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406.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 310 (1789), nom. cons.
133 genera, ca. 1700-1800 spp. There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. The phylogeny is still somewhat in flux, but is getting more stabilized now. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1798; hybrids: 78
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl. 142 (1821)
= Mammillariaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Nopaleaceae E.Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenr. 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; Dict. Rais. Bot. 52, 385 (1817)
406.6001 Genus Acanthocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 432 (1909)
Distribution: coastal N-trop. America
Species listed in database: 16
= Monvillea Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 21 (1920) quoad typus
species :
Acanthocereus atropurpureus Gonz.-Zam. & Dan.Sánchez; Phytotaxa 522(2): 132 (2021)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)
79 MEX
species :
Acanthocereus canoensis (P.R.House, Gómez-Hin. & H.M.Hern.) S.Arias & N.Korotkova; Phytotaxa 327(1): 18 (2017)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus canoensis P.R.House, Gómez-Hin. & H.M.Hern.; Revista Mex. Biodivers. 84(4): 1077, figs. 1-2 (2013)
species :
Acanthocereus castellae (Sánchez-Mej.) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 2 (2013)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus castellae Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 19(1): 12 (1974)
species :
Acanthocereus chiapensis Bravo; Cact. Suc. Mex. 17(4): 117 (1972)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Honduras
79 MEX 80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus chiapensis (Bravo) Gómez-Hin. & H.M.Hern.; Revista Mex. Biodivers. 76(2): 131 (2005)
species :
Acanthocereus cuixmalensis (Sánchez-Mej.) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 2 (2013)
Name: Pitahaya de Aguas
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus cuixmalensis Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 18(4): 91 (1973)
species :
Acanthocereus fosterianus (Cutak) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 2 (2013)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus fosterianus Cutak; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 18: 23 (1946)
= Peniocereus fosterianus var. multitepalum Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 19(2): 50 (1974)
= Peniocereus fosterianus var. nizandensis Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 19(2): 49 (1974)
species :
Acanthocereus hesperius D.R.Hunt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 34: 9 (2016), nom. nov.
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus occidentalis Bravo; Cact. Suc. Mex. 8: 80 (1963)
= Peniocereus occidentalis Bravo ex S.Arias, U.Guzmán & Gama; Cact. Suc. Mex. 37(3): 75 (1992) (without full ref. to latin descr.)
species :
Acanthocereus hirschtianus (K.Schum.) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 2 (2013)
Distribution: Guatemala; El Salvador; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
80 COS ELS GUA NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Cereus guatemalensis (Britton & Rose) Vaupel; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 86 (1913)
= Cereus hirschtianus K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 1: 130 (1897)
= Cereus neumannii K.Schum. ex Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 91 (1900)
= Cereus nyctago A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 127, 338 (1929), nom. superfl.
= Cereus triangularis f. guatemalensis (Britton & Rose) Eichlam ex Schelle; Kakteen [Schelle] 128 (1926)
= Nyctocereus guatemalensis Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 240 (1913)
= Nyctocereus hirschtianus (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 424 (1909)
= Nyctocereus neumannii (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 424 (1909)
= Peniocereus guatemalensis (Britton & Rose) D.R.Hunt; Cactaceae Syst. Init. 21: 14 (2006)
= Peniocereus hirschtianus (K.Schum.) D.R.Hunt; Bradleya 9: 90 (1991)
species :
Acanthocereus lempirensis H.Vega, Gómez-Hin. & H.M.Hern.; Acta Bot. Mex. 130(e2233): 2 (2023)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Acanthocereus macdougallii (Cutak) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 2 (2013)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus macdougallii Cutak; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 19: 87 (1947)
= Peniocereus macdougallii var. centrispinus Backeb.; Cactaceae [Backeberg] 6: 3843 (1962)
species :
Acanthocereus maculatus (Weing.) F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC [Backeberg & Knuth] 303 (1935)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus maculatus (Weing.) Cutak; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 23: 76 (1951)
= Cereus maculatus Weing.; Kakteenkunde 14 (1933)
species :
Acanthocereus oaxacensis (Britton & Rose) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 97: 2 (2012)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Acanthocereus haackeanus Backeb. ex Lodé; Int. Cact. Advent. 111-112: 66 (2016)
= Neoevansia haackeana (Backeb.) Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 18: 24 (1973), nom. inval.
= Nyctocereus oaxacensis Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 120 (1920)
= Peniocereus haackeanus Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 12 (1963), nom. inval., contrary to Art. 9.5
= Peniocereus oaxacensis (Britton & Rose) D.R.Hunt; Bradleya 9: 90 (1991)
species :
Acanthocereus paradoxus Gonz.-Zam. & Dan.Sánchez; Phytotaxa 470(2): 146 (2020)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)
79 MEX
species :
Acanthocereus rosei (J.G.Ortega) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 3 (2013)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus rosei J.G.Ortega; Revista Mex. Biol. 6: No. 5 (1926)
species :
Acanthocereus tepalcatepecanus (Sánchez-Mej.) Lodé; Cact.-Advent. Int. (Almeria) 98(Suppl.): 3 (2013)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Peniocereus tepalcatepecanus Sánchez-Mej.; Cact. Suc. Mex. 19(1): 14 (1974)
species :
Acanthocereus tetragonus (L.) Hummelinck; Succulenta (Netherlands) 20: 165 (1938)
Name: Triangle cactus, Barbed-wire Cactus, Chaco, Nun-Tsutsuy, Organo
Distribution: Mozambique Channel Isl. [Îles Éparses] [I] (Juan de Nova Isl. [I]); Philippines [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I]); USA (Florida, Texas); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. Thomas [I]); Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Aruba; Curacao; Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, Cesar, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Dependencias Federales, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia)
42 phi 50 aus 63 haw 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ARU BBD CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE MAR STL STV TRT VEN vir 82 CLM SWC VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Acanthocereus acutangulus (Pfeiff.) A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 337, indice 124 (1929)
= Acanthocereus baxaniensis (Karw. ex Pfeiff.) Borg; Cacti [Borg] 132 (1937)
= Acanthocereus colombianus Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 122 (1920)
= Acanthocereus floridanus Small ex Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 4: 276 (1923)
= Acanthocereus griseus Backeb.; Cactus (Paris) 85: 106 (1965)
= Acanthocereus horridus Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 122 (1920) (recognized as bona sp. in Checklist of Mexico)
= Acanthocereus occidentalis Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 125 (1920) (recognized as bona sp. in Checklist of Mexico)
= Acanthocereus pentagonus (L.) Britton & Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 432 (1909)
= Acanthocereus pitajaya (DC.) Dugand ex Croizat; Caldasia 2: 135 (1943)
= Acanthocereus princeps (Pfeiff.) Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. [Backeberg] 3: 5 (1963)
= Acanthocereus subinermis Britton & Rose; Cactaceae [Britton & Rose] 2: 125 (1920)
= Acanthocereus tetragonus var. micracanthus Dugand; Phytologia 13: 383 (1966)
= Cactus pentagonus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 467 (1753)
= Cactus prismaticus Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow], Suppl. 32 (1814)
= Cactus reptans Salm-Dyck ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 468 (1828)
= Cactus tetragonus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 466 (1753)
= Cereus acutangulus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 107 (1837)
= Cereus baxaniensis f. pellucidus (Otto) Schelle; Kakteen [Schelle] 96 (1926)
= Cereus baxaniensis Karw. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 109 (1837)
= Cereus baxaniensis var. ramosus Salm-Dyck ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 277 (1843)
= Cereus dussii K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt. 89 (1897), nom. illeg.
= Cereus horribilis A.Berger; Kakteen [Berger] 124, 338 (1929)
= Cereus nitidus Salm-Dyck; Cact. Hort. Dyck. [1849 ed.]: 211 (1850)
= Cereus pentagonus (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 180 (1812)
= Cereus pitajaya DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 3: 466 (1828)
= Cereus pitajaya var. variabilis Weing.; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 16: 158 (1906)
= Cereus princeps Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 108 (1837)
= Cereus prismaticus (Willd.) Haw. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 335 (1841), nom. illeg.
= Cereus ramosus Karw. ex Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 108 (1837)
= Cereus reptans Haw. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 335 (1841), nom. inval.
= Cereus tetragonus (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Cereus tetragonus var. major Salm-Dyck ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 277 (1843)
= Cereus tetragonus var. minor Salm-Dyck; Hort. Dyck. 337 (1834)
= Cereus tetragonus var. ramosior Link & Otto; Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 6: 432 (1830)
= Cereus undulatus Pfeiff.; Enum. Diagn. Cact. 107 (1837)
= Cereus variabilis Engelm.; Descr. Cact. [Engelmann & Bigelow] 40 (1856), nom. illeg. (non Pfeiff. 1837)
= Cereus vasmerii Young; Familiar Lessons Bot. Fl. Texas 276 (1873)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life