128.0000
Family
Smilacaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règne Vég. 2: 146 (1799), nom. cons.
1-2 genera, ca. 280 spp.
Species listed in database: 269
= Smilaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 60 (1829)
= Smilacoideae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 437 (1835)
128.0001
Genus
Smilax L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1028 (1753)
Distribution: tropics and subtropics, many China (79), Malesia and South America (esp. Brazil), some in North America, few species in warm-temp. Europe and Asia. Heterosmilax is frequently kept separate.
Species listed in database: 269
= Aniketon Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 130 (1840)
= Coprosmanthus Kunth; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1848: 35 (1848)
= Dilax Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 131 (1840)
= Heterosmilax Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 270 (1850)
= Nemexia Raf.; Neogenyton: 3 (1825)
= Oligosmilax Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 258 (1868)
= Parillax Raf.; Neogenyton: 3 (1825)
= Pleiosmilax Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 193 (1868)
= Pseudosmilax Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 124 (1920)
= Sarsaparilla Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 713 (1891)
species :
Smilax aberrans
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 71 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax tsaii F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 117 (1934)
species :
Smilax aculeatissima
Conran; Fl. Australia 46: 231, 187 (1986)
Distribution: Australia (N-Queensland: Atherton tableland)
50 AUS
species :
Smilax amamiana
Z.S.Sun & P.Li; Phytotaxa 245(2): 104 (2016)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
species :
Smilax amblyobasis
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 565 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax ampla
Warb. ex K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 562 (1925)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch.
43 BIS
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Smilax anceps
Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 782 (1806)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Chad; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mauritius; La Réunion
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 BIO BUR CAF CMN CON EQG GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 COM MAU MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax anceps var. boutonii Baker; Fl. Mauritius: 379 (1877)
= Smilax anceps var. semiamplexicaulis Baker; Fl. Mauritius: 378 (1877)
= Smilax borbonica A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 169 (1878), pro syn.
= Smilax cynodon Cordem.; Fl. Ile Reunion 150 (1895)
= Smilax goudotiana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 172 (1878)
= Smilax herbacea Thunb.; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 341 (1823)
= Smilax kraussiana Meisn.; Flora 28: 312 (1845)
= Smilax kraussiana var. dregei A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 172 (1878)
= Smilax kraussiana var. morsoniana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 172 (1878)
= Smilax kraussiana var. senegambiae A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 172 (1878)
= Smilax lessertiana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 173 (1878)
= Smilax morsaniana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 241 (1850)
= Smilax mossambicensis Garcke; Peters, Naturw. Reise Mossambique 6(Bot., 2): 518 (1864)
= Smilax semiamplexicaulis Bojer; Hortus Maurit.: 353 (1837), nom. nud.
= Smilax telfaireana Wall. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 170 (1878)
species :
Smilax anguina
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 566 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax annulata
Warb. ex K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 564 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax aquifolium
Ferrufino & Greuter; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 16(5): 12 (2010), nom. nov.
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax ilicifolia Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 171 (1850), nom. illeg.
= Smilax ilicifolia var. sublappacea A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 125 (1878)
species :
Smilax arisanensis
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 356-357 (1911)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim); Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax oxyphylla Wall. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 238 (1850)
= Smilax oxyphylla Wall.; Numer. List no. 5128 (1831), nom. nud.
species :
Smilax aristolochiifolia
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 7 (1768)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax kerberi F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 408 (1922)
= Smilax medica Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 47 (1831)
= Smilax medica var. bracteata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 87 (1878)
= Smilax milleri Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 599 (1841)
species :
Smilax aspera
L.; Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753)
Name: Rauhe Stechwinde (DE); Rough Bindweed (EN); Zarzaparilla morisca (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Greece; Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; NE-Zambia; ?Malawi; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); China (Yunnan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Sind); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Shan); Laos
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT PEL PTL SIC SLV SMA SRB 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 23 ZAI 24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZAM 34 CYP EAI IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax aspera f. balearica (Willk.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 1: 384 (1921)
= Smilax aspera f. intermedia Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 1: 383 (1921)
= Smilax aspera f. punctata (Kolb) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 643 (1949)
= Smilax aspera subsp. balearica (Willk. ex A.DC.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 233 (1890)
= Smilax aspera subsp. balearica (Willk.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 26 (1973), isonym
= Smilax aspera subsp. balearica (Willk.) Romo; Fl. Silvestres Baleares: 338 (1994), isonym
= Smilax aspera subsp. mauritanica (Poir.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2: 121 (1894)
= Smilax aspera subsp. nigra (Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 715 (1882)
= Smilax aspera var. altissima Moris & De Not.; Fl. Caprar.: 127 (1839)
= Smilax aspera var. angustifolia DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 3: 178 (1805)
= Smilax aspera var. balearica Willk. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 165 (1878)
= Smilax aspera var. maculata (Roxb. ex D.Don) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 167 (1878)
= Smilax aspera var. mauritanica (Poir.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 3: 234 (1855)
= Smilax aspera var. nigra (Willd.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 165 (1878)
= Smilax aspera var. ochrocarpa A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 167 (1878)
= Smilax aspera var. perrottetiana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 167 (1878)
= Smilax aspera var. picta Willk.; Linnaea 40: 22 (1876)
= Smilax aspera var. punctata Kolb; Gartenflora 20: 98 (1871)
= Smilax balearica (Willk. ex A.DC.) Burnat & Barbey; Not. Voy. Bot. Balear.: 12 (1882)
= Smilax brevipes Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 42 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Smilax capitata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prod. Fl. Nep. 49 (1825) (pro syn.)
= Smilax catalonica Poir.; Encyc. 6: 467 (1805)
= Smilax conferta Jord.; Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 43 (1903)
= Smilax excelsa Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. éd., 1: 236 (1803), not validly publ.
= Smilax fulgens Wall.; Numer. List: 179, n. 5122 (1830), nom. nud.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 306 (1892) (pro syn.)
= Smilax goetzeana Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 275 (1901)
= Smilax inermis Jord.; Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 43 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Smilax intricatissima Jord.; Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 44 (1903)
= Smilax longipes Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 28 (1883)
= Smilax maculata Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal.: 72 (1814), nom. nud.) ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 49 (1825)
= Smilax mauritanica Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 367 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Smilax mauritanica Poir.; Voy. Barb. 2: 263 (1789)
= Smilax mauritanica subsp. vespertilionis (Boiss.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 234 (1890)
= Smilax mauritanica var. vespertilionis Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 609 (1842)
= Smilax mauritanica Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Smilax nigra Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 773 (1806)
= Smilax nilagirensis Steud. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 167 (1878), pro syn.
= Smilax oxycarpa Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 43 (1903)
= Smilax peduncularis Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 42 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Smilax pendulina Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 12 (1831)
= Smilax picta K.Koch; Dendrologie 2: II. 337 (1873)
= Smilax platyphylla Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 43 (1903)
= Smilax rettiana Willis ex Livera; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Peradeniya) 11: 103 (1928)
= Smilax rigida Banks & Sol.; Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2, 2: 271 (1794)
= Smilax sagittata Desv.; Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occ. 58 (1825)
= Smilax sagittifolia G.Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 18: t. 1799 (1832), nom. nud.
= Smilax saxicola Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 28 (1883)
= Smilax tetragona L.f.; Suppl. 427 (1782)
= Smilax variabilis Pers.; Syn. 2: 618 (1807)
= Smilax willkommii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 124 (1901)
species :
Smilax aspericaulis
Wall. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 195 (1878)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); ?Tibet; Taiwan; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Sikkim); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND 41 AND MYA THA VIE 42 MLY PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax aspericaulis var. silletensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 196 (1878)
= Smilax bracteata subsp. verruculosa (Merr.) T.Koyama; Fl. E. Himalaya 1: 415 (1966)
= Smilax bracteata var. verruculosa (Merr.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 18 (1957)
= Smilax trachyclada Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 138, f. 50: 3 (1920)
= Smilax verruculosa Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 5(3): 173 (1910)
= Smilax williamsii Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 5: 173 (1910)
species :
Smilax assumptionis
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 132 (1878)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
species :
Smilax astrosperma
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Hainan. 4: 534 (1977)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Hainan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax auriculata
Walter; Fl. Carol. 245 (1788)
Name: Earleaf greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina); Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.
78 USA 81 BAH TCI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax beyrichii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 207 (1850)
= Smilax lata Small; Fl. S. E. U. S.: 284 (1903)
= Smilax ovata Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 698 (1824), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax australis
R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 293 (1810)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (N-Western Australia, Northern Territory, E-Queensland, E-New South Wales, E-Victoria); Lord Howe Isl.
42 LSI MOL NWG 50 AUS LHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax latifolia R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 293 (1810)
= Smilax latifolia var. crassinervia A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 182 (1878)
= Smilax spinescens Miq.; Linnaea 18: 83 (1844)
species :
Smilax austrozhejiangensis
Q.Lin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(1): 71-73, f. 1 (1990)
Distribution: China (S-Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax azorica
H.Schaef. & P.Schönfelder; Homenaje al Prof. Dr. Wolfredo Wildpret de la Torre 304 (2009)
Distribution: Azores
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax divaricata Sol. ex H.C.Watson; London J. Bot. 3: 608 (1844), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax bapouensis
H.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 20, f. 1: 4-6 (1992)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax basilata
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 254-255, t. 74: 6 (1978)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax bauhinioides
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 243. (1850)
Distribution: China (S-Guangxi); Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax anamitica Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 715 (1891)
= Smilax incerta Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 263 (1850)
species :
Smilax bella
J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 47 (1931)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Smilax biflora
Siebold ex Miq.; Versl. enMed. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. II. 2: 87 (1868)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax china var. biflora (Siebold ex Miq.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 14: 184 (1900)
species :
Smilax biltmoreana
(Small) J.B.Norton ex Pennell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 413 (1916)
Name: Biltmore´s carrionflower
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Nemexia biltmoreana Small; Fl. S.E. U.S.: 281 (1903)
= Smilax ecirrhata var. biltmoreana (Small) H.E.Ahles; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 80: 172 (1964)
species :
Smilax binchuanensis
P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 58 (2013)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax yunnanensis Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 70 (1934)
species :
Smilax biumbellata
T.Koyama; Brittonia 26(2): 133-134, f. 1A (1974)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA THA
species :
Smilax blumei
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 202 (1878)
Distribution: Andaman Isl.; Thailand; Laos; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (far N-Queensland)
41 AND LAO THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY NWG SUM 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax perfoliata Blume; Enum. Pl. Jav. 1: 18 (1827), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax bockii
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 259 (1900)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, West Bengal); Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax arisanensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 235-236, f. 83 (1915)
= Heterosmilax indica A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 43 (1878)
= Heterosmilax japonica Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 270 (1850)
= Heterosmilax raishaensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 138-140, f. 51 (1920)
= Heterosmilax tsaii F.T.Wang & Tang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 7(2): 87 (1936)
= Smilax goeringii Kladwong, Chantar. & D.A.Simpson; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 46(1): 51 (2018), nom. nov. for Heterosmilax japonica Kunth
= Smilax japonica (Kunth) A.Gray; Narr. Exped. China Japan [Perry] 2: 230 (1856)
= Smilax japonica (Kunth) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 58 (2013), isonym
= Smilax planipeduncula Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 361 (1911)
= Smilax planipeduncula var. raishaensis (Hayata) T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 1: 251 (2016)
= Smilax stemonifolia H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 28 (1905)
species :
Smilax bolavenensis
Tagane & Soulad.; Phytotaxa 585(1): 56 (2023)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Smilax bona-nox
L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
Name: Saw greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia); Bermuda; Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 81 BER
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax alpini Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 67 (1814)
= Smilax asperovariabilis Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 618 (1807)
= Smilax bermudensis Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. éd., 1: 241 (1803)
= Smilax bona-nox subsp. hederifolia A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 77 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox subsp. pandurata (Pursh) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 177 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox subsp. polyodonta A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 78 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox subsp. wrightii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 78 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox var. exauriculata Fernald; Rhodora 46: 36 (1944)
= Smilax bona-nox var. hastata (Willd.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 79 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox var. hederifolia (A.DC.) Fernald; Rhodora 46: 36 (1944)
= Smilax bona-nox var. horrida (Poir.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 78 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox var. plukenetii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 78 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox var. rubens A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 78 (1878)
= Smilax bona-nox var. senticosa (Kunth) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 79 (1878)
= Smilax cantab Lynch; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 56: 505 (1899)
= Smilax hastata Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 782 (1806), nom. illeg.
= Smilax hederifolia Beyr. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 209 (1850), not validly publ.
= Smilax horrida Poir.; Encycl., Suppl. 5: 24 (1817)
= Smilax lomoplis Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 128 (1840)
= Smilax medica M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 9(2): 390 (1842), nom. illeg.
= Smilax pandurata Pursh; Fl. Am. Sept. 1: 251 (1813)
= Smilax platycentron f. emarginata Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 453 (1845)
= Smilax platycentron f. hastata Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 454 (1845)
= Smilax platycentron Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 452 (1844)
= Smilax pseudosarsa Vis.; Index Seminum (PAD, Patavium) 1839: s.p. (1839)
= Smilax pubens Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 67 (1814)
= Smilax renifolia Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 608 (1898)
= Smilax rubens P.Watson; Dendrologie Brit. 2: t. 108 (1825)
= Smilax senticosa Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 209 (1850)
= Smilax variegata Walter; Fl. Carol. 244 (1788)
variant :
var. littoralis
Coker ex Sorrie; Phytoneuron 2014-16: 1 (2014)
Distribution: USA (South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax bona-nox var. littoralis Coker; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 60: 42 (1944)
species :
Smilax bracteata
C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1(2): 131 (1827)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S-Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao); Fed. States of Micronesia (Truk, Moen, Dublon, Tol, Fefan, Uman)
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 MLY PHI 62 MIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax blancoi Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 262 (1850)
= Smilax bonii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 72 (1934)
= Smilax bracteata var. barbata T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 20 (1957)
= Smilax divaricata Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 795 (1837)
= Smilax fistulosa Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 796 (1837)
= Smilax lyi H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8(166-172): 171 (1910)
= Smilax phyllantha Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 73 (1934)
= Smilax stenopetala A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 6: 412 (1859)
= Smilax trukensis Hosok.; Bull. Biogeogr. Soc. Jap. 7: 185 (1937)
species :
Smilax brasiliensis
Spreng.; Syst. 2: 100 (1825)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax brasiliensis var. grisebachii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 137 (1878)
= Smilax brasiliensis var. tricapillaris A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 137 (1878)
= Smilax glauca Mart.; Reise Brazil. 1: 283 (1823), nom. illeg.
= Smilax pruinosa Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 14 (1842)
species :
Smilax brevipedunculata
T.Murphy & S.M.Niño; Harvard Pap. Bot. 28(2): 696 (2023)
Distribution: Venezuela; Guyana; Surinam
82 GUY SUR VEN
species :
Smilax californica
(A.DC.) A.Gray; Bot. Calif 2: 186 (1880)
Name: California greenbrier
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax rotundifolia var. californica A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 75 (1878)
species :
Smilax calophylla
Wall.; Numer. List no. 5131 (1830) ex A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 60 (1878)
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland: Cape York to New South Wales border)
41 THA 42 BOR MLY MOL NWG SNG SUM 50 AUS
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
species :
Smilax cambodiana
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 72 (1934)
Distribution: Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD VIE
species :
Smilax campestris
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 15 (1842)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, ,Tarija); N-Brazil (Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Paraguari); Uruguay (Colonia, Flores Prov., Florida Prov., Maldonado, Rio Negro, Rocha, Salto, San Jose); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax campestris var. marginulata (Mart. ex Griseb.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 134 (1878)
= Smilax campestris var. rubiginosa (Griseb.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 133 (1878)
= Smilax marginulata Mart. ex Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 16 (1842)
= Smilax montana Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 15 (1842)
= Smilax rubiginosa Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 14 (1842)
= Smilax scalaris Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 16 (1842)
= Smilax viminea Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 13 (1842)
species :
Smilax canariensis
Brouss. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 784 (1806)
Name: Kanaren-Stechwinde (DE); Zarzaparilla canaria (ES)
Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.)
21 AZO CNY MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax latifolia Sol. ex Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 55: 12 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Smilax rubra Link; Buch, Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins.: 140 (1828), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax canellifolia
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 10 (1768)
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 CUB HIS JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax balbisiana Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 586 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Smilax celastroides Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 184 (1850)
= Smilax cumanensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 2: 102 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Smilax ehrenbergiana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 174 (1850)
= Smilax subaculeata Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 2: 102 (1825)
= Smilax viscifolia Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. éd., 1: 243 (1803)
species :
Smilax celebica
Blume; Enum. Pl. Jav. 1: 18 (1827)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Smilax chapaensis
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 72 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax lanceifolia subsp. reflexa (Norton) T.Koyama; Fl. Cambess., Laos & Vietn. 20: 112 (1983)
= Smilax lanceifolia var. reflexa (J.B.Norton) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 26 (1960)
= Smilax micropoda var. reflexa J.B.Norton; Pl. Wilson. 3(1): 6 (1916)
species :
Smilax china
L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1029 (1753)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; India (Assam, Meghalaya); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus japonicus Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 268 (1850)
= Smilax china f. gigantifolia (Sasam.) T.Koyama; Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.) 4b: 100 (2016)
= Smilax china f. igaensis (Masam. & Kurok.) T.Koyama; Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.) 4b: 100 (2016)
= Smilax china f. pruniformis (Honda) Sugim.; New Keys Jap. Trees: 475 (1961)
= Smilax china f. variegata Hir.Takah.; J. Geobot. 20: 44 (1972)
= Smilax china f. xanthocarpa Sugim.; J. Geobot. 24(3): 63 (1977)
= Smilax china var. gigantifolia Sasam.; Fl. Coast. Zone Iwate 110 (1950)
= Smilax china var. igaensis Masam. & Kurok.; J. Geobot. 7: 18 (1958)
= Smilax china var. macrocarpa Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 635 (1932)
= Smilax china var. microphylla Nakai; Fl. Sylv. Kor. 22: 105 (1939)
= Smilax china var. pruniformis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 697 (1935)
= Smilax china var. recticaulis T.Koyama; Dansk Bot. Ark. 23: 12 (1963)
= Smilax china var. straminea F.P.Metcalf; Lingnan Sci. J. 10: 415 (1931)
= Smilax china var. taiheiensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 9 (1957)
= Smilax china var. yakushimensis Masam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 4: 195 (1932)
= Smilax pteropus Miq.; J. Bot. Neerl. 1: 89 (1861)
= Smilax taiheiensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 134-135 (1920)
= Smilax taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 372 (1912)
= Smilax thomsoniana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 104 (1878)
species :
Smilax chinensis
(F.T.Wang) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 58 (2013)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax chinensis F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 121 (1934)
species :
Smilax chingii
F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 426-427 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax chingii var. papillosifolia J.M.Xu; Fl. Sichuanica 7: 350 (1991)
= Smilax megalantha var. ferruginea F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 114 (1934)
= Smilax megalantha var. maclurei Merr.; Lingnan Sci. J. 13(1): 20-21 (1934)
species :
Smilax cinnamomea
Desf. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 146 (1878)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
species :
Smilax cissoides
Mart. ex Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 8 (1842)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax campestris var. spruceana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 133 (1878)
= Smilax cissoides var. laeviuscula A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 129 (1878)
species :
Smilax cocculoides
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 257-258 (1900)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax polycolea var. acuminata Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 257 (1900)
species :
Smilax cognata
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 175 (1850)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Tarija); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caazapa, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
species :
Smilax compta
(Killip & C.V.Morton) Ferrufino; Willdenowia 40(2): 244 (2010)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax lappacea var. ornata Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 289 (1936)
= Smilax spinosa var. compta Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 264 (1936)
species :
Smilax corbularia
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 262 (1850)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax balansaeana Baill. ex Gagnep.; Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 6: 760 (1934)
= Smilax banglaoensis R.H.Miao; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 1982(3): 76 (1982)
= Smilax peguana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 62 (1878)
= Smilax pseudochina Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 623 (non L.)
variant :
var. woodii
(Merr.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 15 (1960)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Pahang); Borneo
36 CHI 41 CBD LAO VIE 42 BOR MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax amaurophlebia Merr.; Lingnan Sci. J. 11(1): 39-40 (1932)
= Smilax woodii Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 27 (1929)
species :
Smilax cordato-ovata
Rich.; Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 113 (1792)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
species :
Smilax cordifolia
Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 778 (1806)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Smilax coriacea
Spreng.; Syst. 2: 103 (1825)
Name: Boyau-chat, Liane-bamboche, Liane-noyau, Salsepareille batard (Lesser Antilles); Dunguey blanco (Puerto Rico), Greenbrier (Virgin Isl.)
Distribution: Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Guadeloupe; Martinique
81 ABA GDL MAR PUE SAB STE STM VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax coriacea Bello; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 120 (1883), nom. illeg.
= Smilax havanensis var. portoricensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 124 (1878)
= Smilax rotundifolia Bello; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 120 (1883), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax cristalensis
Ferrufino & Greuter; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 16(5): 9 (2010)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax populnea var. angustata O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. 7: 492 (1913)
species :
Smilax cuprea
Ferrufino & Greuter; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 16(5): 11 (2010)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
species :
Smilax cuspidata
Duhamel; Arb. ed. Nov. 1: 242 (1803)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax floribunda Desv.; Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occ. 58 (1825)
species :
Smilax darrisii
H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(341-345): 533 (1913)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax davidiana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 104 (1878)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); NE-India (Manipur, Sikkim, West Bengal); Thailand; Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax adhaerens Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 71 (1934)
= Smilax china var. brachypoda Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 8(2): 92-93 (1927)
= Smilax microchina T.Koyama; Dansk Bot. Ark. 23: 15 (1963)
species :
Smilax densibarbata
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 76, f. 3 (1978)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax discotis
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 256 (1900)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, ?Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax domingensis
Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 783 (1806)
Name: Cacho de gallo, Bejuco zarzaparrilla, Raiz de China (ES)
Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas, Queretaro, Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan, Puebla, Veracruz, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Chiapas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Tortola); Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Guaviare, Huila, Magdalena, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Pando); N-Brazil (Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax balbisiana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 183 (1850)
= Smilax berteroi Spreng.; Syst. 2: 102 (1825)
= Smilax canaliculata F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 406 (1922)
= Smilax caudata Lundell; Wrightia 3: 162 (1966)
= Smilax chiapensis Lundell; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb., No. 7. 3 (1942)
= Smilax colubrina J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 45 (1931)
= Smilax domingensis Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 48 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Smilax domingensis var. microscola B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 35: 323 (1900)
= Smilax domingensis var. sagrana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 101 (1878)
= Smilax engleriana F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 407 (1922)
= Smilax eucalyptifolia Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 230 (1850)
= Smilax floribunda Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 229 (1850), nom. illeg.
= Smilax gilva J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 44 (1931)
= Smilax jauaensis Steyerm. & Maguire; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 854 (1972)
= Smilax krukovii A.C.Sm.; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 290 (1939)
= Smilax kunthii Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 269 (1936)
= Smilax lasseriana Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(1): 154 (1951)
= Smilax microscola (B.L.Rob.) Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 267 (1936)
= Smilax multiflora M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 9(2): 390 (1842)
= Smilax parvifolia Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 232 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Smilax reticulata Desv.; Ham., Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid.: 58 (1825)
= Smilax robusta Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 12 (1842)
= Smilax schlechtendalii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 224 (1850)
= Smilax schlechtendalii var. lindenii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 102 (1878)
= Smilax staminea f. obtusata Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(1): 156 (1951)
= Smilax staminea Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 11 (1842)
species :
Smilax ecirrhata
(Engelm. ex Kunth) S.Watson; A. Gray, Man. Bot. North. U. S. ed. 6, 520 (1890)
Name: Upright carrionflower
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Dakota, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus ecirrhatus (Engelm. ex Kunth) Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S., ed. 3: 504 (1897)
= Nemexia ecirrhata (Engelm. ex Kunth) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S.: 280 (1903)
= Smilax herbacea var. ecirrata (Engelm. ex Kunth) A.Gray ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 52 (1878)
species :
Smilax elastica
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 22 (1842)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax brasiliensis var. impressovenosa Mattos; Loefgrenia 54: 1 (1971)
= Smilax elastica var. aculeata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 140 (1878)
= Smilax ficifolia Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 21 (1842)
species :
Smilax elegans
Wall. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 163 (1850)
subspecies :
subsp. elegans
Distribution: S-Tibet; N-Pakistan (Swat); Nepal; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Myanmar; Thailand
36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax elegans subsp. glaucophylla (Klotzsch) Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 154 (1994)
= Smilax elegans Wall.; Numer. List: n. 5177B (1832), nom. nud.
= Smilax glaucophylla Klotzsch; Klotzsch & Garcke, Bot. Reise Pr. Waldemar: 45, t. 91 (1862)
= Smilax parvifolia Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 6(18): 304 (1892), nom. nud.) ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 304 (1892)
subspecies :
subsp. osmastonii
(F.T.Wang & Tang) Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 155 (1994)
Distribution: Nepal; ?Bhutan; India (Meghalaya, Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin)
40 IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax erecta Osmaston; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925:1925: 284 (1925), non Merr. (1918)
= Smilax osmastonii F.T.Wang & Tang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 298 (1937)
subspecies :
subsp. subrecta
Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 155 (1994)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Bhutan; India (Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin)
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax elegans var. major A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 107 (1878)
= Smilax longebracteolata Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 6(18): 305 (1892)
species :
Smilax elegantissima
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 619 (1934)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax polycephala F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 78 (1978)
species :
Smilax elmeri
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 13: 6 (1918)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao, Luzon, Bucas Grande); Moluccas
42 MOL PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax reticulata Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 2740 (1915), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax elongatoumbellata
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 358-359 (1911)
Distribution: ?Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax elongatoreticulata Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 357-358 (1911)
= Smilax elongatoumbellata f. elongatoreticulata (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 12 (1957)
species :
Smilax emeiensis
J.M.Xu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(3): 234-235, f. 3 (1985)
Distribution: China (C-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax erecta
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 13: 5 (1918)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Smilax excelsa
L.; Sp. Pl. 1029 (1753)
Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Azores [I] (Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Terceira [I], Graciosa [I], Sao Jorge [I], Pico [I]); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
13 BUL GRC TUE 21 azo 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax laevis Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 4: 129 (1852), pro syn.
= Smilax panduriformis Aliev; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 21: 80 (1961)
species :
Smilax ferox
Wall.; [Numer. List: 179, n. 5119 (1832), nom. nud.] ex Kunth, Enum. Pl. 5: 251 (1850)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 CBD LAO MYA VIE
species :
Smilax flavicaulis
Rusby; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 213 (1927)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Smilax fluminensis
Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 2: 598 (1841)
Name: Ajo del monte, zarzaparilla
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax china Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 10: tt. 105, 106 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Smilax syringoides Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 11 (1842)
= Smilax syringoides var. multiflora Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 12 (1843)
species :
Smilax fooningensis
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 74, f. 5 (1978)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax fortunensis
Ferrufino & Gómez-Laur.; Brenesia 83-84: 1, fig. 1 (2015)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
species :
Smilax fui
Z.C.Qi & P.Li; Phytotaxa 269(2): 128 (2016)
Distribution: Japan
38 JAP
species :
Smilax gagnepainii
T.Koyama; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 3(4): 163 (1977)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangxi, SE-Yunnan); Thailand; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax tetraptera Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 74 (1934) (non Schltr.)
species :
Smilax gaudichaudiana
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 252 (1850)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan); Taiwan; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax erythrantha Baill. ex Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 69. (1934)
= Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana (Kunth) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 17(2): 176 (1872)
= Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana var. hongkongensis (Seem.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 45 (1878)
= Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana var. latifolia Bodinier ex H.Lév.; Liliac. etc. Chine 22 (1905)
= Heterosmilax japonica var. gaudichaudiana (Kunth) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 244 (1978)
= Oligosmilax gaudichaudiana (Kunth) Seem.; J. Bot. 6(68): 258, pl. 83 (1868)
= Smilax hongkongensis Seem.; Bot. Voy. Herald 420-421 (1857)
= Smilax mcclurei T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 39 (1960)
species :
Smilax gigantea
Merr.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 85: 161 (1922)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
species :
Smilax gigantocarpa
Koord.; Syst. Verz. 1: 38 (1911)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Smilax glabra
Roxb.; Fl. Ind., ed. 1832 3: 792 (1832)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, S-Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, ?S-Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; India (Assam, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago, Mandalay, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BAN IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax blinii H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 256 (1914)
= Smilax calophylla var. concolor C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 96 (1903)
= Smilax dunniana H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9(222-226): 446 (1911)
= Smilax glabra var. maculata Bodinier ex H.Lév.; Liliac. etc. Chine 23 (1905)
= Smilax hookeri Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 162 (1850)
= Smilax lanceolata Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. 213 (1768) non L.
= Smilax mengmaensis R.H.Miao; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 1982(3): 75 (1982)
= Smilax trigona Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 258-259. (1900)
species :
Smilax glauca
Walter; Fl. Carol. 245 (1788)
Name: Cat greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax caroliniana F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 8: 305 (1838), nom. superfl.
= Smilax discolor Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 454 (1844)
= Smilax glauca var. discolor (Schltdl.) C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 305 (1962)
= Smilax glauca var. leucophylla Blake; Rhodora 20: 80 (1918)
= Smilax sarsaparilla L.; Sp. Pl.: 1029 (1753), p. p.
= Smilax spinulosa Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 33: no. 9 (1816)
species :
Smilax glaucochina
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 255 (1900)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 27 (1905)
= Smilax sebeana var. glaucochina (Warb.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 44 (1960)
species :
Smilax glyciphylla
J.White; J. Voy. N.S.W.: 230 (1790)
Distribution: Australia (N-Queensland, to Termeil, New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Smilax goyazana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 112 (1878)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Ceara); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Concepcion, San Pedro)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
species :
Smilax gracilior
Ferrufino & Greuter; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 16(5): 16 (2010)
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba
81 BAH CUB
species :
Smilax griffithii
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 198 (1878)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; India (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing, Shan); Thailand
36 TIB 40 BAN IND 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax griffithii var. borii Panigrahi & Naik; Curr. Sci. 33: 500 (1964)
= Smilax griffithii var. pallescens (A.DC.) T.Koyama; Advancing Frontiers Pl. Sci. 4: 45 (1963)
= Smilax pallescens A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 198 (1878)
species :
Smilax guianensis
Vitman; Summ. Veg. 5: 422 (1791)
Name: Devil Vine (Trinidad & Tobago); Basket vine, Boyau-chat, Boyau diable, Liane-boyau, Whist (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Trinidad; Venezuela (Carabobo, Yaracuy); Guyana; Surinam; ?French Guiana
81 ABA DOM GDL MAR SAB STE STL STV TRT 82 GUY SUR VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax guianensis var. subarmata O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 149 (1903)
= Smilax macrophylla var. variegata B.S.Williams; Choice Stove Orn.-Leav. Pl.: 295 (1870)
= Smilax macrophylla Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 786 (1806)
= Smilax megalophylla Duhamel; Arb. ed. Nov. 1: 244 (1801)
= Smilax subarmata (O.E.Schulz) O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 28 (1904)
species :
Smilax guiyangensis
C.X.Fu & C.D.Shen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(1): 70-72, f. 1 (1997)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax hastata
Jacq.; Enum. Pl. Carib. 33, Select. Am. 262 (1760)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)
81 HIS
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax bona-nox var. hastata (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. 5: 24 (1904), nom. illeg.
= Smilax jacquinii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 254 (1850), nom. superfl.
= Smilax lanceolata Walter; Fl. Carol.: 245 (1788), nom. illeg., non L.
species :
Smilax havanensis
Jacq.; Enum. Pl. Carib. 33, Select. Am. 262 (1760)
Name: Everglades greenbrier, Punguey blanco, Green briar
Distribution: USA (Florida); Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Hispaniola
78 USA 81 BAH CAY CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cumanensis Bertero ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 209 (non H. B. K. ex Willd.)
= Smilax dentata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 774 (1806)
= Smilax havanensis f. inermis O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 41 (1905)
= Smilax havanensis f. laevis O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 41 (1904)
= Smilax havanensis Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I.: 586 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Smilax havanensis subvar. dentata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 123 (1878)
= Smilax havanensis subvar. ovata (Duhamel) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 124 (1878)
= Smilax havanensis subvar. poiretii (Kunth) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 124 (1878)
= Smilax havanensis var. armata O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 41 (1904)
= Smilax ovata Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. éd., 1: 242 (1803)
= Smilax poiretii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 261 (1850)
= Smilax spinosa Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 6: 467 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Smilax spinosa var. ovata (Duhamel) Poir.; Encycl. 6: 467 (1805)
species :
Smilax hayatae
T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 15, pl. 2 (1957)
Distribution: China (N-Guangdong); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax gracillima Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 359-360 (1911) (non H. Lév. & Vaniot 1905)
species :
Smilax hemsleyana
Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912(10): 409 (1912)
Distribution: China (S-Guizhou, Yunnan); Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax zeylanica subsp. hemsleyana (Craib) T.Koyama; Fl. Thailand 2: 218 (1975)
species :
Smilax herbacea
L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
Name: Smooth carrionflower
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus consanguineus Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 268 (1850)
= Coprosmanthus herbaceus (L.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 265 (1850)
= Coprosmanthus peduncularis (Muhl. ex Willd.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 264 (1850)
= Nemexia cerulea Raf.; Neogenyt. 3 (1825)
= Nemexia herbacea (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 281 (1903)
= Nemexia nigra Raf.; Neogenyt. 3 (1825)
= Smilax herbacea subsp. crispifolia Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 62: 559 (1910)
= Smilax herbacea var. humilis Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 54 (1900)
= Smilax herbacea var. latifolia House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 26: 21 (1925)
= Smilax herbacea var. peduncularis (Muhl. ex Willd.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 51 (1878)
= Smilax herbacea var. simsii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 51 (1878)
= Smilax longifolia P.Watson; Dendrol. Brit. 2: t. 110 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Smilax peduncularis Muhl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 786 (1806)
= Smilax watsonii Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 414 (1826)
species :
Smilax hilariana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 131 (1878)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax hirtellicaulis
C.Y.Wu & C.Chen ex P.Li; Phytotaxa 275(2): 163 (2016)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax horridiramula
Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 131-133, f. 46 (1920)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax hugeri
(Small) Norton ex Pennell; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 43: 420 (1916)
Name: Huger´s carrionflower
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Nemexia elliptica Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 131 (1840)
= Nemexia hugeri Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 280 (1903)
= Smilax ecirrhata var. hugeri (Small) Ahles; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 80: 172 (1964)
species :
Smilax hypoglauca
Benth.; Fl. Hongk. 369-370 (1861)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Jiangxi, ?Yunnan); Borneo
36 CHI 42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax corbularia var. hypoglauca (Benth.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 15 (1960)
species :
Smilax ilicifolia
Desv.; Ham., Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid.: 58 (1825)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax coriacea var. ilicifolia (Desv.) O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 150 (1903)
species :
Smilax illinoensis
Mangaly; Rhodora 70: 263 (1968)
Name: Illinois greenbrier
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
species :
Smilax indosinica
Koyama; Quarterly J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 21 (1960)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax brevipes Koyama; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 71: 305 (1958) (non Jord.)
species :
Smilax insularis
T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 1: 244 (2017)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax inversa
T.Koyama; Brittonia 26(2): 134 (1974)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
species :
Smilax irrorata
Mart. ex Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Braz. 3: t. 10 (1842)
Distribution: Venezuela; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal)
82 FRG VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Remarks: often included in S. maypurensis; distribution data might be confused
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax benthamiana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 114 (1878)
= Smilax riedeliana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 141 (1878)
species :
Smilax jamesii
G.A.Wallace; Brittonia 31(3): 416 (1979)
Name: English Peak greenbrier
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Smilax japicanga
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 6 (1842)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax javensis
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 175 (1878)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Smilax kaniensis
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 563 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland: Cape York peninsula)
42 NWG 50 AUS
species :
Smilax keyensis
Warb. ex K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 564 (1925)
Distribution: Moluccas (Kei Isl.)
42 MOL
species :
Smilax kingii
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 6: 307 (1892)
Distribution: India (Sikkim); peninsular Malaysia
40 IND 42 MLY
species :
Smilax klotzschii
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 245 (1850)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax klotzschii var. angulosa A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 189 (1878)
species :
Smilax korthalsii
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 48 (1878)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
species :
Smilax koyamae
T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 1: 244 (2016)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax kwangsiensis
F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 425 (1934)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangdong, S-Guangxi)
36 CHI
variant :
var. setulosa
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 254 (1978)
Distribution: China (SW-Guangdong)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax laevis
Wall. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 56 (1878)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax asiatica Kladwong, Chantar. & D.A.Simpson; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 46(1): 44 (2018), nom. nov. illeg.
= Smilax laevis var. ophirensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 56 (1878)
= Smilax laevis var. parkii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 57 (1878)
= Smilax laevis Wall.; Numer. List no. 5116 (1831), nom. nud.
= Smilax lanceifolia subsp. opaca (A.DC.) T.Koyama; Fl. E. Himalaya 2: 172 (1971)
= Smilax lanceifolia var. opaca A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 57 (1878)
= Smilax opaca (A.DC.) J.B.Norton; Pl. Wilson. 3(1): 11 (1916)
= Smilax zeylanica var. penangensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 191 (1878)
species :
Smilax lanceifolia
Roxb.; [Hort. Bengal.: 72 (1814), nom. nud.], Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 3: 792 (1832)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing, Shan); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Sumatra; Borneo; Philippines (Luzon)
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax micropoda A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 58 (1878)
variant :
var. elongata
(Warb.) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 220 (1978)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, ?Yunnan); Nepal; Thailand
36 CHI 40 NEP 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax austrosinensis F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 423-424 (1934)
= Smilax microphylla subsp. elongata (Warb.) Koyama; Fl. Thailand 2(3): 237 (1975)
= Smilax microphylla var. elongata Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 259 (1900)
= Smilax tortopetiolata H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 26 (1905)
variant :
var. impressinervia
(F.T.Wang & Tang) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 26 (1960)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax impressinervia F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 425-426 (1934)
variant :
var. lanceolata
(J.B.Norton) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 26 (1960)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cocculoides var. lanceolata J.B.Norton; Pl. Wilson. 3(1): 11 (1916)
species :
Smilax lappacea
Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 777 (1806)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Ecuador; Peru; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
82 VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax acanthophylla Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 10: t. 114 (1831)
species :
Smilax larvata
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: t. 19 (1842)
Distribution: N-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax lasioneura
Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 173 (1838)
Name: Blue Ridge carrionflower
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus lasioneuron (Hook.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 265 (1850)
= Nemexia diversifolia (Small) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S.: 281 (1903)
= Nemexia herbacea subsp. melica A.Nelson; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 17: 175 (1904)
= Nemexia lasioneura (Hook.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 610 (1905)
= Nemexia melica A.Nelson; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 17: 175 (1904)
= Nemexia tenuis (Small) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S.: 281 (1903)
= Smilax diversifolia Small; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 25: 607 (1898)
= Smilax herbacea subsp. lasioneura (Hook.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 30: 850 (1981)
= Smilax herbacea var. inodora M.E.Jones; Bot. Gaz. 4: 248 (1879)
= Smilax herbacea var. lasioneura (Hook.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 52 (1878)
= Smilax tenuis Small; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 25: 607 (1898)
species :
Smilax laurifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
Name: Laurel greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Bahamas; Cuba
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 81 BAH CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Parillax laurifolia (L.) Raf.; Neogenyt. 3 (1825)
= Smilax alba Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 250 (1813)
= Smilax hastata var. lanceolata (L.) Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 249 (1813)
= Smilax lanceolata L.; Sp. Pl.: 1031 (1753)
= Smilax laurifolia var. bupleurifolia A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 99 (1878)
= Smilax virginiana Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: no. 9 (1768)
species :
Smilax lebrunii
H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 257 (1914)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Myanmar (Shan)
36 CHI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax megalantha var. asperata F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 114 (1934)
species :
Smilax leucophylla
Blume; Enum. Pl. Jav. 1: 18 (1827)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak, Pahang, Johor); Singapore; Sulawesi; Palawan (incl. Culion); Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao); Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); N-Australia
41 MYA 42 JAW MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL 50 AUS
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax dulcis Desf.; Tabl. École Bot.: 218 (1804)
= Smilax glycyphylla Hassk.; Flora 25: II. Beibl. 4 (1842)
= Smilax latifolia Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. 2.: 548 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Smilax leucophylla var. retusa (Blume) Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 250 (1850)
= Smilax retusa Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae: 18 (1827)
= Smilax vicaria Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 262 (1850)
species :
Smilax ligneoriparia
C.X.Fu & P.Li; Taxon 60(4): 1108 (2011)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax ligustrifolia
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 63 (1878)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax loheri
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 10: 294 (1915)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Smilax longiflora
(K.Y.Guan & Noltie) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax longiflora K.Y.Guan & Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 50: 59-61 (1993)
species :
Smilax longifolia
Rich.; Act. Soc. Hit. Nat. Par. 1: 113 (1792)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Colombia (Amazonas, Putumayo); Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda); Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas)
81 HIS 82 CLM FRG SUR VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sarsaparilla acuminata (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 713 (1891)
= Smilax acuminata Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 779 (1806)
= Smilax flavescens Desv.; Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occ. 58 (1825)
= Smilax longifolia var. variegata B.S.Williams; Choice Stove Orn.-Leav. Pl.: 294 (1870)
= Smilax officinalis Poepp. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 150 (1878), nom. illeg.
= Smilax papyracea Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. éd., 1: 242 (1803)
= Smilax syphilitica Mart.; Reise Bras. 3: 1280 (1831), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax lucida
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 13: 5 (1918) 13: 5 (1918)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Smilax luei
T.Koyama; Taiwania 20(2): 117 (1975)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax lunglingensis
F.T.Wang & Tang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 7(2): 86-87 (1936)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax siderophylla Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(5): 1224, f. 35 (1936)
species :
Smilax lushuiensis
S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26(2): 142-143, pl. 1, f. 4 (1988)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax lutescens
Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 10: t. 109 (1831)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax ramiflora Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 7 (1842)
species :
Smilax luzonensis
C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 131 (1827)
Distribution: India (Uttarakhand); Andaman / Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Mandalay, Shan, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka); Sumatra; Philippines (Luzon, Panay, Catanduanes, Mindanao); Java
40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW MLY PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax helferi A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 176 (1878)
= Smilax helferi var. maingayana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 176 (1878)
= Smilax singaporensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 177 (1878)
species :
Smilax macrocarpa
Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 1: 19 (1827)
Distribution: ?Myanmar; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Java
41 VIE 42 JAW MLY
species :
Smilax magnifolia
J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 46 (1931)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Smilax mairei
H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 39 (1915)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax malipoensis
S.C.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 113-114, photo 2 (1983)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax maritima
Feay ex Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 1861: 702 (1861)
Name: Lanceleaf greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia)
74 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cinnamomifolia Small; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 25: 609 (1898)
= Smilax ovata Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 249 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Smilax ovata var. buckleyi A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 81 (1878)
= Smilax smallii Morong; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 21: 430 (1894)
species :
Smilax maypurensis
Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 776 (1806)
Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Meta, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Monagas); French Guiana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Bahia)
82 CLM FRG VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA
species :
Smilax megacarpa
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 186 (1878)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; NE-India (Meghalaya); Andaman Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Penang); +Singapore; Borneo
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR MLY SNG
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax extensa Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 6: 305 (1892) [non Wall. ex DC. 1878]
species :
Smilax megalantha
C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895(100-101): 118 (1895)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cinerea Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 258 (1900)
= Smilax loupouensis H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Geogr. Bot. 25: 38 (1915)
= Smilax megalantha var. alata F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 113 (1934)
= Smilax tortuosa Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5(25): 297 (1912)
species :
Smilax melanocarpa
Ridl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 229 (1916)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax melastomifolia
Sm.; Rees, Cycl. 33: n. 5 (1816)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleiosmilax menziesii Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 194, t. 81 (1868)
= Pleiosmilax sandwicensis (Kunth) Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 193 (1868)
= Smilax hawaiensis Seem.; Fl. Vit. 309 (1868)
= Smilax melastomifolia var. subinermis Hillebr.
= Smilax sandwicensis Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 253 (1850)
= Smilax sandwicensis var. crassifolia Hillebr.
species :
Smilax menispermoidea
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 108 (1878)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Myanmar; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA VIE 42 MLY PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax luteocaulis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13(368-369): 339 (1914)
= Smilax rubriflora Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 9(1): 21-22 (1928)
species :
Smilax micrandra
(T.Koyama) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: China (S-Hainan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax micrandra T.Koyama; Brittonia 36(2): 201 (1984)
species :
Smilax micrantha
Blume; Enum. Pl. Jav. 1: 18 (1827)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax japonica var. javanica A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 43 (1878)
= Heterosmilax micrantha (Blume) Bakh.f.; Blumea 6: 400 (1950)
species :
Smilax microdontus
Z.S.Sun & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 212(3): 209 (2015)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Jiangsu, Shandong)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax microphylla
C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895(100-101): 117-118 (1895)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); SE-Tibet; N-Myanmar; N-Thailand; N-Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax castaneiflora H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 39 (1915)
= Smilax elegans subsp. microphylla (C.H.Wright) Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 158 (1994)
= Smilax gracillima H.Lév. & Vaniot; Liliac. etc. Chine 26 (1905)
= Smilax labordei H.Lév. & Vaniot; Liliac. etc. Chine 27 (1905)
= Smilax microphylla var. angustifolia Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 259 (1900)
species :
Smilax minarum
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 113 (1878)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax minutiflora
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 109 (1878)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar
40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
species :
Smilax modesta
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 185 (1878)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo; Java
42 BOR JAW SUM
species :
Smilax mollis
Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 785 (1806)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Caldas, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, Valle)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax angustiflora A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 67 (1878)
= Smilax candelariae A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 70 (1878)
= Smilax gentlei Lundell; Wrightia 3: 163 (1966)
= Smilax gymnopoda F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 401 (1922)
= Smilax hirsutior (Killip & C.V.Morton) C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 307 (1962)
= Smilax mollis var. acuminata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 68 (1878)
= Smilax mollis var. congestiflora C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 301 (1962)
= Smilax mollis var. hirsutior Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 288 (1936)
= Smilax mollis var. pavoniana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 68 (1878)
= Smilax mollis var. villosa C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 301 (1962)
= Smilax ovata Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 232 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Smilax pavoniana (A.DC.) F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 400 (1922)
= Smilax pringlei Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 34: 567 (1899)
= Smilax triplinervia Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. 251 (1866)
= Smilax triplinervia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 4: 784 (1806)
= Smilax uruapensis Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 232 (1894)
species :
Smilax moranensis
M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 9(2): 389 (1842)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax acutifolia Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 449 (1844)
= Smilax botterii A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 89 (1878)
= Smilax cordifolia var. papantlae A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 84 (1878) (1878)
= Smilax cordifolia var. schiedeana (Kunth) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 84 (1878)
= Smilax densiflora A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 88 (1878)
= Smilax densiflora var. christmarensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 89 (1878)
= Smilax erythrocarpa Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 234 (1850)
= Smilax glaucocarpos Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 450 (1844)
= Smilax invenusta Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 234 (1805)
= Smilax invenusta var. armata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 91 (1878)
= Smilax jalapensis Schltdl.; Linnaea 18: 451 (1844)
= Smilax jalapensis var. botteri (A.DC.) Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 280 (1936)
= Smilax jalapensis var. inermis F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 403 (1922)
= Smilax moranensis f. hispida C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 306 (1962)
= Smilax moranensis var. mexiae Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 278 (1936)
= Smilax moranensis var. schaffneriana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 88 (1878)
= Smilax pseudochina Schiede ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 84
= Smilax schaffneriana (A.DC.) F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 408 (1922)
= Smilax schiedeana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 236 (1850)
= Smilax sylvatica Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 234 (1850)
= Smilax xalapensis Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 258 (1850)
species :
Smilax munita
S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(4): 436-437 (1996)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax hajrae R.C.Srivast.; Fl. Sikkim 1: 164 (1996)(nom. nov. for S. rigida)
= Smilax myrtillus var. rigida Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(2): 160 (1994)
= Smilax rigida Wall. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 164 (1850)
species :
Smilax muscosa
Toledo; Arquiv. Bot. Estad. Sao Paulo, n. s., form. maior 2: 26 (1946)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax myosotiflora
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 65 (1878)
Distribution: Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Borneo
41 MYA THA 42 BOR MLY SNG
Conservation Status: vulnerable (Singapore)
species :
Smilax myrtillus
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 106 (1878)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim); Myanmar (Chin); Thailand; Laos
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax myrtillus var. dulongensis H.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 19, f. 1, 1-3 (1992)
= Smilax rigida subsp. myrtillus (A.DC.) T.Koyama; Bull. Univ. Mus. Univ. Tokyo 2: 173 (1971)
species :
Smilax nageliana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 184 (1878)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Smilax nana
F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 116 (1934)
Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax nantoensis
T.Koyama; Taiwania 20: 120 (1975)
Distribution: C-Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax neocaledonica
Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 31 (1906)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax neocyclophylla
I.M.Turner; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 51(5): 308 (2014), nom. nov.
Distribution: China
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cyclophylla Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 257 (1900)
species :
Smilax nervomarginata
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 361 (1911)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Ryukyu Isl.
36 CHI 38 NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax megacarpa Morong; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 434 (1894), nom. illeg., non A. DC.
= Smilax sempervirens F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 116 (1934)
variant :
var. liukiuensis
(Hayata) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 15: 217 (1978)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Ryukyu Isl.
36 CHI 38 NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax liukiuensis Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 30: Art. 1, 360 (1911)
species :
Smilax nigrescens
F.T.Wang & Tang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 253 (1966)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax nipponica
Miq.; Versl. en Med. Kon. Akad. Welensch. II. 2: 87 (1868)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus nipponicus (Miq.) Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 8: 260 (1939)
= Coprosmanthus simadai (Masam.) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 342 (1939)
= Smilax herbacea var. higoensis (Miq.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 7: 135 (1893)
= Smilax herbacea var. intermedia C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 97-98 (1903)
= Smilax herbacea var. nipponica (Miq.) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 17(2): 174 (1872)
= Smilax herbacea var. oblonga C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 98 (1903)
= Smilax higoensis Miq.; Versl. en Med. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 11. 2: 88 (1868)
= Smilax longipedunculata Merr.; Sunyatsenia 1(4): 190-191, t. 34. (1934)
= Smilax nipponica f. grandifolia H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 150 (1958)
= Smilax nipponica subsp. manshurica Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 4: 102 (1940)
= Smilax nipponica var. angustifolia Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat.: 9 (1930)
= Smilax nipponica var. higoensis (Miq.) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 6(8): 17 (1930)
= Smilax nipponica var. manshurica (Kitag.) Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 25: 45 (1950)
= Smilax oblonga (C.H.Wright) Norton; Gentes Herbarum 1: 15 (1920)
= Smilax oldhamii f. angustifolia (Koidz.) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 63 (1953)
= Smilax oldhamii f. higoensis (Miq.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 7 (1957)
= Smilax oldhamii f. subtrifoliata Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 421 (1931)
= Smilax oldhamii f. tenuifolia Hisauti; J. Jap. Bot. 16: 565 (1940)
= Smilax oldhamii var. higoensis (Miq.) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 63 (1953)
= Smilax simadai Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 270 (1939)
species :
Smilax nova-guineensis
T.Koyama; Makinoa, n. s. 1: 76 (2001)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.
42 NWG 43 BIS
species :
Smilax obliquata
Duhamel; Arb. ed. Nov. 1: 242 (1803)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Smilax oblongata
Sw.; Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 59 (1788)
Name: Running Picka, Sarsparilla (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Costa Rica; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Venezuela (Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Zulia); Venezuelan Antilles; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru
80 COS 81 BBD GRE STL STV TRT VEN 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax cumanensis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 783 (1806)
= Smilax cumanensis var. infesta O.E.Schulz; I. Urb., Symb. Antill. 5: 36 (1904)
= Smilax globifera G.Mey.; Prim. Fl. Esseq. 281 (1818)
= Smilax globulifera Splitg. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 119 (1878), pro syn.
= Smilax hostmanniana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 170 (1850)
= Smilax oblongata var. viscifolia O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. 5: 43 (1904)
= Smilax pirarensis Kunth & R.H.Schomb. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 165 (1850)
= Smilax surinamensis Miq.; Linnaea 17: 63 (1843)
species :
Smilax oblongifolia
Pohl ex Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: t. 13 (1842)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax coriifolia A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 112 (1878)
species :
Smilax ocreata
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 191 (1878)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax perulata H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 78 (1910)
= Smilax roxburghiana Wall.; (Numer. List: 179, n. 5115 (1832), nom. nud.) ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 311 (1892) (p. p., excl. syn. S. orthoptera)
species :
Smilax odoratissima
Blume; Enum. Pl. Jav. 1: 19 (1827)
Distribution: Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Selangor); Borneo; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.)
40 BAN 41 AND 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY SUL
species :
Smilax officinalis
Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 271 (1816)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica [I]; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Caquetá, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Putumayo, Quindío, Valle); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 jam 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax barbillana Cufod.; Arch. Bot. (Forlì) 9: 186 (1933)
= Smilax bernhardii F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 418 (1922)
= Smilax chiriquensis C.V.Morton; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 29: 326 (1942)
= Smilax gilgiana F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 417 (1922)
= Smilax ornata Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 115: t. 7054 (1889), nom. illeg.
= Smilax standleyi Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 280 (1936)
= Smilax tonduzii F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 414 (1922)
= Smilax vanilliodora F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 416 (1922)
species :
Smilax orbiculata
Labill.; Sert. Austro-Caled. 18, t. 23 (1824)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax ornata
Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. 12: t. 439 (1865)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax grandifolia Regel; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1856: 16 (1856), nom. illeg.
= Smilax regelii f. albida (Killip & C.V.Morton) Standl. & Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 24(3): 98 (1952)
= Smilax regelii Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 272 (1936)
= Smilax regelii var. albida Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 273 (1936)
= Smilax utilis Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 26: t. 2589 (1899), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax orthoptera
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 193 (1878)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar
40 ban BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
species :
Smilax outanscianensis
Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 18(1): 109 (1911)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax discotis subsp. concolor (J.B.Norton) T.Koyama; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 3(4): 157 (1977)
= Smilax discotis var. concolor J.B.Norton; Pl. Wilson. 3(1): 6 (1916)
species :
Smilax ovalifolia
Roxb.; [Hort. Bengal.: 72 (1814), nom. nud.] ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 49 (1825)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Pakistan (Kurram, Swat); Nepal; India (almost throughout, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN IND NEP PAK 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax columnifera Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 49 (1825), pro syn.
= Smilax grandifolia Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calc. 648 (1845) non Buckley 1843
= Smilax grandis Wall. ex Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calc. 649 (1845)
= Smilax macrophylla Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal.: 72 (1814), nom. nud.), Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 3: 793 (1832) (non Willd. (1806))
= Smilax ovalifolia var. parvigloba A.DC.; 1878
= Smilax ovalifolia var. polystemon A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 200 (1878)
= Smilax retusa Roxb.; Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 3: 793 (1832), nom. illeg.
= Smilax roxburghii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 852 (1850)
species :
Smilax ovatolanceolata
Koyama; Quarterly J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 36 (1960)
Distribution: Borneo; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 BOR NWG
species :
Smilax pachysandroides
T.Koyama; Brittonia 26(2): 136 (1974)
Distribution: China (W-Hubei, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax umbrosa J.M.Xu; Bull. Bot. Lab. N.-E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 6(2): 67, photo 1 (1986)
species :
Smilax paniculata
(Gagnep.) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013), nom. illeg., non M. Martens & Galeotti 1842
Distribution: Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax paniculata Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 69 (1934)
species :
Smilax papuana
Lauterb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 300 (1913)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax perfoliata
Lour.; Fl. Cochin.: 622 (1790)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax annamensis Rendle; J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Thailand 4: 124 (1921)
= Smilax laurina Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 248 (1850)
species :
Smilax pertenuis
Koyama; Quarterly J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 38 (1960)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax pertenuis (Koyama) Koyama; Fl. Thailand 2(3): 250 (1975)
species :
Smilax petelotii
T.Koyama; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 3(4): 160 (1977)
Distribution: China (S-Guangxi, SE-Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax planipes F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 76, f. 2 (1978)
species :
Smilax pilcomayensis
Guagl. & Gattuso; Bol. Soc. Argentina. Bot., 27(1-2): 118 (1991)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Concepcion, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
species :
Smilax pilosa
Andreata & Leoni; Syst. Bot. 34(1): 28 (2009)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax pinfaensis
H.Lév. & Vaniot; Mem. Pontif. Accad. Romana Nuovi Lincei 23: 355 (1905)
Distribution: China (SC-Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax plurifurcata
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 65 (1878)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax poilanei
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 73 (1934)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Smilax polyacantha
Wall. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 239 (1850)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars); peninsular Malaysia
40 IND 41 NCB 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax polyacantha Wall.; Numer. List no. 5127
species :
Smilax polyandra
(Gagnep.) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); India (Manipur, Nagaland); Thailand; Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax polyandra Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 70 (1934)
species :
Smilax polyantha
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 8 (1842)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Amambay)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax macropoda A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 115 (1878)
= Smilax medicinalis S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II. 4: 496 (1895)
species :
Smilax polycolea
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 257 (1900)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax populnea
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 192 (1850)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax populnea var. horrida O.E.Schulz; I. Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 44 (1904)
species :
Smilax pottingeri
Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 69: 174 (1900)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax pottingeri (Prain) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 245 (1978)
= Smilax jiankunii H.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 21, f. 1: 7-8 (1992)
species :
Smilax prolifera
Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal.: 72 (1814), nom. nud. Wall., Numer. List: 179, n. 5124 (1832), nom. nud.), Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 3: 795 (1832)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand
40 BAN IND 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax siamensis T.Koyama; Brittonia 26: 136 (1974)
species :
Smilax pseudochina
L.; Sp. Pl. 1031 (1753)
Name: Bamboo vine
Distribution: Bangladesh [I]; USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia)
40 ban 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus tamnifolius (Michx.) Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 267 (1850)
= Nemexia leptanthera (Pennell) Small; Man. Southeast. Fl. 311 (1933)
= Nemexia tamnifolia (Michx.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 281 (1903)
= Smilax farinosa Raf.; Autikon Bot. 129 (1840)
= Smilax hederifolia Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 12 (1768)
= Smilax inermis Walter; Fl. Carol.: 244 (1788)
= Smilax leptanthera Pennell; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 43: 412 (1916)
= Smilax pandurata Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 127 (1840), nom. illeg.
= Smilax tamnifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 238 (1803)
species :
Smilax pulverulenta
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 238 (1803)
Name: Downy carrionflower
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Nemexia pulverulenta (Michx.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 281 (1903)
= Smilax herbacea var. pulverulenta (Michx.) A.Gray; Manual, ed. 2: 463 (1856)
species :
Smilax pumila
Walter; Fl. Carol. 244 (1788)
Name: Sarsaparilla vine
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parillax pumila (Walter) Raf.; Neogenyt. 3 (1825)
= Smilax humilis Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: no. 11 (1768), nom. rej.
= Smilax pubera Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 238 (1803)
= Smilax puberula Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 193 (1850)
species :
Smilax purhampuy
Ruiz; Mem. Raiz de Purhampuy 65 (1821)
Distribution: Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Huila, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Barinas, Bolívar, Falcon, Trujillo); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz)
80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax febrifuga Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 201 (1850)
= Smilax febrifuga var. aequatoris A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 159 (1878)
= Smilax graciliflora A.C.Sm.; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 291 (1939)
= Smilax grandifolia Poepp. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 142 (1878)
= Smilax insignis Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 200 (1850)
= Smilax macrophylla Poepp. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 142 (1878)
= Smilax panamensis Morong; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 21: 441 (1894)
= Smilax poeppigii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 192 (1850)
= Smilax ramonensis F.W.Apt; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 405 (1922)
= Smilax ruiziana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 200 (1850)
species :
Smilax purpurata
G.Forst.; Prod. 70 (1786)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax pygmaea
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 5(4): 339 (1910)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax glaucophylla var. randaiensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 15 (1957)
= Smilax menispermoidea subsp. randaiensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B 3(4): 160 (1977), et Fl. Taiwan 5: 125 (1978)
= Smilax menispermoidea var. randaiensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 32 (1960)
= Smilax randaiensis Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 362-363 (1911)
species :
Smilax quadrata
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 183 (1878)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan, WC-Yunnan); ?Tibet; NE-India (Manipur, Meghalaya); Myanmar (Bago, Mandalay)
36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA
species :
Smilax quadrumbellata
T.Koyama; J. Jap. Bot. 42: 189 (1967)
Distribution: India (Bihar, West Bengal)
40 IND
species :
Smilax quinquenervia
Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 10: t. 108 (1827)
Distribution: French Guiana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando); NE-Brazil; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
82 FRG 83 BOL PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax officinalis Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 2(1): 6 (1842), nom. illeg.
= Smilax pohliana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 228 (1850)
= Smilax procera Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 6 (1842)
= Smilax tijucensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 94 (1878)
= Smilax tijucensis var. gardneriana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 94 (1878)
= Smilax tijucensis var. pohliana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 94 (1878)
species :
Smilax remotinervis
Hand.-Mazz.; Denkschr. Akad. Wien, Math.-Nat. 79: 224 (1908)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax retroflexa
(F.T.Wang & Tang) S.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34(4): 436 (1996)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, S-Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax aberrans subsp. retroflexa (F.T.Wang & Tang) T.Koyama; Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 20: 82 (1983)
= Smilax aberrans var. retroflexa F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 254 (1978)
species :
Smilax riparia
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 55 (1878)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, ?Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; Cambodia; Vietnam; Philippines
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 41 CBD VIE 42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus oldhamii var. daibuensis (Hayata) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 342 (1939)
= Coprosmanthus pseudochina var. daibuensis (Hayata) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 342 (1939)
= Smilax excelsa f. ussuriensis Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 150 (1861)
= Smilax flaccida C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895(100-101): 118 (1895)
= Smilax herbacea var. angusta C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 97 (1903)
= Smilax herbacea var. daibuensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 131, f. 45: 4-5 (1920)
= Smilax herbacea var. flaccida (C.H.Wright) Norton ex L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herb. 1: 15 (1920)
= Smilax herbacea var. foetida H.Lév.; Liliac. etc. Chine 23 (1905)
= Smilax herbacea var. heterophylla H.Lév.; Liliac. etc. Chine 23 (1905)
= Smilax herbacea var. lancilimba Merr.; Lingnan Sci. J. 5(1-2): 48 (1927)
= Smilax higoensis var. maximowiczii (Koidz.) Kitag.; Bull. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchukuo 4: 103 (1940)
= Smilax higoensis var. ussuriensis (Regel) Kitag.; Bull. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 4: 103 (1940)
= Smilax maximowiczii Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 10 (1930)
= Smilax oldhamii var. daibuensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 6 (1957)
= Smilax oldhamii var. sadoensis (Honda) Satomi; Hokuriku J. Bot. 6: 28 (1957)
= Smilax oldhamii var. ussuriensis (Regel) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 54 (1878)
= Smilax ovatorotunda f. maximowiczii (Koidz.) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 151 (1958)
= Smilax ovatorotunda f. sadoensis (Honda) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 151 (1958)
= Smilax ovatorotunda f. stenophylla H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 151 (1958)
= Smilax ovatorotunda Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 133, f. 48: 2 (1920)
= Smilax ovatorotunda var. ussuriensis (Regel) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33(5): 151 (1958)
= Smilax riparia f. ovatorotunda (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 40 (1960)
= Smilax riparia f. sadoensis (Honda) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 42 (1960)
= Smilax riparia f. stenophylla (H.Hara) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 42 (1960)
= Smilax riparia subsp. ussuriensis (Regel) Kitag.; Neo-Lineam. Fl. Manshur.: 182 (1979)
= Smilax riparia var. ussuriensis (Regel) H.Hara & T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 41 (1960)
= Smilax sadoensis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 65: 168 (1952)
= Smilax takaoensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 135-137 (1920)
variant :
var. acuminata
(C.H.Wright) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 192 (1978)
Distribution: China (Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax herbacea var. acuminata C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 97-98 (1903)
variant :
var. pubescens
(C.H.Wright) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 192 (1978)
Distribution: China (W-Hubei)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax herbacea var. pubescens C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36(250): 98 (1903)
species :
Smilax rotundifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
Name: Roundleaf greenbrier
Distribution: Canada (Nova Scotia, Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax caduca L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
= Smilax ciliata Steud. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 74 (1878), pro syn.
= Smilax deltifolia Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 127 (1840)
= Smilax deltifolia var. compressa Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 127 (1840)
= Smilax engelmanniana Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 221 (1850)
= Smilax platoplis Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 126 (1840)
= Smilax quadrangularis Muhl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 775 (1806)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. caduca (L.) Prov.; Fl. Canad. 2: 589 (1863)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. crenulata Small & A.Heller; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 3(1): 17 (1892)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. engelmanniana (Kunth) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 76 (1878)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. missourensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 75 (1878)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. parviflora A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 76 (1878)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. quadrangularis (Muhl. ex Willd.) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot., ed. 2a: 544 (1847)
= Smilax rotundifolia var. sprengelii (Kunth) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 75 (1878)
= Smilax sprengelii Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 207 (1850)
= Smilax tetragona M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 9(2): 390 (1842), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax roxburghiana
Wall. ex A.DC.; Rapp. [Not.] Pl. Rar. Genève 7: 314 (1836)
Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax laurifolia Roxb.; Fl. Ind. ed. 1832. 3: 793 (1832), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax rubromarginata
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 566 (1925)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Smilax rufescens
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 9 (1842)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia, Alagoas); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax corcovadensis Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 226 (1850)
= Smilax nitida Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 9 (1842)
species :
Smilax sailenii
Sarma, Baruah & Borthakur; Taiwania 63(1): 32 (2018)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam)
40 IND
species :
Smilax salicifolia
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 19 (1842)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax longifolia Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. 45: t. 521 (1867)
species :
Smilax sanguinea
Posada-Ar.; Estud. Ci.: 126 (1909)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Smilax santaremensis
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 115 (1878)
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)
82 FRG GUY SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax santaremensis var. subarmata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 116 (1878)
species :
Smilax saulensis
J.D.Mitch.; Brittonia 46(3): 225 (1994)
Distribution: French Guiana
82 FRG
species :
Smilax schomburgkiana
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 187 (1805)
Distribution: Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas); Venezuela; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil; NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil
81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax immersa A.C.Sm.; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 67: 284 (1940)
= Smilax latipes Gleason; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 56: 19 (1929)
= Smilax pseudosyphilitica Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 188 (1850)
= Smilax pseudosyphilitica var. foliosa A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 157 (1878)
= Smilax schomburgkiana var. foliosa A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 156 (1878)
= Smilax schomburgkiana var. gracilis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 156 (1878)
= Smilax syphilitica Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 20 (1842), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax scobinicaulis
C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895(100-101): 117 (1895)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax brevipes var. angustifolia Pamp.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 22: 267 (1915)
= Smilax brevipes Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 256-257 (1900)
= Smilax cavaleriei H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 27 (1905)
= Smilax martini H.Lév. & Vaniot; Liliac. etc. Chine 26 (1905)
= Smilax microphylla var. nigrescens Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(2): 259 (1900)
= Smilax ocreata H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 26 (1905), nom. illeg.
= Smilax scobinicaulis var. brevipes (Warb.) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(5): 1221 (1936)
= Smilax sieboldii var. scobinicaulis (C.H.Wright) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 48 (1960)
species :
Smilax sebeana
Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 149
Distribution: Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
38 JAP NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax iriomotensis Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 25: 253 (1935)
= Smilax maritima Hatus.; J. Jap. Bot. 26: 373 (1951)
species :
Smilax seisuiensis
(Hayata) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax hogoensis (Hayata) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 219 (1957)
= Heterosmilax seisuiensis (Hayata) F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 427 (1934)
= Pseudosmilax hogoensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 125-126 (1920)
= Pseudosmilax seisuiensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 125, pl. 6 (1920)
species :
Smilax septemnervia
(F.T.Wang & Tang) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax septemnervia F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 428-429 (1934)
species :
Smilax setiramula
F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 72, f. 4 (1978)
Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax setosa
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 610 (1861)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi
42 BOR MLY SNG SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax barbata Wall.; Numer. List no. 5125 (1831), nomen
= Smilax barbata Wall. ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 196 (1878), nom. superfl.
species :
Smilax sieboldii
Miq.; Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 2: 87 (1868)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Coprosmanthus oldhamii (Miq.) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 342 (1939)
= Smilax formosana (Hayata) Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 127-129 (1920)
= Smilax herbacea var. oldhamii (Miq.) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 17: 174 (1872)
= Smilax nebelii Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34(1, Beibl. 75): 26 (1904)
= Smilax oldhamii Miq.; Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 2: 87 (1868)
= Smilax sieboldii f. inermis (Nakai) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 33(5): 151 (1958)
= Smilax sieboldii var. formosana Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 363-364 (1911)
= Smilax sieboldii var. inermis Nakai; Fl. Sylv. Kor. 22: 101 (1939)
species :
Smilax silverstonei
Botina; Novon 23(3): 249 (2014)
Distribution: Colombia (Nariño, Valle)
82 CLM
species :
Smilax sinclairii
Koyama; J. Jap. Bot. 35: 149 (1960)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Negeri Sembilan)
42 MLY
species :
Smilax siphilitica
Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 780 (1805)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Guainía, Guaviare, Putumayo, Vaupés); Venezuela; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, Pando); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo)
82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax aequatorialis (Griseb.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 141 (1878)
= Smilax duidae Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: No. 1, 154(1951)
= Smilax siphilitica var. aequatorialis Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 20 (1842)
species :
Smilax solanifolia
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 161 (1878)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar)
82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax auraimensis Steyerm.; Bol. Soc. Venezuela. Cienc. Nat. 26: 472 (1966)
= Smilax chimantensis Steyerm. & Maguire; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 17: No. 1, 440 (1967)
= Smilax pittieriana Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: No. 1, 155 (1951)
species :
Smilax spicata
Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 10: t. 112 (1829)
Distribution: Colombia (Vaupés); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
82 CLM 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax colossea Toledo; Arquiv. Bot. Estad. Sao Paulo, n. s., form. maior 2: 27 (1946)
species :
Smilax spinosa
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 8 (1768)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Boyacá, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Putumayo, Quindío, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle, Vaupés); Venezuela (Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Trujillo, Zulia); Bolivia (La Paz)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM SWC VEN 83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax costaricae Vatke; Linnaea 40: 223 (1876)
= Smilax cumanensis Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 48 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Smilax gaumeri Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 1: 357 (1898)
= Smilax luculenta Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 289 (1936)
= Smilax lundellii Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 265 (1936)
= Smilax mazatlanensis Sessé & Moç.; Pl. Nov. Hisp.: 171 (1890)
= Smilax mexicana Griseb. ex Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 167 (1850)
= Smilax mexicana var. costaricae (Vatke) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 117 (1878)
= Smilax mexicana var. inermifolia A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 117 (1878)
= Smilax munda Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 265 (1936)
= Smilax obtusa Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 175 (1846)
= Smilax scabriuscula Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 783 (1806)
= Smilax scabriuscula var. fendleri A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 143 (1878)
= Smilax vaga J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 46 (1931)
= Smilax wagneriana A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 143 (1878)
= Smilax williamsii J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 46 (1931), nom. illeg.
species :
Smilax spissa
Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 273 (1936)
Distribution: Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Chocó)
80 COS HON PAN 82 CLM
species :
Smilax spruceana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 153 (1878)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax stans
Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 17(2): 170-171 (1872)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Zhejiang); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax pekingensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 108 (1878)
= Smilax tenuissima Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 137-138, f. 50: 2 (1920)
= Smilax vaginata var. pekingensis (A.DC.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 13: 49 (1960)
= Smilax vaginata var. stans (Maxim.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 15 (1957)
species :
Smilax stenophylla
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 130 (1878)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
species :
Smilax subinermis
C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 132 (1827)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Smilax subpubescens
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 69 (1878)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax calocardia Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 22: 7 (1940)
= Smilax occidentalis C.V.Morton; Brittonia 14: 302 (1962)
= Smilax purpusii Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 177 (1915)
= Smilax rufa Lundell; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb., No. 7, 4 (1942)
= Smilax venosa Lundell; Wrightia 3: 165 (1966)
species :
Smilax subsessiliflora
Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust., nouv. ed. 1: 243 (1803)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax odontolama M.Martens & Galeotti; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3(1): 18 (1842)
= Smilax salutaris Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 227 (1850)
= Smilax salutaris var. armata A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 128 (1878)
species :
Smilax sumatrensis
(A.DC.) P.Li & C.X.Fu; Phytotaxa 117(2): 59 (2013)
Distribution: Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (once at Tanjong Katong); +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo
41 CBD THA VIE 42 BOR MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax borneensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 42 (1878)
= Heterosmilax dalatensis Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 69 (1934)
= Heterosmilax sumatrensis A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 42 (1878)
species :
Smilax synandra
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 73 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, SE-Yunnan); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterosmilax erecta F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 255, pl. 80, f. 4 (1978)
= Smilax corbularia subsp. synandra (Gagnep.) T.Koyama; Fl. Thailand 2(3): 242 (1975)
species :
Smilax tafelbergensis
T.Murphy & Molgo; Syst. Bot. 48(4): 486 (2023)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Smilax taipeiensis
T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung; Ill. Fl. Taiwan 1: 254 (2017)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Smilax taiwanensis
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 138 (2023)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax talbotiana
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 152 (1878)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
species :
Smilax tamnoides
L.; Sp. Pl. 1030 (1753)
Name: Bristly greenbrier
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Mexico (Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dilax muricata Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 131 (1840)
= Smilax grandifolia Buckley; Amer. J. Sci. Arts 45: 171 (1843)
= Smilax hispida Muhl. ex Torr.; Fl. New York 2: 302 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Smilax hispida var. australis Small; Man. S. E. Fl.: 312 (1933)
= Smilax hispida var. montana Coker; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 60: 49 (1944)
= Smilax medica G.Kirchn.; Petzold & Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 740 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Smilax tamnoides var. hispida (Muhl.) Fernald; Rhodora 46: 39 (1944)
species :
Smilax tetraptera
Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 32 (1906)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
species :
Smilax timorensis
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 189 (1878)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor); New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 LSI NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax bracteata var. timorensis (A.DC.) T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 20 (1957)
species :
Smilax tomentosa
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 272 (1816)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Honduras; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)
79 MEX 80 HON 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
species :
Smilax trachypoda
J.B.Norton; Pl. Wilson. 3(1): 3 (1916)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax stans var. verruculosifolia J.M.Xu; Fl. Sichuanica 7: 363 (1991)
species :
Smilax trinervula
Miq.; Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 2: 87 (1868)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Japan (Honshu)
36 CHI 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax biflora var. trinervula (Miq.) Hatus. ex T.Koyama; Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 10: 12 (1957)
= Smilax china var. trinervula (Miq.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 14(166): 184 (1900)
= Smilax esquirolii H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 257 (1914)
= Smilax leucocarpa H.Lév. & Vaniot; H. Lév., Liliac. & C.Chine: 26 (1905)
= Smilax sarumame Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot.,vi. 149 (1937)
species :
Smilax tsinchengshanensis
F.T.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 5: 119 (1934)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, W-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax tuberculata
C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 132 (1827)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Smilax tungyuanensis
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 130 (2023)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Smilax turbans
F.T.Wang & Tang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Peiping, Bot. Ser. 7: 298 (1937)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam)
40 IND
species :
Smilax utilis
C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 138 (1895)
Distribution: Solomon Isl.
43 SOL
species :
Smilax vaginata
Decne.; Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 169, t. 169 (1844)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Paktia / Khost); N-Pakistan (Swat); India (Jammu & Kashmir, Nagaland, Uttar Pradesh)
34 AFG 40 IND PAK
species :
Smilax vanchingshanensis
(F.T.Wang & Tang) F.T.Wang & Tang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 224, pl. 72: 2 (1978)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax laevis var. vanchingshanensis F.T.Wang & Tang; Sinensia 5(3-4): 424-425 (1934)
species :
Smilax velutina
Killip & C.V.Morton; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. No. 461 (Bot. Maya Area) 283 (1936)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz); Belize; Honduras
79 MEX 80 BLZ HON
species :
Smilax verrucosa
Griseb.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 3: I. 17 (1842)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax undulata Pohl ex A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 135 (1878)
species :
Smilax verticalis
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 74 (1934)
Distribution: Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax simulans Koyama; J. Jap. Bot. 42: 188 (1967)
species :
Smilax vitiensis
(Seem.) A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 204 (1878)
Distribution: Solomon Isl.; Vanuatu; Tonga (´Eua); Fiji
43 SOL 60 FIJ TON VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleiosmilax vitiensis Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 193 (1868)
= Smilax tongaensis H.St.John; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 105(3): 230 (1978)
= Smilax trifurcata Seem.; Fl. Vit. 309 (1868)
species :
Smilax wallichii
Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 246 (1850)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Sikkim, West Bengal)
40 IND NEP
species :
Smilax walteri
Pursh; Fl. Am. Sept. 1: 249 (1813)
Name: Coral greenbrier
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)
75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax china Walter; Fl. Carol.: 245 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Smilax walteri f. pallida Hollick; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 2: 55 (1890)
species :
Smilax weniae
P.Li, Z.C.Qi & Yan Liu; Plants [Basel] 11(8)-1032: 2 (2022)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax wightii
A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 174 (1878)
Distribution: Nepal; NE-India (Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Myanmar
40 IND NEP 41 MYA
species :
Smilax yunnanensis
S.C.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(3): 111-113 (1983)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Smilax zeylanica
L.; Sp. Pl.: 1029 (1753)
Distribution: Nepal; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.
40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 MYA THA 42 JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG SUL 43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Smilax ceylanica Oken; Allg. Naturgesch. 3(1): 616 (1841), orth. var.
= Smilax collina Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 261 (1850)
= Smilax elliptica Desv.; Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occ. 58 (1825)
= Smilax elliptica R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 293 (1810)
= Smilax hohenackeri Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 240 (1850)
= Smilax indica Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. 213 (1768)
= Smilax ovalifolia var. nervulosa A.DC.; DC. & A. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1: 200 (1878) (1878)
= Smilax villandia Buch.-Ham. ex Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 384 (1839)
= Smilax zollingeri Kunth; Enum. Pl. 5: 241 (1850)
