512.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)

1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications

Species listed in database: 35235; hybrids: 679

= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)

= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820), nom. cons.

= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)

= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)

= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)

= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 48 (1820)

= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 56 (1820)

= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)

= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)

= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)

= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 168 (1789), nom. cons.

= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 297 (1818)

= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 538 (1792), nom. cons.

= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)

= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)

= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)

= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 253 (1820)

= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 46 (1830)

= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)

= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)

= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)

= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)

= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)

= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)

= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)

= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 400 (1845)

= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)

= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 290 (1836)

= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)

= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)

= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 482 (1820)

= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 560 (1820)

= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 577 (1820)

= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)

= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)

= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 296 (1836)

= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)

= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 498 (1843)

512.5165 Genus Lactuca L.; Sp. Pl. 795 (1753)

Distribution: esp. temp. Northern Hemisphere. The majority of former Cicerbita belongs here (Kilian et al. 2017)

Species listed in database: 132; hybrids: 3

species :

Lactuca acanthifolia (Willd.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 818 (1875)

Name: Akanthusblättriger Lattich (DE); Acanthus-leaved Lettuce (EN)

Distribution: Greece (Attiki, E-Peloponnissos, Kithira, Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Dodecanese, Tilos, Karpathos, Kasos, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

13 GRC KRI 34 EAI TUR

Remarks: Subgen. Phoenixopus

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla acanthifolia (Willd.) Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 330 (1812)

= Lactuca acanthifolia f. amorgina (Heldr. & Orph.) Feráková; Gen. Lactuca L. in Eur.: 48 (1977)

= Lactuca acanthifolia f. eburnea (Rech.f.) V.Ferakova; Gen. Lactuca Eur.: 49 (1977)

= Lactuca acanthifolia f. integrifolia V.Ferakova; Gen. Lactuca Eur.: 49 (1977)

= Lactuca amorgina Heldr. & Orph. ex Halácsy; Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 49: 188 (1899)

= Lactuca eburnea Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 47: 148 (1936)

= Phaenixopus acanthifolius (Willd.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 48: 426 (1826)

= Prenanthes acanthifolia Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1542 (1803)

= Scariola acanthifolia (Willd.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

= Scariola amorgina (Heldr. & Orph.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

= Scariola eburnea (Rech.f.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

species :

Lactuca aculeata Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 809 (1875)

Distribution: Armenia; NE-Greece (Limnos); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Syria (Jazira); Israel (N-Israel)

13 GRC 33 ARM 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR SYR TUR

species :

Lactuca adenophora Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 814 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita adenophora (Boiss. & Kotschy) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 2: 125 (1910)

species :

Lactuca albertoregelia (C.Winkl.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola albertoregelia (C.Winkl.) Kirp.; Kom., Fl. U.R.S.S. 29: 322 (1964)

= Chondrilla albertoregelia C.Winkl.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 11: 337 (1896)

species :

Lactuca alpestris (Gand.) Rech.f.; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat., cv. II. Abt. 1, 160 (1943), cum descr. ampl.

Distribution: Crete (widespread in mountains)

13 KRI

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca viminea subsp. alpestris (Gand.) Feráková; J. Linn. Soc., Bot., 71(4): 268 (1975 publ.1976)

= Lactuca viminea var. decumbens Halácsy

= Phoenixopus alpestris Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 62: 155 (1915 publ. 1916)

= Scariola alpestris (Gand.) Greuter, Matthäs & Risse; Willdenowia 14(2): 274 (1984 publ. 1985)

= Scariola alpestris (Gand.) Holub; Folia Geobot. & Phytotax., 12(3): 308 (1977)

species :

Lactuca amaurophyton (Podlech & Rech.f.) N.Kilian; Pl. Syst. Evol. 307(1, 7): 12 (2021)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghorat)

34 AFG

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola amaurophyton Podlech & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 122: 207 (1977)

species :

Lactuca ambacensis (Hiern) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 444 (1966)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Crepis ambacensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 618 (1898)

= Lactuca tricostata De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 5, 1[2]: 88 (1904)

species :

Lactuca anatolica Behcet & Yapar; Phytotaxa 455(4): 288 (2020)

Distribution: Turkey (Bingöl)

34 TUR

species :

Lactuca attenuata Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 346 (1937)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Malawi

23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 UGA 26 MLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca attenuatissima Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 17: 106 (1943)

= Lactuca semibarbata Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 348 (1937)

species :

Lactuca azerbaijanica Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 122: 193, t. 131 (1977)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca bandyopadhyana Kottaim.; Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 6(10): 37 (2019), nom. nov.

Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca pygmaea Bhellum; Curr. Life Sci. 1: 2 (2015), nom. illeg., non Zoll. & Moritzi

species :

Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald; Rhodora 42: 300 (1940)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus floridanus D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 310 (1828-1829 publ. 1829)

= Cicerbita canadensis var. integrifolia Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 93 (1900)

= Cicerbita spicata (Lam.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 124 (1910)

= Cicerbita spicata var. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 2: 124 (1910)

= Eunoxis amabilis Raf.; New Fl. 4: 84 (1838)

= Lactuca biennis f. aurea (Jenn.) Fernald; Rhodora 42: 302 (1940)

= Lactuca biennis f. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Fernald; Rhodora 42: 302 (1940)

= Lactuca biennis var. integrifolia (A.Gray) Britton

= Lactuca leucophaea var. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 444 (1884)

= Lactuca spicata (Lam.) Hitchc.; Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 5: 506 (1892)

= Lactuca spicata f. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Jenn.; Ann. Carnegie Mus. 13: 443 (1922)

= Lactuca spicata Hitchc.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 5: 506 (1891)

= Lactuca spicata var. aurea Jenn.; Ann. Carnegie Mus. 13: 440 (1922)

= Lactuca spicata var. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 350 (1894)

= Lactuca spicata var. multifida A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 62: 152 (1916)

= Lactuca terrae-novae Fernald; Rhodora 28: 240 (1927)

= Mulgedium leucophaeum var. integrifolium Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 499 (1843)

= Mulgedium spicatum (Lam.) Small; Fl. Lancaster Co. 316 (1913)

= Sonchus biennis Moench; Methodus 545 (1794)

= Sonchus spicatus Lam.; Encyc. 3: 401 (1786)

species :

Lactuca birjandica Mozaff.; Iranian J. Bot. 21(1): 24 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca boissieri Rouy; Fl. Franc. 9: 200 (1905)

Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita boissieri (Rouy) C.Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 429 (1975)

= Cicerbita sonchoides Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 2: 131 (1910), nom. superfl.

= Lactuca sonchoides Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 816 (1875), nom. illeg.

species :

Lactuca bourgaei (Boiss.) Irish & Taylor; L. H. Bailey, Standard Cycl. Hort. 1766 (1916)

Distribution: England [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

10 grb 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita bourgaei (Boiss.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 2: 118 (1910)

= Mulgedium bourgaei Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 801 (1875)

species :

Lactuca brachyrrhyncha Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 34: 578 (1899)

Distribution: Mexico (México State, Michoacan)

79 MEX

species :

Lactuca bracteata Hook.f. & Thomson ex C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 270 (1876)

Distribution: Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chumbi)

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Melanoseris bracteata (Hook.f. & Thomson ex C.B.Clarke) N.Kilian; Fl. China 20-21: 225 (2011)

= Mulgedium bracteatum (Hook.f. & Thomson ex C.B.Clarke) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 390 (1988)

species :

Lactuca brassicifolia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 11: 48 (1849)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)

32 TKM 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus brassicifolius (Boiss.) Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 619 (1968)

= Cicerbita brassicifolia Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II 2: 131 (1910)

= Zollikoferiastrum brassicifolium (Boiss.) Kamelin; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 10: 628 (1993)

species :

Lactuca calophylla C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 439 (1966)

Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi

25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM

species :

Lactuca canadensis L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1193 (1753)

Name: Wild Lettuce

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Yukon); USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Dominican Republic; Haiti

70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus acuminatus (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit., ed. 2, 277 (1830)

= Cicerbita canadensis (L.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 434 (1822)

= Cicerbita elongata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 434 (1822)

= Galathenium elongatum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 443 (1840)

= Galathenium integrifolium (Cass.) Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 443 (1840)

= Galathenium salicifolium Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 443 (1840)

= Lactuca canadensis f. albocaerulea (Farw.) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 45 (1923)

= Lactuca canadensis f. angustata Wiegand; Rhodora 22: 11 (1920)

= Lactuca canadensis f. angustipes Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 108 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca canadensis f. angustipes Wiegand; Rhodora 22: 10 (1920)

= Lactuca canadensis f. exauriculata Wiegand; Rhodora 22: 11 (1920)

= Lactuca canadensis f. pallida Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 109 (1924)

= Lactuca canadensis f. spinulosa (Jenn.) F.Seym.; Fl. New England, ed. 2: 574 (1982)

= Lactuca canadensis f. steelei (Britton) Fernald; Rhodora 40: 481 (1938)

= Lactuca canadensis f. stenopoda Wiegand; Rhodora 22: 11 (1920)

= Lactuca canadensis f. villicaulis Fernald; Rhodora 41: 574 (1939)

= Lactuca canadensis var. albocaerulea Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 250 (1917)

= Lactuca canadensis var. angustifolia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 349 (1891)

= Lactuca canadensis var. elongata Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 46 (1923)

= Lactuca canadensis var. integrifolia (Cass.) Farw.; Asa Gray Bull. 3: 22 (1895)

= Lactuca canadensis var. laciniata Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 45 (1923)

= Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 349 (1891)

= Lactuca canadensis var. longifolia (Michx.) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 2: 45 (1923)

= Lactuca canadensis var. montana Britton; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 3: 274 (1898)

= Lactuca canadensis var. obovata Wiegand; Rhodora 22: 11 (1920)

= Lactuca canadensis var. spinulosa Jenn.; Ann. Carnegie Mus. 13: 444 (1922)

= Lactuca caroliniana Walter; Fl. Carol. 193 (1788)

= Lactuca elongata Muhl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1525 (1803)

= Lactuca elongata var. longifolia (Michx.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 496 (1843)

= Lactuca longifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. (Michaux) 2: 85 (1803)

= Lactuca procera Schrad. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 137 (1838)

= Lactuca sagittifolia Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 2: 253 (1823)

= Lactuca steelei Britton; Man. Fl. N. States [Britton] 899 (1901)

= Lactuca villosa Muhl. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 497 (1843)

= Mulgedium canadensis (L.) Farw.; Asa Gray Bull. 3: 22 (1895)

= Mulgedium integrifolium Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 33: 298 (1824)

= Sonchus pallidus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 1521 (1803)

= Wiestia canadensis (L.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

= Wiestia elongata (Wallr.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca chitralensis (Tuisl) Ghafoor, Qaiser & Roohi Bano; Pakistan J. Bot. 49(4): 1325 (2017)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Kunar / Nuristan, Takhar); Pakistan (Chitral)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus chitralensis Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 616 (1968)

= Cicerbita chitralensis (Tuisl) Roohi Bano & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 42(Sp. Issue): 54 (2010)

species :

Lactuca cichorioides (Hiern) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 446 (1966)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Crepis cichoriodes Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 617 (1898)

species :

Lactuca corymbosa Lawalrée; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 55(1-2): 271 (1985)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Lactuca crambifolia (Bunge) B.Fedtsch.; Rastit. Turkest. 765 (1915)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan); Pakistan (Chitral, Nanga Parbat); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita crambifolia (Bunge) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II 2: 143 (1910)

= Lactuca edelbergii Rech.f.; Biol. Skr. 8(2): 205 (1955)

= Steptorhamphus crambifolius Bunge; Mem. Sav. Etr. Petersb. 7: 381 (1851), et Beitr. Fl. Russl. 205 (1852)

species :

Lactuca cubangensis (S.Moore) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 449 (1966)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Sonchus cubangensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 65: Suppl. 2, 67 (1927)

species :

Lactuca czerepanovii (Kirp.) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)

Distribution: Transcaucasus

Synonyms: hidden

= Steptorhamphus czerepanovii Kirp.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 22: 322 (1963)

species :

Lactuca deltoidea (M.Bieb.) DC. ex C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. (C. A. Mey.). 56. (1831)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita deltoidea (M.Bieb.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II 2: 128 (1910)

= Mycelis ambigua Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 48: 426 (1827)

= Mycelis deltoidea (M.Bieb.) Sennikov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(2): 111 (1997)

= Prenanthes deltoidea M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Cauc. 3: 529 (1819)

species :

Lactuca denaensis N.Kilian & Djavadi; PhytoKeys 11: 63 (2012)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca dissecta D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 164 (1825)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Oman (Mascat & Oman); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Waziristan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Salt Range, Gilgit, Baltistan, Nubra); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Nubra, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Darjeeling)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 35 OMA SAU 36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla auriculata Wall.; Numer. List no. 3269 (1831), nomen

= Lactuca arvensis Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 79 (1846)

= Lactuca auriculata Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 140 (1838)

= Lactuca stocksii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 3: 96 (1856)

species :

Lactuca dolichophylla Kitam.; Res. Kyoto Univ. Sci. Exped. Karak. & Hinduk. 8: (Addit. & Corr. Fl. Afgh.) 150 (1966) et in Fl. E. Himalaya. 341 (1955 publ. 1966)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); China (Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Dir, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Gilgit); Nepal; N-India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bengal Duars, Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Mon, Yangon)

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla longifolia Wall.; Numer. List no. 3273 (1831), nomen

= Lactuca handeliana S.Y.Hu; Quarterly J. Taiwan Mus. 20: 21 (1967)

= Lactuca longifolia (Wall.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 135 (1838) (nec Michx. 1803)

= Lactuca wallichiana Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 608 (1968), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Mulgedium sagittatum Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himalaya. 252. t. 61, f. 2 (1835)

species :

Lactuca dregeana DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 137 (1838)

Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)

27 BOT SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca virosa Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 139 (1800), nom. illeg.

= Ammoseris dregeana D.Dietr.; Syn. Plant. 4: 1320 (1847)

species :

Lactuca dumicola (Hiern) S.Moore; J. Bot. 65: Suppl. 2, 67 (1927)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Crepis dumicola Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 618 (1898)

species :

Lactuca erostrata Bano & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 43(5): 2261 (2011)

Distribution: Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

species :

Lactuca exigua (Tuisl) comb.ined.

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Paktia / Khost)

34 AFG

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola exigua Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 629 (1968)

species :

Lactuca fenzlii N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003), nom. nov.

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita brevirostris (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) C.Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 429 (1975)

= Lactuca brevirostris (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 817 (1875)

= Lactucopsis brevirostris Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Ist. Veneto 15: 5 (1870)

species :

Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 362 (1791)

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin); Puerto Rico [I]

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 pue

Remarks: Subgen. Mulgedium

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita acuminata (Willd.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 434 (1822)

= Cicerbita floridana (L.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 434 (1822)

= Cicerbita villosa Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 124 (1910)

= Lactuca acuminata (Willd.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 659 (1826)

= Lactuca floridana f. leucantha Fernald; Rhodora 42: 498 (1940)

= Lactuca floridana var. villosa (Jacq.) Cronquist; Rhodora 50: 31 (1948)

= Lactuca villosa Jacq.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: t. 367 (1798)

= Mulgedium acuminatum (Wallr.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 250 (1838)

= Mulgedium floridanum (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 249 (1838)

= Mulgedium floridanum var. acuminatum Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl.: 194 (1870)

= Mulgedium lyratum Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 33: 297 (1824)

= Mulgedium villosum (Jacq.) Small; Fl. Lancaster Co. 316 (1913)

= Prenanthes sonchoides DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 53 (1813)

= Sonchus acuminatus Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 1521 (1803)

= Sonchus floridanus L.; Sp. Pl. 794 (1753)

= Wiestia acuminata (Wallr.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

= Wiestia floridana (L.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca formosana Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 19: 525 (1874)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca morii Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8: 75 (1919)

= Lactuca sonchus H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 8: 449 (1910)

= Pterocypsela formosana (Maxim.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 389 (1988)

= Pterocypsela sonchus (H.Lév. & Vaniot) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 388 (1988)

species :

Lactuca garrettii Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 332 (1935)

Distribution: Myanmar; N-Thailand

41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita garrettii (Kerr) H.Koyama; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 27(4): 137 (2001)

species :

Lactuca georgica Grossh.; Grossh. & Schiscak., Pl. Or. Exs. 8 (1924)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

species :

Lactuca gilanica Mozaff.; Iranian J. Bot. 21(1): 26 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca glandulifera Hook.f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 203 (1864)

Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Mozambique

22 IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 BIO BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca dunlapii Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 2: 177 (1931)

= Lactuca elgonensis Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 345 (1937)

= Lactuca integrifolia De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 5: 456 (1932), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca wildemaniana Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 349 (1937)

species :

Lactuca glareosa Schott & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 812 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Prenanthes glareosa (Schott & Kotschy) C.Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 433 (1975)

= Pterotheca glareosa Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 386 (1876), in textu

species :

Lactuca glauciifolia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 813 (1875)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan)

32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN TUR 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca longirostra Aitch. & Hemsl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II. 3: 82 (1886)

species :

Lactuca gorganica Rech.f. & Esfand.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 96: 267 (1950)

Distribution: Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran)

33 AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus gorganicus (Rech.f. & Esfand.) Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 617 (1968)

= Cephalorrhynchus talyschensis Kirp.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 22: 310 (1963)

= Lactuca deltoidea var. gorganica (Rech.f. & Esfand.) Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777) 10: 198 (1980)

= Lactuca deltoides C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 56 (1831)

= Mycelis deltoidea var. talyschensis (Kirp.) Sennikov; Konspekt Fl. Kavkaza 3(1): 348 (2008)

species :

Lactuca gracilipetiolata Merr.; Brittonia 4: 186 (1941)

Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin)

41 MYA

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Lactuca graminifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 85 (1803)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas); Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Bahamas; Haiti

73 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA 81 BAH HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Galathenium graminifolium (Michx.) Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 443 (1840)

= Lactuca elongata var. graminifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S.: 252 (1860)

= Lactuca graminea Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 659 (1826)

= Lactuca graminifolia var. arizonica McVaugh; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 9(4): 369 (1972)

= Lactuca graminifolia var. mexicana McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9: 370 (1972)

= Wiestia graminifolia (Michx.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca haimanniana Asch. ex Durand & Barratte; Fl. Libyc. Prodr. 152 (1910)

Distribution: Libya

20 LBY

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita haimanniana (Asch. ex Durand & Barratte) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 129 (1910)

species :

Lactuca hazaranensis Djavadi & N.Kilian; PhytoKeys 11: 68 (2012)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. ex Nutt.; Gen. Am. 2: 124 (1818)

Distribution: Canada (Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Galathenium floridanum Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 443 (1840)

= Galathenium sanguineum Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 444 (1840)

= Lactuca canadensis A.Gray; Man. Bot. N. U. St. 803 (1848) non L. 1759

= Lactuca elongata var. albiflora Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 497 (1843)

= Lactuca elongata var. sanguinea (Bigelow) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 496 (1843)

= Lactuca hirsuta f. calvifolia Fernald; Rhodora 22: 156 (1920)

= Lactuca hirsuta f. indivisa Fernald; Rhodora 43: 657 (1941)

= Lactuca hirsuta var. albiflora (Torr. & A.Gray) Shinners; Field & Lab. 23: 36 (1955)

= Lactuca hirsuta var. sanguinea (Bigelow) Fernald; Rhodora 40: 481 (1938)

= Lactuca sanguinea Bigelow; Fl. Bost. ed. II. 287 (1824)

species :

Lactuca hispida DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 139 (1838)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (N-Greece, Evvoia, Samothraki); Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos); Turkey

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 KRY UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus confertus Conrath & Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 477 (1895)

= Cephalorrhynchus glandulosus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 4: 28 (1844)

= Cephalorrhynchus hispidus (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 821 (1875)

= Cephalorrhynchus tuberosus (Steven) Schchian; Not. Syst. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss. 23: 99 (1963)

= Cicerbita conferta Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 2: 140 (1910)

= Cicerbita glandulosa Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II 2: 140 (1910)

= Cicerbita hispida (M.Bieb.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 2: 141 (1910)

= Mycelis glandulosa (Boiss.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30: II. 842 (1931)

= Mycelis hispida (M.Bieb.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30: II. 842 (1931)

= Prenanthes hispida M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 245 (1808), nom. illeg.

= Prenanthes tuberosa Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 4: 99 (1813), non Lactuca tuberosa Jacq. 1770

= Steptorhamphus hispidus (M.Bieb.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. Ix. E. 224 (1939)

species :

Lactuca hispidula (Regel) B.Fedtsch.; Rastit. Turkest. 765 (1915)

Distribution: Turkmenistan

32 TKM

Synonyms: hidden

= Steptorhamphus hispidulus Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: (1867) II. 176

species :

Lactuca homblei De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 210 (1914)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia

23 ZAI 26 ZAM

species :

Lactuca imbricata Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 620 (1898)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca gilletii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. V. 1: 86 (1904)

variant :

var. hockii (De Wild.) Dethier; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 52(3-4): 381 (1982)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia

23 ZAI 26 ANG ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca andongensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 622 (1898)

= Lactuca hockii De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 211 (1914)

species :

Lactuca indica L.; Mant. 2: 278 (1771)

Distribution: Central African Republic [I]; South Africa [I] (KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Agalega Isl. [I]; Seychelles [I]; Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Philippines (Batanes, Luzon, Alabat, Mindoro, Panay); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Jamaica [I]

23 caf 27 saf 29 aga mau mdg reu sey 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI NWG PHI 81 jam

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachyramphus heyneanus Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient.: t. 1146 (1846)

= Brachyramphus sinicus Miq.; J. Bot. Neerl. 1: 105 (1861)

= Brachyramphus sonchifolius Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 168 (1859)

= Brachyramphus taraxacoides DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 177 (1838)

= Chondrilla indica (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. 1: 191 (1821)

= Chondrilla racemosa Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 331 (1812)

= Chondrilla sonchifolia Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 330 (1811)

= Chondrilla squarrosa (Thunb.) Poir.; Encycl. (Lam.) Suppl. 2 232 (1811)

= Lactuca amurensis Regel & Maxim.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 42 (1857)

= Lactuca bialata Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 246 (1854)

= Lactuca brevirostris Champ. ex Benth.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 237. (1852)

= Lactuca cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 8: 450 (1910)

= Lactuca dracoglossa Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 7: 23 (1931)

= Lactuca hoatiensis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 449 (1910)

= Lactuca indica f. indivisa (Maxim.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 220 (1952)

= Lactuca indica f. runcinata (Maxim.) Kitam.

= Lactuca indica var. indivisa (Makino) Hatus.; Exp. Forest. Kyushu Imp. Univ. 5: 201 (1934)

= Lactuca indica var. laciniata (Houtt.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 220 (1952)

= Lactuca jamaicensis Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 384 (1861)

= Lactuca kouyangensis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 450 (1910)

= Lactuca laciniata (Houtt.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 88 (1903), nom. illeg., non Roth 1797

= Lactuca laciniata f. indivisa Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 88 (1903)

= Lactuca mauritiana Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 3: 292 (1813)

= Lactuca squarrosa (Thunb.) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 189 (1866)

= Lactuca squarrosa f. indivisa (Makino) Honda; Nom. Pl. Japonic. 509 (1939)

= Lactuca squarrosa f. runcinata Maxim.

= Lactuca squarrosa var. dentata Kom.

= Lactuca squarrosa var. integrifolia Kom.

= Lactuca squarrosa var. laciniata (Houtt.) Kuntze

= Lactuca squarrosa var. runcinatopinnatifida Kom.

= Leontodon acutissimus Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 19 (1790), nom. inval.

= Prenanthes indica (L.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26: 387 (1988)

= Prenanthes indica (L.) J.G.Klein ex Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 330 (1811)

= Prenanthes laciniata Houtt.; Handl. Pl.-Kruidk. 10: 381 (1773-1783)

= Prenanthes racemosa (Poir.) Roxb.; Hort Beng. 60 (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 405 (1832)

= Prenanthes squarrosa Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 303 (1784) et Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 715

= Prenanthes taraxacoides Wall.; Numer. List no. 3279 (1831), nomen

= Pterocypsela indica (L.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 387 (1988)

= Pterocypsela indica f. indivisa (Maxim.) H.Hara

= Pterocypsela indica f. runcinata (Maxim.) Kitam.

= Pterocypsela indica var. dracoglossa (Makino) K.Hammer; Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 61(8): 1458 (2014)

= Pterocypsela indica var. indivisa (Makino) K.Hammer; Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 61(8): 1458 (2014)

= Pterocypsela indica var. laciniata (Houtt.) H.C.Fu; Fl. Intramongolica, ed. 2, 4: 821 (1993)

= Pterocypsela indica var. laciniata (Houtt.) K.Hammer; Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 61(8): 1458 (2014), isonym

= Pterocypsela indivisa (Makino) H.S.Pak; Fl. Coreana (H. S. Park) 7: 349 (1999)

= Pterocypsela laciniata (Houtt.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 388 (1988)

= Scariola brevirostris (Fenzl) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

= Sonchus calyculatus Roxb. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 140 (1838)

species :

Lactuca inermis Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 144 (1775)

Distribution: Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; S-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)

22 BEN BKN GUI IVO MLI TOG 23 BIO CAF CMN CON ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca abyssinica Fresen.; Mus. Senckenb. 3: 72 (1839)

= Lactuca capensis Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 139 (1800)

= Lactuca hochstetteri Sch.Bip. ex Hochst.; Flora 24(1, Intelligenzbl.): 27 (1841)

= Lactuca holophylla Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 148 (1895)

= Lactuca humilis Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 463 (1848)

= Lactuca kenyaensis Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 224 (1936)

= Lactuca lebrunii Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 17: 105 (1943)

= Lactuca leptocephala Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 223 (1936)

= Lactuca pallidicoerulea Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 435 (1922), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 89 (1932)

= Lactuca rariflora Fresen.; Mus. Senckenb. 3: 73 (1839)

= Lactuca seretii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. V. 2: 218 (1907)

= Lactuca vanderystii De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 5: 87 (1915)

= Prenanthes chondrilloides Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 90 (1791) (non L. (1767))

= Pyrrhopappus hochstetteri (Sch.Bip. ex Hochst.) A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 463 (1847)

= Pyrrhopappus humilis A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 463 (1848)

= Scorzonera capensis Thunb.; Prod. Pl. Cap. 141 (1800)

variant :

var. myriocephala (Dethier) Lawalrée; Fl. Afr. Centr., Spermatophytes, Compos. 66 (1986)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania

23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca capensis var. myriocephala Dethier; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 52(3-4): 379 (1982)

species :

Lactuca intricata Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 4: 27 (1844)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (mountains of NW-, C-Greece, Peloponnisos: Mt. Chelmos); East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

13 ALB GRC NMA 34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca graeca Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 812 (1875)

= Phoenicopus intricatus (Boiss.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 264 (1874)

species :

Lactuca kanitziana Martelli; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. 15: 302 (1883)

Distribution: Borneo

42 BOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca kanitziana Martelli ex Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 245 (1891), nom. nud.

species :

Lactuca kemaliya Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 26 (2010)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Lactuca kirpicznikovii (Grossh.) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)

Distribution: Azerbaijan

33 AZE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus kirpicznikovii Grossh.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 13: 30 (1950)

species :

Lactuca klossii S.Moore; J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Thailand 4: 148 (1921)

Distribution: C-Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Lactuca kochiana Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve 2: 115 (1910)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey

33 ARM GEO 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Mulgedium salicifolium K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 669 (1851)

= Lactuca salicifolia (K.Koch) Grossh.; non Salisb.

species :

Lactuca kossinskyi (Krasch.) Coskunc., M.Güzel & N.Kilian; Pl. Syst. Evol. 307(1, 7): 12 (2021)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (NW-Iran)

32 TKM 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus kossinskyi (Krasch.) Kirp.; Fl. U.R.S.S. 29: 347 (1964)

= Cicerbita kossinskyi Krasch.; Bull. Jard. Bot. U.R.S.S. 26 2: 115 (1927)

species :

Lactuca lasiorhiza (O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 438 (1966)

Distribution: Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe

22 GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Launaea ledermannii (R.E.Fr.) Boulos; Bot. Notiser cxv. 59 (1962)

= Sonchus lasiorhizus O.Hoffm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 444 (1901)

= Sonchus ledermannii R.E.Fr.; Act. Hort. Berg. 7: 118 (1925)

= Sonchus quercifolius Philipson; J. Bot. 77: 88 (1939) non Desf. 1799

species :

Lactuca leucoclada Rech.f. & Tuisl; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat., ci. 399 (1964)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghorat)

34 AFG

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola leucoclada (Rech.f. & Tuisl) Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 630 (1968)

species :

Lactuca longespicata De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. V. 1: 87 (1904)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ZAM

species :

Lactuca longidentata Moris ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 139 (1838)

Distribution: Sardinia

12 SAR

Remarks: Subgen. Phoenixopus

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola longidentata (Moris) Holub; Preslia 70(2): 111 (1998)

species :

Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell; Syn. Fl. W. St. 51 (1835)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Galathenium ludovicianum (Nutt.) Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 444 (1840)

= Lactuca campestris Greene; Pittonia 4: 37 (1899)

= Lactuca ludoviciana f. campestris (Greene) Fernald; Rhodora 40: 481 (1938)

= Sonchus ludovicianus Nutt.; Gen. Am. 2: 125 (1818)

species :

Lactuca macrophylla (Willd.) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. 1: II. 444 (1884)

subspecies :

subsp. macrophylla

Name: Großblättriger Milchlattich (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)

11 ger 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus cacaliifolius (M.Bieb.) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1828 310 (1829)

= Agathyrsus macrophyllus (Willd.) Beck; Bot. North. Middle States: 170 (1833)

= Cicerbita grandis (K.Koch) Schchian; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., fasc. 13, 89 (1947)

= Cicerbita macrophylla (Willd.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 434 (1822)

= Cicerbita sevanensis Kirp.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 22: 304 (1963)

= Galathenium macrophyllum (Willd.) Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: (1840)443

= Hieracium cicerbita E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 102 (1906)

= Mulgedium cacaliifolium (M.Bieb.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 250 (1838)

= Mulgedium dubium K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 670 (1850)

= Mulgedium glabrum K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 668 (1850)

= Mulgedium grande K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 279 (1843)

= Mulgedium hispidum DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7(1): 250 (1838)

= Mulgedium lazicum Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 3: 801 (1875)

= Mulgedium macrophyllum (Willd.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 248 (1838)

= Prenanthes cacaliifolia (M.Bieb.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 114 (1910)

= Sonchus cacaliifolius M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 2: 241 (1808)

= Sonchus cordifolius Desf.; Tabl. École Bot.: 87 (1804)

= Sonchus macrophyllus Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1519 (1803)

subspecies :

subsp. uralensis (Rouy) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)

Name: Ural-Milchlattich (DE)

Distribution: England [I]; Northern Ireland [I]; Ireland [I]; Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; France [I]; Italy [I]; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; NW-European Russia [I]

10 den fin grb ire nor swe 11 bgm cze ger pol swi 12 fra 13 ita 14 RUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita macrophylla subsp. uralensis (Rouy) P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 249 (1976)

= Cicerbita uralensis (Rouy) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 123 (1910)

= Mulgedium uralense Rouy; Illustr. Pl. Eur. Rar. t. 390 (1901)

species :

Lactuca madatapensis (Gagnidze) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 36(2): 713 (2006)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita madatapensis Gagnidze; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Thbiliss., Fasc. 26, 30 (1967)

species :

Lactuca malaissei Lawalrée; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 55(1-2): 272 (1985)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Lactuca marschallii Stebbins; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 15 (1937), nom. nov.

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus prenanthoides (M.Bieb.) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 310 (1828-1829 publ. 1829)

= Lactuca chondrilloides Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steud.], ed. 2. 2: 3 (1840)

= Cicerbita prenanthoides (M.Bieb.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 121 (1910)

= Mulgedium prenanthoides (M.Bieb.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 248 (1838)

= Prenanthes erucifolia Willd.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 801 (1875)

= Sonchus prenanthoides M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Cauc. 2: 242 (1808)

species :

Lactuca marunguensis Lawalrée; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 55(1-2): 273 (1985)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

species :

Lactuca microsperma K.Schum.; Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee, Nachtr.: 403 (1905)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Lactuca mulgedioides (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 815 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

34 LEB TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus kotschyi Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 816 (1875)

= Cicerbita cataonica Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II 2: 127 (1910)

= Cicerbita kotschyi (Boiss. & Reut.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 2: 129 (1910)

= Cicerbita mulgedioides (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 2: 130 (1910)

= Cicerbita paradoxa Hausskn. & Bornm.; Feddes Repert. Beih. 89: 408 (1944)

= Cicerbita seticuspis (Boiss.) Bornm.; Feddes Repert. Beih. 89: 408 (1944)

= Cicerbita villicaulis (Bornm.) Soják; Novit. Bot. Delect. Seminum Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 1962: 50 (1962)

= Lactuca cataonica (Beauverd) Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 815 (1875)

= Lactuca mulgedioides Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 815 (1875)

= Lactuca seticuspis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 816 (1875)

= Lactucopsis mulgedioides Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Ist. Veneto 15: 7 (1870)

species :

Lactuca mwinilungensis G.V.Pope; Kew Bull. 39(1): 168 (1984)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia

23 ZAI 26 ZAM

species :

Lactuca olgae (Leskov) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 36(2): 713 (2006)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita olgae Leskov; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 25: 53 (1932)

species :

Lactuca orientalis (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 819 (1875)

subspecies :

subsp. orientalis

Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Wardak, Nangarhar, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar, Zabul); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze); Israel (Negev Desert, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Nejd Desert); Oman (Dhofar); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Swat, Gilgit, Astor, Baltistan); NW-India (Dras, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

20 EGY 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 OMA SAU 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca viminea var. erostris Regel

= Phaenixopus orientalis Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 390 (1841)

= Scariola orientalis (Boiss.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

subspecies :

subsp. nuristanica (Podlech & Rech.f.) Bano & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 43(5): 2262 (2011)

Distribution: Iran; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Parwan); Pakistan

34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola orientalis subsp. nuristanica Podlech & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 122: 204 (1977)

species :

Lactuca oyukludaghensis (Parolly) N.Kilian & Parolly; Med-Checkl. (2008)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Prenanthes oyukludaghensis Parolly; Willdenowia 25(1): 242 (1995)

species :

Lactuca pakistanica Akhtar & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 3(1): 25 (1987)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Lactuca palmensis Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 7: 298 (1859)

Name: La Palma-Lattich (DE); Lechuga palmera (ES)

Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma Isl.)

21 CNY

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita palmensis (Bolle) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 135 (1910)

species :

Lactuca paradoxa Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 460 (1848)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi

23 ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Pertya paradoxa (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Schweinf. & Asch.; (1867)

species :

Lactuca perennis L.; Sp. Pl. 796 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. perennis

Name: Blauer Lattich (DE)

Distribution: Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (rare in mountains); Lithuania; Ukraine

11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 LIT UKR

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyanoseris perennis (L.) Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 4: 43 (1853)

= Hieracium coeruleum E.H.L.Krause; 106 (1906), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca cichoriifolia DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3 6: 434 (1815)

= Lactuca deggeleriana Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz: 759 (1840)

= Lactuca perennis f. angustifolia (Wallr.) Hegi; 1115 (1928)

= Lactuca perennis f. integrifolia (Bisch.) Hegi; 1115 (1928)

= Lactuca perennis f. latifolia (Wallr.) Hegi; 1115 (1928)

= Lactuca perennis var. angustifolia Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 440 (1822)

= Lactuca perennis var. cichoriifolia (DC.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 322 (1850)

= Lactuca perennis var. integrifolia Bisch.; 180 (1851)

= Lactuca perennis var. latifolia Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 440 (1822)

= Lactuca sonchoides Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyr. 461 (1813)

= Scorzonera caerulea Saut. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 855 (1831)

= Sonchus cavanillesii Caball.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6(2): 541 (1946)

subspecies :

subsp. granatensis Charpin & Fern.Casas; Candollea, 36(1): 237 (1981) (nom. nov.)

Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. Nevada and surrounding mountains)

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca grosii Pau & Font Quer; Cavanillesia 2: 163 (1930)

= Lactuca singularis Wilmott; J. Bot. (London) 68: 79 (1930)

= Steptorhamphus singularis (Wilmott) Fern.Casas; Candollea, 29(2): 333 (1974)

species :

Lactuca persica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 7: 9 (1846)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Herat, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Chitral)

32 TKM TZK 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita persica Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 142 (1910)

= Steptorhamphus persicus (Boiss.) O.Fedtsch. & B.Fedtsch.; Consp. Fl. Turkest. 4: 319 (1911)

species :

Lactuca petrensis Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 619 (1898)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca hoepfneriana O.Hoffm. ex Merxm.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, Heft 9-10, 433 (1954)

= Reichardia laciniata Klatt; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4: 475 (1896)

species :

Lactuca picridiformis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 807 (1875)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Bamyan Farah, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus picridiformis (Boiss.) Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 618 (1968)

= Cicerbita picridiformis (Boiss.) Roohi Bano & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 42(Sp. Issue): 53 (2010)

= Cicerbita scoparia (Rech.f. & Köie) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 17: 35 (1957)

= Lactuca scoparia Rech.f. & Köie; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 8: No. 2 (Symb. Afgh. II.) 211 (1955)

species :

Lactuca piestocarpa (Boiss.) Sennikov; Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fennica 90: 94 (2014)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla piestocarpa Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 793 (1875)

= Chondrilla piestocarpa var. scoparia (Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.) Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777) 10: 198 (1980)

= Chondrilla scoparia Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 97: 259 (1950)

= Launaea piestocarpa (Boiss.) Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica 122: 152 (1977)

species :

Lactuca plumieri (L.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. Franc. 2: 322 (1779)

Name: Französischer Milchlattich (DE)

Distribution: England [I]; Norway [I]; Germany (Baden-Württemberg); Switzerland; Spain; Andorra; France; North Macedonia; Bulgaria

10 grb nor 11 GER SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BUL NMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus plumieri (L.) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1828 310 (1829)

= Cicerbita orbelica (Velen.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30: 11. 838 (1931)

= Cicerbita plumieri (L.) Kirschl.; Fl. Alsace 1: 401 (1852), et Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Strassb. 4: (1855) [n. xv.] t. 1

= Crepis orbelica Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1890: 52 (1890)

= Hieracium plumieri (L.) E.H.L.Krause; 102 (1906)

= Lactuca brevirostra Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 494 (1867)

= Lactucopsis plumieri (L.) Sch.Bip.; no. 117 (1863)

= Lactucopsis plumieri (L.) Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Ist. Venet. 15: (1870) 8

= Mulgedium orbelicum Velen.; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr., 44 (1905)

= Mulgedium plumieri (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 248 (1838)

= Sonchus acanthifolius Clairv.; 231 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Sonchus acanthoides Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 610 (1841)

= Sonchus cichoraceus Moench; Suppl. Meth.: 222 (1802), nom. illeg.

= Sonchus plumieri L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1192 (1759)

species :

Lactuca polyclada Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 7: 10 (1846)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Lactuca praecox R.E.Fr.; Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12 1: 352 (1916)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM

species :

Lactuca praevia C.D.Adams; Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. Trop. Afr ed. 2, 2: 496 (1963)

Distribution: Guinea; Burkina Faso

22 BKN GUI

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca tuberosa A.Chev.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: Mem. 8, 261 (1917), non Jacq. 1914

species :

Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 134 (1838)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, N. W. T., Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus pulchellus (Pursh) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1828 310 (1828-1829 publ. 1829)

= Lactuca integrifolia Nutt.; Gen. Am. 2: 124 (1818)

= Lactuca oblongifolia Nutt.; Fraser, Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana: no. 47 (1813)

= Lactuca pulchella f. stevensii B.Boivin; Phytologia 23(1): 125 (1972)

= Lactuca pulchella var. heterophylla Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 6: 214 (1904)

= Lactuca tatarica subsp. pulchella (Pursh) Stebbins; Madroño 5: 123 (1939)

= Lactuca tatarica var. heterophylla (Nutt.) Boivin; Phytologia 23(1): 125 (1972)

= Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung; Canad. Field-Naturalist 71: 70 (1957)

= Mulgedium heterophyllum Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 441 (1840)

= Mulgedium oblongifolium (Nutt.) Reveal; Phytologia 89(1): 69 (2007)

= Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) G.Don; Sw., Hort Brit ed. III. 418 (1839)

= Sonchus pulchellus Pursh; Fl. Am. Sept. 2: 502 (1813)

species :

Lactuca pumila Rech.f. & Tuisl; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wisr., Math.-Nat., ci. 398 (1964)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni)

34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Steptorhamphus pumilus (Rech.f. & Tuisl) Tuisl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 72: 634 (1968)

species :

Lactuca putii Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 332 (1935)

Distribution: N-Thailand

41 THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita putii (Kerr) H.Koyama; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 27(4): 134 (2001)

species :

Lactuca quercina L.; Sp. Pl. 795 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. quercina

Name: Eichen-Lattich (DE)

Distribution: Sweden (Gotland); Germany (Bayern, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

10 SWE 11 AUT CZE GER HUN SLO 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 40 IND

Remarks: Subgen. Lactucopsis

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita corymbosa Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 434 (1822), nom. illeg.

= Cicerbita quercina (L.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 435 (1822)

= Hieracium quercinum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 104 (1906)

= Lactuca altissima (Pall.) M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Cauc. 2: 242 (1808)

= Lactuca armena Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 808 (1875)

= Lactuca augustana Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 435 (1879)

= Lactuca chaixii Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 33 (1779)

= Lactuca lipskyi Krasch.; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 353 (1937), nom. inval.

= Lactuca quercina subsp. chaixii (Vill.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 208 (1871)

= Lactuca quercina subsp. chaixii (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 1043 (1940)

= Lactuca quercina subsp. sagittata (Waldst. & Kit.) Soó & Jáv.; Magyar Növényvilág Kézikönyve 2: 723 (1951)

= Lactuca quercina subsp. stricta (Waldst. & Kit.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 6: 1128 (1928)

= Lactuca quercina var. chaixii (Vill.) Guin. & R.Vilm.; Fl. Fr. 4: 1559 (1982)

= Lactuca quercina var. integrifolia (Bogenh.) Bisch.; 206 (1851)

= Lactuca quercina var. pinnatifida Bisch.; 205 (1851)

= Lactuca sagittata Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 1: 1, t. 1 (1799)

= Lactuca stanekii Domin; Preslia 13-15: 251 (1935)

= Lactuca stricta var. heterophylla Bogenh.; 269 (1850)

= Lactuca stricta var. integrifolia Bogenh.; 269 (1850)

= Lactuca stricta var. runcinata Bogenh.; 269 (1850)

= Lactuca stricta Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 1: 47 (1800)

= Lactuca vialea Bellardi; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin) 10-11: 450 (1804)

= Lactucopsis altissima (Pall.) Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Ist. Venet. 15: (1870) 6

= Lactucopsis chaixii (Vill.) Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Ist. Venet. 15: (1870) 6

= Lactucopsis quercina (L.) Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Ist. Venet. 15: (1870) 7

= Mulgedium quercinum (L.) C.Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, 33(3): 432 (1975)

= Mulgedium quercinum var. integrifolium (Bogenh.) Karlsson; Svensk Bot. Tidskr, 91(5): 249 (1997 publ. 1998)

= Prenanthes altissima Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. 3(2): 655 (1776), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. wilhelmsiana (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.) Feráková; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. (Praha) 5: 420 (1970)]

Distribution: Montenegro; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan)

13 ALB BUL MNT ROM 14 UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca quercina var. rostrata Velen.

= Lactuca wilhelmsiana Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 134 (1838)

= Lactucopsis wilhelmsiana (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Ist. Venet. 15: (1870) 6

species :

Lactuca racemosa Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1524 (1803)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita racemosa (Willd.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 2: 122 (1910)

= Lactuca albana (Steven) C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. (C. A. Mey.). 56 (1831)

= Mulgedium albanum (Steven) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 249 (1838)

= Mulgedium armeniacum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 800 (1875)

= Mulgedium djimilense Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 800 (1875), orth. var.

= Mulgedium dshimilense K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 669 (1850)

= Mulgedium racemosum (Willd.) Grossh. & Schischk.; Sched. Herb. Pl. Or. Exsicc. 44 (1924)

= Sonchus albanus Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 4: 59 (1813)

= Sonchus sibiricus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 240 (1808), nom. illeg.

species :

Lactuca raddeana Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Sci. St.-Pet. 19: 526 (1874)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Vietnam

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca alliariifolia H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 8: 141 (1910)

= Lactuca elata Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 481 (1888)

= Lactuca nakaiana H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 8: 141 (1910)

= Lactuca raddeana var. elata (Hemsl.) Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 21: 52 (1947)

= Lactuca vaniotii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 100 (1913)

= Prenanthes hieracifolia H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 305 (1912)

= Pterocypsela elata (Hemsl.) C.Shih; Act. Phytotax. Sin. 26: 385 (1988)

= Pterocypsela raddeana (Maxim.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 386 (1988)

variant :

var. aogashimaensis (Kitam.) Katsuy.; Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci. 16: 32 (2011)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca ×aogashimaensis Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 269 (1942)

species :

Lactuca reviersii Litard. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 26: 22 (1930)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca reviersiana Litard. & Maire; Contrib. Etude Fl. Grand Atlas (Arch. Sci. Maroc), Fasc. II. 4 (1930)

species :

Lactuca rostrata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 349 (1891)

Distribution: India (Meghalaya, Sikkim)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Mulgedium rostratum (Blume) Sch.Bip.; Syst. Verz.: 125 (1855)

= Prenanthes rostrata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 836 (1826)

species :

Lactuca rosularis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 813 (1875)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts.)

32 TKM 34 IRN

species :

Lactuca sagittarioides C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 265 (1876)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Pakistan (Mirpur, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir); Myanmar (Kachin, Sagaing); Thailand

36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA

Remarks: phylogenetic position fide Zhang et al. 2023

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla sagittata Wall.; Numer. List no. 3270 (1831), nomen

= Ixeridium sagittarioides (C.B.Clarke) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 31(6): 538 (1993)

= Ixeris sagittarioides (C.B.Clarke) Stebbins; J. Bot. 75: 51. (1937)

= Ixeridium sagittarioides (C.B.Clarke) Pak & Kawano; Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Ser. Biol. 15: 48 (1992)

= Mycelis sagittarioides (C.B.Clarke) Sennikov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(5): 112 (1997)

species :

Lactuca saligna L.; Sp. Pl. 796 (1753)

Name: Weiden-Lattich (DE); Least Lettuce (EN)

Distribution: England; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (+Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, +Bayern, +Hessen, +Niedersachsen, +Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland [I], +Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades, Samothraki, Thasos, Limnos, Kithira); Crete; S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl.); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Psara, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Nejd Desert); Qatar [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Mexico [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]

10 GRB 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY MOR TUN 21 AZO 31 rfe 32 kaz 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 qat SAU 50 aus lhi 51 nzl 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 85 arg uru

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla crepoides Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyr. 462 (1813) non L. 1753

= Hieracium salignum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 110 (1906)

= Lactuca adulteriana Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 319 (1850)

= Lactuca angustifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 234 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Lactuca caucasica K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 275 (1843)

= Lactuca cracoviensis H.Buek ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 435 (1879)

= Lactuca cyanea K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 671 (1851)

= Lactuca salicifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 189 (1796)

= Lactuca saligna f. ruppiana (Wallr.) Hegi; 1127 (1928)

= Lactuca saligna f. wallrothii (Spreng.) Hegi; 1127 (1928)

= Lactuca saligna var. inermis Bluff & Fingerh.; 262 (1825)

= Lactuca saligna var. ruppiana Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 439 (1822)

= Lactuca saligna var. wallrothiana Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 439 (1822)

= Lactuca spiciformis Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 495 (1867)

= Lactuca tommasiniana Sch.Bip.; Flora 25(1, Beibl.): 160 (1842)

= Lactuca vanensis Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 16: 22 (1917 publ. 1918)

= Lactuca wallrothii Spreng.; Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 1: 53 (1813)

species :

Lactuca sativa L.; Sp. Pl. 795 (1753)

Name: Kopfsalat (DE); Lettuce (EN); Lechuga comun (ES)

Distribution: Only cultivated known, of uncertain origin; England [c]; Ireland [c]; Sweden [c]; Finland [c]; Netherlands [c]; Germany [c]; Switzerland [c]; Liechtenstein [c]; Austria [c]; Poland [c]; Czech Republic [c]; Slovakia [c]; Hungary [c]; Portugal [c]; Spain [c]; Baleares (Mallorca); France [c]; Corsica [c]; Sardinia [c]; Italy [c]; Sicily [c]; Malta [c]; Slovenia [c]; Croatia [c]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [c]; Montenegro [c]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; North Macedonia [c]; Albania [c]; Romania [c]; Bulgaria [c]; European Turkey; S-European Russia [c]; Estonia [c]; Latvia [c]; Lithuania [c]; Belarus [c]; C-European Russia [c]; E-European Russia [c]; N-European Russia [c]; NW-European Russia [c]; Moldova [c]; Ukraine [c]; Crimea [c]; Morocco [c]; Algeria [c]; Tunisia [c]; Libya [c]; Egypt [c]; Madeira [c] (Madeira Isl. [c]); Canary Isl. [c] (Lanzarote [c], Fuerteventura [c], Tenerife [c], La Palma Isl. [c]); Cape Verde Isl. [c] (Santo Antao Isl. [c]); Mauritania [c]; Burkina Faso [c]; Benin [c]; Cameroon [c]; Chad [c]; Mauritius [c]; La Réunion [c]; Russian Far East [c]; Kazakhstan [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; Northern Caucasus [c]; Georgia [Caucasus] [c]; Armenia [c]; Azerbaijan; Turkey [c]; Cyprus [c]; Lebanon [c]; Syria [c]; China [c]; South Korea [c]; Taiwan [c]; Pakistan [c]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [c]; India [c] (widespread); Bangladesh [c]; Myanmar [c]; Cambodia [c]; Vietnam [c]; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; New Zealand [c]; Auckland Isl. [c]; Rotuma Isl. [c]; Niue [c]; Fiji [c]; Cook Isl. [c]; Austral Isl. [c] (Tubuai [c]); Guam [c]; Fed. States of Micronesia [c] (Pohnpei [c]); Marshall Isl. [c] (Kwajalein [c]); Wake Isl. [c]; Hawaii [c] (Kauai [c], Molokai [c], Oahu [c], Lanai [c], Maui [c], Hawaii Isl. [c]); Canada [c] (Ontario [c]); USA [c] (Alabama [c], California [c], Connecticut [c], Delaware [c], District of Columbia [c], Idaho [c], Illinois [c], Indiana [c], Maine [c], Massachusetts [c], Michigan [c], Missouri [c], New Hampshire [c], New Jersey [c], New Mexico [c], New York [c], North Carolina [c], North Dakota [c], Ohio [c], Oklahoma [c], Oregon [c], Pennsylvania [c], Rhode Island [c], Vermont [c], Washington [c], West Virginia [c]); Mexico [c]; Guatemala [c]; Belize [c]; El Salvador [c]; Honduras [c]; Nicaragua [c]; Costa Rica [c]; Panama [c]; Cuba [c]; Jamaica [c]; Dominican Republic [c]; Haiti [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Trinidad & Tobago [c]; Colombia [c]; Ecuador [c]; Bolivia [c]; Argentina [c]; Chile [c]

10 fin grb ire swe 11 aut cze ger hun lie net pol slo swi 12 BAL cor fra por sar spa 13 alb bih bul cro ita kos mlt mnt nma rom sic slv SRB TUE 14 blr est kry lat lit mld rus ukr 20 alg egy lby mor tun 21 cny cvi mdr 22 ben bkn mtn 23 cmn 24 cha 29 mau reu 31 rfe 32 kaz uzb 33 arm AZE geo ncs 34 cyp leb syr tur 36 chi 38 kor tai 40 ban bhu ind nep pak 41 cbd mya vie 42 jaw phi 51 auc nzl 60 fij nue rot 61 aui coo 62 gum mic mrs wak 63 haw 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos els gua hon nic pan 81 cub his jam pue trt 82 clm 83 bol ecu 85 arg cle

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca capitata (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 138 (1838)

= Lactuca capitata Garsault; Descr. Pl. Anim. 196 (1767), Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. 8: 791

= Lactuca cracoviensis Sawicz.; 60 (1840)

= Lactuca cracoviensis var. praecox Sawicz.; 62, tab. I (1840)

= Lactuca cracoviensis var. serotina Sawicz.; 62, 63, tab. II (1840)

= Lactuca crispa (L.) Roth; Bot. Abh. Beobacht.: 24 (1787)

= Lactuca esculenta Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 180 (1796)

= Lactuca integrata A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mts. 596 (1909)

= Lactuca integrifolia Bigelow; Fl. Boston., ed. 2, 287 (1824)

= Lactuca laciniata Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 96 (1797)

= Lactuca sativa convar. asparagina L.H.Bailey ex Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 107 (1993) (nom. nov.)

= Lactuca sativa f. capitata (L.) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 243 (1922)

= Lactuca sativa f. crispa (L.) Vollm.; 778 (1914)

= Lactuca sativa f. laciniata (Roth) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 243 (1922)

= Lactuca sativa f. longifolia (Lam.) Vollm.; 778 (1914)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. acephala Alef.; 185 (1866)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. capitata (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 512 (1834)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. crispa (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 513 (1834)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. minii Hadidi; Followers of Horus: 325 (1992)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. romana Spielm. ex Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 512 (1834)

= Lactuca sativa var. acephala Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 95 (1836)

= Lactuca sativa var. angustana Irish; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 2: 867 (1900)

= Lactuca sativa var. angustana Thorsrud & Reisæter; 61 (1948), nom. inval.

= Lactuca sativa var. asparagina L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 2: 166 (1930), nom. superfl.

= Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.; Sp. Pl.: 795 (1753)

= Lactuca sativa var. crispa L.; Sp. Pl.: 795 (1753)

= Lactuca sativa var. foliosa Thorsrud & Reisæter; 61 (1948), nom. inval.

= Lactuca sativa var. laciniata Merrem; 357 (1809)

= Lactuca sativa var. longifolia Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 35 (1829)

= Lactuca sativa var. planifolia Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 417 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Lactuca sativa var. romana Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 35 (1829)

= Lactuca sativa var. spinosa Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 95 (1836)

= Lactuca sativa var. yemensis X.S.Shen & Run L.Lu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 18: 32 (1998)

= Lactuca scariola subsp. sativa (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 187 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca scariola var. hortensis Bisch.; 190 (1851)

= Lactuca scariola var. integrata Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 320 (1850)

= Lactuca scariola var. integrifolia (Bogenh.) Beck

= Lactuca scariola var. laciniata (Roth) Bisch.; 190 (1851)

= Lactuca scariola var. sativa (L.) Bisch.; 190 (1851)

= Lactuca scariola var. sativa (L.) Moris; Fl. Sardoa 2: 531 (1843)

species :

Lactuca scarioloides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 11: 49 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Takhar)

34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca kotschyana Reut.; Cat. Hort. Genev. 4 (1867)

species :

Lactuca schulzeana Büttn.; Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 31: 72 (1889)

Distribution: Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia

23 CMN CON ZAI 26 ANG ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca macroseris Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1: 620 (1898)

species :

Lactuca schweinfurthii Oliv. & Hiern; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 452 (1877)

Distribution: Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; South Sudan; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi

23 BUR CMN ZAI 24 SSU 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW ZAM

species :

Lactuca serriola L.; Cent. Pl. 2: 29 (1756)

Name: Kompass-Lattich (DE); Prickly Lettuce (EN); Escarola (ES)

Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades, Thasos, Samothraki, Kithira, Ionian Isl.); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); S-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Nile Delta, Nile Valley); Azores (Graciosa, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Zimbabwe [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Lesotho [I]; Seychelles [I]; Siberia (Altai, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur [I], Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Transcaucasus; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Qatar [I]; Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Baltistan); N-India (Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh); Vietnam; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I]); Tristan da Cunha [I]

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 24 ERI ETH SOM SUD 26 zim 27 bot les nam saf 29 sey 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 qat SAU YEM 36 CHI 37 MON 38 kor tai 40 IND PAK 41 VIE 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 81 his 83 bol 84 bra 85 arg cle par uru 91 tdc

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Hieracium lactuca E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 108 (1906), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca albicaulis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 809 (1875)

= Lactuca altaica Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 11: 73 (1846)

= Lactuca angustifolia Lam. ex Steud.; Nom. ed. I. 460 (1821)

= Lactuca auriculata Aitch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 173 (1882)

= Lactuca bracteata Wall.; Numer. List no. 3243 (1831), nomen

= Lactuca coriacea Sch.Bip.; Linnaea 15: 725 (1842)

= Lactuca elata Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 180 (1796)

= Lactuca latifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 234 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Lactuca officinarum Crantz; Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 227 (1766)

= Lactuca plicata Balb.; Cat. Hort. Taur. 45 (1813)

= Lactuca sativa subsp. serriola (L.) Frietema; Cult. Pl. & Wild Fl.: 148 (1996)

= Lactuca scariola f. vulgaris Bisch.; 189 (1851), nom. inval.

= Lactuca scariola L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2.: 1119 (1763), nom. superfl.

= Lactuca scariola subsp. augustanae (All.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 424 (1882)

= Lactuca scariola var. caesia Pers.; 364 (1807)

= Lactuca scariola var. dubia (Jord.) St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 495 (1889)

= Lactuca scariola var. nieuwlandii Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 171, 176 (1912)

= Lactuca scariola var. sanguinea H.Mart.; 135 (1817)

= Lactuca scariola var. sylvestris Bisch.; 189 (1851), nom. inval.

= Lactuca scariola var. vulgaris Jess.; 15 (1879), nom. inval.

= Lactuca serriola subvar. plicata Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 46 (1926)

= Lactuca serriola f. serriola (Gray) S.D.Prince & R.N.Carter; Watsonia 11: 337 (1977)

= Lactuca sylvestris Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 316 (1764), Descr. Pl. Anim. 197 (1767), Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. 8: 791

= Lactuca sylvestris Lam.; Fl. Franç. 2: 84 (1779)

= Lactuca sylvestris Tragus ex Lam.; Fl. Franc. 2: 84 (1779)

= Lactuca tephrocarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 672 (1851)

= Lactuca verticalis Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montauban: 138 (1789)

= Lactuca virosa Lucé; Topogr. Nachr. Oesel: 260 (1823), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca virosa var. scariola (L.) Desv.; 124 (1818)

= Wiestia spectabilis Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

form :

f. integrifolia (J.Becker) Hegi; 1118 (1928)

Distribution: scattered in the range of the nominate form

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca augustana All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 224 (1785)

= Lactuca dubia Jord.; Pugill. Pl. Nov. 119 (1852)

= Lactuca integrata (Gren. & Godr.) A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt.: 596 (1909)

= Lactuca pseudovirosa Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 435 (1879), nom. inval.

= Lactuca scariola f. augustana (All.) Vollm.; 778 (1914)

= Lactuca scariola f. integrifolia Bisch.; 189 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca scariola subsp. integrata (Gren. & Godr.) Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 549 (1906)

= Lactuca scariola var. augustana (All.) Asch.; 93 (1859)

= Lactuca scariola var. integrifolia (Gray) Bogenh.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 265 (1825)

= Lactuca serriola f. integrifolia (Gray) S.D.Prince & R.N.Carter; Watsonia 11: 337 (1977)

= Lactuca serriola subsp. integrifolia (Gray) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins (2010), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca serriola var. integrata Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 46 (1926)

= Lactuca sylvestris var. integrifolia (Gray) Dumort.; Fl. Belg.: 60 (1827)

= Lactuca virosa var. augustana (All.) Desv.; 124 (1818)

= Lactuca virosa var. integrifolia Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 417 (1821 publ. 1822)

species :

Lactuca setosa Stebbins ex C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 444 (1966)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM ZIM

species :

Lactuca sibirica (L.) Benth. ex Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 19: 528 (1874)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; Estonia; Latvia [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang); Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido)

10 FIN NOR SWE 14 BLR EST lat RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus sibiricus (L.) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 310 (1828-1829 publ. 1829)

= Lagedium sibiricum (L.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 34 (1961)

= Mulgedium kamtschaticum Ledeb.; Denkschr. Bayer. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 3: 65 (1841)

= Mulgedium sibiricum (L.) Less.; Syn. Gen. Compos. 142 (1832)

= Sonchus maritimus Pall. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 843 (1846), nom. inval.

= Sonchus sibiricus L.; Sp. Pl. 795 (1753)

species :

Lactuca sonchifolia Vis. & Pancic; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ver. Wien 6: 559 (1856)

Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of NW- and NC-Greece)

13 BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB TUE

Remarks: Subgen. Lactucopsis

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita sonchifolia (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 130 (1910)

= Lactuca aurea (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) Stebbins; J. Bot. (London) 75: 14 (1937)

= Lactuca visianii Bornm.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f. 20: 29 (1905)

= Lactucopsis aurea Sch.Bip. ex Vis.; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 15: 7 (1870)

= Mulgedium aureum Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 15: 7 (1870)

= Mulgedium sonchifolium Vis. & Pancic; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 15: 5 (1870)

= Mulgedium velenovskyi Urum.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 49: 201 (1899)

= Mycelis aurea (Sch.Bip. ex Vis. & Pancic) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 119 (1949)

= Mycelis sonchifolia (Vis. & Pancic) Hayek; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 99: 211 (1924)

species :

Lactuca songeensis C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 448 (1966)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania

23 ZAI 25 TAN

species :

Lactuca soongarica Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: (1867) II. 174

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Parwan, Takhar)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus soongaricus (Regel) Kovalevsk.; Fl. Uzbekist. 6: 491 (1962)

= Cicerbita songarica (Regel) Krasch.; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., Ser. I. Fasc. 4, 294 (1937)

= Cicerbita unicostata Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 17: 35 (1957)

= Steptorhamphus soongoricus (Regel) Sennikov; Komarovia 5(1): 47 (2007)

species :

Lactuca spinidens Nevski; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., Ser. I. Fasc. 4, 294 (1937)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan

32 TKM UZB

species :

Lactuca stebbinsii N.Kilian; Willdenowia 31(1): 76 (2001)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

species :

Lactuca stipulata Stebbins; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 14: 342 (1937)

Distribution: Rwanda

23 RWA

species :

Lactuca takhtadzhianii Sosn.; Soob. Akad. Nauk. Gruz. SSR. Tbilisi 2 7: 653, t. 655 (1941)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus takhtadzhianii (Sosn.) Kirp.; Kom., Fl. U.R.S.S. 29: 349 (1964)

= Zollikoferiastrum takhtadzhianii (Sosn.) Kamelin; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 10: 628 (1993)

species :

Lactuca tatarica (L.) C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 56 (1831)

Name: Tataren-Lattich (DE)

Distribution: England [I]; Northern Ireland [I]; Ireland [I]; Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Slovakia; Channel Isl. [I]; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; S-European Russia; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; W-European Russia [I] (Kaliningrad region [I]); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Parwan, Samangan); China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Baltistan, Gilgit, Chitral); NW-India (Ladakh, Nubra, Zanskar, Rupshu, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

10 den fin grb ire nor swe 11 aut ger net pol SLO swi 12 cis 13 BUL ROM TUE 14 blr est KRY lat lit MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Agathyrsus tataricus (L.) D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 1828 310 (1829)

= Crepis charbonnelii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 100 (1913)

= Lactuca canadensis var. integrifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Farw.; Asa Gray Bull. 3: 22 (1895)

= Lactuca clarkei Hook.f.; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 406 (1881)

= Lactuca multipes H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 6: 331 (1909)

= Lactuca tatarica f. stevensii B.Boivin; Phytologia 23: 125 (1972)

= Lactuca tatarica var. integra (Regel) Feráková; Gen. Lactuca L. in Eur.: 52 (1977)

= Lactuca tatarica var. tibetica Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 406 (1881)

= Lagedium tataricum (L.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 34 (1961), in obs. (1961)

= Mulgedium alataicum C.H.An; Fl. Xinjiangensis 5: 480 (1999)

= Mulgedium aurora Sch.Bip. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 433 (1879)

= Mulgedium roborovskii Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 92(11): 1753 (2007)

= Mulgedium runcinatum Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 33: 296 (1824), nom. superfl.

= Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC.; Prodr. 248 (1838)

= Mulgedium tataricum f. albiflorum Q.Zhu; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 29(1): 195 (2009)

= Mulgedium tataricum var. integrum Regel

= Mulgedium tataricum var. polyphyllum Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 93 (2009)

= Sonchus lactucoides Bunge; Mem. Sav. Etr. Petersb. 2: (1835) 114 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 40)

= Sonchus tataricus L.; Mant. Pl. 2: 572 (1771)

= Sonchus volhynicus Besser ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 433 (1879)

= Wiestia tatarica (L.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca tenerrima Pourr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse 3: 321 (1788)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca); France; Morocco

11 ger 12 ADO BAL FRA GIB SPA 20 MOR

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita tenerrima (Pourr.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve Ser. II. 2: 136 (1910)

= Lactuca perennis subsp. tenerrima (Pourr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 187 (1894)

= Lactuca segusiana Balb.; Elenco: 94 (1801)

= Wiestia tenerrima (Pourr.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca tetrantha B.L.Burtt & P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 105 (1949)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains)

34 CYP

Remarks: Subgen. Scariola

Synonyms: hidden

= Scariola tetrantha (B.L.Burtt & P.H.Davis) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

species :

Lactuca thianschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) Sennikov; Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Tian-Shan 401 (2021)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita thianschanica (Regel & Schmalh.) Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve 2: 123 (1910)

= Mulgedium thianschanicum Regel & Schmalh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6(2): 329 (1880)

species :

Lactuca tinctociliata I.M.Johnst.; Contrib. Gray Herb. n. s. 75: 25 (1925)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status doubtful

species :

Lactuca triangulata Maxim.; Prim. Fl. Amur. 177 (1859)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (C-Honshu); Vietnam

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca triangulata var. sachalinensis Kitam.

= Pterocypsela triangulata (Maxim.) C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin., 26(5): 386 (1988)

species :

Lactuca tuberosa Jacq.; Hort. Bot. Vindob. 1: 18, t. 47 (1770)

Name: Knollen-Lattich (DE); Tuberous Lettuce (EN)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece (mostly lowlands, incl. Kiklades, Samothraki, Thasos, Kithira, Andikithira, Ionian Isl.); Crete (widespread, incl. Gavdos); Ukraine; Crimea; Tunisia; ?Libya; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Oman (Dhofar)

13 BUL GRC KRI NMA 14 KRY UKR 20 TUN 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 OMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Cephalorrhynchus candolleanus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 820 (1875) (nom. illeg.)

= Lactuca cretica Desf.; Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 11: 160, t. 19 (1808)

= Lactuca leucophaea Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 2(1): 127 (1813)

= Lactuca petraea Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; DC. Prod. 7: 134 (1838)

= Lactuca sonchifolia Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 3: 1530 (1803)

= Mikania floridana F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufs. 1: 272 (1795)

= Sonchus tuberosus L.; Syst. Veg. ed. 13.: 594 (1774)

= Steptorhamphus linczevskii Kirp.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 22: 318 (1963)

= Steptorhamphus petraeus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 4: 258 (1934)

= Steptorhamphus tuberosus (Jacq.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavk. 4: 258 (1934)

= Steptorhamphus tuberosus subsp. petraeus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Takht.; Takht. & Fed. Fl. Erevana: 309 (1972)

= Wiestia tuberosa (Jacq.) Sch.Bip.; Jahrb. Pract. Pharm. Verwandte Fächer 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca tysonii (E.Phillips) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 438 (1966)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Sonchus scapiforme Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 66: 253 (1921)

= Sonchus tysonii Phil.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 263 (1911)

species :

Lactuca ugandensis C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 446 (1966)

Distribution: Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Uganda

23 BUR CMN ZAI 25 UGA

species :

Lactuca undulata Ledeb.; Ic. Pl. Fl. Ross. 2: 12 (1830), et Fl. Alt. 4: 156 (1833)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Samangan, Takhar); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Israel (Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral, Pakistani Punjab, etc.); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca undulata var. albicaulis C.H.An; Fl. Xinjiangensis 5: 480 (1999)

= Lactuca undulata var. pinnatipartita Turcz.

= Lactucella undulata (Ledeb.) Nazarova; Biol. Zhurn. Arm., 43(3): 182 (1990)

species :

Lactuca variabilis Bornm.; Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ver. 20: 27 (1905)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Cicerbita variabilis (Bornm.) Bornm.; Feddes Repert. Beih. 89: 407 (1944)

species :

Lactuca viminea (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cechica 160 (1819)

subspecies :

subsp. viminea

Name: Ruten-Lattich (DE); Pliant Lettuce (EN); Lechuga de burro (ES)

Distribution: England; Germany (+Sachsen); Switzerland; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares (Mallorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mostly mountains, rare Kiklades, Samothraki, Thasos, Limnos); Crete (rare); S-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; ?Morocco; Canary Isl. (La Palma Isl., Gran Canaria); Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Nisyros, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Chitral, Drosh); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh)

10 GRB 11 AUT CZE GER HUN SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 21 CNY 32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Phoenixopus

Synonyms: hidden

= Chondrilla ramosissima (All.) Zeyh. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 176 (1838)

= Chondrilla sessiliflora Lam.; Fl. Franc. 2: 104 (1779)

= Chondrilla viminea (L.) Lam.; Encyc. 2: 27 (1786)

= Hieracium vimineum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 106 (1906)

= Lactuca chondrilliflora subsp. contracta Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2(1): 189 (1889)

= Lactuca decorticata Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 216 (1775)

= Lactuca grenieri (Rouy) Loret ex A.W.Hill & E.Salisb.; Index Kew., Suppl. 10: 126 (1947)

= Lactuca ramosissima (All.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 318 (1850)

= Lactuca viminea f. integrifolia (Lamt.) V.Ferakova; Gen. Lactuca Eur.: 46 (1977)

= Lactuca viminea subsp. ramosissima (All.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 424 (1882)

= Lactuca viminea subsp. ramosissima (All.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 17 (1973), isonym

= Lactuca viminea subsp. ramosissima (Gren. & Godr.) Bonnier; Fl. Compl. Fr. 6: 79 (1923)

= Lactuca viminea var. grenieri Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 9: 196 (1905)

= Lactuca viminea var. ramosissima (All.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 1044 (1940)

= Phaenixopus decurrens Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 39: 391 (1826), nom. superfl.

= Phaenixopus ramosissimus (All.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 39: 392 (1827)

= Phaenixopus vimineus (L.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 272 (1831)

= Prenanthes decurrens Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 953 (Index) (1866)

= Prenanthes ramosissima All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 226. t. 33 (1785)

= Prenanthes viminea L.; Sp. Pl. 797 (1753)

= Scariola ramosissima (All.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

= Scariola viminea (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufs. 1: 270 (1795)

subspecies :

subsp. chondrilliflora (Boreau) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl., ed. 8 [A. Cariot] 2: 495 (1888)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

12 FRA POR SPA 13 CRO ITA 20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Lactuca chondrilliflora Boreau; Fl. Centre France ed. 2, 312 (1849)

= Lactuca contracta Velen. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 189 (1889), Bornm. in Bot. Centralbl. 36: (1888)89

= Lactuca lutea Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 495 (1867)

= Lactuca numidica Batt.; Batt. & Trab. Fl. de l´Alger. (Dicot.) (1889) 553, et Append. 2: 14, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 36: 403 (1889)

= Lactuca pomeliana Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 9: 197 (1905)

= Lactuca viminea proles chondrilliflora (Boreau) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 9: 196 (1905)

= Lactuca viminea subsp. chondrilliflora (Boreau) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 6: 79 (1923)

= Lactuca viminea subsp. chondrilliflora (Jord. ex Boreau) Bonnier; Fl. Compl. Fr. 6: 79 (1923), isonym

= Lactuca viminea var. chondrilliflora (Boreau) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 1044 (1940)

= Lactuca viminea var. chondrilliflora (Jord. ex Boreau) Cariot & St.-Lag.

= Lactuca viminea var. contracta (Velen.) V.Ferakova; Gen. Lactuca Eur.: 43 (1977)

= Lactuca viminea var. numidica (Batt.) Maire

= Lactuca viminea var. pomelia Emb. & Maire

= Phaenixopus chondrilliflorus (Jord. ex Boreau) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 102 (1869)

= Scariola chondrilliflora (Jord. ex Boreau) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

= Scariola contracta (Velen.) Soják; Novit. Bot. & Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag., 46 (1962)

species :

Lactuca virosa L.; Sp. Pl. 795 (1753)

Name: Gift-Lattich (DE)

Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares (Mallorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; North Macedonia; Romania; N-Greece; Morocco; Algeria; Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I]); Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I])

10 GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM GER LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 CRO GRC ITA MLT NMA ROM SIC SLV 20 ALG MOR 21 MDR 51 nzl 76 usa 78 usa 85 cle

Remarks: Subgen. Lactuca

Synonyms: hidden

= Hieracium virosum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 107 (1906), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca agrestis Bubani; Fl. Pyrenees 2: 113 (1899)

= Lactuca ambigua Schrad.; Cat. Hort. Gotting.: ? (1834)

= Lactuca cornigera Pau & Font Quer; Iter Marocc., No. 476 (1930). (1929)

= Lactuca flavida Jord.; Cat. Jard. Dijon 26 (1848)

= Lactuca lactucarii (Lamotte) Lamotte; Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. 7: 271 (1880)

= Lactuca livida Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Voy. Bot. Midi Esp. 2: 742 (1845)

= Lactuca patersonii Menezes; Fl. Madeira: 103 (1914)

= Lactuca romana Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 315 (1764), Descr. Pl. Anim. 196 (1767), Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. 8: 791

= Lactuca scariola proles virosa (L.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 9: 199 (1905)

= Lactuca scariola subsp. virosa (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 187 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Lactuca scariola subsp. virosa (L.) Maire & Petitm.; Bull. Séances Soc. Sci. Nancy, sér. 3, 9: 379 (1908)

= Lactuca scariola var. flavida (Jord.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 320 (1850)

= Lactuca scariola var. lactucarii (Lamotte) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 9: 199 (1905)

= Lactuca schimperi Jord.; Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr.: 119 (1852)

= Lactuca serratifolia Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 655 (1927), nom. inval.

= Lactuca sinuata Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 215 (1775)

= Lactuca virosa f. lactucarii (Lamotte) P.D.Sell; P. D. Sell & G. Murrell, 532 (2006)

= Lactuca virosa subsp. cornigera (Pau & Font Quer) Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 198 (1932)

= Lactuca virosa subsp. livida (Boiss. & Reut.) Ladero & A.Velasco; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38: 316 (1981)

= Lactuca virosa var. flavida (Jord.) St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 495 (1889)

= Wiestia virosa (L.) Sch.Bip.; Herb. & Winckl. Jahrb. Pharm. 4: 154 (1841)

species :

Lactuca watsoniana Trel.; Ann. Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 8: 127 (1897)

Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial)

21 AZO

Remarks: Subgen. Lactucopsis

species :

Lactuca winkleri Kirp.; Kom., Fl. U.R.S.S. 29: 285 (1964), nom. nov.

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan

32 KGZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Mulgedium longifolium Winkl.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 11: 337 (1890)

= Sonchus longifolius (C.Winkl.) Kamelin; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 10: 144 (1993), homonym

species :

Lactuca yemensis Deflers; Voy. Yemen 160 (1889)

Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen)

35 YEM

species :

Lactuca zambeziaca C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 450 (1966)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia

23 ZAI 26 ANG ZAM

species :

Lactuca ×dichotoma Simonk.; Nagyv rad Természetrajza: 114 (1890)

Distribution: Europe

Remarks: Lactuca saligna x L. serriola

species :

Lactuca ×mansuensis Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 8: 74 (1919)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pterocypsela ×mansuensis (Hayata) C.I Peng; Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 4: 1045 (1998)

species :

Lactuca ×morssii B.L.Rob.; Rhodora, 12 (1899)

Distribution: USA (Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, Maine, Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Lactuca biennis x canadensis

Loading ...

Prev genus

Top

Next genus

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (12)

Genus (1753)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (12)

Genus (1753)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species, 8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms, in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]