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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35209; hybrids: 676
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.4643 Genus Phyllocephalum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 888 (1826)
Distribution: mostly India, 2 to Malesia and trop. Africa. Species delimitation disputed. We are following Checklist of India.
Species listed in database: 5
= Lamprachaenium Benth.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 225 (1873)
= Rolfinkia Zenker; Pl. Ind. 13 (1837)
= Wightia Spreng. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 67 (1836), nom. inval.
species :
Phyllocephalum frutescens Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 889 (1826)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Remarks: genus questionable, possibly Centratherum
Synonyms: hidden
= Baccharodes frutescens (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 320 (1891)
= Centratherum frutescens (Blume) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 5 (1876)
= Decaneurum frutescens (Blume) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 66 (1836)
= Gymnanthemum frutescens (Blume) Sch.Bip. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 948 (1847)
= Sonchus fruticosus Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5, Art. 4: 27 (1790), nom. nud.
species :
Phyllocephalum indicum (Less.) K.Kirkman; Rhodora 83(833): 12 (1981)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Ampherephis indica Wall. ex Less.; Linnaea 6: 686 (1831)
= Amphirhapis indica Less. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 227 (1881)
= Baccharoides indica (Less.) Punekar & Vasudeva Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 29(3): 515 (2006)
= Baccharoides mayurii (C.E.C.Fisch.) Punekar & Vasudeva Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 29(3): 516 (2006)
= Centratherum indicum (Less.) C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 44 (1940)
= Centratherum mayurii C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1940: 45 (1940)
= Centratherum reticulatum (Wight) Benth.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 225 (1873)
= Decaneurum reticulatum DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 3 (1834)
= Gymnanthemum reticulatum (DC.) Sch.Bip.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 948 (1843)
= Phyllocephalum mayurii (C.E.C.Fisch.) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
= Rolfinkia centaurioides Zenker; Pl. Ind. 14, t. 14 (1837)
species :
Phyllocephalum microcephalum (Dalzell) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1): 235 (1999)
Distribution: S-India (Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Decaneurum microcephalum Dalzell; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 231 (1851)
= Lamprachaenium microcephalum (Dalzell) Benth.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 226 (1873)
= Baccharoides microcephalum (Dalzell) M.R.Almeida; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 100: 570 (2003)
species :
Phyllocephalum scabridum (DC.) K.Kirkman; Rhodora 83(833): 10 (1981)
Distribution: India (Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Ampherephis mollis Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2957 (1832) ex Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 227 (1881)
= Baccharodes courtallense (Wight) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 320 (1891)
= Baccharodes phyllolaenum (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 320 (1891)
= Baccharoides courtallensis (Wight) Punekar & Vasudeva Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 29(3): 515 (2006)
= Baccharoides hookeri (C.B.Clarke) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 72 (2001)
= Baccharoides lilacina (Dalzell & A.Gibson) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 72 (2001)
= Baccharoides rangacharii (Gamble) Punekar & Vasudeva Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 29(3): 516 (2006)
= Baccharoides rangacharii var. agastyamalyanum (Geethakum., E.S.S.Kumar & Pandur.) E.S.S.Kumar; Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checklist (2020)
= Baccharoides ritchiei (Hook.f.) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 73 (2001)
= Baccharoides scabrida (DC.) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 73 (2001)
= Cacalia clarkeana Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 323 (1891)
= Cacalia hookeri (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970 (1891)
= Centratherum courtallense (Wight) Benth. & Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 227 (1881)
= Centratherum courtallense (Wight) C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 3 (1876)
= Centratherum hookeri C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 3 (1876)
= Centratherum metzianum Sch.Bip. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 228 (1881)
= Centratherum molle (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 225 (1873)
= Centratherum phyllolaenum (DC.) Benth. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 228 (1881)
= Centratherum rangacharii Gamble; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920: 338 (1920)
= Centratherum ritchiei Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 228 (1881)
= Centratherum tenue C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 4 (1876)
= Decaneurum angustifolium Hook.f. & Thomson ex C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 3 (1876)
= Decaneurum courtallense Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 3: IV. 6, t. 1081 (1846)
= Decaneurum epilejum DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 7 (1834)
= Decaneurum lilacinum Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl. [Dalzell & Gibson] 314 (1861)
= Decaneurum molle Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl. [Dalzell & Gibson] 122 (1861), nom. illeg.
= Decaneurum molle DC.; Icon. Sel. Pl. [Delessert] 4: t. 2 (1836)
= Decaneurum molle var. epilejum (DC.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 67 (1836)
= Decaneurum molle var. scabridum (DC.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 67 (1836)
= Decaneurum phyllolaenum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 264 (1838)
= Decaneurum scabridum DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 7 (1834)
= Gymnanthemum molle (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 948 (1847)
= Gymnanthemum molle Sch.Bip. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 228 (1881)
= Gymnanthemum phyllolaenum (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 949 (1847) (phyllonaeum)
= Oiospermum molle (DC.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 227 (1881)
= Phyllocephalum courtallense (Wight) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
= Phyllocephalum hookeri (C.B.Clarke) Uniyal; Fl. Ind. 13: 339 (1995)
= Phyllocephalum lilacinum (Dalzell & A.Gibson) S.M.Almeida & M.R.Almeida; Fl. Savantwadi 1: 224 (1990)
= Phyllocephalum phyllolaenum (DC.) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
= Phyllocephalum rangacharii (Gamble) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
= Phyllocephalum rangacharii var. agastyamalayanum Geetha Kum., E.S.S.Kumar & Pandur.; Indian J. Forest. 31(1): 119 (2008)
= Phyllocephalum ritchiei (Hook.f.) M.R.Almeida; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 85: 522 (1989)
= Phyllocephalum ritchiei (Hook.f.) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
= Phyllocephalum tenue (C.B.Clarke) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 439 (1982)
= Wightia formosa Spreng. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 67 (1836), nom. inval.
species :
Phyllocephalum sengaltherianum (Narayana) Narayana; Curr. Sci. 51(8): 438 (1982)
Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Centratherum sengaltherianum Narayana; Curr. Sci. 50(6): 279 (1981)
= Baccharoides sengaltheriana (Narayana) Punekar & Vasudeva Rao; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 29(3): 516 (2006)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life