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293.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4087; hybrids: 111
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
293.7801 Genus Sisymbrium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 657 (1753)
Distribution: America, temp. Eurasia, Mediterranean, South Africa.
Species listed in database: 43
= Irio (DC.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 331 (1868)
= Klukia Andrz. ex Besser; Enum. Pl. [Besser], ed. 2: 104 (1822), nom. rej.
= Leptocarpaea DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 201 (1821)
= Norta Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 417 (1763)
= Pachypodium Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Îles Canaries (Phytogr.) 3(2,1): 74 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Phryne Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 171 (1901)
= Pilosella Kostel.; Index Hort. Bot. Prag. 104 (1844)
= Pseudofortuynia Hedge; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 57: 56 (1968)
= Tonguea Endl.; Gen. Pl. [Endlicher] 1419 (1841)
= Tricholobos Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 290 (1854)
= Valarum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 54 (1866)
= Vandalea Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 331 (1868)
= Velarum (DC.) Rchb.; Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 2, 2: 1103 (1828)
species :
Sisymbrium altissimum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 659 (1753)
Name: Ungarische Rauke (DE), Tall tumblemustard, Tall Rocket (EN)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Svalbard [I]; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (south to Mt. Pelion); Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Farah, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Parwan, Takhar); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria); China [I] (Liaoning [I], Xinjiang [I]); Tibet [I]; Mongolia [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Pakistan (Chitral, Astor, Gilgit, Baltistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); Australia [I] (New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Marquesas Isl. [I] (Hiva Oa [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe Isl. [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Biobío [I])
10 den fin grb ice ire nor sva swe 11 AUT bgm cze ger HUN LIE net POL SLO SWI 12 cis fra por spa 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY lat lit RUS UKR 20 alg 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ kgz TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR 36 chi tib 37 mon 38 jap kor 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 nzl 61 mrq 63 haw 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 82 clm 85 arg cle
Remarks: Sect. Sisymbrium
Synonyms: hidden
= Crucifera altissima (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 82 (1902)
= Hesperis altissima (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 936 (1891)
= Hesperis rigidula Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Hesperis septulata Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Norta altissima (L.) Britton; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 2: 174 (1913)
= Pachypodium pannonicum (Jacq.) Endl.; Cat. Horti Vindob. 2: 251 (1842)
= Sinapis oliveriana DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 609 (1821)
= Sisymbrium altissimum f. abortivum (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 178 (1916)
= Sisymbrium altissimum f. apetalum Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 179 (1916)
= Sisymbrium altissimum f. brevisiliquum (Busch) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 179 (1916)
= Sisymbrium altissimum f. ucrainicum (Blonski ex Zapal.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 179 (1916)
= Sisymbrium brachypetalum Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 9: 88 (1842)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. altissimum (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 469 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium hungaricum Lumn.; Fl. Poson. [Lumnitzer] 282 (1791)
= Sisymbrium obtusangulum Aucher ex E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 91 (1865)
= Sisymbrium pannonicum Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 1: 70 (1787)
= Sisymbrium rigidulum Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 3: 272 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium sinapios Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 3: 37 (1783)
= Sisymbrium sinapistrum Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2: 52 (1769)
= Sisymbrium sinapistrum var. rigidulum (Decne.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 179 (1916)
= Sisymbrium sinapistrum var. ucrainicum Blonski ex Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 33 (1913 publ. 1914)
species :
Sisymbrium assoanum Loscos & Pardo; Ser. Inconf. Pl. Aragon. 6 (1863)
Distribution: E- & C-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis assoana (Loscos & Pardo) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium altissimum Asso; Syn. Stirp. Aragon. 86 (1779) non L.
species :
Sisymbrium austriacum Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 3: 35 (1775)
subspecies :
subsp. austriacum
Name: Österreichische Rauke (DE), Jeweled rocket (EN)
Distribution: Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands [I]; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; Italy; Croatia; European Russia [I]; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Araucanía [I], Los Lagos [I])
10 nor swe 11 AUT CZE GER net SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA 14 rus 31 rfe 73 usa 85 arg cle
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis austriaca (Jacq.) Prantl; Excursionsfl. Bayern, 227 (1884)
= Crucifera eckartsbergensis (Willd.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 80 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum pyrenaicum (L.) Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 39 (1779)
= Hesperis berteroana (Phil.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Phryne multisiliquosa (Hoffm.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 174 (1901)
= Sinapis maritima All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 264 (1785)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4: 670 (1805)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum subsp. hyoseridifolium Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 4: 341 (1829)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum var. angustatum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 4: 340 (1829)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum var. hyoseridifolium (Gaudin) Moritzi; Pfl. Schweiz [Moritzi] 349 (1832)
= Sisymbrium affine Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. [Willdenow] 44 (1814)
= Sisymbrium austriacum proles compressum Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 18 (1895), nom. inval.
= Sisymbrium austriacum proles reuteri Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum proles rhedonense (Degl. ex Gren. & Godr.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 18 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. montivagum (Jord.) Sudre; Fl. Toulous. 29 (1907)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. multisiliquosum (Hoffm.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. multisiliquosum Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. thracicum Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 1: 300 (1902)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. acutangulum (DC.) Juel, Cedergr. & Örtendahl; Index Sem. (Uppsala) 1911: 10 (1912)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. acutangulum (DC.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1: 47 (1836)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. derelictum (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 17 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. montivagum (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 17 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. propinquum (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 17 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. rupestricola (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 18 (1895)
= Sisymbrium berteroanum Phil.; Linnaea 28: 666 (1858)
= Sisymbrium berteroanum var. laciniatum Gilg & Muschl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 451 (1909)
= Sisymbrium compressum Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 83 (1802), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium derelictum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 517 (1861)
= Sisymbrium eckartsbergense Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(1): 502 (1800)
= Sisymbrium loeselii var. austriacum (Jacq.) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 256 (1879)
= Sisymbrium montivagum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 514 (1861)
= Sisymbrium multisiliquosum Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., Jahrgang 4 [Hoffmann] 1(2): 50 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium propinquum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 516 (1861)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum f. hyoseridifolium (Gaudin) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 174 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum f. obtusifolium (Gaudin) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 174 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum f. reichenbachii (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum f. reuteri (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 174 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum f. trichogynum (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum subsp. austriacum (Jacq.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 53: 536 (1909)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum subvar. augustanum (Gaudin) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum subvar. bellianum (Valbusa) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum var. acutangulum (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium reuteri (E.Fourn.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium rhedonense Degl. ex Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 1: 95 (1847)
= Sisymbrium rupestricola Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 510 (1861)
= Sisymbrium sinapoides W.T.Aiton; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 4: 112 (1812)
= Vandalea rupestricola (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 331 (1868)
subspecies :
subsp. contortum (Cav.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 19 (1895)
Distribution: Portugal; N- & C-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis contorta (Cav.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium austriacum proles taraxacifolium (DC.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. macropetalum Uribe-Ech.; Cat. Flor. Alava, Vizcaya & Guipuzcoa 207 (1984)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. taraxacifolium (DC.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 1: 96 (1847)
= Sisymbrium contortum Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 436 (1802)
= Sisymbrium matritense Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 27: 89 (1898)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum subsp. contortum (Cav.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 172 (1916)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum subvar. taraxacifolium (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 173 (1916)
= Sisymbrium taraxacifolium DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4: 670 (1805)
subspecies :
subsp. erysimifolium (Pourr.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 17 (1895)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium acutangulum subsp. tillieri (Bellardi ex Willd.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 4: 339 (1829)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum var. tillieri (Bellardi ex Willd.) Moritzi; Pfl. Schweiz [Moritzi] 349 (1832)
= Sisymbrium austriacum proles tillieri (Bellardi ex Willd.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 16 (1895)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. tillieri (Bellardi ex Willd.) Valbusa; Malpighia 12: 509 (1899)
= Sisymbrium austriacum var. tillieri (Bellardi ex Willd.) Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 135 (1825)
= Sisymbrium erysimifolium Pourr.; Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 329 (1788)
= Sisymbrium tillieri Bellardi ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 497 (1800)
subspecies :
subsp. hispanicum (Jacq.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 64: 17 (1961)
Distribution: C- & SE-Spain; Algeria [I]
12 SPA 20 alg
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis hispanica (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Phryne hispanica (Jacq.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 175 (1901)
= Sinapis hispanica (Jacq.) Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, éd. 2: 343 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium hispanicum Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 1: 69 (1787), Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: 12, t. 124 (1784)
subspecies :
subsp. villarsii (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 18 (1895)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis villarsii (Jord.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. villarsii (Jord.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 264 (1913), isonym
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. villarsii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 43 (1878)
= Sisymbrium glaucescens Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 512 (1861)
= Sisymbrium pallescens Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 513 (1861)
= Sisymbrium villarsii Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 511 (1861), et Diagn. 1: 143 (1864)
species :
Sisymbrium brassiciforme C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 3: 129 (1831)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Xinjiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; NW-India (Nubra, Ladakh, Zanskar, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis brassiciformis (C.A.Mey.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis jacquemontii Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium ferganense Korsh.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Ser. 5(9): 412 (1898)
= Sisymbrium iscandericum Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Vyp. 3, Otd. Bot. 26: 95 (1896)
= Sisymbrium jacquemontii E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 111 (1865)
species :
Sisymbrium burchellii DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 472 (1821)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis confusa Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis gariepina (Burch. ex DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium confusum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 95 (1865)
= Sisymbrium gariepinum Burch. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 472 (1821)
= Sisymbrium gariepinum var. apricum Burch. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 472 (1821)
= Sisymbrium gariepinum var. nemorosum Burch. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 472 (1821)
variant :
var. dinteri (O.E.Schulz) Marais; Fl. S. Africa [ed. L.E.W.Codd et al.] 13: 112 (1963)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium dinteri O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 83 (1924)
species :
Sisymbrium capense Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 109 (1794)
Distribution: South Africa (Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis capensis (Thunb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis exasperata Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis promontorii Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 936 (1891)
= Sisymbrium argutum E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 222 (1843)
= Sisymbrium burchellii Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 5 (1834 publ. 1835)
= Sisymbrium exasperatum Sond.; Linnaea 23: 3 (1850)
= Sisymbrium marlothii O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 80 (1924)
= Sisymbrium montanum E.Mey. ex C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 439 (1845)
= Sisymbrium strigosum Thunb.Herb. ex Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 1: 24, 32 (1860), nom. inval.
species :
Sisymbrium cavanillesianum Castrov. & Valdés Berm.; Simp. Conmem. Centenario Lag., Sevilla, Suppl.: (2) (1976), nomen, et Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 34(1): 327 (1977), nom. nov.
Distribution: C- & EC-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Sect. Oxycarpus
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis corniculata (Cav.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium corniculatum Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 437 (1802) non Lam.
= Sisymbrium matritense (Jacq.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 157 (1962)
= Velarum cavanillesianum (Castrov. & Valdés Berm.) V.I.Dorof.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 129 (2001)
species :
Sisymbrium chrysanthum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 516 (1861), et Diagn. 1: 148 (1864)
Distribution: N-Portugal; N-Spain; Andorra
12 ADO POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis pyrenaica (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 936 (1891)
= Raphanus pyrenaicus (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 109 (1769)
= Sinapis pyrenaica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 934 (1763)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum subsp. chrysanthum (Jord.) Cadevall; Fl. Catalunya 1: 120 (1913)
= Sisymbrium acutangulum subsp. pyrenaicum (L.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 4: 339 (1829)
= Sisymbrium austriacum subsp. chrysanthum (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 17 (1895)
= Sisymbrium langei Sennen & Pau; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 18: 472 (1908)
= Sisymbrium pyrenaicum (L.) Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3: 341 (1788), nom. superfl.
species :
Sisymbrium crassifolium Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 437 (1803)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain (fairly widespread); Morocco; Algeria
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: crassifolium agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Barbarea taraxacifolia Boiss. ex T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 1(2): 95 (1898), pro syn.
= Brassica taraxacifolia Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 11 (1838)
= Coincya mariolensis (Pau) Figuerola & Peris; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 44: 540 (1987)
= Hesperis arundana (Boiss.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis crassifolia (Cav.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis granatensis (Boiss.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis laxiflora (Boiss.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sinapis mariolensis Pau; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 27: 414 (1899)
= Sisymbrium arundanum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 30 (1839)
= Sisymbrium arundanum Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3(4): 802 (1880), nom. inval.
= Sisymbrium arundanum var. parviflorum Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 299 (1893)
= Sisymbrium arundanum var. robustum Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 299 (1893)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium f. bicornis A.Pujadas & Á.Lora; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 51: 315 (1993 publ. 1994)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium f. giganteum (Hochr.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 14: 116 (1977)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium f. scaposum (Hochr.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 14: 116 (1977)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium subsp. arundanum (Boiss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38, 1: 73 (1974)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium subsp. laxiflorum (Boiss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38, 1: 73 (1974)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. atlanticum Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 8 (1927)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. brandtii O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 115 (1924)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. giganteum Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 129 (1904)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. granatense (Boiss.) P.W.Ball & Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 157 (1962)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. laxiflorum (Boiss.) Pau; Mém. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 20 (1922)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. scaposum Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 129 (1904)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. tenuisiliquum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 228 (1874)
= Sisymbrium crassifolium var. trichogynum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 80 (1865)
= Sisymbrium granatense Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 1: 24 (1853)
= Sisymbrium laxiflorum Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 9 (1838)
= Sisymbrium mariolense (Pau) Pau & Cámara; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 40: 334 (1942)
= Sisymbrium tenuisiliqua Pomel ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 67 (1888)
species :
Sisymbrium damascenum Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 6: 11 (1859)
Distribution: Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis damascena (Boiss. & Gaill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
species :
Sisymbrium dissitiflorum O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 79 (1924)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
species :
Sisymbrium elatum K.Koch; Index Sem. (Berlin), App. 14 (1854)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey
33 GEO 34 TUR
species :
Sisymbrium erucastrifolium (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 107 (1876)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan
33 AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Erysimum erucastrifolium Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 89 (1869)
= Sisymbrium brachycarpum (N.Busch) Vassilcz.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 8: 45, 634 (1939), cum descr. lat.
= Sisymbrium erucastrifolium f. brachycarpum N.Busch; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 3(4): 213 (1908)
species :
Sisymbrium erysimoides Desf.; Fl. Atl. 2: 84 (1798)
Name: Mediterranean rocket (EN); Schöterich-Rauke (DE); Quemoncillo (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; Sardinia; ?Sicily; Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NE-Egypt, SE-Egypt); Azores (Terceira, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro); Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; N-Chad (Tibesti); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; N-Tanzania; Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Israel (Judean Desert, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Waziristan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Swat, Pakistani Punjab); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); New Caledonia [I]; USA [I] (California [I]); Argentina [I]
11 ger 12 BAL GIB POR SAR SPA 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 21 AZO CNY MDR 23 BIO 24 CHA ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 34 IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN 35 KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 PAK 50 aus 60 nwc 76 usa 85 arg
Remarks: Sect. Oxycarpus
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis erysimodes (Desf.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 33 (1891)
= Norta erysimoides (Desf.) Britton; Torreya 23: 68 (1923)
= Pachypodium erysimoides (Desf.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Îles Canaries (Phytogr.) 1: 75 (1836)
= Sisymbrium erysimoides proles vilaenadalis (Sennen) Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 25: 109 (1926)
= Sisymbrium erysimoides subsp. vilaenadalis (Sennen) Sennen; Cavanillesia 2: 11 (1929)
= Sisymbrium erysimoides var. arenarium Pit.; Îles Canaries [Pitard & Proust] 102 (1909)
= Sisymbrium erysimoides var. ovalifolium Webb; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 93 (1865)
= Sisymbrium erysimoides var. xerophilum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 93 (1865)
= Sisymbrium nitidulum Lag. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 901 (1825)
= Sisymbrium nitidum Zea ex Desf.; Tabl. École Bot., ed. 2: 153 (1815)
= Sisymbrium rigidulum Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 20 (1816)
= Sisymbrium vilaenadalis Sennen; Cavanillesia 2: 11 (1929)
= Sisymbrium zeae Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 904 (1825)
= Velarum erysimoides (Desf.) V.I.Dorof.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 129 (2001)
= Velarum vilaenadalis (Sennen) V.I.Dorof.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 128 (2001)
species :
Sisymbrium fugax Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 20 (1816)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis fugax (Lag.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Lycocarpus fugax (Lag.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 164 (1924)
= Lycocarpus fugax var. pubescens (Coss.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 165 (1924)
= Sisymbrium fugax var. pubescens Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 95 (1851)
= Sisymbrium fugax var. xerophilum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 88 (1865)
species :
Sisymbrium gamosepalum Hedge; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 57: 313 (1968)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Logar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost)
34 AFG
species :
Sisymbrium gaubae Rech.f. & Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48: 34 (1940)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Sisymbrium heteromallum C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 3: 132 (1831)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 NKO 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis dahurica (Turcz. ex E.Fourn.) Kuntze; Rev. Gén. Bot. 934 (1891)
= Hesperis heteromalla (C.A.Mey.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium columnae Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 157 (1861)
= Sisymbrium dahuricum Turcz. ex E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 97 (1865)
= Sisymbrium heteromallum f. dahuricum (Turcz. ex E.Fourn.) Glehn; Fl. Tangut. 97 (1889)
= Sisymbrium heteromallum f. glabrum Korsh.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 9(5): 412 (1898)
= Sisymbrium heteromallum var. dahuricum (Turcz. ex E.Fourn.) Glehn; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 11: 53 (1890)
= Sisymbrium heteromallum var. sinense O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 85 (1924)
species :
Sisymbrium integerrimum Rech.f. & Aellen; Phyton (Horn) 3: 67 (1951)
Distribution: Iran (E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts.); Afghanistan (Herat)
34 AFG IRN
species :
Sisymbrium irio L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 659 (1753)
Name: Glanz-Rauke (DE); London-rocket (EN); Matacandil (ES)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered lowlands, Kiklades, Samothraki, Limnos, Kithira, Kefalonia); Crete; Belarus [I]; C-European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Azores [I] (Terceira [I], Faial [I]); Madeira (Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma); Mauritania; ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; South Africa [I] (Cape Prov. [I]); Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Kalimnos, Kos, Tilos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Samangan); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Yemen (W-Yemen); China (Xinjiang, Nei Mongol); Taiwan; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Waziristan, Swat, N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral, Hazara, Pakistani Punjab, Gilgit); Nepal; India (Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Florida [I], Idaho [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Nevada [I], New Mexico [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I] (widespread); Isla Guadalupe [I]; Colombia [I]; Bolivia [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Magallanes [I])
10 den grb nor swe 11 AUT bgm ger hun net POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 blr rus ukr 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 azo CNY MDR 22 MTN 24 ERI ETH SOM 27 saf 32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW QAT SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND NEP PAK 50 aus 63 haw 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 glp mex 82 clm 83 bol 85 arg cle uru
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis charbonnelii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 100 (1913)
= Crucifera irio (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 81 (1902)
= Descurainia irio (L.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Îles Canaries (Phytogr.) 1: 73 (1836)
= Erysimum irio (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 212 (1927)
= Hesperis iriodes (Boiss.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis maxima (Hochst. ex E.Fourn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 33 (1891)
= Hesperis subulata Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Irio ruderalis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 331 (1868)
= Norta irio (L.) Britton; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 2: 174 (1913)
= Phryne laxata Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 175 (1901)
= Sisymbrium erucifolium Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 74 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Sisymbrium erysimastrum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 521 (1779)
= Sisymbrium filiforme Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénees 197 (1867)
= Sisymbrium glabrum Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. [Willdenow] 44 (1814)
= Sisymbrium hochstetterianum Buchinger ex Engl.; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 233 (1891 publ. 1892), in syn.
= Sisymbrium irio f. gracilior Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 11: 181 (1912)
= Sisymbrium irio var. dasycarpum O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 93 (1924)
= Sisymbrium irio var. irioides (Boiss.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 93 (1924)
= Sisymbrium irio var. leiocarpum Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 14: 106 (1977)
= Sisymbrium irio var. maximum (Hochst. ex E.Fourn.) Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 1: 64 (1868)
= Sisymbrium irio var. transtaganum Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 263 (1913)
= Sisymbrium irio var. turolense Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 267 (1910)
= Sisymbrium irio var. xerophilum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 74 (1865)
= Sisymbrium irioides Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 76 (1842)
= Sisymbrium latifolium Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 679 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sisymbrium maximum Hochst. ex E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 72 (1865)
= Sisymbrium pinnatifidum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. CXVI et 118 (1775)
= Sisymbrium ramulosum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 5: 161 (1817), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium subulatum E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 72 (1865)
species :
Sisymbrium isatidifolium Blanca, Cueto & J.Fuentes; Phytotaxa 220(1): 44 (2015)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Sisymbrium kermanicum Khodash. & Mirtadz.; Iran. J. Bot. 12(1): 94 (2006)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Sisymbrium lasiocalyx Prokh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 426 (1961)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
species :
Sisymbrium leucocladum (Boiss.) D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz; Phytotaxa 334(1): 96 (2018)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Gynophorea leucoclada (Boiss.) F.Dvorák; Feddes Repert. 77: 111 (1968)
= Hesperis leucoclada Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 69 (1842)
= Pseudofortuynia esfandiarii Hedge; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 57: 57, t. 4 (1968)
= Pseudofortuynia leucoclada (Boiss.) Khosravi; Iran. J. Bot. 10(1): 20 (2003)
= Sisymbrium hesperidiflorum Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 22 (1860)
species :
Sisymbrium linifolium (Nutt.) Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 91 (1838)
Name: Flaxleaf plainsmustard
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Erysimum glaberrimum Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 322 (1840)
= Erysimum linifolium (Nutt.) M.E.Jones; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 5: 622 (1895), nom. illeg.
= Hesperis linifolia (Nutt.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Nasturtium linifolium Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 12 (1834)
= Nasturtium pumilum Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 12 (1834)
= Schoenocrambe decumbens Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 409 (1904)
= Schoenocrambe linifolia (Nutt.) Greene; Pittonia 3: 127 (1896)
= Schoenocrambe linifolia var. pinnata (Greene) A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt. 209 (1909)
= Schoenocrambe pinnata Greene; Pittonia 3: 127 (1896)
= Schoenocrambe pygmaea (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Greene; Pittonia 3: 128 (1896)
= Sisymbrium decumbens (Rydb.) Blank.; Sci. Stud. Montana Coll. Agric., Bot. 1: 60 (1905)
= Sisymbrium junceum Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 1: 61 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium linifolium var. decumbens (Rydb.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 104 (1924)
= Sisymbrium linifolium var. pinnatum (Greene) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 104 (1924)
= Sisymbrium pygmaeum Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 91 (1838)
species :
Sisymbrium lipskyi Busch; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 3: IV. 214 (1908)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium erucastrifolium var. asperum Lipsky; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 4: 225 (1899)
= Sisymbrium praetermissum Mardal.; Sakharthw. S.S.R. Mec´niereb. Akad. Moambe 98: 397 (1980)
species :
Sisymbrium loeselii L.; Cent. Pl. I: 18 (1755)
Name: Lösel-Rauke (DE), Small tumbleweed mustard, False London-Rocket (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; France [I]; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (scattered, incl. Thasos, Samothraki); Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Khabarovsk [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Balkh, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghazni, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Wardak, Parwan); Saudi Arabia; China (Xinjiang, Gansu); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Peshawar); NW-India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh); Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Mexico [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Washington [I], Wyoming [I])
10 den fin grb nor swe 11 AUT bgm cze ger HUN net POL SLO swi 12 fra 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR est KRY lat lit RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 35 SAU 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Crucifera loeselii (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 6: 81 (1902)
= Erysimum loesellii (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 10: 212 (1927)
= Hesperis decipiens (Bunge) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Hesperis loeselii (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Leptocarpaea loeselii (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 202 (1821)
= Norta loeselii (L.) Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts., ed. 2: 1121 (1923)
= Sisymbrium decipiens Bunge; Index Sem. (Dorpat) 1844: 3 (1844)
= Sisymbrium glabratum Stapf ex O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 99 (1924)
= Sisymbrium hastifolium Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 31 (1886)
= Sisymbrium hirsutum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 74 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Sisymbrium hispidum Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 83 (1802), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium loeselii f. ciliatum (Beck) Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 31 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium loeselii f. elatius Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 31 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium loeselii f. latisectum (Schur) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 176 (1916)
= Sisymbrium loeselii f. platysepalum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 31 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium loeselii f. subglabrum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 31 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium loeselii proles triangulare O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 98 (1924)
= Sisymbrium loeselii var. brevicarpum C.H.An; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(1-2): 99 (1981)
= Sisymbrium loeselii var. glabrescens (Schur) H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 298 (1942)
= Sisymbrium turcomanicum Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 1: 36 (1902)
= Turritis loeselii (L.) W.T.Aiton; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 4: 109 (1812)
species :
Sisymbrium luteum (Maxim.) O.E.Schulz; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37: 126(Abt. 2, Heft 1) (1918)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis lutea Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 18: 282 (1873)
= Hesperis silvestris Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Sisymbrium brassicoides Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 129 (1913), nomen
= Sisymbrium luteum var. glabrum F.Z.Li & Z.Y.Sun; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 25: 8 (2005)
= Sisymbrium sylvestre Burm. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 472 (1821), nom. inval.
species :
Sisymbrium macroloma Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 368 (1875)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Libya
11 ger 12 SPA 20 ALG LBY MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium columnae subsp. gaussenii Chouard; Bull. Soc. Bot. France (Sess. Extraord.): 157 (1949)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. macroloma (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie Tunisie 35 (1905)
= Sisymbrium longesiliquosum Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 332 (1893)
= Sisymbrium macroloma Pomel ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 66 (1888)
= Sisymbrium orientale subsp. gaussenii (Chouard) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38(1): 73 (1974)
= Sisymbrium orientale subsp. macroloma (Pomel) F.Dvorák; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 19(1): 56 (1984), isonym
= Sisymbrium orientale subsp. macroloma (Pomel) H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2) (Itin. Medit.): 66 (1932)
= Sisymbrium orientale var. macroloma (Pomel) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 69 (1901)
species :
Sisymbrium malatyanum Mutlu & Karak.; Turk. J. Bot. 39(2): 330 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Sisymbrium maurum Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 8 (1926)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Sisymbrium nepalense Al-Shehbaz; Fl. Pan-Himalaya 30: 537 (2015)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 26 (1772)
Name: Weg-Rauke (DE); Hedge Mustard (EN); Quemon (ES)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey, Sark); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete (incl. islets); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Ethiopia; South Africa [I]; Mauritius [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia [I], Yakutia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kuril Isl. [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); ?Bahrain; United Arab Emirates; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol); Tibet; South Korea [I]; Japan [I] (Honshu [I]); Pakistan [I] (Hazara [I], Murree [I]); India [I] (Himachal Pradesh [I], Jammu & Kashmir [I]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Costa Rica [I]; Jamaica [I]; Haiti [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]; Falkland Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB ice IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR SEL 24 ETH 27 saf 29 mau 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 UAE 36 CHI TIB 38 jap kor 40 ind pak 50 aus lhi nfk 51 ctm nzl 63 haw 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 80 cos 81 gdl his jam 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg cle jnf par 91 fal
Remarks: Sect. Oxycarpus
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaeplium officinale (L.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 377 (1822)
= Chamaeplium officinale f. macranthum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 30 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Crucifera sisymbrium E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 84 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum officinale L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 660 (1753)
= Erysimum officinale var. leiocarpum (DC.) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 97 (1924)
= Erysimum runcinatum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 58 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Erysimum vulgare Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 91 (1869)
= Hesperis niagarensis (E.Fourn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Hesperis officinalis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Hesperis ruderalis (Jord.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 936 (1891)
= Kibera officinalis (L.) Calest.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 379 (1908)
= Klukia officinalis (L.) Andrz. ex Besser; Enum. Pl. [Besser], ed. 2: 104 (1822)
= Nasturtium nasturtium Cockerell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 95 (1892), nom. inval.
= Phryne vulgaris Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 173 (1901)
= Sisymbrium erysimum Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 1: 54 (1762), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium leiocarpum Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 507 (1861)
= Sisymbrium niagarense E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 85 (1865)
= Sisymbrium officinale f. simplex Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 20: 316 (1913)
= Sisymbrium officinale proles ruderale (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 20 (1895)
= Sisymbrium officinale subsp. leiocarpum (DC.) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N.W. Coast [Piper & Beattie] 176 (1915)
= Sisymbrium officinale var. leiocarpum DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 460 (1821)
= Sisymbrium officinale var. leiocarpum Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 188 (1844)
= Sisymbrium officinale var. squarrosum Wirtg.; Prodr. Fl. Preuss. Rheinl. [Wirtgen] 17 (1842)
= Sisymbrium officinarum Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 1: 54 (1762)
= Sisymbrium ruderale Jord.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 7: 506 (1861)
= Valarum officinale (L.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 54 (1866)
= Velarum leiocarpum (DC.) Tzvelev; Opred. Sosud. Rast. Severo-Zap. Rossii 679 (2000)
= Velarum officinale (L.) Rchb.; Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2, 2: 1165 (1828)
= Velarum officinale subsp. leiocarpum (DC.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 184 (2000)
= Velarum tzvelevii V.I.Dorof.; Konspekt Fl. Vost. Evr. 1: 421 (2012), nom. nov.
species :
Sisymbrium orientale L.; Cent. Pl. II: 24 (1756)
Name: Orientalische Rauke (DE); Indian hedgemustard, Eastern Rocket (EN); Rabaniza morisca (ES)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], +Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway; Sweden; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; E-European Russia [I]; Ukraine [I]; Crimea [I]; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I]; Lesotho [I]; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Anatolian Mesopotamia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; China (Fujian, Shanxi); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Hazara); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Massachusetts [I], Nevada [I], Oregon [I], Texas [I], Washington [I]); Mexico [I] (Baja California [I]); Isla Guadalupe [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Antofagasta [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Magallanes [I])
10 den fin grb ire NOR SWE 11 AUT bgm CZE ger HUN net POL SLO swi 12 BAL cis COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 blr est kry lat lit rus ukr 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY mdr 26 zam zim 27 les saf 31 rfe 32 TKM 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 BAR KUW QAT SAU 36 CHI 38 jap kor 40 IND PAK 50 aus 51 nzl 60 nwc 71 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 79 glp mex 83 bol per 85 arg cle
Remarks: Sect. Sisymbrium
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica patens Murray ex Moench; Methodus [Moench] 251 (1794)
= Brassica subhastata Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(1): 550 (1800)
= Crucifera columnae (Jacq.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 82 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Erysimum subhastatum (Willd.) Hornem.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn., ed. 2: 37 (1807)
= Hesperis columnae (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 33 (1891)
= Hesperis orientalis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 936 (1891)
= Pachypodium columnae (Jacq.) Webb; Iter Hispan. [Webb] 75 (1838)
= Phryne columnae (Jacq.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 172 (1901)
= Sisymbrium columnae Jacq.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 4: 12 (1776)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. altissimum DC.
= Sisymbrium columnae var. hebecarpum W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 4: 656 (1833)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. leiocarpum DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 469 (1821), nom. inval.
= Sisymbrium columnae var. orientale (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 469 (1821), nom. superfl.
= Sisymbrium columnae var. platycarpum Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 21 (1895)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. stenocarpum Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 21 (1895)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. tenuisiliquum DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 469 (1821)
= Sisymbrium columnae var. villosissimum DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 469 (1821)
= Sisymbrium costei Foucaud & Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 1: 325 (1895)
= Sisymbrium daghestanicum Vassilcz.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 8: 50, 635 (1939)
= Sisymbrium flexuosum Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénees 197 (1867)
= Sisymbrium fujianense L.K.Ling; Fl. Fujianica 2: 393 (1985)
= Sisymbrium irio subsp. costei (Rouy & Foucaud) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 1: 72 (1912)
= Sisymbrium longisiliquosum St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 51 (1889), nom. inval.
= Sisymbrium longisiliquosum Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 332 (1893)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. hygrophilum (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. irioides Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. ligusticum (De Not.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. platycarpum (Rouy & Foucaud) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. stenocarpum (Rouy & Foucaud) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. subhastatum (Willd.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale f. tenuisiliquum (DC.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 399 (1936)
= Sisymbrium orientale subsp. subhastatum (Willd.) Pau; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1927, no. 222 (1928), in sched.
= Sisymbrium orientale subf. glabrisiliquum Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale subf. villosissimum (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale subf. xerophilum (E.Fourn.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale subvar. subhastatum (Willd.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 181 (1916)
= Sisymbrium orientale var. leiocarpum (DC.) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 69 (1901)
= Sisymbrium pannonicum Badarò; Giorn. Fis. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti, Dec. 2, 9: 74 (1826)
= Sisymbrium subhastatum (Willd.) Hornem.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn., ed. 2: 37 (1807), et Willd., Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 679
= Sisymbrium villosum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 251 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Sisymbrium vrolickianum Steven ex O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 123 (1924)
= Sisymbrium waltheri Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2: 51 (1769)
species :
Sisymbrium pinnatisectum Vassilcz. & V.I.Dorof. ex Saksonov; Samarolukskijj Florist. Fenomen 233 (-236) (2006) et ex Saksonov & Senator, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 97(3): 377 (2012)
Distribution: E-European Russia
14 RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium polymorphum var. pinnatisectum Vassilcz. ex V.I.Dorof.; Turczaninowia 1(3): 28 (1998), contrary to Art. 37.6 ICBN (2000)
species :
Sisymbrium polymorphum (Murray) Roth; Man. Bot. [Roth] 2: 946 (1830)
Name: Vielgestaltige Rauke
Distribution: Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; China (Gansu, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); Mongolia
11 HUN POL SLO 13 BUL ROM 14 BLR KRY RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 NCS 36 CHI 37 MON
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis crassifolia Ledeb.; Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 3: 107 (1841)
= Brassica polymorpha Murray; Novi Comment. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: 35 (1776)
= Cheiranthus junceus (M.Bieb.) Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 3: 259 (1807)
= Cheiranthus leptophyllus Willd. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 464 (1821)
= Cheiranthus virgatus Patrin ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 462 (1821)
= Cheirinia juncea (M.Bieb.) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 172 (1822)
= Erysimum crassifolium (Ledeb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 933 (1891)
= Erysimum junceum (M.Bieb.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 513 (1800)
= Hesperis juncea (M.Bieb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 934 (1891)
= Sisymbrium angustifolium Regel & Schmalh.; Izv. Imp. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ. 34(2): 9 (1882)
= Sisymbrium junceum (Willd.) M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 114 (1808)
= Sisymbrium junceum subsp. intermedium Ovczinnikova; Fl. Sibir. (Berberidac.-Grossulariac.) 7: 54 (1994)
= Sisymbrium junceum var. latifolium Korsh.; Izv. Imp. Akad. Nauk, Ser. 5, 9: 412 (1898)
= Sisymbrium junceum var. soongaricum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 39(2): 97 (141) (1866)
= Sisymbrium multifidum Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 904 (1821)
= Sisymbrium pallasii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 901 (1825)
= Sisymbrium polymorphum subsp. latifolium (Korsh.) D.A.German & Veselova; Komarovia 6(2): 82 (2009)
= Sisymbrium polymorphum var. latifolium (Korsh.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 102 (1924)
= Sisymbrium polymorphum var. soongaricum (Regel & Herder) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 102 (1924)
= Stanleya cartilaginea (Pall. ex DC.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 909 (1821)
species :
Sisymbrium reboudianum Verl.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 726 (1857)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; N-Chad (Tibesti)
20 ALG MOR 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium irio var. kralikii (E.Fourn.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 67 (1888)
= Sisymbrium irio var. pubescens Coss. ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 67 (1888)
= Sisymbrium irioides Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 144 (1887) non Boiss.
= Sisymbrium kralikii E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 74 (1865)
= Sisymbrium reboudianum var. dasycarpum Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 14: 109 (1977)
= Sisymbrium reboudianum var. leiocarpum Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 14: 109 (1977)
species :
Sisymbrium septulatum DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 471 (1821)
Name: Zweilappige Rauke (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Ghorat, Herat); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait
11 ger 32 TKM UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica erucastroides Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 36 (1886)
= Diplotaxis biloba K.Koch; Linnaea 15: 252 (1841)
= Sisymbrium bilobum (K.Koch) Grossh.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 44(2): 214 (1927)
= Sisymbrium erucastroides (Stapf) Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 1263 (1904)
= Sisymbrium grandiflorum Post; Pl. Postianae 1: 3 (1890), nom. illeg.
species :
Sisymbrium strictissimum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 660 (1753)
Name: Steife Rauke (DE)
Distribution: Belgium [I]; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Kazakhstan
11 AUT bgm CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA MNT ROM SLV 14 BLR RUS UKR 32 KAZ
Remarks: Sect. Norta
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheirinia strictissima (L.) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 171 (1822)
= Crucifera strictissima (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 79 (1902)
= Hesperis strictissima (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Norta juncea Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 54 (1866)
= Norta strictissima (L.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 54 (1866)
= Sisymbrium alpinum Neck.; Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 2: 481 (1770)
= Sisymbrium strictissimum f. brachycarpum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 33 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium strictissimum f. hortense Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 34 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium strictissimum f. majus Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 34 (1913 publ. 1914)
= Sisymbrium strictissimum f. ramosissimum Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 13B(53B): 33 (1913 publ. 1914)
species :
Sisymbrium subspinescens (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Bunge; Arbeiten Naturf. Vereins Riga 1(2): 151 (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. subspinescens
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia
32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica subspinescens Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12(2): 145 (1839) nomen
= Hesperis subspinescens (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. isfarense (Vassilcz.) Kamelin
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Sisymbrium isfarense Vassilcz.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 8: 48, 635 (1939)
species :
Sisymbrium turczaninowii Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 1: 26 (1860)
Name: Russian rocket
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; USA [I] (South Carolina [I])
27 LES SAF 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Hesperis turczaninowii (Sond.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Sisymbrium burchellii var. turczaninowii (Sond.) O.E.Schulz
= Tricholobos capensis Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 290 (1854 publ. 1855)
species :
Sisymbrium volgense M.Bieb. ex E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 97 (1865)
Name: Wolga-Rauke (DE)
Distribution: Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; France [I]; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; SE-European Russia; Ukraine [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Magadan [I], Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Mongolia [I]
10 den fin nor swe 11 bgm cze ger net slo 12 fra 14 blr est lat lit RUS ukr 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ 33 NCS 37 mon
Remarks: Sect. Irio
Synonyms: hidden
= Crucifera volgensis (M.Bieb. ex E.Fourn.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 6: 79 (1902)
= Hesperis scholaris Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Hesperis volgense (M.Bieb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 935 (1891)
= Sisymbrium pumilum Spach ex E.Fourn.; Recherches Anat. Taxon. Fam. Crucifèr. 96 (1865), nom. inval.
species :
Sisymbrium yunnanense W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 11(55): 229-230 (1919)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Arabis kandingensis Y.H.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14: 144-146 (1994)
= Sisymbrium luteum var. yunnanense (W.W.Sm.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 86 (Crucif.): 71 (1924)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life