribution: Benin; Nigeria

22 BEN NGA

species :

Hibiscus longifilus Fryxell; Brittonia 25(2): 78 (1973)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus longisepalus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard Bot. Geneve 20: 167 (1917)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; SW-Niger

22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN

species :

Hibiscus ludwigii Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 39 (1834 publ. 1835)

Distribution: Cameroon; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)

23 BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM ZIM 27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus calycularis E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 171 (1860)

species :

Hibiscus lunariifolius Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 811 (1800)

Distribution: Togo; Zimbabwe; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga); India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Java; Jamaica [I]

22 TOG 26 ZIM 27 BOT SAF 40 IND SRL 41 MYA 42 JAW 81 jam

Synonyms: hidden

= Cotyloplecta dongolensis Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 15 (1863)

= Cotyloplecta macrantha Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 15 (1863)

= Hibiscus pruriens Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 51 (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 196 (1832) ex DC., Prodr. 1: 448 (1824), descr.

= Hibiscus racemosus Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 917 (1825)

species :

Hibiscus mabberleyi L.A.J.Thomson; Pacific Sci. 77(1): 57 (2023)

Distribution: France [c]; Hawaii

12 fra 63 HAW

species :

Hibiscus macilwraithensis (Fryxell) Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia 26(2): 237 (2004)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Macrostelia grandifolia subsp. macilwraithensis Fryxell; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 191 (1974)

species :

Hibiscus macranthus Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 55 (1847)

Distribution: W-Cameroon; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; E-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania

23 CMN RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SSU 25 UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cienfuegosia althaeoides Chiov.; Racc. Bot.: 11 (1935)

= Hibiscus ellenbeckii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 163 (1922)

= Hibiscus macranthus Hochst.; Flora. 24: I. Intell. 29 (1841)

= Hibiscus rutshuruensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 507 (1922)

= Hibiscus teramnensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 636 (1907)

species :

Hibiscus macrogonus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. i 510 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus rectiramosus Hochr.; Candollea 12: 163 (1949)

form :

f. manombensis (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 15 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus macrogonus var. manombensis Hochr.; Candollea 12: 164 (1949)

species :

Hibiscus macropodus Wagner & Vierh.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr., 61 (1904)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus maculatus Lam.; Encyc. 3: 349 (1792)

subspecies :

subsp. maculatus

Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Valle)

81 CUB HIS 82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. granatensis Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 17: 165 (1862)

subspecies :

subsp. nipensis (Carabia) F.Areces; Revista Jard. Bot. Nac. Univ. Habana 25-26: 32 (2006)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus nipensis Carabia; Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat. 17: 16 (1943)

species :

Hibiscus macverryi L.A.J.Thomson & Braglia; Pacific Sci. 73(1): 104 (2019)

Distribution: Fiji

60 FIJ

species :

Hibiscus makinoi Jôtani & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 59: 219 (1984)

Distribution: Japan (Kyushu, Yakushima Isl., Tanegashima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.

38 JAP NNS

species :

Hibiscus malacophyllus Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus malacospermus (Turcz.) E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho

26 ZIM 27 LES NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus microcarpus Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 836 (1849)

= Hibiscus tridentatus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 174 (1860)

= Kosteletzkya malacosperma Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 192 (1858)

species :

Hibiscus mandrarensis Humbert ex Hochr.; Candollea 12: 175 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus mangindranensis Hochr.; Candollea 14: 80 (1953)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus manuripiensis Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 17(1): 37 (2008)

Distribution: Bolivia (Pando)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Hibiscus marenitensis Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 203 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus mariae Krapov.; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 15(1-2): 49 (2006)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus marioniae Dorr; PhytoKeys 214: 2, fig. 1 (2022)

Distribution: Guyana

82 GUY

species :

Hibiscus marlothianus K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. 10: 411 (1889)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Free State, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

species :

Hibiscus martianus Zucc.; Linnaea 24: 193 (1851)

Name: Heartleaf rosemallow

Distribution: USA (S-Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cardiophyllus A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 22 (1852) (non Baill. 1885)

species :

Hibiscus masasianus Mwachala; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Malv. 68 (2009)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

species :

Hibiscus mastersianus Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 71 (1900)

Distribution: Tanzania; NW-Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; India (C-India, S-India, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand)

25 TAN 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus beddomei Rakshit & Kundu; Sci. & Cult. 27: (New Spec. & Var. Hibisc. 1) 193 (1961)

= Hibiscus pachmarhicus Haines; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 24 (1914)

= Hibiscus surattensis var. mastersianus (Hiern) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 112 (1900)

species :

Hibiscus matogrossensis Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 86 (2004), nom. nov.

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus furcellatus var. scaber R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.f., 42(12): 41 (1908)

species :

Hibiscus mechowii Garcke; Linnaea 43: 121 (1880 publ. 1882)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; W-Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; Venezuela [I]

22 BKN 23 BUR CAF RWA ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM 82 ven

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus lancibracteatus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 25 (1899)

species :

Hibiscus megistanthus Hochr.; Candollea 12: 165 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus menzeliae F.D.Wilson & Byrnes; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 95: 194 (1970)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus meraukensis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 11: & 12: 8 (1907)

Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

42 LSI NWG 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brockmania membranacea W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral 3: 174 (1918)

species :

Hibiscus merxmuelleri Roessler; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 107(1-4): 11 (1985)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

species :

Hibiscus mesnyi Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. util. Colon. Franc. 291 (1886)

Distribution: S-Vietnam; New Caledonia [I]

41 VIE 60 nwc

species :

Hibiscus meyeri Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 1: 173 (1860)

subspecies :

subsp. meyeri

Distribution: S-Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus mendoncae Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 171 (1959)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. grandifolius Fiori; Agric. Colon. 5(App.): 258 (1912)

= Hibiscus microphyllus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 173 (1860)

subspecies :

subsp. transvaalensis (Exell) Exell; Fl. Zambes. 1(2): 454 (1961)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

26 ZIM 27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus mendoncae subsp. transvaalensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 33: 172 (1959)

species :

Hibiscus meyeri-johannis Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 229 (1914)

Distribution: Rwanda; ?Burundi

23 RWA

species :

Hibiscus micranthus L.f.; Suppl. Pl.: 308 (1782)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria (incl. Hoggar); Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Togo; Niger; N-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Iran (S-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir); Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, Pakistani Punjab, Jhelum); India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay)

20 ALG EGY MOR 22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN TOG 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 34 IRN ISR SIN 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombyx micranthus (L.f.) I.Riedl; Fl. Iranica 120: 34 (1976)

= Hibiscus capillipes Mattei; Chiov. Result. Sci. Miss. Stefan. Paoli Somol. It. 1: 31 (1916)

= Hibiscus clandestinus Cav.; Icon. 1: 1, t. 2 (1791)

= Hibiscus intermedius Hochst. ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 8 (1860), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus micranthus var. alii Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 12: 53 (1980)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. asper Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 48 (1948)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. clandestinus (Cav.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 205 (1941)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. hermanniifolius (Hochst. ex Hochr.) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 50 (1948)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. lepineyi Sauvage; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 25-27: 383 (1949)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. parvifolius (Hochst. ex T.Anderson) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 49 (1948)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. rigidus (L.f.) Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 49 (1948)

= Hibiscus micranthus var. subclandestinus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 205 (1941)

= Hibiscus parvifolius Hochst. ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 8 (1860)

= Hibiscus pavoniformis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 515 (1885)

= Hibiscus rigidus L.f.; Suppl. 310 (1781)

= Hibiscus suborbiculatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 1906 (1829), nomen

species :

Hibiscus minkebeensis Burg; Fl. Gabon 45: 59 (2013)

Distribution: Gabon

23 GAB

species :

Hibiscus minutibracteolus F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 178 (1974)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus mongallaensis Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 100 (1937)

Distribution: South Sudan

24 SSU

species :

Hibiscus moscheutos L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 693 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. moscheutos

Name: Crimsoneyed rosemallow, Common rosemallow (EN); Sumpf-Roseneibisch (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Italy [I]; Algeria [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I] (Beijing [I], Jiangsu [I], Shanghai [I], Yunnan [I], Zhejiang [I], Shandong [I]); South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

11 ger 12 fra mco por spa 13 ita 20 alg 32 uzb 36 chi 38 kor tai 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus aquaticus (DC.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 311 (1842)

= Abelmoschus palustris (L.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 311 (1842)

= Abelmoschus roseus (Loisel.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 311 (1842)

= Althaea grandiflora Scop.; Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 2: 33 (1787)

= Hibiscus aquaticus DC.; Fl. Franc. (DC. & Lam.), ed. 3. 6: 627 (1815)

= Hibiscus incanus H.L.Wendl.; Bot. Beob. [Wendland] 54 (1798)

= Hibiscus laevigatus Targ.Tozz. ex Colla; Hortus Ripul., App. 2: 349 (1826)

= Hibiscus moscheutos f. peckii House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 54 (1923)

= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. incanus (J.C.Wendl.) H.E.Ahles; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 80: 173 (1964)

= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. palustris (L.) R.T.Clausen; Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 291: 8 (1949)

= Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. roseus (Thore ex Loisel.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 610 (1936)

= Hibiscus moscheutos var. flavescens Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2b: 270 (1861)

= Hibiscus oculiroseus Britton ex L.H.Bailey; Standard Cycl. Hort. 3: 1486 (1915)

= Hibiscus opulifolius Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 65 (1910)

= Hibiscus palustris f. oculiroseus (Britton ex L.H.Bailey) Fernald; Rhodora 41: 112 (1939)

= Hibiscus palustris f. peckii (House) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 254: 490 (1924)

= Hibiscus palustris L.; Sp. Pl. 693 (1753)

= Hibiscus palustris proles roseus (Thore ex Loisel.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 7: 411 (1901)

= Hibiscus petioliflorus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. iii. 543 (1812)

= Hibiscus pinetorum Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 66 (1910)

= Hibiscus roseus Thore ex Loisel.; Fl. Gall.: 434 (1807)

subspecies :

subsp. lasiocarpos (Cav.) O.J.Blanch.; Novon 18(1): 4 (2008)

Name: Woolly rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)

74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus californicus Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. 4: 292 (1873)

= Hibiscus langloisii Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 67 (1910)

= Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav.; Diss. 3: 159. t. 70, f. 1 (1787)

= Hibiscus lasiocarpos var. californicus (Kellogg) L.H.Bailey; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 3: 1486 (1915)

= Hibiscus lasiocarpos var. occidentalis A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 303 (1887)

= Hibiscus leucophyllus Shiller; Southwest. Nat. 5: 170 (1960)

= Hibiscus moscheutos var. lasiocarpos (Cav.) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 90(3): 379 (2008)

= Hibiscus moscheutos var. occidentalis Torr.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 17(2): 256 (1874)

= Hibiscus platanoides Greene; Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 66 (1910)

species :

Hibiscus moxicoensis Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 21 (1939)

Distribution: E-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937

species :

Hibiscus muhamedis Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop.-Aegypt.: 46 (1854)

Distribution: Sudan

24 SUD

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Hibiscus multiformis A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 246 (1827)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus multilobatus Juswara & Craven; Blumea 50(2): 400 (2005)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus mutabilis L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)

Name: Dixie rosemallow, Confederate rose (EN); Malva rosa (Cuba), Maravilla (Dominican Republic), Malvilla (Hispaniola), Changeable rose, Maravilla, Caractere des hommes, Caractere des femmes, Caractere des dames, Cotton rose, Confederate rose (Lesser Antilles), Maravilla (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Gambia [I]; Cameroon [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (Gauteng [I]); Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Guizhou); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan; Pakistan [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lord Howe Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Penrhyn [I], etc.); Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I], Sonsorol [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Faraulep [I], Truk [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Pohnpei [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Louisiana [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]

22 gam 23 caf cmn pri sao 26 moz zim 27 saf 29 mau mdg reu 36 CHI 38 jap kor nns TAI 40 ban ind pak 41 and cbd mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw phi 50 lhi 60 fij nue nwc rot 61 coo sci 62 gum mic mrs plu 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic 81 bbd cub gdl his jam mar trt 82 clm sur ven 83 bol ecu per

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus mutabilis (L.) Wall. ex Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. 198 (1844)

= Hibiscus aestuans Rottler ex Mast.; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 845 (1874), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus immutabilis Dehnh. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 307 (1842)

= Hibiscus malvarosa Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 17 (1790), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus mutabilis f. plenus (Andrews) S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 51 (1955)

= Hibiscus mutabilis var. flore-pleno Andrews; Bot. Repos. 4: t. 228 (1802)

= Hibiscus mutabilis var. roseoplenus Makino; Ill. Fl. Japan 1: 235 (1985)

= Hibiscus sinensis Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) 2 (1768)

= Ketmia mutabilis (L.) Moench; Methodus 617 (1794)

species :

Hibiscus mutatus N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906: 99 (1906)

Distribution: S-Malawi; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov.)

26 MLW ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF

species :

Hibiscus naegelei Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 374 (1912)

Distribution: Uganda

25 UGA

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus nanuzae Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 92 (2004)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus nelsonii Rose & Standl.; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 778 (1923)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus ngokbanakii Burg; Fl. Gabon 45: 62 (2013)

Distribution: Gabon

23 GAB

species :

Hibiscus nigricaulis Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; ?Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

23 ZAI 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus meeusei Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2, 33: 165 (1959)

species :

Hibiscus noldeae Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 20 (1939)

Distribution: Sierra Leone; Ivory Coast; SE-Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; S-Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; ?Tanzania; Angola; NE-Zambia

22 IVO NGA SIE 23 CAF CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ETH SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus eetveldeanus var. asperatus De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 3: 279 (1911)

= Hibiscus furcatus Mullend.; (1954) (non Roxb. 1814)

species :

Hibiscus noli-tangere A.G.Mill.; Ethnoflora of Soqotra: 725 (2004)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus normanii F.Muell.; Fragm. 3: 4 (1862)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus obtusilobus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 837 (1849)

Distribution: Mauritania; Niger; Sudan; SE-Ethiopia; NE-Kenya; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab); India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan)

22 MTN NGR 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus amblyocarpus Hochst.; Webb, Fragm. Fl. Aethiop. 45 (1854), nom. superfl.

= Hibiscus laguneoides Edgew.; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 199 (1862)

= Hibiscus punctatus Dalzell; Dalzell & A. Gibson Bomb. Fl. 20 (1861)

species :

Hibiscus okavangensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2, 33: 170 (1959)

Distribution: Namibia; Botswana

27 BOT NAM

Remarks: sometimes included in H. praeteritus

species :

Hibiscus orbicularis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1: 516 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus ottoi Exell; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138 (1936)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus ovalifolius (Forssk.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. 1: 50 (1790)

Distribution: ?D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; ?Kenya; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mauritius; La Réunion; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I])

24 ERI ETH SSU SUD 26 ZAM ZIM 29 MAU REU 63 haw

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus baidoensis Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 100 (1929)

= Hibiscus baidoensis var. parvifolius Chiov.; Fl. Somala 1: 101 (1929)

= Hibiscus brackenridgei var. kauaiana Caum

= Hibiscus calycosus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 62 (1847)

= Hibiscus ficarius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 170 (1860)

= Hibiscus grandifolius Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 61 (1847)

= Hibiscus lanzae Cufod.; Miss. Biol. Borana, Racc. Bot., Angiosp.-Gymnosp. 131 (1939)

= Hibiscus rockii O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 221 (1962)

= Hibiscus subtrilobatus Hochst. ex Mast.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 203 (1868)

= Hibiscus triumfettifolius Thonn.; Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 312 (1827)

= Urena ovalifolia Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 124 (1775)

species :

Hibiscus owariensis P.Beauv.; Fl. Owar. 2: 88. I. 117 (1816)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic

22 BEN BKN GHA IVO NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN

species :

Hibiscus oxaliflorus Bojer ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 20: 99 (1883)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cytisifolius Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 22: 447 (1887)

= Hibiscus humblotii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 517 (1885)

species :

Hibiscus pachycarpus Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 139 (1936)

Distribution: N-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the incomplete type

species :

Hibiscus pacificus Nakai ex Y.Jôtani & H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 61(4): 99 (1986)

Distribution: Volcano Isl. (Minami-Iwojima, Kita-Iwojima)

38 KZN

species :

Hibiscus palmatifidus Baker; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21: 324 (1884)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. sakalava Humbert; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 31 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus palmatus Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 126 (1775)

Distribution: Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Soqotra; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Iran (S-Iran); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind); India (Gujarat, Rajasthan)

24 ERI ETH SOC SSU SUD 26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 NAM SAF SWZ 34 IRN 35 YEM 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aristaevalvis Garcke; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 849 (1849)

= Hibiscus djabinianus Parsa; Kew Bull. 2: 18 (1947)

= Hibiscus intermedius A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 58 (1847) (non Bél. (1846) nec Hochst. ex T. Anderson (1860))

= Hibiscus intermedius var. aristaevalvis (Garcke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 94 (1900)

= Hibiscus richardii I.Riedl; Fl. Iran., 120: 31 (1976) (nom. nov. superfl.)

= Hibiscus scandens Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl.: 20 (1861), nom. illeg.

species :

Hibiscus paludicola Fryxell & Krapov.; Novon 14(1): 67 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

83 BOL 84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus panduriformis Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. 151. t. 47, f. 2 (1768)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; W-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; S-Somalia; ?Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; Madagascar; India (almost throughout); Bangladesh; Sri Lanka; Myanmar (Yangon); Sulawesi; ?Philippines; Java; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

22 BEN BKN GHA MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CMN RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT 29 MDG 40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA 42 JAW SUL 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus panduriformis Hassk.; Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. 10: 134 (1843)

= Hibiscus friesii Ulbr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 521 (1915)

= Hibiscus mollis Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 169 (1841)

= Hibiscus multistipulatus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 849 (1849)

= Hibiscus panduriformis var. tubulosus (Cav.) Hochr.; Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Geneve 4: 96 (1900)

= Hibiscus senegalensis Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 53 (1831)

= Hibiscus setosus Wall.; Numer. List: no. 1902 (1829), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus stipularis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 384 (1796)

= Hibiscus tubulosus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 161 (t. 68, f. 2) (1787)

= Hibiscus velutinus DC.; Prodr. 1: 452 (1824)

= Parita panduriformis (Burm.f.) Scop.; Intr. Hist. Nat.: 282 (1777)

= Triplochiton setosa Alef.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 13: 13 (1863)

species :

Hibiscus paolii Mattei; Chiov. Result. Sci. Miss. Stefan. Paoli Somal. It. 1: 32 (1916)

Distribution: S-Somalia

24 SOM

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1913

species :

Hibiscus paramutabilis L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herb. 1: 109, f. 50 (1922)

Distribution: China (Jiangxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus saltuarius Hand.-Mazz.; Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 62: 251 (1925)

variant :

var. longipedicellatus K.M.Feng; Fl. Yunnan. 4(1): 29 (1982)

Distribution: China

36 CHI

species :

Hibiscus parkinsonii C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 463 (1926)

Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)

41 MYA

species :

Hibiscus partitus (Hochr.) F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 63 (1999)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. partitus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 120 (1900)

species :

Hibiscus paulae Krapov.; Bonplandia 22(2): 137 (2013)

Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus pedunculatus L.f.; Suppl. Pl. 309 (1782)

Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Norfolk Isl. [I]

26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ 50 nfk

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus kraussianus Buch. ex Hochst.; Flora 27: 293 (1844)

species :

Hibiscus peralbus Fryxell; Syst. Bot. 12(2): 277 (1987)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus peripteroides Fryxell; U. S. Dep. Agric. Techn. Bull., 1624: 32 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus perrieri Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 89 (1917)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

variant :

var. rosa-madagascariensis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 89 (1917)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus peruvianus R.E.Fr.; Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., Ser. 3, 24: No. 2, 31 (1947)

Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia)

82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus peterianus Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12: III. 547 (1892)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus petherickii Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 204 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus phoeniceus Jacq.; Hort. Vindob. 3: 11, t. 14 (1776)

Name: Brazilian rosemallow; Borrachita, Palo peregrino, Peregrina (Cuba), Cadillo de tres pies, Cadillo (Dominican Republic), Lalou (Haiti), Petit hibiscus (Lesser Antilles), Rosita (Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. Thomas); Guadeloupe; Martinique; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Boyacá, Córdoba, La Guajira, Magdalena, Nariño); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Nueva Esparta); Guyana; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Brazil

79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ARU BAH BON CUB CUR GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombix phoenicea (Jacq.) Medik.; Malvenfam.: 44 (1787)

= Bombycella betulina (DC.) Bello; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 241 (1881)

= Bombycella phoenicea (Jacq.) Bello; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 241 (1881)

= Bombyx phoenicea (Jacq.) Moench; Meth. 616 (1794)

= Hibiscus betulifolius Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 292 (1822)

= Hibiscus betulinus DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)

= Hibiscus brasiliensis L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 977 (1763), nom. rej.

= Hibiscus brasiliensis var. luteus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 88 (1900)

= Hibiscus brasiliensis var. sylvaticus (Benth.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 88 (1900)

= Hibiscus cavanillesianus Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 289 (1822)

= Hibiscus columbinus (Moc. & Sessé) ex DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)

= Hibiscus iochromus Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 3: 385 (1909)

= Hibiscus neglectus C.Wright; Anales Acad. Ci. Méd. Habana 5: 240 (1868)

= Hibiscus phoeniceus var. albiflorus Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 567 (1892)

= Hibiscus phoeniceus var. rubriflorus Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 566 (1892)

= Hibiscus sylvaticus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. 114 (1843)

= Hibiscus unilateralis Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 158 (t. 67) (1787)

= Hibiscus violaceus Brandegee; Zoe 5: 211 (1905), nom. illeg.

= Kosteletzkya bracteosa M.E.Jones; Contrib. West. Bot. No. 15, 147 (1929)

= Pavonia brasiliensis (L.) Spreng.; Syst. 3: 100 (1826)

species :

Hibiscus phyllochlaenus F.Muell.; Fragm. 9: 128 (1875)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Hibiscus physaloides Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 52 (1830)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; ?Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; SW-Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; São Tomé; Annobon Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] [I] (Juan de Nova Isl. [I]); Iles Glorieuses; Seychelles [I]

21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GNB IVO LBR MLI NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 ANN CAF CMN CON GAB SAO ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 COM IGL mci MDG sey

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus ascendens Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)

= Hibiscus atroviolaceus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)

= Hibiscus hornei Baker; Fl. Maurit. 23 (1877)

= Hibiscus ribesifolia Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 53 (1830)

= Hibiscus variabilis Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 841 (1849)

species :

Hibiscus pinonianus Gaudich.; Freyc. Voy. Bot. 476. t. 100 (1829)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Alyogyne pinoniana (Gaudich.) Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. WALes 92: 265 (1968)

= Alyogyne pinoniana var. microandra Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 92: 265 (1968)

species :

Hibiscus platanifolius (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 51 (1827)

Distribution: Madagascar [I]; Comores [I]; Nepal [I]; India (West Bengal, Odisha, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala); Sri Lanka; Cuba [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]

29 com mdg 40 IND nep SRL 81 cub trt

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus acerifolius DC.; Prod. 1: 448 (1824) (non Salisb. 1805)

= Hibiscus aestuans Wall.; Numer. List no. 1908 E (1829)

= Hibiscus asperatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 1908 B (1829), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus collinus Roxb. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 478 (1831), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus collinus Voigt; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 54 (1828)

= Hibiscus eriocarpus DC.; Prod. 1: 452 (1824)

= Hibiscus gossypinus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)

= Hibiscus simplex Roxb. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 481 (1831), descr.

= Pavonia acerifolia Link & Otto; Icon. Pl. Select.: 5 (1820)

= Pavonia platanifolia Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Mag. 4: 220 (1810)

species :

Hibiscus platycalyx Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 202 (1868)

Distribution: E-Tanzania; Zambia; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)

25 TAN 26 MOZ ZAM 27 BOT SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus mossambicensis Gonç.; Garcia de Orta, sér. Bot. 4(1): 9 et Tab. 19 (1979)

= Hibiscus rogersii Burtt Davy; Man. Fl. Pl. & Ferns, Pt. 1, 43 (1926)

species :

Hibiscus poeppigii (Spreng.) Garcke; Jahresb. Nat. Ver. Halle (1850), 133

Name: Poeppig´s rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Cuba; Jamaica; Guadeloupe [I]

78 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA 81 CUB gdl JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Achania floridana (Nutt.) Raf.; New Fl. Am. 1: 49 (1836)

= Achania poeppigii Spreng.; Syst. 3: 100 (1826)

= Hibiscus bancroftianus Macfad.; Fl. Jamaica. 1: 70 (1837)

= Hibiscus floridanus Shuttlew. ex A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 22 (1852), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus macleayanus Bancr. ex Macfad.; Fl. Jamaica 1: 71 (1837), nom. nud., pro syn.

= Hibiscus truncatus A.Rich.; Ess. Fl. Cub. 144 (1841), nom. illeg.

= Malache poeppigii (Spreng.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 71 (1891)

= Malvaviscus floridanus Nutt.; J. Acad. Philad. 7: 89 (1834)

= Malvaviscus poeppigii (Spreng.) G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 475 (1831)

= Pavonia poeppigii (Spreng.) Schltdl.; Linnaea 11: 357, in textu (1837)

species :

Hibiscus pohlii Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12: III. 564 (1892)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus poilanei Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 160 (1944)

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Hibiscus ponticus Rupr.; Fl. Caucasus 251 (1869)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Hibiscus praeteritus R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. S. Africa 11: t. 436 (1931)

Distribution: SW-Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus hirtus subsp. africanus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 44 (1948)

species :

Hibiscus propulsator Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia 26(2): 238 (2004)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus prunifolius F.Dietr.; Vollst. Lexik. Gaertn. Nachtr 3: 680 (1817)

Distribution: Surinam

82 SUR

species :

Hibiscus pruriosus Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 139 (1936)

Distribution: N-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus pseudohirtus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 155 (1917)

Distribution: Gambia; Mali; Cameroon

22 GAM MLI 23 CMN

species :

Hibiscus pterocarpoides Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 163 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus pulvinulifer Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 48 (1956)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Hibiscus purpureus Forssk.; Fl. Aeg-Arab. 126 (1775)

Distribution: Somalia; Yemen (W-Yemen); SW-Saudi Arabia

24 SOM 35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus meidiensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 366 (1920)

species :

Hibiscus purpusii Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 368 (1917)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca, Chiapas)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus pusillus Thunb.; Prod. Pl. Cap. 118 (1794)

Distribution: Angola; Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus atromarginatus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)

= Hibiscus gossypinus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1834 publ. 1835)

= Hibiscus lasiospermus E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 175 (1860)

= Hibiscus macrocalyx Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 838 (1849)

= Hibiscus serratus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 1: 175 (1860)

species :

Hibiscus pycnostemon Hochr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 18: 274 (1947)

Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; N-Tanzania

23 RWA ZAI 24 DJI ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus pospischilii Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, Ivi. 54 (1948)

species :

Hibiscus quattenensis A.G.Mill. & Thulin; Ethnofl. Soqotra Archipelago: 725 (2004)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus radiatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 150, t. 54, f. 2 (1787)

Name: Monarch rosemallow (EN)

Distribution: China [I] (Fujian [I]); India (Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay, Mon, Yangon); Thailand [c]; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Australia (Western Australia); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]

36 chi 40 BAN IND 41 CBD LAO MYA tha VIE 42 BOR JAW PHI 50 AUS 78 usa 79 mex 80 els hon nic pan 81 gdl jam mar stl trt 82 clm guy sur ven 83 ecu 85 arg par

Synonyms: hidden

= Canhamo braziliensis Perini; Prosp. Expl. Notice Cult. Canh. Braz.: 1 (1905)

= Hibiscus cannabinus var. unidens (Lindl.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 4: 115 (1900)

= Hibiscus heptaphyllus Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl.: 20 (1861)

= Hibiscus lindleyi Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. (Wall.) 1: 4, t. 4 (Lindlei) (1829)

= Hibiscus unidens Lindl.in Edwards; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 878 (1825)

= Pavonia perinii Perini; Prospectus & Expl. Notice Cult. Canh. Braz.: 5 (1905)

species :

Hibiscus reekmansii F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 64 (1999)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania

23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN

species :

Hibiscus reflexus Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 206 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus retrobracteatus (Hochr.) M.M.Hanes & Callm.; Candollea 77(2): 162 (2022)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Kosteletzkya retrobracteata Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hora-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Moire) 157 (1949)

species :

Hibiscus rhabdotospermus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 839 (1849)

Distribution: Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; ?Kenya; SW-Angola; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana

24 CHA ERI ETH SUD 26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cordatus Hochst. ex Webb; Fragm. Fl. Aethiop. 45 (1854), non D. Dietr. nec Harv.

= Hibiscus mossamedensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonça; J. Bot., Lond. 74: 138, in adnot. (1936)

= Hibiscus rhabdotospermus var. mossamedensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 70 (1896)

species :

Hibiscus rhodanthus Gürke ex Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 405 (1895)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique

23 ZAI 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus carsonii Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1897, 244 (1897)

= Hibiscus corneti De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 38(1, Comp. Rend.): 18 (1899)

= Hibiscus micranthus f. macranthus Baker f.; J. Bot. 37: 424 (1899)

= Hibiscus petraeus Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1: 76 (1896)

= Hibiscus welwitschii Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1: 75 (1896)

species :

Hibiscus ribifolius A.Gray; Proc. Am. Acad. 5: 154 (1861)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus riceae Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 209 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus richardsiae Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 176 (1959)

Distribution: W-Tanzania; NE-Zambia

25 TAN 26 ZAM

species :

Hibiscus richardsonii Lindl.; Bot. Reg. 11: t. 875 (1825)

Distribution: New Zealand (coastal Northland, Mayor Isl., Great Barrier Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus trionioides G.Don; Gen. Syst. 1: 483 (1831)

species :

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.; Sp. Pl. 694 (1753)

Name: Shoeblackplant (EN); Cucarda, pedro segundo (ES)

Distribution: Of uncertain, possibly American origin; S-Europe [I]; Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Santo Antao Isl. [I]); Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Annobon Isl. [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Chad [I]; Zambia [I]; Mozambique [I]; St. Helena [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; Chagos Arch. [I] (Diego Garcia [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Maldives [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Singapore [I]; Borneo [I]; Brunei [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); Moluccas [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], etc. [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; American Samoa [c] (Tutuila [c]); [Western] Samoa [c] (´Upolu [c], Savai´i [c]); Tokelau [I] (Swains Isl. [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Tarawa [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I], Tahuata [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I], etc.); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I], Sonsorol? [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Fais [I], Yap [I], Namonuito [I], Tol [I], Etal [I], Lukunor [I], Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Majuro [I], Jaluit [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I] (widespread [I]); Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Isla del Coco [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; Anguilla [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Antigua [I]; Barbuda [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Galapagos [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]; Ecuador (Amazon [I]); Brazil [I]

21 cvi 22 ben bkn gui 23 ann bio caf cmn pri sao 24 cha 26 moz zam 28 sth 29 cgs mau reu rod 38 tai 40 ban bhu ind ldv mdv nep pak 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 bor brn jaw lsi mol phi sng sul 43 sol 50 aus 60 asa fij gil nue nwc rot sam tok ton van 61 aui coo lin mrq sci tua 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz coc cos els gua hon nic pan 81 aba agu bah bbd cub dom gdl his jam mar mts pue sab ste stm stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol ECU gal per 84 bra

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus androphoropetaloides Pancher; G. H. Cuzent, Tahiti: 228 (1860), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus arnottii Griff. ex Mast; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 844 (1874), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus carminata-perfecta W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 68: 14 (1872)

= Hibiscus denisonii Burb.; Fl. Mag. (London), n.s., 1876: t. 232 (1876)

= Hibiscus festivalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 383 (1796)

= Hibiscus fulgens W.Baxter; Loudon, Hort. Brit., Suppl. 2: 563 (1839), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus fulgidus W.Bull; Gard. Chron. 1873: 606 (1873)

= Hibiscus javanicus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hibiscus n. 7 (1768)

= Hibiscus metallicus B.S.Williams; Nursery Cat. (B.S.Williams) 1869(Spring): 27 (1869)

= Hibiscus miniatus-semiplenus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 68: 14 (1872)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. carneoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. fulgidus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199: 52 (1884)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. kermesinus W.Bull; Gard. Chron., n.s. 1: 532 (1874)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. lucien-lindenii N.E.Br.; Ill. Hort. 29: 15 (1882)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. luteoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. magnificus Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 83: 16 (1882)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. rubroplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. variegatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. vivicans W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199: 52 (1884)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. zebrinus Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 78: 15 (1879)

= Hibiscus rosiflorus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 543 (1812)

= Hibiscus rosiflorus var. simplex Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 543 (1812)

= Hibiscus storckii Seem.; Bonplandia 9: 254 (1861), et Fl. Vit. 17 (1865)

= Hibiscus tricolor Dehnh.; Cat. Horti Camald., ed. 2: 20 (1832)

species :

Hibiscus rostellatus Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 1: 55 (1830)

Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; S-Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; S-Chad; South Sudan; S-Ethiopia; NW-Angola; NE-Zambia; N-Mozambique

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU 26 ANG MOZ ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus rostellatus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)

= Hibiscus furcellatoides Hochr.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 248 (1917)

= Hibiscus surattensis var. rostellatus (Guill. & Perr.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 113 (1900)

species :

Hibiscus rubriflorus Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)

Distribution: SW-Angola

26 ANG

species :

Hibiscus rupicola Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 177 (1959)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; W-Mozambique

26 MOZ ZIM

species :

Hibiscus rutenbergii Garcke; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 7: 199 (1881)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Hibiscus sabdariffa L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 695-696 (1753)

Name: Agrio de guinea, Aleluya, Aleluya roja de Guinea, Quimbombo chino, Rosella, Roselle, Sereni (Cuba), Kenaf, Hibiscus, Maravilla, Vinagrillo (Dominican Republic), Oseille de Guinee, Roselle (Haiti), Jamaican sorrel, Red sorrel, Roselle, Sorrel (Jamaica), Agrio de Guinea, Vina (Puerto Rico), Jamaica sorrel, Red sorrel, Roselle, Sorrel (Virgin Isl.

Distribution: Of unknown origin; Egypt [I] (Desert Oases [I], Nile Valley [I]); Gambia [I]; Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Togo [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; São Tomé [I]; Gabon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Central African Republic [I]; NE-Chad [I]; Sudan [I]; South Sudan [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; South Africa [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Iraq [I] (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia [I]); China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Yunnan [I], Hainan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [c]; Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I]); Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji [I]; Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]

20 egy 22 ben bkn gam gui tog 23 bio caf cmn con gab sao 24 cha ssu sud 26 ang moz zam 27 nam saf 29 mau mdg reu 34 irq 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak srl 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw mol phi 43 sol 50 aus 60 fij nue rot van 62 gum mic 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic pan 81 bbd gdl his jam mar pue ste stk stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 per

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus cruentus Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842), nom. superfl.

= Furcaria sabdariffa (L.) Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 402 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 168 (1922)

= Hibiscus acetosus Noronha; Verh. Batav. Gen. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 17 (1790), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus cruentus Bertol.; Fl. Guatimal.: 28 (1840), nom. superfl.

= Hibiscus cuneatus Bertol.; Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. 3: 138 (1840)

= Hibiscus digitatus Cav.; Diss. 3: 151, t. 70, f. 2 (1878)

= Hibiscus digitatus var. kerrianus DC.; Prodr. 1: 453 (1824)

= Hibiscus fraternus L.; Pl. Surin. 12 (1775)

= Hibiscus gossypifolius Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 10 (1768)

= Hibiscus masuianus De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 20 (1899)

= Hibiscus palmatilobus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1(64): 509 (1885)

= Hibiscus sanguineus Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 520 (1854)

= Sabdariffa digitata (Cav.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836)

= Sabdariffa rubra Kostel.; All. Pharm. Fl. 5: 1857 (1836)

species :

Hibiscus sabiensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 169 (1959)

Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo)

26 ZIM 27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus micranthus var. hispidus Cufod.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 48 (1948)

species :

Hibiscus saddii Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 104 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus sakamaliensis Hochr.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, Hors-ser. 2: (Trav. Bot. dedies a Rene-Maire) 159 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus sankowskyorum Craven; Muelleria 35: 6 (2016)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus saponarius Craven; Austrobaileya 4(3): 442 (1995)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus saxatilis J.M.Wood & Evans; J. Bot. 35: 350 (1897)

Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

27 SAF SWZ

species :

Hibiscus saxicola Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 179 (1917)

Distribution: SW-Cameroon

23 CMN

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1911

species :

Hibiscus schinzii Gürke ex Schinz; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 176 (1888)

Distribution: N-Angola; W-Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.)

26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus physaloides f. schinzii (Gürke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 162 (1900)

= Hibiscus swynnertonii Baker f. [J.Linn.Soc.Bot.40: 28 (1911)]

= Lagunaea schinzii Gürke ex Schinz; Verh, Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 180 (1888)

species :

Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 106: t. 6524 (1880)

Name: Fringed rosemallow, Chinese lantern (EN); Campanilla (EN)

Distribution: Gambia [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; SE-Kenya; E-Tanzania; Mozambique [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Yunnan [I], Hainan [I]); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [c] (Bali [c]); Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Tahaa [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I], Takapoto Atoll [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Truk [I], Moen [I], Dublon [I], Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Dominica [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]

22 ben bkn gam 23 cmn 25 KEN TAN 26 moz 29 mau reu rod 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep pak 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 jaw lsi phi 60 fij nue rot ton 61 coo sci tua 62 gum mic mrs plu 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz els gua hon nic pan 81 dom his jam pue sab ste stm trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur 83 bol per

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus fauriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 120 (1911)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis f. schizopetalus Mast.; Gard. Chron., n.s. 11: 538 (1879)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis schizopetalus (Mast.) J.Denny; Gard. Chron., n.s. 11: 538 (1879)

= Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var. schizopetalus (Mast.) Dyer; Gard. Chron., n.s. 11: 568 (1879)

species :

Hibiscus schweinfurthii Gürke; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 240 (1897)

Distribution: South Sudan

24 SSU

species :

Hibiscus sciadiolepidus (Hochr.) Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 43 (1956), in adnot.

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Wilhelminia sciadiolepida Hochr.; Nova Guinea 14: 162 (1924)

species :

Hibiscus scindicus Stocks; Hook. Icon. Pl. 8: t. 802 (1852)

Distribution: Djibouti; NE-Somalia; Soqotra; Iran (S-Iran); Oman; Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan)

24 DJI SOC SOM 34 IRN 35 OMA 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Bombyx scindicus (Stocks) I.Riedl; Fl. Iran., 120: 33 (1976)

species :

Hibiscus scotellii Baker f.; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 30: 74 (1894)

Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin

22 BEN BKN GHA IVO LBR MLI SIE TOG

species :

Hibiscus scottii Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus sebastianii Fuertes; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(1): 66 (1992)

Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá)

82 CLM

species :

Hibiscus seineri Ulbr.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: II. 397 (1921), et in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 161 (1922), descr. ampl.

Distribution: Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique

25 TAN 26 MOZ ZIM

species :

Hibiscus selesiensis Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 77: 19 (1939)

Distribution: W-Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1937

species :

Hibiscus setulosus F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 221 (1858)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus shirensis Sprague & Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1907: 47 (1907)

Distribution: Central African Republic; SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique

23 CAF RWA ZAI 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus heterochlamys Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 367 (1920)

= Hibiscus shirensis subsp. bocarangensis Baker f.

species :

Hibiscus sidiformis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; NE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Madagascar; La Réunion [I]; Oman (Dhofar)

22 BEN BKN MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 CMN ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 29 MDG reu 35 OMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus ambongoensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 518 (1885)

= Hibiscus pamanzianus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 517 (1885)

= Hibiscus schinzii (Gürke) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 127 (1900) non Gürke (1888)

= Hibiscus ternatus var. halophilus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 20: 86 (1917)

= Hibiscus ternifoliolus F.W.Andrews; Fl. Pl. Anglo-Egypt. Sudan 2: 31 (1952)

= Laguna schinzii Gürke; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 180 (1888)

species :

Hibiscus sineaculeatus F.D.Wilson; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. (London), Bot. 29(1): 72 (1999)

Distribution: Nigeria

22 NGA

species :

Hibiscus sinosyriacus L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herb. 1: 109 (1922)

Distribution: China (Jiangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Hibiscus skeneae Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 165 (1917)

Distribution: W-Kenya

25 KEN

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1907-1908

species :

Hibiscus socotranus G.Ll.Lucas; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 7(4): t. 3675, p. 1 (1971)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus solanifolius F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 116 (1860)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus somalensis Franch.; Revoil, Fauna et Fl. Pays Comalis 17 (1882)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; NE-Kenya; Saudi Arabia (Asir)

24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cernuus N.Terracc.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1: 422 (1892), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus minimifolius Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 98 (1929)

species :

Hibiscus sororius L.; Pl. Surin. n. 91 (1781), Amoen. Acad. 8: 260

Name: Altea, Hibisco blanco, Hibiscus blanco, Majaguilla blanca, Majaguilla (Cuba), Gombo batard, Liane de framboisin (Lesser Antilles)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Chocó, Santander); Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Monagas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Central); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus crenatus Splitg. ex de Vriese 1848 Ned.Kruidk.Arch.1: 336 (1848)

= Hibiscus crenatus Vell.; Fl. Flum. 282 7: t. 32 (1829)

= Hibiscus sororius f. albiflorus Standl.; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 5: 101 (1933)

species :

Hibiscus sparseaculeatus Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 76: 22 (1936)

Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Kenya; N-Tanzania

24 DJI ETH 25 KEN TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus greenwayi var. megensis J.-P.Lebrun; Adansonia 15(3): 379 (1975 publ. 1976)

species :

Hibiscus spartioides Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 99 (1929)

Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; N-Somalia

24 DJI ETH SOM

species :

Hibiscus spiralis Cav.; Ic. 2: 47. t. 162 (1793)

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Yucatan)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus splendens Fraser ex Graham; Edinb. N. Phil. J. 175 (1830)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus splendens (C.Fraser ex Graham) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 309 (1842)

= Malvaviscus splendens (C.Fraser ex Graham) Regel; Gartenflora 6: 77 (1857)

species :

Hibiscus splendidus Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 373 (1912)

Distribution: Uganda; NE-Tanzania

25 TAN UGA

species :

Hibiscus squamosus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 165 (1900)

Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; S-Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Central African Republic; SW-Chad

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI MLI NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF 24 CHA

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus lepidospermus Mast.; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 197 (1868) (non Miq. 1859)

= Hibiscus carpotrichus Hochr.; in sched.

species :

Hibiscus squarrulosus Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 212 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus sreenarayanianus Anilkumar & Ravi; Rheedea 4(2): 129 (1994)

Distribution: India (Kerala)

40 IND

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed

species :

Hibiscus stenanthus Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 11: 503 (1882)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Hibiscus stenophyllus Baker; J. Bot. 20: 47 (1882)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus convolvuliflorus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 516 (1885)

= Hibiscus imerinensis Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 168 (1922)

= Hibiscus ternatus var. madagascariensis Hochr.; Candollea 5: 13 (1932)

variant :

var. solandroketmia (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 46 (1955)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus solandroketmia Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 86 (1917)

species :

Hibiscus sterculiifolius (Guill. & Perr.) Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 760 (1840)

Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus quinquelobus (G.Don) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 310 (1842)

= Hibiscus perrottetii Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 759 (1840)

= Hibiscus quinquelobus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 482 (1831)

= Pariti quinquelobum (G.Don) Hook.f.; Niger Fl. [W. J. Hook.]. 227 (1849)

= Pariti sterculiifolium Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent.: 60 (1831)

= Pariti virgatum Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent.: 59 (1831)

species :

Hibiscus stewartii Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 212 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus striatus Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 146 (t. 54, f. 1) (1787)

subspecies :

subsp. striatus

Name: Striped rosemallow

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Guyana; Surinam; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Tarija); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Durazno, Paysandu, Rocha, San Jose, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucuman)

81 CUB JAM 82 GUY SUR 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus angustifolius (Hook. & Arn.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)

= Abelmoschus cisplatinus (A.St.-Hil.) Walp.; Rep. 2: 309 (1843)

= Hibiscus amoenus Link & Otto; Ic. Pl. Select. 1: 119 (1829)

= Hibiscus angustifolius Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 152 (1833)

= Hibiscus argentinus Speg.; Bol. Minist. Agric. (Buenos Aires) 1: 304 (1901), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus cisplatinus A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 250 (1827)

= Hibiscus domingensis var. striatus (Cav.) Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 820 (1800)

= Hibiscus lambertianus var. angustifolius (Hook. & Arn.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 143 (1900)

= Hibiscus lindmanii Gürke; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 1: 180 (1896)

= Hibiscus linearis A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. II. 18: 40 (1842)

= Hibiscus sagranus P.Mercier; Bull. Bot. (Geneva) 1: 169 (1830)

= Hibiscus submaritimus Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 1: 81 (1922)

subspecies :

subsp. lambertianus (Kunth) Blanch.; J. Arnold Arbor. 63(3): 267 (1982) ex Proctor

Name: Varita de San Jose de laguna (Cuba)

Distribution: USA (S-Texas); Mexico (Tabasco); Honduras; Cuba; Jamaica; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Tolima); Venezuela (Aragua, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Bolivia

77 USA 79 MEX 80 HON 81 CUB JAM TRT 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus cubensis (A.Rich.) Walp.; Rep. 1: 309 (1842)

= Hibiscus cubensis A.Rich.; R. de la Sagra, Hist. Phys. Cuba, Pl. Vasc. 140 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Hibiscus lambertianus Kunth; Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 291. t. 478 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Hibiscus lambertianus var. glabrus Gürke; Fl. Bras. (Mart.) 12(3): 552 (1892)

= Hibiscus lambertianus var. lobatus Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 5: 300 (1905)

= Hibiscus salviifolius A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Mer. 1: 249 (1827)

= Hibiscus striatus var. lambertianus (Kunth) O.J.Blanch.

species :

Hibiscus sturtii Hook.; Mitch. J. Trop. Austral. 363 (1848)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)

50 AUS

variant :

var. campylochlamys Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus campylochlamys Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 407 (1928)

= Hibiscus campylochlamys var. clementii Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 407 (1928)

variant :

var. forrestii F.Muell.; Plants Indigenous around Sharks Bay and Its Vicinity (1883)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

variant :

var. grandiflorus Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 216 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

variant :

var. platychlamys Benth.; Fl. Austral. 1: 217 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus platychlamys (Benth.) F.Muell. ex Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 71 (1900)

variant :

var. truncatus Fryxell; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (1968)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus subdiversifolius Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 83 (1917)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus diversifolius var. subdiversifolius (Hochr.) Hochr.; Fl. Madagasc. 129: 40 (1955)

species :

Hibiscus subreniformis Burtt Davy; Man. Fl. Pl. & Ferns, Pt. 1. 43 (1926)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng)

26 ZIM 27 SAF

species :

Hibiscus sudanensis Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 10: 18 (1906)

Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; ?South Sudan

23 CAF ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus rostellatus var. congolanus Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 31: 86 (1961)

= Hibiscus rostellatus var. sudanensis (Hochr.) Hauman; Fl. Congo Belge 10: 119 (1963)

species :

Hibiscus sulfuranthus Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 364 (1920)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

species :

Hibiscus superbus C.A.Gardner; For. Dep. Bull., W. Austral. No. 32, 64 (1923)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus surattensis L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 696 (1753)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Fogo Isl.); Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; ?Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo); Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; China (Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Bhutan; India (widespread); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore [I]; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas

21 CVI 22 BEN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 BIO CAF CMN CON GAB PRI RWA SAO ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF 29 mau MDG reu sey 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI sng SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus aculeatus (G.Don) Walp.; Rep. 1: 308 (1842)

= Abelmoschus rostellatus Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 308 (1842)

= Furcaria surattensis (L.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: 1856 (1836)

= Hibiscus aculeatus G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 480 (1831)

= Hibiscus appendiculatus Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 542 (1812)

= Hibiscus bifurcatus Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 545 (1837)

= Hibiscus hypoglossus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 1: 177 (1860), nom. nud.

= Hibiscus involucratus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 384 (1796)

= Hibiscus surattensis var. villosus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 112 (1900)

= Hibiscus trinitarius Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 17 (1790), nom. nud.

species :

Hibiscus symonii F.D.Wilson & Byrnes; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 95: 195 (1970)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus syriacus L.; Sp. Pl. 695 (1753)

Name: Rose of Sharon (EN); Freiland-Roseneibisch (DE)

Distribution: Germany [c]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; France [I]; Monaco [c]; Corsica [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Croatia [I]; Greece [I]; European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (Gauteng [I]); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); China; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], etc. [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Northern Marianas [I] (Rota [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [c]

11 ger hun slo 12 cor fra mco sar 13 cro grc ita sic 14 rus ukr 23 bio cmn 26 moz 27 saf 29 mau reu 32 tkm tzk uzb 33 aze geo 34 IRN 36 CHI 38 jap kor nns tai 40 ban bhu ind nep pak 41 mya tha vie 42 JAW phi 60 fij nue rot ton 62 mrn 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon 81 cub 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu

Synonyms: hidden

= Althaea furtex Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Alt. Hib. (1768)

= Hibiscus acerifolius Salisb.; Parad. Lond. 1: t. 33 (1805)

= Hibiscus arborescens Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montaub. 122 (1789)

= Hibiscus chinensis DC.; Prod. 1: 455 (1824)

= Hibiscus floridus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 383 (1796)

= Hibiscus rhombifolius Cav.; Diss. 3: 156, t. 69, f. 3 (1787)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. alboplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. albus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. amplissimus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. brevibracteatus S.Y.Hu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 153: 53 (1955)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. chinensis Lindl.; J. Hort. Soc. London 8: 58 (1853)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. elegantissimus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. grandiflorus Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees: 619 (1927)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. longibracteatus S.Y.Hu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 153: 53 (1955)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. marginatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. micranthus Y.N.Lee & K.B.Yim; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 22: 8 (1992)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. paeoniiflorus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. purpureoplenus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. purpureus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. ruber Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. sinensis Lem.; Jard. Fleur. 4: t. 370 (1854)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. totoalbus T.Moore; Gard. Chron., n.s. 10: 524 (1878)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. variegatus Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 51 (1826)

= Hibiscus syriacus var. violaceus L.F.Gagnep.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 10: 132 (1861)

= Ketmia arborea Moench; Methodus 617 (1794), nom. illleg.

= Ketmia syriaca (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. (ed. 2) 2: 45 (1772)

= Ketmia syrorum Medik.; Malvenfam. 45 (1787)

species :

Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 48 (1955)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

species :

Hibiscus talbotii (Rakshit) T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 22(1-4): 198 (1980 publ. (1982)

Distribution: India (Maharashtra, Karnataka)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus hirtus var. talbotii Rakshit; Sci. & Cult. 27: 193 (1961)

species :

Hibiscus teijsmannii Borss.Waalk.; Reinwardtia 4: 67 (1956)

Distribution: Sulawesi

42 SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus liliiflorus var. hybridus Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2891 (1829)

species :

Hibiscus tenorii Fryxell; Acta Bot. Mex. 8: 35 (1989)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus thegaleus Craven, F.D.Wilson & Fryxell; Austral. Syst. Bot. 16(2): 213 (2003)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus thespesianus Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 511 (1885)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cupulazanza Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 20: 70 (1917)

variant :

var. integrovatus (Hochr.) Hochr.; Candollea 12: 168 (1949)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus cupulazanza var. integrovatus Hochr.; Candollea 2: 127 (1925)

species :

Hibiscus tisserantii Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 101 (1937)

Distribution: Central African Republic

23 CAF

species :

Hibiscus torrei Baker f.; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 101 (1937)

Distribution: N-Mozambique

26 MOZ

Remarks: only known from the type collected in 1934

species :

Hibiscus townsvillensis Craven; Muelleria 35: 9 (2016)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus tozerensis Craven & B.E.Pfeil; Adansonia 26(2): 238 (2004), nom. nov.

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Macrostelia grandifolia Fryxell; Austral. J. Bot. 22(1): 189 (1974)

species :

Hibiscus trichonychus Gagnep.; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 162 (1944)

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Hibiscus trilineatus A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Soc. Nat. Ser. II. 18: 39 (1842)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus trilobus Aubl.; Pl. Gui. 2: 708 (1775)

subspecies :

subsp. trilobus

Name: Gombo marron (Haiti)

Distribution: Belize; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico; French Guiana

80 BLZ 81 HIS JAM PUE 82 FRG

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus aquaticus Tussac; Fl. Antill. 3: 102 (1824), non DC., 1815

= Hibiscus domingensis Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. 3: 550 (1786-1793)

subspecies :

subsp. hirsutus O.J.Blanch. & Fryxell; Novon 10(3): 190 (2000)

Distribution: Guatemala; Belize

80 BLZ GUA

subspecies :

subsp. ingratus (Miq.) O.J.Blanch. & Fryxell; Novon 10(3): 191 (2000)

Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); Surinam

82 SUR VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus ingratus Miq.; Linnaea 19: 143 (1847)

species :

Hibiscus trionum L.; Sp. Pl.: 697 (1753)

Name: Stunden-Roseneibisch, Stundenblume, Stunden-Eibisch (DE); Bladder Ketmia, Flower of an hour (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy; Sicily [I]; Malta [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Estonia [I]; Belarus; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Niger; W-Chad; ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; ?Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; SW-Angola; S-Zambia; Zimbabwe; S-Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; Siberia [I] (Chita [I], Irkutsk [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Armenia [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Bamyan, Kabul, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Qunduz, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen); China [I]; Mongolia [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Dir, Chitral, Swat, Murree, Hazara); India (widespread, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Canada [I] (Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Chile [I] (Maule [I], Biobío [I])

11 aut cze ger HUN pol SLO 12 fra por sar spa 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI mlt MNT NMA ROM sic SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 22 BKN MLI NGR SEN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 28 sth 29 mau MDG 30 sib 31 rfe 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 arm aze geo ncs 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 OMA SAU YEM 36 chi 37 mon 38 jap kor tai 40 BAN IND PAK 41 MYA 50 aus 60 nwc 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 81 cub jam 85 cle

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus collinsianus (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2b: 271 (1861)

= Hibiscus africanus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hib. (1868)

= Hibiscus armeniacus Bouché; Allg. Gartenzeitung 8: 403 (1840)

= Hibiscus collinsianus Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray) 1: 237 (1838)

= Hibiscus cuneifolius Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 852 (1849), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus dissectus Wall.; Numer. List: no. 2696 (1831), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus hastifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 176 (1860)

= Hibiscus hispidus Mill.; Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Hib, f. 2 (1768)

= Hibiscus humboldtii Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 6: 52 (1840)

= Hibiscus humboldtii Schrank ex Colla; Hortus Ripul., App. 2: 349 (1826)

= Hibiscus marchallianus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 9: 76 (1843)

= Hibiscus pallidus Raf. ex S.Watson; Bibl. Index N. Amer. Bot.: 135 (1878)

= Hibiscus physodes E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 176 (1860)

= Hibiscus pusillus Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. 38 (1835), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus ternatus (Cav.) Mast.; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 206 (1868)

= Hibiscus trionicus St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 127 (1880)

= Hibiscus trionum var. cordifolius DC.; Prodr. 1: 453 (1824)

= Hibiscus trionum var. ternatus DC.; Prodr. 1: 453 (1824)

= Hibiscus trionum var. vesicarius (Cav.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 145 (1900)

= Hibiscus uniflorus E.Mey. ex Harv.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 1: 176 (1860)

= Hibiscus vesicarius Cav.; Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 171 (t. 64, fig. 2) (1787)

= Ketmia trionum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 44 (1771)

= Laguna ternata (Cav.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willd.] 3(1): 733 (1800)

= Solandra ternata Cav.; Diss. 5, Quinta Diss. Bot. 279 (t. 136, f. 2) (1788)

= Trionum annuum Medik.; Malvenfam. 47 (1787)

= Trionum cordifolium Moench; Suppl. Meth. (Moench) 202 (1802)

= Trionum diffusum Moench; Methodus (Moench) 618 (1794)

= Trionum frutescens Medik.; Malv. 47 (1787)

= Trionum trionum (L.) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. US. Nat. Herb. 19: 417 (1915), nom. inval.

species :

Hibiscus uncinellus [Moc. & Sessé] ex DC.; Prodr. 1: 449 (1824)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

species :

Hibiscus upingtoniae Gürke ex Schinz; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 30: 178 (1888)

Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

27 BOT NAM SAF

species :

Hibiscus urticifolius A.St.-Hil. & Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. II. 18: 39 (1842)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus selloi Gürke; Mart., Fl. Bras. 12: III. 554 (1892)

= Hibiscus selloi var. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 5: 301 (1905)

species :

Hibiscus varians Splitg. ex De Vriese; Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. 1: 338 (1848)

Distribution: ?Guyana

species :

Hibiscus verbasciformis Klotzsch ex Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 143 (1900)

Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Meta, Nariño, Valle); ?Venezuela; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba)

80 PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus spathulatus Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 840 (1849) (nom. illeg.)

= Hibiscus spathulatus var. froesianus Monteiro; Anais Soc. Bot. Brasil 5: 455 (1956)

species :

Hibiscus verdcourtii Craven; New Zealand J. Bot. 49(1): 35 (2011)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus verecundus McLay & Albr.; Austral. Syst. Bot. 36(6): 471 (2023)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Hibiscus vitifolius L.; Sp. Pl. 696 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. vitifolius

Name: Tropical rose mallow; Wild okra (Lesser Antilles), Wild cotton (Virgin Isl.)

Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mali; ?Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; ?Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; ?Kenya; ?Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen, Inner Hadhramaut); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Jhelum); Nepal; India (almost throughout); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Yangon); Thailand; ?Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Queensland); Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Thomas [I], St. Croix [I], Tortola [I]); St. Barthélémy [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]

20 EGY 22 GHA MLI NGA NGR TOG 23 BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 COM MDG 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 BAN IND ldv NEP PAK SRL 41 CBD MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY NWG PHI SUL XMS 50 AUS 81 aba bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar pue sba stk stv trt vir

Synonyms: hidden

= Abelmoschus vitifolius (L.) Hassk.; Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 134 (1843)

= Fioria vitifolia (L.) Mattei; Bol. Ort. Bot. Palermo, n. s. 2: 72 (1917)

= Fioria vitifolia subsp. vulgaris (Brenan & Exell) Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 9: 59 (1977)

= Hibiscus cuspidatus Edgew.; J. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 21: 168 (1853)

= Hibiscus heterotrichus DC.; Prodr. 1: 450 (1824)

= Hibiscus jatrophifolius A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 58 (1847)

= Hibiscus lepidospermus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 159 (1858)

= Hibiscus modaticus Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 56 (1847)

= Hibiscus natalitius Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 2: 587 (1862)

= Hibiscus obscurus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 57 (1847)

= Hibiscus obtusifolius Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willd.] 3(1): 829 (1800)

= Hibiscus ricinifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. 1: 171 (1860)

= Hibiscus ricinoides Garcke; Bot. Zeit. 7: 834 (1849)

= Hibiscus serratus Wall.; Numer. List no. 1900 (1829), nom. inval.

= Hibiscus strigosus Schumach. & Thonn.; Schumach., Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 314 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Hibiscus suaresensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 514 (1885)

= Hibiscus truncatus Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 51 (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 200 (1832)

= Hibiscus vitifolius f. americana Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 169 (1900)

= Hibiscus vitifolius f. zeylanicus Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 169 (1900)

= Hibiscus vitifolius subsp. vulgaris Brenan & Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 32: 73 (1958)

= Hibiscus vitifolius var. adhaerens Ulbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 377 (1912)

= Hibiscus vitifolius var. heterotrichus (DC.) Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 170 (1900)

= Hibiscus vitifolius var. ricinifolius Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 4: 170 (1900)

= Kosteletzkya vitifolia (L.) M.R.Almeida & N.Patil; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 93(1): 111 (1996)

subspecies :

subsp. lukei Mwachala & Cheek; Kew Bull. 58(2): 499 (2003)

Distribution: Kenya

25 KEN

species :

Hibiscus vohipahensis M.H.Hanes & G.E.Schatz; Candollea 75(2): 201 (2020)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Hibiscus volkensii Gürke; Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 266 (1895)

Distribution: N-Tanzania

25 TAN

Remarks: only known from the type

species :

Hibiscus waimeae A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Studies 1: 851 (1896)

subspecies :

subsp. waimeae

Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)

63 HAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus waimeae var. helleri Hochr.

subspecies :

subsp. hannerae (O.Deg. & I.Deg.) D.M.Bates; Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 29: 106 (1989)

Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)

63 HAW

Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus waimeae var. hannerae O.Deg. & I.Deg.

species :

Hibiscus waterbergensis Exell; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 33: 178 (1959)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

27 SAF

species :

Hibiscus watsonii W.W.Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 198 (1912)

Distribution: Myanmar (Mandalay, Shan)

41 MYA

species :

Hibiscus whytei Stapf; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37: 87 (1905)

Distribution: Guinea; Liberia; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast

22 BKN GUI IVO LBR

species :

Hibiscus wilsonii Fryxell; Brittonia 25(2): 80 (1973)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus windischii Krapov. & Fryxell; Bonplandia (Corrientes) 13(1-4): 54 (2004)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

species :

Hibiscus yunnanensis S.Y.Hu; Fl. China Family 153: 56, t. 20-5 (1955)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Fioria yunnanensis (Hu) Abedin; Pakistan J. Bot. 9(1): 60 (1977)

species :

Hibiscus zanzibaricus Exell; J. Bot. 66: 327 (1928)

Distribution: SE-Tanzania; Zanzibar; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique

25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus migeodii Exell; J. Bot. 68: 83 (1930)

species :

Hibiscus zonatus F.Muell.; Fragm. 1: 221 (1858)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Hibiscus mustiae F.D.Wilson; Austral. J. Bot. 22: 175 (1974)

species :

Hibiscus zygomorphus Fryxell & S.D.Koch; Aliso 11(4): 549 (1987)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Hibiscus ×archeri Watson; Garden & Forest, 324 (1896), H. J. Wigman in Teysmannia 33: 393 (1922)

Distribution: Java; Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Ulithi [I], Woleai [I], Faraulep [I], Ifalik [I], Lamotrek [I], Satawal [I], Kapingamarangi [I]); Cuba [I]

42 JAW 62 gum mic 81 cub

species :

Hibiscus ×corrugatus J.W.Moore; Bull. Bishop Mus., Honolulu, No. 102, 31 (1933)

Distribution: Society Isl. (Raiatea)

61 SCI

species :

Hibiscus ×hongjinma Y.T.Chang; Guihaia 11(2): 119-120 (1991)

Distribution: China [I]

36 chi

Remarks: Hibiscus cannabinus x radiatus

species :

Hibiscus ×sabei Weckesser; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5(1): 41 (2011)

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

Remarks: Hibiscus coulteri x denudatus

Loading ...

Prev genus

Top

Next genus

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (11)

Genus (246)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (11)

Genus (246)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species, 8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms, in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]