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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

174.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12074; hybrids: 386
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; J. Sadler, Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 8, 268 (1827)
174.5109 Genus Secale L.; Sp. Pl.: 84 (1753)
Distribution: Mediterranean, Southeast Europe, South Africa (1), Southwest, West, and Middle Asia. Due to the long cultivation, the taxonomy is very messy regarding the cultivars.
Species listed in database: 9
= Gramen Ség.; Pl. Veron. 3: 145 (1754), nom. illeg. superfl.
species :
Secale africanum Stapf; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 27: t. 2601 (1899)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale montanum subsp. africanum (Stapf) Kobyl.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selek. 79: 31 (1983)
= Secale strictum subsp. africanum (Stapf) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 35: 142 (1987)
species :
Secale anatolicum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 5: 76 (1844)
Distribution: Greece; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
13 GRC 33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale anatolicum var. daralagesii (Tumananow) N.R.Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 44(1): 29 (1971), basionym nom. inval.
= Secale cereale var. anatolicum (Boiss.) Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(II): 286 (1869)
= Secale cereale var. perennans Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza, ed. 2, 1: 345 (1939), no Latin descr.
= Secale daralagesii Tumananow; Sovetsk. Bot. 1938(6): 101 (1938), no Latin descr.
= Secale montanum subsp. anatolicum (Boiss.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 46 (1973)
= Secale montanum subsp. rhodopaeum (Delip.) Kozuharov; Opred. Vissh. Rast. Bulg.: 786 (1992)
= Secale montanum var. anatolicum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 670 (1884)
= Secale rhodopaeum Delip.; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 1962: 4 (1962)
= Secale strictum subsp. anatolicum (Boiss.) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 35: 140 (1987)
species :
Secale cereale L.; Sp. Pl. 84 (1753)
Name: Rye (EN); Saat-Roggen (DE); Centeno (ES)
Distribution: Germany [c]; Slovakia [c]; Hungary [c]; Slovenia [c]; Croatia [c]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [c]; Estonia [c]; Latvia [c]; Lithuania [c]; Belarus [c]; European Russia; Morocco [c]; Algeria [c]; Libya [c]; Canary Isl. [c] (Gran Canaria [c], Hierro [c]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kamchatka [I], Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan [c]; Turkmenistan [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; Kyrgyzstan [c]; Tajikistan [c]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iraq [c] (NE-Iraq [c]); Iran [c] (N-Iran [c], Iranian Aserbaijan [c]); Afghanistan [c]; Syria [c] (C-Syrian Desert [c]); China [c]; Mongolia; South Korea [c]; Pakistan [c]; India [c]; Bangladesh [c]; Java [c]; Australia [c] (Western Australia [c], South Australia [c], Queensland [c], New South Wales [c], Victoria [c], Tasmania [c]); New Zealand [c]; Alaska [c]; Greenland [c]; Canada [c] (Yukon [c], N.W.T. [c], British Columbia [c], Alberta [c], Saskatchewan [c], Manitoba [c], Ontario [c], ?Québec [c], New Brunswick [c]); USA [c] (Washington [c], Oregon [c], California [c], Nevada [c], Idaho [c], Montana [c], Wyoming [c], Utah [c], Colorado [c], Arizona [c], New Mexico [c], North Dakota [c], South Dakota [c], Nebraska [c], Kansas [c], Oklahoma [c], Texas [c], Minnesota [c], Iowa [c], Missouri [c], Arkansas [c], Louisiana [c], Wisconsin [c], Illinois [c], Michigan [c], Indiana [c], Ohio [c], Kentucky [c], Tennessee [c], Mississippi [c], Alabama [c], Georgia [c], Florida [c], South Carolina [c], North Carolina [c], West Virginia [c], Virginia [c], Maryland [c], Delaware [c], New York [c], Pennsylvania [c], New Jersey [c], Vermont [c], New Hampshire [c], Connecticut [c], Massachusetts [c], Rhode Island [c], Maine [c]); Mexico [c]; Costa Rica [c]; Colombia [c]; Ecuador [c]; Peru [c]; Brazil [c]; Uruguay [c]; Argentina [c]
11 ger hun slo 13 bih cro slv 14 blr est lat lit RUS 20 alg lby mor 21 cny 31 rfe 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 afg irn irq syr 36 chi 37 MON 38 kor 40 ban ind pak 42 jaw 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos 82 clm 83 ecu per 84 bra 85 arg uru
Remarks: it makes no sense to taxonomically separate the various cultivars
Synonyms: hidden
= Frumentum secale E.H.L.Krause; Bot. Centralbl. 73: 339 (1898), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Secale aestivum Uspenski; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 7: 368 (1834), nom. nud.
= Secale ancestrale (Zhuk.) Zhuk.; La Turquie Agricole: 274 (1933)
= Secale ancestrale var. aidinum Zhuk.; La Turquie Agricole: 274 (1933)
= Secale ancestrale var. arenosum Zhuk.; La Turquie Agricole: 274 (1933)
= Secale ancestrale var. karaburun Zhuk.; La Turquie Agricole: 274 (1933)
= Secale ancestrale var. spontaneum Zhuk.; La Turquie Agricole: 274 (1933)
= Secale arundinaceum Trautv.; Schilfroggen: 1, 2 (1840)
= Secale cereale f. brevispicatum (Waisb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 120 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Secale cereale f. montaniforme (Waisb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 120 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Secale cereale subsp. aestivum Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 43 (1834)
= Secale cereale subsp. ancestrale Zhuk.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19(2): 54 (1928)
= Secale cereale subsp. indoeuropaeum Antropov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 36: 128 (1929)
= Secale cereale subsp. rigidum Antropov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 36: 128 (1929)
= Secale cereale subsp. tetraploidum Kobyl.; Byull. Vses. Ord. Lenina Inst. Rast. N. I. Vavilova 48: 68 (1975)
= Secale cereale subsp. tsitsinii Kobyl.; Byull. Vses. Ord. Lenina Inst. Rast. N. I. Vavilova 48: 68 (1975)
= Secale cereale var. aestivum (Schübl. & G.Martens) Alef.; Landw. Fl.: 339 (1866), isonym
= Secale cereale var. aestivum (Schübl. & G.Martens) Wirtg.; 209 (1841), nom. illeg.
= Secale cereale var. ancestrale (Zhuk.) Kit Tan; Fl. Turkey & E. Aegaean Is. 9: 259 (1985)
= Secale cereale var. arduennense Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 29 (1825)
= Secale cereale var. arundinaceum (Trautv.) Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 568 (1846)
= Secale cereale var. biflorum Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 568 (1846)
= Secale cereale var. compositum Koeler; Descr. Gramin.: 368 (1802)
= Secale cereale var. fuscum Körn.; 6 (1873), nom. inval.
= Secale cereale var. hybernum Aiton; Hort. Kew. 1: 118 (1789)
= Secale cereale var. multicaule Metzg. ex Alef.; Landw. Fl.: 338 (1866)
= Secale cereale var. ramosum Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: 568 (1846)
= Secale cereale var. spontaneum Zhuk.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19(2): 54 (1928)
= Secale cereale var. triflorum Döll; 122 (1855)
= Secale cereale var. triflorum Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 225 (1825)
= Secale cereale var. vernum Aiton; Hort. Kew. 2: 118 (1789)
= Secale cereale var. vernum Kunth; Enum. Pl. 1: 449 (1833)
= Secale cereale var. vernum L.; Sp. Pl.: 84 (1753)
= Secale compositum Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 7: 54 (1806), pro syn.
= Secale creticum Sieber ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 1: 449 (1833), pro syn.
= Secale hybernum Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 7: 54 (1806), pro syn.
= Secale montanum subsp. balcanum (Gancev) Kozuharov; Opred. Vissh. Rast. Bulg.: 786 (1992), basionym nom. inval.
= Secale montanum var. balcanum Gancev; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Bulg. 1: 486 (1963), no type.
= Secale sibiricum Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 714 (1800), nom. nud.
= Secale spontaneum Fisch. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot.: 757 (1821), pro syn.
= Secale strictum subsp. balcanum (Gancev) Valdés & H.Scholz; Willdenowia 36(2): 661 (2006)
= Secale triflorum P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr.: 105, 178 (1812)
= Secale turkestanicum Bensin; Bull. Torrey Bot. Cl. 60: 156 (1933)
= Secale vernum Poir.; Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 264 (1826)
= Triticum cereale (L.) Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 27 (1796)
= Triticum cereale f. brevispicatum Waisb.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 7: 43 (1908)
= Triticum cereale var. montaniforme Waisb.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 7: 42 (1908)
= Triticum cereale var. triflorum (Döll) Asch.; 871 (1864)
= Triticum ramosum Weigel; Diss. Hort. Gryph.: 10 (1782)
= Triticum secale Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 183 (1833), nom. illeg. superfl.
species :
Secale ciliatoglume (Boiss.) Grossh.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Selekt. 13 2: 472 (1924)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale anatolicum var. ciliatoglume (Boiss.) Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selek. 44(1): 29 (1971)
= Secale montanum var. ciliatoglume Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 670 (1884)
= Secale strictum subsp. ciliatoglume (Boiss.) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 35: 140 (1987)
= Secale strictum var. ciliatoglume (Boiss.) Fred. & G.Petersen; Nordic J. Bot. 18: 409 (1998)
species :
Secale iranicum Kobyl.; Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 48: 67 (1975)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Secale segetale (Zhuk.) Roshev.; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS ser. 1, fasc. 6: 143 (1947)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Quetta, Kurram, Dir, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale afghanicum (Vavilov) Roshev.; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS, Ser. 1, Fasc. 6, 139 (1947)
= Secale ancestrale var. afghanicum (Vavilov) N.R.Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selek. 44(1): 32 (1971)
= Secale ancestrale var. dighoricum (Vavilov) N.R.Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 44(1): 33 (1971)
= Secale cereale subsp. afghanicum (Vavilov) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 35: 146 (1987)
= Secale cereale subsp. dighoricum Vavilov; Prezidentu V. L. Komarovu: 173 (1939 publ. 1940)
= Secale cereale subsp. segetale (Zhuk.) Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selek. 44(1): 35, 37 (1971), without basionym ref.
= Secale cereale subsp. segetale Zhuk.; Bull. Appl. Bot. Pl. Breed. 19, 2: 56 (1928)
= Secale cereale var. afghanicum Vavilov; Bull. Appl. Bot. Pl. Breed. 16, 2: 77 (1926)
= Secale cereale var. dighoricum (Vavilov) Jaaska; Eesti NSV Tead. Akad. Toimet., Biol. 24(3): 181 (1975), no basionym ref.
= Secale dighoricum (Vavilov) Roshev.; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS, Ser. 1, Fasc. 6, 143 (1947)
= Secale segetale subsp. afghanicum (Vavilov) Bondarenko ex Korovina; Byull. Vses. Ord. Lenina Inst. Rast. N. I. Vavilov 81: 36 (1978)
= Secale segetale subsp. dighoricum (Vavilov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 46 (1973)
= Secale segetale var. afghanicum (Vavilov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 46 (1973)
= Secale segetale var. dighoricum (Vavilov) Tzvelev; Zlaki Rossii: 99 (2019)
= Secale vavilovii subsp. afghanicum (Vavilov) Tzvelev; Konspekt Fl. Kavkaza 2: 270 (2006)
= Secale vavilovii subsp. segetale (Zhuk.) Tzvelev; Konspekt Fl. Kavkaza 2: 270 (2006)
species :
Secale strictum (C.Presl) C.Presl; Fl. Sicul.: xlvi (1826)
Distribution: C- & E-Spain; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Morocco; Libya; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze); Israel (N-Israel); Pakistan (Chitral)
12 SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS ROM SIC SRB 20 LBY MOR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale chaldicum Fed.; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Acad. Sci. URSS, Sect. Georgica, Fasc.8, 5 (1939)
= Secale dalmaticum Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 1: 97 (1842)
= Secale kuprijanovii Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 1: 136 (1928)
= Secale kuprijanovii subsp. ciscaucasicum N.R.Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl Bot. Genet. Selek. 44(1): 20 (1971), without latin descr. or type nom. illeg.
= Secale kuprijanovii subsp. transcaucasicum N.R.Ivanov & Yakovlev; Trudy Prikl Bot. Genet. Selek. 44(1): 20 (1971), without latin descr. or type nom. inval.
= Secale montanum Guss.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Boccad. (1825), ex ej. Fl. Sic. Prod. 1: 145 (1827)
= Secale montanum subsp. chaldicum (Fed.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 46 (1973)
= Secale montanum subsp. dalmaticum (Vis.) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 49 (1950)
= Secale montanum subsp. kuprijanovii (Grossh.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 46 (1973)
= Secale strictum subsp. chaldicum (Fed.) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 39(2): 332 (2010)
= Secale strictum subsp. kuprijanovii (Grossh.) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 35: 140 (1987)
= Triticum strictum C.Presl; Gram. Sicul.: 32 (1818)
species :
Secale sylvestre Host; Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: 7 (1809)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; China [I] (N-China [I])
11 ger HUN 13 BUL CRO GRC KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 AZE GEO NCS 36 chi
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale campestre Kit. ex Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 197 (1814), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Secale fragile M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas., Suppl.: 93 (1817)
= Secale glaucum d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 268 (1822)
= Triticum campestre (Schult.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis] 2: 769 (1817)
= Triticum fragile (M.Bieb.) Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 183 (1833), nom. illeg.
= Triticum sylvestre (Host) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 718 (1902)
species :
Secale vavilovii Grossh.; Bull. Applied Bot. 1922-23 13: No. 2, 473 (1924), et in Grossh. & Schischk. Sched. Herb. Pl. Or. Exsicc. 27 (1924)
Distribution: European Turkey; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 TUE 33 ARM AZE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Secale cereale subsp. vavilovii (Grossh.) Kobyl.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selek. 79: 35 (1983)
= Secale leptorhachis H.Scholz & Parolly; Willdenowia 34(1): 149 (2004)
= Secale transcaucasicum Grossh.; Opred. Rast. Kavk.: 717 (1949), no Latin descr.
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life