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Ver. 19.2
March 25th, 2024

469.0000 Family Acanthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 102 (1789) (´Acanthi´), nom. cons.
ca. 192 genera, ca. 5500 spp. Phylogeny: Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022
Species listed in database: 5453
= Avicenniaceae Miq.; Lehm., Pl. Preiss. 1: 353 (1845), nom. cons.
= Justiciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 60 (1838)
= Mendonciaceae Bremek.; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., ser. C, 56: 540 (1954)
= Meyeniaceae Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Nelsoniaceae (Nees) Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Thunbergiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 979 (1870)
469.3202 Genus Thunbergia Retz.; Phys. Sallsk. Handl. 1: 163 (1776)
Distribution: Tropical Old World, mostly trop. Africa
Species listed in database: 146
= Diplocalymma Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 3: 30 (1822)
= Endomelas Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 67 (1836)
= Flemingia Roxb. ex Rottler; Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 4: 202 (1803), nom. rej.
= Hexacentris Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Pleimeris Raf.; Sylva Tellur 21 (1838)
= Pleuremidis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 67 (1836)
= Schmidia Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5: t. 1848 (1852)
= Valentiana Raf.; Specchio 1: 87 (1814)

Search for: Thunbergia (Lamiales)

Nothing found!
species :
Thunbergia adenocalyx Radlk.; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 8: 431 (1883)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia affinis S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 5 (1880)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Ethiopia [I]; Somalia; Tanzania; Angola; Zimbabwe [I]; Bonin Isl. [I] (Chichijima [I]); Taiwan [I]; Myanmar [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Singapore [c]; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; Jamaica [I]
22 IVO 23 CMN CON GAB 24 eth SOM 25 TAN 26 ANG zim 38 oga tai 41 mya 42 jaw mly phi sng 81 jam
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia affinis var. pulvinata S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 6 (1880)
= Thunbergia holstii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 95 (1893)
= Thunbergia spinulosa Chiov.; Fl. Somala, II. 346 (1932)
species :
Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 2591 (1825); et ex Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 177
Name: Schwarzäugige Susanne (DE); Black-eyed Susan (EN); Anteojo de poeta, Jazmin del vedado, Ojo de poeta (Cuba), Boca de escopeta, Ojo de poeta (Dominican Republic), Black-eyed susan (Jamaica), Fleur jaune-savane, Golden bells (Lesser Antilles), Culo de poeta, Susana (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana [I]; South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; China [I] (Guangdong [I], Fujian [I]); Bonin Isl. [I] (Chichijima [I], Otohtojima [I]); Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [I] (throughout); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Singapore [I]; Sumatra [I] (Bangka Isl. [I]); Borneo [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); Moluccas [I] (Ternate [I], Ambon [I]); New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Guam [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I], Lanai [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I], Texas [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. John [I], Tortola [I]); Saba [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Cesar [I], Cundinamarca [I], La Guajira [I], Meta [I], Quindío [I], Santander [I], Valle [I]); Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I] (Jujuy [I])
11 ger 21 mdr 22 GHA GUI IVO LBR SIE 23 CAF CMN CON ZAI 24 DJI ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 bot SAF SWZ 29 mau mdg reu sey 36 chi 38 oga tai 40 ban ind nep srl 41 mya vie 42 bor jaw lsi mly mol nwg phi sng sul sum 50 aus 51 nzl 60 fij nue nwc sam ton van 61 sci 62 gum 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos gua hon nic pan 81 aba bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue sab stl stv trt vir 82 clm guy sur ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra 85 arg par
Synonyms: hidden
= Endomelas alata (Bojer ex Sims) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 67 (1838)
= Thunbergia alata var. alba Paxton; Paxton´s Mag. Bot. 3: 28 (1837)
= Thunbergia alata var. albiflora Hook.; Bot. Mag. 63: t. 3512 (1836)
= Thunbergia alata var. minor S.Moore; J. Bot. 39: 300 (1901)
= Thunbergia alata var. retinervia Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 17 (1899)
= Thunbergia alata var. velutina Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 45(2): 8 (1948)
= Thunbergia alata var. vixalata Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 16 (1899)
= Thunbergia albiflora Gordon; Gard. Chron. 1845: 169 (1845)
= Thunbergia aurantiaca Paxton; Paxton´s Mag. Bot. 6: 269 (1839)
= Thunbergia backeri E.Vilm.; Fl. Pleine Terre, ed. 2: 919 (1866)
= Thunbergia bakeri Bosse; Vollst. Handb. Bl.-Gärtn., ed. 2, 3: 489 (1842)
= Thunbergia bikimaensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 446 (1922)
= Thunbergia delamerei S.Moore; J. Bot. 205 (1900)
= Thunbergia doddsii Paxton; Paxton´s Mag. Bot. 15: t. 221 (1849)
= Thunbergia fryeri E.Vilm.; Fl. Pleine Terre: 876 (1863)
= Thunbergia fuscata T.Anderson ex Lindau; Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 40 (1893)
= Thunbergia kamatembica Mildbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 17: 84 (1943)
= Thunbergia leucantha Van Houtte; Hort. Belge 3: 249 (1836)
= Thunbergia manganjensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 92 (1893)
= Thunbergia nymphaeifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 184 (1902)
= Thunbergia oculata S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 269 (1908)
= Valentiana volubilis Raf.; Specchio 1: 87 (1814) (non T. volubilis Pers.)
species :
Thunbergia amoena C.B.Clarke; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5: 7 (1901)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
27 SAF
species :
Thunbergia amphaii Suwanph., K.Khamm., D.J.Middleton & Suddee; Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 49(1): 58 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Thunbergia anatina Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 148 (1944)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
species :
Thunbergia angolensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia angulata Hils. & Bojer ex Hook.; Exot. Fl. 3: t. 166 (1825)
Distribution: Madagascar; New Caledonia [I]
29 MDG 60 nwc
species :
Thunbergia annua Hochst. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 55 (1847)
Distribution: Niger; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe
22 NGR 24 ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZIM
species :
Thunbergia armipotens S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia arnhemica F.Muell.; Fragm. 9: 73 (1875)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia alata var. arnhemica (F.Muell.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 1155 (1929)
= Thunbergia powellii F.Muell.; S. Sci. Rec. 2: 34 (1882)
species :
Thunbergia atacorensis Akoègn. & Lisowski; Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 74(2): 339 (2004)
Distribution: Benin
22 BEN
species :
Thunbergia atriplicifolia E.Mey.; Drège, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 226 (1843), nomen; et ex Nees, in DC. Prod. 11: 56 (1847)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia aspera Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 56 (1847)
= Thunbergia bachmannii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 94 (1893)
= Thunbergia baurii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 312 (1897)
= Thunbergia cordibracteolata C.B.Clarke; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5: 7 (1901)
= Thunbergia flavohirta Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(3): 311 (1897)
= Thunbergia galpinii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 310 (1897)
= Thunbergia hirtistyla C.B.Clarke; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5: 7 (1901)
= Thunbergia xanthotricha Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 311 (1897)
species :
Thunbergia austromontana Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 68 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia bancana Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 58 (1955)
Distribution: Sumatra (Bangka Isl.)
42 SUM
species :
Thunbergia barbata Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 73 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia batjanensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 78 (1955)
Distribution: Moluccas (Bacan)
42 MOL
species :
Thunbergia battiscombei Turrill; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 3041 (1915)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Zimbabwe [I]
23 ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN UGA 26 zim
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia adjumaensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 4: 419 (1928)
species :
Thunbergia benguettensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 76 (1955)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Thunbergia bianoensis De Wild. & Ledoux; De Wild. Contrib. Fl. Katanga, Suppl. 3, 134 (1930)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Thunbergia bicolor (Wight) Manilal & Suresh; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5(2): 422 (1984)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Schmidia bicolor Wight; Ic. t. 1848 (1852)
= Thunbergia bicolor (Wight) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: Beibl. n. 41 42 (1893)
= Thunbergia wightiana T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 448 (1867)
species :
Thunbergia bogoroensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 447 (1922)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia claessensii De Wild.; Pl. Beq. 4: 420 (1928)
species :
Thunbergia brachypoda Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 59 (1955)
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
species :
Thunbergia brachytyla Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 72 (1955) (brachythylla)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
species :
Thunbergia buennemeyeri Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 70 (1955)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia capensis Retz.; Phys. Sallsk. Handb. 1: 163 (1776)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleimeris capensis (Retz.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 21 (1838)
= Thunbergia humilis Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 55 (1847)
species :
Thunbergia celebica Bremek.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 42: 373 (1948)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia chrysops Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 4119 (1844)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Cameroon
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR SEN SIE TOG 23 CMN
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia geraniifolia Benth.; Hook. Niger Fl. 475 (1849)
= Thunbergia subnymphaeifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 67 (1905)
species :
Thunbergia ciliata De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 105 (1914)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania
23 ZAI 25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia citrina Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 50 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia coccinea Wall.; Tent. Fl. Napal. 2: 48, t. 37 (1826) et ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 120 (1825)
Distribution: China (SC-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Sagaing, Shan); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; Costa Rica [I]
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP srl 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 80 cos
Synonyms: hidden
= Flemingia coccinea (Wall.) Buch.-Ham. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 61 (1847)
= Hexacentris acuminata Nees; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Hexacentris coccinea (Wall.) Nees; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Hexacentris dentata Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Thunbergia pendula Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt.: 147 (1844)
= Thunbergia quinquenervis Buch.-Ham. ex Nees; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
species :
Thunbergia colpifera B.Hansen; Nordic J. Bot. 15(6): 583 (1995 publ. 1996)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Thunbergia convolvulifolia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 428 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia humbertii Benoist; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32: 151 (1926)
variant :
var. digitaliformis Benoist; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 129 (1962)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. hirsuta (Benoist) Benoist; Fl. Madagasc. 182: 15 (1967)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia humbertii var. hirsuta Benoist; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 32: 396 (1926)
species :
Thunbergia crispa Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 12 (1899)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia homblei De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 105 (1914)
= Thunbergia variabilis De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 106 (1914)
species :
Thunbergia crispula Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 53 (1955)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Perak, Pahan, Selangor)
42 MLY
species :
Thunbergia cuanzensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 68: Suppl. 2, 128 (1930)
Distribution: Cameroon; Angola
23 CMN 26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia cyanea Bojer ex Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 55 (1847)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia hispida Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 93 (1893)
variant :
var. platyphylla (Baker) Benoist; Bull. Mus. Paris 151 (1926)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia platyphylla Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 217 (1883)
species :
Thunbergia cycloneura Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 60 (1955)
Distribution: SE-Borneo (Kalimantan)
42 BOR
species :
Thunbergia cycnium S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 194 (1880)
Distribution: Central African Republic; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia
23 CAF 24 SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG ZAM
species :
Thunbergia cynanchifolia Benth.; Hook. Niger Fl. 475 (1849)
Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 BEN GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE TOG 23 CMN
species :
Thunbergia dasychlamys Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 53 (1955)
Distribution: +Singapore
42 SNG
Conservation Status: globally extinct
species :
Thunbergia dregeana Nees; Linnaea 15: 352 (1841)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia monroi S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 210 (1913)
= Thunbergia woodii Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 220 (1919)
species :
Thunbergia eberhardtii Benoist; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 27: 543 (1921)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Laos; N-Vietnam
36 CHI 41 LAO VIE
species :
Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 18 (1864)
Name: Conchita, Maena, Mainereta, Mainereta blanca, Matrimonio chino, Meyenia, Vellosilla (Cuba), Campanita india, Corona de Nazareno Petule (s), Trompeta de angeles (Dominican Republic), Queue de loup (Lesser Antilles), Angelina, Boca de vieja, Violeta, Viuda (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Burkina Faso [I]; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; SW-Chad; Uganda; Tanzania; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; China [I]; Taiwan [I]; India [I] (widespread); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Sumatra [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I]); Moluccas [I] (Ternate [I], Seram [I]); New Guinea [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], etc.); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Moorea [I], Raiatea [I]); Guam [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Belize [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I]); Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I] (Cundinamarca [I], Santander [I]); Venezuela [I]; Surinam [I]
22 BEN bkn GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE 23 CAF CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA 25 TAN UGA 29 mau reu rod 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind srl 41 and mya vie 42 jaw lsi mly mol nwg phi sul sum 60 fij nue nwc rot van 61 coo sci 62 gum 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos nic pan 81 cub dom gdl his jam mts pue stl trt vir 82 clm sur ven
Synonyms: hidden
= Meyenia erecta Benth.; Hook. Niger Fl. 476 (1848)
= Thunbergia ikbaliana De Wild.; Compagnie du Kasai, 410 (1910), nomen, et Pl. Nov. Herb. Hort. Then. 2: 95 (1910), descr.
= Thunbergia mestdaghi De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 5: 9 (1915)
species :
Thunbergia erythreae Schweinf. ex Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 3 (1894)
Distribution: Eritrea; Somalia
24 ERI SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia castellaneana Buscal. & Muschl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 493 (1913)
species :
Thunbergia eymae Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 68 (1955)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia fasciculata Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 97 (1893)
Distribution: Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya
22 NGA TOG 23 CMN ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia fasciculata var. orientalis De Wild.; Pl. Beq. 1: 449 (1921)
= Thunbergia nidulans Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 183 (1902)
species :
Thunbergia fischeri Engl.; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1891 387 (1893)
Distribution: Burundi; Kenya; Tanzania
23 BUR 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia brewerioides Schweinf. ex Engl.; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1891 (1892) 387. nomen
= Thunbergia primulina Hemsl.; Bot. Mag. I. 7969 (1904)
= Thunbergia sericea Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 14 (1899)
species :
Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.; Pl. Corom. 1: 47. t. 67 (1795)
Name: Flor de nieve, Susana blanca, Whitelady; Anteojo de poeta, Bejuco borococo, Flor de nieve, Jazmin del vedado, Thunbergia (Cuba), Jazmin de maya, Thunbergia, Velo de novia (Dominican Republic), White nightshade (Jamaica), White lady (Lesser Antilles), Flor de nieve, Susana blanca (Puerto Rico), White Susan vine (Virgin Isl.)
Distribution: Seychelles [I]; China (Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Pakistan [I]; Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay, Yangon); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Singapore [I]; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines (throughout); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Vava´u [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Atiu [I], Mitiaro [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Ua Huka [I], Hiva Oa [I], Fatu Hiva [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Huahine [I], Maupiti [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I], Tortola [I]); Anguilla [I]; Saba [I]; Nevis [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Bolívar [I], Boyacá [I], Cauca [I], Chocó [I], Cundinamarca [I], Nariño [I], Quindío [I], San Andrés [I], Providencia y Santa Catalina [I], Santander [I], Valle [I]); Venezuela [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]
29 sey 36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP pak SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MOL nwg PHI sng SUL SUM 60 asa fij nue nwc rot sam ton 61 aui coo mrq sci 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos gua hon nic pan 81 aba agu bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue sab stk stl stv trt vir 82 clm sur swc ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra
Synonyms: hidden
= Meyenia longiflora Benth. ex Hohen.; Flora 32: 558 (1849)
= Thunbergia angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Nees.; Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 78 (1832), nom. inval.
= Thunbergia bodinieri H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 21 (1913)
= Thunbergia cordata Colla; Hortus Ripul.: 139 (1824)
= Thunbergia fragrans f. javanica C.B.Clarke; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 632 (1905)
= Thunbergia fragrans subsp. hainanensis (C.Y.Wu & H.S.Lo) H.P.Tsui; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 70: 31 (2002)
= Thunbergia fragrans subsp. lanceolata H.P.Tsui; Fl. Reipubl. Pop. Sin. 70: 30 (2002)
= Thunbergia fragrans var. heterophylla C.B.Clarke; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 391 (1884)
= Thunbergia fragrans var. hispida Gamble; Fl. Madras 1008 (1924)
= Thunbergia hainanensis C.Y.Wu & H.S.Lo; Fl. Hainan. 3: 591 (1974)
= Thunbergia heterophylla Wall.; Numer. List no. 771 (1829), nom. inval.
= Thunbergia java Hoffmanns.; Preiss-Verzeichn. Pflanzen. 1841: 81 (1841)
= Thunbergia linearifolia Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 73 (1955)
= Thunbergia loheri Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 75 (1955)
= Thunbergia longiflora F.Muell.; Fragm. 9: 73 (1875)
= Thunbergia mindanaensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 72 (1955)
= Thunbergia papuana Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 83 (1955)
= Thunbergia roxburghia Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Thunbergia scandens Pers. ex Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 57 (1847)
= Thunbergia subsagittata Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 518 (1837)
= Thunbergia volubilis Pers.; Syn. 2: 179 (1806)
species :
Thunbergia geoffrayi Benoist; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 2: 239 (1912)
Distribution: Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO VIE
species :
Thunbergia gibsonii S.Moore; J. Bot. 32: 131 (1894)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia prostrata Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920: 25 (1920)
= Thunbergia roberti Mildbr.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 49 (1926)
species :
Thunbergia gossweileri S.Moore; J. Bot. 49: 293 (1911)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola; Zambia
23 ZAI 26 ANG ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia vincoides Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 145 (1944)
species :
Thunbergia gracilis Benoist; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32: 396 (1926)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Thunbergia graminifolia De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 134 (1903)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia collina S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 186 (1913)
= Thunbergia fasciculata De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 105 (1914), nom. illeg.
= Thunbergia glaucina S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 187 (1913)
= Thunbergia glaucina var. latifolia S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 187 (1913)
= Thunbergia katentaniensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 450 (1922)
= Thunbergia stellarioides var. graminea Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 27 (1899)
= Thunbergia stenophylla Lindau; R. E. Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12 1: 304 (1916)
= Thunbergia trinervis S.Moore; J. Bot. 67: 227 (1929)
= Thunbergia trinervis var. angustifolia S.Moore; J. Bot. 67: 228 (1929)
species :
Thunbergia grandiflora (Roxb. ex Rottler) Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 45 (1814); Fl. Ind. 3: 34 (1832)
Name: Bengal trumpet; Faurestina, Liane de chine, Pompeya, Tumbergia azul (Cuba), Brisa de la manana, Corona del rey, Ristra de ajo, Thunbergia (Dominican Republic), Fausto, Pompeya (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Benin [c]; Gambia [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Gabon [I]; Malawi [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Kachin, Sagaing, Shang, Mandalay, Yangon); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia [c]; Singapore [I]; Sumatra [c]; Borneo [c]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Mangaia [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Tahaa [I]); Palau [I] (Koror [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], E-Maui [I], Lanai [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. Thomas [I]); Saba [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Atlántico [I], Bolívar [I], Chocó [I], Cundinamarca [I], Nariño [I], Valle [I]); Isla Margarita [I]; Surinam [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Paraguay [I]
22 ben gam 23 bio cmn gab 26 mlw moz zim 29 mau mdg reu sey 36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP srl 41 CBD LAO MYA VIE 42 bor jaw mly nwg phi sng sum 50 aus 60 fij nwc 61 coo sci 62 gum mic plu 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos gua hon nic pan 81 cub dom gdl his jam mar pue sab stl stv trt ven vir 82 clm sur 83 bol ecu 85 par
Synonyms: hidden
= Flemingia grandiflora Roxb. ex Rottler; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. 4: 202 (1803)
= Flemingia racemosa Wall.; Numer. List no. 768 (1829)
= Pleuremidis grandiflora (Roxb.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 67 (1838)
= Thunbergia adenophora W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 74 (1917)
= Thunbergia chinensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 21: 510 (1922)
= Thunbergia clarkei T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 46(2): 52 (1971)
= Thunbergia cordifolia Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 55 (1847)
= Thunbergia grandiflora f. alba Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 679 (1958)
= Thunbergia grandiflora f. citrina Leonard; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 679 (1958)
= Thunbergia grandiflora var. axillaris C.B.Clarke; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 392 (1884)
= Thunbergia grandiflora var. cordiflora Benoist; (1935)
= Thunbergia grandiflora var. racemosa Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 54 (1847)
= Thunbergia lacei Gamble; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 116 (1913)
= Thunbergia malvifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List no. 768 (1829), nom. inval.
= Thunbergia talbotiae S.Moore; J. Bot. 52: 31 (1914)
species :
Thunbergia gregorii S.Moore; J. Bot. 32: 130 (1894)
Distribution: Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); D.R.Congo; Burundi; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Java [c]; Vanuatu [I]
21 mdr 23 BUR 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ 42 jaw 60 van
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia aureosetosa Mildbr.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 408 (1932)
= Thunbergia exasperata Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 408 (1901)
= Thunbergia longepedunculata De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 136 (1903)
species :
Thunbergia guerkeana Lindau; Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 366 (1895)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia chiovendae Fiori; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ityal., 51 (1915)
= Thunbergia gigantea Lindau; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 68 (1896)
= Thunbergia glandulifera Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 184 (1902)
= Thunbergia longisepala Rendle; J. Bot. 129 (1896)
species :
Thunbergia hamata Lindau ex Engl.; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 64 (1894); et in Bot. Jahrb. 20: 2 (1894)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia hastata Decne.; Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 288 (1834)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor)
42 LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia frangulifolia Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 329 (1841)
species :
Thunbergia hebecocca Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 56 (1955)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., Kelantan, Penang Isl.)
42 MLY
species :
Thunbergia hederifolia Bremek.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 42: 374 (1948)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia heterochondros (Mildbr.) Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 36 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Pseudocalyx heterochondros Mildbr.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 409 (1932)
species :
Thunbergia hirsuta T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 20 (1864)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia gondarensis Chiov.; Ann. Bot., Roma 9: 128 (1911)
species :
Thunbergia hossei C.B.Clarke; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 64 (1907)
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Rakhine, Sagaing); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO MYA THA VIE
species :
Thunbergia huillensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 194 (1880)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia angustata De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 106 (1914)
= Thunbergia hanningtonii Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 19 (1899)
= Thunbergia kaessneri S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 210 (1913)
= Thunbergia randii S.Moore; J. Bot. 201 (1900)
species :
Thunbergia hyalina S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia ilocana Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 77 (1955)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Thunbergia impatienoides Suwanph. & S.Vajrodaya; Blumea 63(1): 20 (2018)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Thunbergia javanica C.F.Gaertn.; Suppl. Carp.: 22 (1805)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
42 JAW LSI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia javanica var. scabrida Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 45(2): 7 (1948)
= Thunbergia javanica var. scabridula Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 45(2): 7 (1948)
= Thunbergia javanica var. tomentella Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 45(2): 7 (1948)
= Thunbergia malayana Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 220 (1919)
species :
Thunbergia jayii S.Moore; J. Bot. 67: 227 (1929)
Distribution: Malawi
26 MLW
species :
Thunbergia kangeanensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 66 (1955)
Distribution: Java (Kangean Isl.)
42 JAW LSI
species :
Thunbergia kasajuana Bh.Adhikari & J.R.I.Wood; Kew Bull. 75(1)-26: 3 (2020)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Thunbergia kirkiana T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 19 (1864)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique; Botswana
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM 27 BOT
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia acutibracteata De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 164 (1914)
= Thunbergia micheliana De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 136 (1903)
= Thunbergia proxima De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 4, 1: 137 (1903)
= Thunbergia proximoides De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 105 (1914)
= Thunbergia subfulva S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 186 (1913)
= Thunbergia verdickii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 188 (1903)
species :
Thunbergia kirkii Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 6677 (1883)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Zanzibar; Mozambique
25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia amanensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 67 (1905)
= Thunbergia hookeriana Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: Beibl. n. 41. 38 (1893)
species :
Thunbergia laborans Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 507 (1900)
Distribution: Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA 25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia laevis Wall. ex Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 77 (1832)
Distribution: Sierra Leone [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; India (E- N- & peninsular India); Sri Lanka
22 sie 29 mau reu rod 40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia fragrans var. laevis (Wall. ex Nees) C.B.Clarke; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 391 (1884)
variant :
var. parviflora (Trimen) L.H.Cramer; Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 12: 13 (1998)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia fragrans var. parviflora Trimen; J. Bot. 27: 165 (1889)
variant :
var. vestita (Nees) L.H.Cramer; Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 12: 12 (1998)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia fragrans var. vestita Nees; Wall., Pl. asiat. rar. 3: 78 (1832)
= Thunbergia tomentosa Wall. ex Nees; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3: 78 (1832)
species :
Thunbergia lamellata Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 803 (1898)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia lancifolia T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 19 (1864)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana
23 BUR ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia bequaertii De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 104 (1914)
= Thunbergia cerinthoides Radlk.; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 8: 434 (1883)
= Thunbergia elskensii De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 4: 422 (1928)
= Thunbergia friesii Lindau; R. E. Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12 1: 303 (1916)
= Thunbergia gentianoides Radlk.; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 8: 433 (1883)
= Thunbergia glaberrima Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 185 (1902)
= Thunbergia hockii De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 545 (1913)
= Thunbergia lancifolia var. auriculata S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
= Thunbergia lancifolia var. laevis S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
= Thunbergia lancifolia var. pallida S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 195 (1880)
= Thunbergia lancifolia var. rhodesica Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 362 (1912)
= Thunbergia puberula Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 399 (1913)
= Thunbergia valida S.Moore; J. Bot. 51: 211 (1913)
species :
Thunbergia lathyroides Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 24 (1899)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia rumicifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 349 (1909)
species :
Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl.; Gard. Chron. 260 (1856)
Distribution: Uganda [I]; Tanzania [I]; China [I] (Guangdong [I]); Bonin Isl. [I] (Chichijima [I]); Taiwan [I]; NE-India; Sri Lanka [I]; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobars, Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Mandalay, Yangon); Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Penang Isl., Perak, Pahan, Melaka); +Singapore; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; New Guinea [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Tahaa [I]); Guam [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], E-Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I], Lanai [I]); Mexico [I]; Nevis [I]; Dominica [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]
25 tan uga 36 chi 38 oga tai 40 IND srl 41 AND LAO MYA NCB VIE 42 jaw MLY nwg phi SNG 60 fij nwc van 61 coo sci 62 gum 63 haw 79 mex 81 dom stk 83 bol per
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia grandiflora var. laurifolia (Lindl.) Benoist; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 618 (1935)
= Thunbergia harrisii Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 4998 (1857)
species :
Thunbergia leucorhiza Benoist; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32: 397 (1926)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Thunbergia liebrechtsiana De Wild. & T.Durand; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique, Compt. Rend. 38: 132 (1899)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Remarks: probably a synonym of T. affinis
species :
Thunbergia longifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 91 (1893)
Distribution: South Sudan
24 SSU
species :
Thunbergia lutea (Lindl.) T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 448 (1867)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Manipur); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Mandalay, Sagaing)
36 CHI 40 BAN IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hexacentris lutea Lindl.; Gard. Chron. 151 (1854)
= Thunbergia maculata Lace; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 154 (1914)
= Thunbergia salweenensis W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 12: 224 (1920)
species :
Thunbergia macalensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4: Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 68 (1955)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia malangana Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 91 (1893)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia masisiensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 450 (1922)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Uganda
23 BUR ZAI 25 UGA
species :
Thunbergia mauginii Fiori; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 47: 40 (1940)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Thunbergia mechowii Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 92 (1893)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia microchlamys S.Moore; J. Bot. 45: 88 (1907)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Uganda; Tanzania
23 ZAI 25 TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia beninensioides De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 444 (1922)
= Thunbergia beniensis De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 1: 445 (1922)
species :
Thunbergia mildbraediana Lebrun & Touss.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 17: 85 (1943)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA
species :
Thunbergia minziroensis Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 47 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia mufindiensis Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 67 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia mysorensis (Wight) T.Anderson ex Bedd.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 25: 222 (1865); et in J. Linn. Soc. 9: 448 (1867)
Distribution: Zimbabwe [I]; Mauritius [I]; S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I]); Costa Rica [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Boyacá [I], Quindío [I])
26 zim 29 mau 40 IND srl 60 nwc 61 coo 80 cos 81 gdl 82 clm
Synonyms: hidden
= Hexacentris mysorensis Wight; Ic. t. 871 (1845)
species :
Thunbergia napperae Mwachala, Malombe & Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 53 (2008)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Thunbergia natalensis Hook.; Bot. Mag. t. 5082 (1858)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; India [I]
24 ETH 25 TAN 26 MLW ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 40 ind
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia mellinocaulis Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 23 (1899)
= Thunbergia squamuligera Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 406 (1901)
species :
Thunbergia neglecta Sond.; Linnaea 23: 89 (1850)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia hirta Sond.; Linnaea 23: 89 (1850)
species :
Thunbergia nepalensis Bh.Adhikari & J.R.I.Wood; Kew Bull. 68(4): 652 (2013)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Thunbergia nivea Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 172 (1926)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Thunbergia oblongifolia Oliv.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 29: 125 (1875)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Tanzania; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 BUR ZAI 25 TAN 26 MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia manikensis De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 546 (1913)
= Thunbergia oblongifolia var. berringtonii Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 508 (1900)
= Thunbergia oblongifolia var. glaberrima Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 25 (1899)
species :
Thunbergia oubanguiensis Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 146 (1944)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia oubanguiensis var. calotis Benoist
species :
Thunbergia palawanensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 59 (1955)
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
species :
Thunbergia papilionacea W.W.Sm.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 6: 103 (1914)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)
41 MYA
species :
Thunbergia parviflora Bremek.; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 42: 375 (1948)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Thunbergia parvifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 90 (1893)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia paulitschkeana Beck; Paulitschke. Harrar, App. (1888) 459, fig. 12
Distribution: Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia elliotii S.Moore; J. Bot. 300 (1901)
= Thunbergia pratensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 183 (1902)
species :
Thunbergia petersiana Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 89 (1893)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 BUR ZAI 24 SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia katangensis De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 135 (1903)
= Thunbergia mollis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: Beibl. n. 41: 35 (1893), nomen, et 20: 2 (1894)
= Thunbergia stuhlmanniana Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 91 (1893)
= Thunbergia swynnertonii var. cordata S.Moore; J. L. S. 40: 158 (1911)
= Thunbergia torrei Benoist; Notul. Syst., ed. Humbert 11: 147 (1944)
= Thunbergia zernyi Mildbr.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 15: 635 (1941)
species :
Thunbergia pleistodonta Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 82 (1955)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI
species :
Thunbergia pondoensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 93 (1893)
Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 SAF SWZ
species :
Thunbergia purpurata Harv. ex C.B.Clarke; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5: 5 (1901)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Thunbergia pynaertii De Wild.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 4: 197 (1914)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Thunbergia quadrialata Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 400 (1913)
Distribution: Cameroon
23 CMN
species :
Thunbergia quadricostata Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4 (Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 78 (1955)
Distribution: Moluccas (Mangole Isl., Seram)
42 MOL
species :
Thunbergia racemosa Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 61 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
species :
Thunbergia recasa S.Moore; J. Bot. 68: Suppl. 2, 126 (1930)
Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; Angola
23 CON 26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia reniformis Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 55 (2008)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Thunbergia retefolia S.Moore; J. Bot. 49: 294 (1911)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Thunbergia reticulata Nees; Prodr. [A. DC.] 11: 58 (1847)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Kenya; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Namibia (Caprivi Strip); Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo); peninsular Malaysia [I]; Sumatra [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I] (Ambon [I])
24 ERI ETH SUD 25 KEN 26 ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 42 jaw mly mol phi sum
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia alata subsp. reticulata (Hochst. ex Nees) Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 1954: 84 (1954)
= Thunbergia alata var. reticulata (Hochst. ex Nees) Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 17 (1899)
= Thunbergia angulata R.Br.; Salt., Abyss. App. 65 (1814), nom. nud.
= Thunbergia aurea N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 127 (1909)
= Thunbergia saltiana Steud.; Nom., ed. 2, 2: 683 (1841), nom. nud.
species :
Thunbergia richardsiae Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 66 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia ridleyi Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 57 (1955)
Distribution: Thailand (peninsular Thailand)
41 THA
species :
Thunbergia rogersii Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 362 (1912)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Thunbergia rufescens Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 96 (1893)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon
22 NGA 23 CMN
Conservation Status: IUCN EN (Cameroon)
species :
Thunbergia ruspolii Lindau; Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 67 (1896)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia abyssinica Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 361 (1912)
= Thunbergia annua var. ruspolii (Lindau) Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 13 (1899)
= Thunbergia paulitschkeana var. lanceolata Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 10: 401 (1912)
species :
Thunbergia schimbensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 342 (1902)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia sessilis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 96 (1893)
species :
Thunbergia schliebenii Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 47 (2008)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia schweinfurthii S.Moore; J. Bot. 18: 6 (1880)
Distribution: South Sudan
24 SSU
species :
Thunbergia serpens Vollesen; Fl. Zambes. 8(5): 34 (2013)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia
23 ZAI 26 ZAM
species :
Thunbergia siantanensis Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 54 (1955)
Distribution: Borneo (Anambas Isl.: Siantan)
42 BOR
species :
Thunbergia similis Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 434 (1911)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia
41 CBD LAO THA
species :
Thunbergia smilacifolia Kurz; For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 241 (1877)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Thunbergia solmsiana Lindau; Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 368 (1895), nom. nov.
Distribution: Sudan; ?South Sudan
24 SUD
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia hispida Solms; Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aethiop.: 113 (1867) non Lindau
species :
Thunbergia stellarioides Burkill; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Africa 5: 26 (1899)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia argentea Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 407 (1901)
species :
Thunbergia stelligera Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 185 (1902)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique
25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ
species :
Thunbergia stenochlamys Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 55 (1955)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan)
42 BOR SUM
species :
Thunbergia subalata Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: Beibl. n. 41 (1893), nomen, et 20: 3 (1894)
Distribution: Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ ZIM
species :
Thunbergia subcordatifolia De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 106 (1914)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia; Mozambique
23 ZAI 26 MOZ ZAM
species :
Thunbergia thespesiifolia Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 81 (1955)
Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.
42 LSI
species :
Thunbergia togoensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 112 (1895)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 BEN GHA IVO NGA TOG 23 CMN
species :
Thunbergia trachychlamys Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 52 (1955)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Perak)
42 MLY
species :
Thunbergia trichocarpa Bremek.; Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. II. 50: No. 4-Thunbergia Sp. Males.) 65 (1955)
Distribution: Java (incl. Madura Isl.)
42 JAW
species :
Thunbergia tsavoensis Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 54 (2008)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN UGA
species :
Thunbergia usambarica Lindau; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. (1894) 64; et in Bot. Jahrb. 17: 89 (1893)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Thunbergia alba S.Moore; J. Bot. 48: 250 (1910)
= Thunbergia cordata Lindau; Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 365 (1895), nom. illeg.
= Thunbergia humbertii Mildbr.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 14: 354 (1937), nom. illeg., non Benoist
= Thunbergia swynnertonii S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 157 (1911)
species :
Thunbergia venosa C.B.Clarke; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5: 6 (1901)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
Conservation Status: IUCN R
species :
Thunbergia verdcourtii Vollesen; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Acanth. (Part 1) 59 (2008)
Distribution: Burundi; Tanzania
23 BUR 25 TAN
species :
Thunbergia vogeliana Benth.; Hook. Niger Fl. 476 (1849)
Distribution: Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; South Sudan; Uganda; Tanzania; Mauritius [I]; Cuba [I]
22 GHA NGA 23 BIO CMN RWA ZAI 24 SSU 25 TAN UGA 29 mau 81 cub
Synonyms: hidden
= Meyenia vogeliana (Benth.) Benth.; Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5389 (1863)
= Thunbergia kamerunensis Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 97 (1893)
= Thunbergia thonneri De Wild. & T.Durand; Compt. Rend. Soc. Bot. Belg. 38: 41 (1900)
species :
Thunbergia vossiana De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo, Ser. IV. 134 (1903)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia
23 ZAI 26 ZAM
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 19.2 (March 25th, 2024)

Covering 354,631 accepted species,
8,631 hybrids, 47,815 accepted infraspecific taxa and 995,902 synonyms,
in total 1,406,979* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life