Species Count in
WorldPlants (might be incomplete)
Country or RegionCodeSurface Area (km²)Status ChecklistAll Species Indigenous Species Endemics
EUROPE (1)
NORTHERN EUROPE (10)
more species list checklist Iceland ICE 103.000 ++80273913
802All Species
739Indigenous Species
437Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
135 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
558 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
302 Microspecies (of them 12 endemic)
63 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Wasowicz, P. (2020): Annotated Checklist of Vascular Plants of Iceland

Most recent flora

A guide to the flowering plants and ferns of Iceland (Kristinsson 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Jan Mayen Isl. JMY 380 ++59580
59All Species
58Indigenous Species
53Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964)
more species list checklist Svalbard (incl. Bjornoya) SVA 62.160 ++2041950
204All Species
195Indigenous Species
190Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
131 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
9 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Svalbard (Roenning 1964); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)
more species list checklist Faeroe Isl. FOR 1.399 ++3873660
387All Species
366Indigenous Species
334Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
235 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them endemic)
21 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Jóhanson, J. (2010): Føroysk flora
more species list checklist Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., but excl. Channel Isl. and Northern Ireland) GRB 244.110 ++3386252876
3386All Species
2528Indigenous Species
1490Indigenous Species except Microspecies
76Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
80 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
364 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2030 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 75 endemic)
1038 Microspecies (of them 67 endemic)
858 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002); List of Vascular Plants of the British Isles (Kent 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022, 5th ed.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Wild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993); Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland) IRE 70.000 ++152512221
1525All Species
1222Indigenous Species
970Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
232 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
898 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
252 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Webb's An Irish Flora, 8th ed. (Parnell & Curtis, ed., 2012); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976); A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Denmark DEN 43.094 +194716533
1947All Species
1653Indigenous Species
1180Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
289 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1273 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
473 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
294 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas Flora Danica (3 vols., Hartvig et al., ed., 2015)

Most recent flora

Dansk Flora (2nd udgave, Frederiksen et al. 2012); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Dansk feltflora (Hansen 1981); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Norway NOR 385.639 ++41833847867
4183All Species
3847Indigenous Species
1315Indigenous Species except Microspecies
867Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
77 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
335 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3389 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 866 endemic)
2532 Microspecies (of them 857 endemic)
336 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Den Nya Nordiska Floran (Mossberg & Stenberg 2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, Vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Nordisk fjaellflora (Nilsson 1991); Flora över Dal (Andersson 1981); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sweden SWE 449.964 ++38623502304
3862All Species
3502Indigenous Species
1493Indigenous Species except Microspecies
304Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
381 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
43 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3004 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 304 endemic)
2009 Microspecies (of them 297 endemic)
360 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Mossberg & Stenberg (2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Finland FIN 338.144 ++27652498119
2765All Species
2498Indigenous Species
1102Indigenous Species except Microspecies
119Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
310 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2090 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 118 endemic)
1396 Microspecies (of them 111 endemic)
267 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland (Kurtto et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finnland) (Hämet-Ahti et al. 1998), Flora Fennica, vol. 1-3 (Lönnrotin 2002); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed., Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kaemmekaet - Suomen orkideat (Korhonen & Vuokko 1987); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
MIDDLE EUROPE (11)
more species list checklist Netherlands NET 33.920 ++201316643
2013All Species
1664Indigenous Species
1259Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
306 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1260 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
405 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
349 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Neerlandica (Koniklijke Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging, 14 vols. published, incomplete); Heukels Flora van Nederland (23. Aufl., Mejden et al. 2005); De Nederlandse Oecologische Flora (5 vols., Weeda 2003); Nova Flora Neerlandica (Haveman et al., eds., 2022-, 1 vol. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora van Nederland (21. ed.) (Heuckels & van der Meijden 1990); De orchideen van Nederland - ecologie - verspreiding - bedreiging - beheer (Kreutz & Dekker 2000); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belgium BGM 30.688 ++211017071
2110All Species
1707Indigenous Species
1384Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
322 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1272 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
323 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
403 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Flore de Belgique (Verloove et al. 2023); Flore generale de Belgique (Lawalrée et al., 1952-1993); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Orchidaceae Belgicae (Klopfenstein & Toussaint 1983-87); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Luxembourg LUX 2.586 +134112030
1341All Species
1203Indigenous Species
1090Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
232 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
877 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
113 Microspecies (of them endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed., Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Online Atlas of the Pteridophytes of Luxembourg (www.pteridophytes.lu)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Luxemburgs (Mangen et al. 1993); Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Germany GER 356.970 ++6684368890
6684All Species
3688Indigenous Species
2467Indigenous Species except Microspecies
90Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
543 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
68 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2974 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 85 endemic)
1221 Microspecies (of them 63 endemic)
2996 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 12 (Hand et al. 2022, www.kp-buttler.de)

Most recent flora

Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd ed., incomplete); Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen) (92. Auflage 2003, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora, ed. 8 (Oberdorfer, Begr., 2001); Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Rothmaler, Begr., 22. Aufl. 2021, ed. Jäger); Flora Germanica (Hassler & Muer, 2022, 2 vols.); Die Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas (Aichele & Schwegler 1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen), (89. Auflage 1993, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Switzerland SWI 41.285 ++341730219
3417All Species
3021Indigenous Species
2494Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
90 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
492 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
65 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2357 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
527 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic)
396 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora Helvetica Checklist 2017 (Juillerat et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Flora Helvetica (5. Aufl., Lauber et al. 2012); Flora der Schweiz (3 vols., Hess et al. 1976-1980); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., multiple volumes, 3rd ed. incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Liechtenstein LIE 161 ++140512900
1405All Species
1290Indigenous Species
1258Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
241 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
954 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them endemic)
115 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora von Liechtenstein (Waldburger et al. 2003); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Austria AUT 83.858 ++3616321816
3616All Species
3218Indigenous Species
2737Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
80 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
537 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
69 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2515 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
481 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic)
398 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd 3d. incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Exkursionsflora von Österreich (Fischer, ed., 1994); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Wildwachsende Orchideen in Österreich (Redl 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Poland POL 312.684 ++296326573
2963All Species
2657Indigenous Species
2045Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
435 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
45 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2093 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
612 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
306 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist (Mirez et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Flora polska (Szafera, ed., 1919 - 1980, 14 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Poland (Szlachetko & Skakuj 1996); Storczyki Zachodniej Czesci Polskich Beskidow (Bernacki 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Atlas Flory Polskiej i Ziem Osciennych, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Madalski 1971); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Czech Republic CZE 78.866 ++268924064
2689All Species
2406Indigenous Species
1959Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
73 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
424 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1842 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
447 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
283 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Danihelka et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Klič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2011, 8 vols., vol. 9 planned))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Slovakia SLO 49.034 ++3277275813
3277All Species
2758Indigenous Species
2429Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
476 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2143 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
329 Microspecies (of them 10 endemic)
519 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://ibot.sav.sk/checklist/index.php (Marhold & Hindak)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Hungary HUN 93.030 ++2827233018
2827All Species
2330Indigenous Species
2154Indigenous Species except Microspecies
18Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
457 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1750 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
176 Microspecies (of them 13 endemic)
497 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants of Hungary (Bartha et al. 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Vadon elo orchideak (Molnar, Sulyok & Videki 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH WESTERN EUROPE (12)
more species list checklist Portugal (excl. Azores, Madeira) POR 89.357 ++2997255821
2997All Species
2558Indigenous Species
2510Indigenous Species except Microspecies
21Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
521 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1915 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 20 endemic)
48 Microspecies (of them endemic)
439 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Spain (mainland, excl. Baleares, Canary Isl. and African exclaves) SPA 501.453 ++65335898355
6533All Species
5898Indigenous Species
5272Indigenous Species except Microspecies
355Endemic Species
299Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
108 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
903 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
87 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
4772 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 305 endemic)
626 Microspecies (of them 56 endemic)
635 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete); Flora ornamental Espanola (Vol. 1-6, incomplete); Flora Valentina (G. M. Sanz et al., 2011-, 4 vols. published); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Occidental (Valdes et al., 3 vols., 1987); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Oriental (2nd ed., Blanca et al. 2011); Flora dels Paisons Catalans (Bolòs & Vigo, 1988-2001, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Andorra ADO 468 +145113861
1451All Species
1386Indigenous Species
1315Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
225 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1086 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
71 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d'Andorra (Carrillo et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flowers of Andorra (Crozier & Matschke 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Gibraltar GIB 7 ++6685690
668All Species
569Indigenous Species
569Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
10 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
445 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flowers of Gibraltar (Leslie et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Baleares BAL 4.992 ++1643147120
1643All Species
1471Indigenous Species
1459Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
272 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1118 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
12 Microspecies (of them endemic)
172 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora de Mallorca (Vols. 1-4, Bonafe 1977-1980); Illustrated Flora of Mallorca (Beckett 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978); Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist France (mainland, excl. Corsica) FRA 535.285 ++6148535474
6148All Species
5354Indigenous Species
4418Indigenous Species except Microspecies
74Endemic Species
46Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
121 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
848 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
103 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
4252 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 57 endemic)
936 Microspecies (of them 28 endemic)
794 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index synonymique de la flore de France (Kerguélen 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault 2014); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Monaco MCO 2 -2401620
240All Species
162Indigenous Species
161Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
137 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist British Channel Isl. CIS 198 +14989051
1498All Species
905Indigenous Species
807Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
187 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
671 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
98 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
593 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vice-County Census Catalogue (Botanicalkeys.co.uk)

Most recent flora

Wildflowers of Alderney (Bonnard 2008); A flora of the Island of Jersey (Lester-Garland 1903); The Wild Flowers of Jersey (Shirreffs 2015)
more species list checklist Corsica COR 8.680 ++2252209411
2252All Species
2094Indigenous Species
2049Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
426 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1528 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
45 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
158 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Corsica, 2ème ed. (Jeanmonod & Gamisans 2013); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sardinia SAR 23.318 ++2133199410
2133All Species
1994Indigenous Species
1979Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
387 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1487 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
139 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora dell' Isola di Sardegna, Vol. 1-6 (Arrigoni 2006-2015); Flora Sarda / Piante Endemiche (Marras 2000); Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Giotta & Picitto 1990); Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Scrugli 1991); Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee. Specie spontanee (Liverani 1991); Orchidacee d’Italia (Grünanger 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (13)
more species list checklist Italy (mainland) (incl. Elba Isl., Capri Isl.) ITA 203.856 ++61125514125
6112All Species
5514Indigenous Species
5029Indigenous Species except Microspecies
125Endemic Species
107Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
124 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
920 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
137 Indigenous Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
4305 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 85 endemic)
485 Microspecies (of them 18 endemic)
598 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora Analitica della Toscana (Arrigoni, 2016-2021, 8 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Le Pteridofite d'Italia (Marchetti 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sicily SIC 25.426 ++2603237820
2603All Species
2378Indigenous Species
2355Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
467 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
66 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1773 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
23 Microspecies (of them endemic)
225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (GIARDINA et al. 2007); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa, Linosa, Lampione) PEL 25 +5195001
519All Species
500Indigenous Species
500Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
107 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
385 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora e vegetazione dell'Isola di Lampedusa (Bartolo et al. 1988)
more species list checklist Pantelleria Isl. PTL 83 +4964770
496All Species
477Indigenous Species
477Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
90 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
366 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010)

Most recent flora

Flora dell' Isola Pantelleria (Sommier 1922)
more species list checklist Malta MLT 316 ++8747850
874All Species
785Indigenous Species
785Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
115 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
611 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
89 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977); Flora of the Maltese Islands (Casha 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Le Orchidaceae dell'archipelago maltese (Bartolo et al. 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist San Marino SMA 61 +10048160
1004All Species
816Indigenous Species
813Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
151 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
621 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
188 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora vascolare della Repubblica di San Marino (Alessandrini et al. 2022); Flora della repubblica di San Marino (Pampanini 1930) [outdated]
more species list checklist Slovenia SLV 20.273 +296627142
2966All Species
2714Indigenous Species
2611Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
522 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2039 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
103 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
252 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Register flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vres 1995)

Most recent flora

Flora of Slovenia (iFlora - Plant Guide Book 22) (Tackenberg); Mala flora Slovenije, kljuc za dolocanje praprotnic in semenk (Martinic et al. 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Croatia CRO 56.594 ++4302380416
4302All Species
3804Indigenous Species
3704Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
83 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
682 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2923 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
100 Microspecies (of them endemic)
498 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nikolić T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd)

Most recent flora

Nikolić, T. (2019-2020): Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske. 4 vols. (complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bosnia & Hercegovina BIH 51.209 -280626335
2806All Species
2633Indigenous Species
2562Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
469 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
72 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2016 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
71 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
173 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Bosne i Hercegovine (Beck 1903-1921, 1927, Beck & Maly 1950, Bjelčić 1967-1983, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Bosnia & Hercegovina (Sabanovic et al. 2021)
more species list checklist Montenegro MNT 13.812 o256824923
2568All Species
2492Indigenous Species
2433Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
441 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1917 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
59 Microspecies (of them endemic)
76 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Katalog Vaskularne Flora Crne Gore, Tom. 1 (Stesevic & Cakovic 2013) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Conspectus Florae Montenegrinae (Rohlena 1942)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideenflora Montenegros (Parolly 1991, in Mitt. Bl. AHO Bad.-Württ., Vol. 24); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Serbia SRB 77.474 o310129662
3101All Species
2966Indigenous Species
2912Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
533 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2299 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
54 Microspecies (of them endemic)
135 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora of Serbia, Vol. 1 (Niketic & Tomovic 2018) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Kosovo KOS 10.877 -1911860
191All Species
186Indigenous Species
159Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
27 Microspecies (of them endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Northern Macedonia NMA 25.713 o300129056
3001All Species
2905Indigenous Species
2830Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
449 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2327 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
75 Microspecies (of them endemic)
96 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora na Republika Makedonija (Micevski et al. 1983-2006, Matevski 2010; 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Albania ALB 28.748 +336432272
3364All Species
3227Indigenous Species
3169Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
581 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2506 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
58 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
137 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Albania (Barina et al. 2017), Checklist of vascular plants of Albania (Barina et al. 2018); Atlas Florae Albanicae (Vangjeli 2017, 1 vol. published)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Excursion Flora of Albania (Vangjeli 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Die Orchideenflora Albaniens (Gölz & Reinhard 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Romania ROM 237.500 ++343631638
3436All Species
3163Indigenous Species
3006Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
67 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
597 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
58 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2426 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
157 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
273 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Republicii Socialiste România (1952-1976, 13 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Romaniei, Vol. II (Beldie 1979); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bulgaria BUL 110.994 ++3846365113
3846All Species
3651Indigenous Species
3467Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
63 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
619 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2897 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
184 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
195 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora (Assyov et al., 4th ed. 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae (Jordanov et al., 1963-2012, 11 vols.); Flora bulgarica (CD-ROM, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora von Bulgarien (Stojanow & Stafanov 1948); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Turkey TUE 23.764 ++204019720
2040All Species
1972Indigenous Species
1957Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
435 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1471 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Greece (incl. Kikladhes, excl. Crete, Kasos, Karpathos, Rhodos and E-Aegaean) GRC 123.600 ++52134911117
5213All Species
4911Indigenous Species
4749Indigenous Species except Microspecies
117Endemic Species
116Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
900 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
94 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
3815 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 92 endemic)
162 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
302 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Atlas of the Greek Flora (Strid, 2023, not yet published)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan (eds., 1997-2005, 3 vols. published, incomplete); Mountain Flora of Greece (Vol. 1/2, Strid, ed., 1989/1991, incomplete); Flowers of Greece (Lafranchis & Sfikas 2009, 2 vols., field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Synopsis Flora Graecae: Orchidaceae (Diapulis 1995); The Orchids of Greece - Inventory and Review (Kalopissis 1988); Orchids of Greece (Lepper 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crete KRI 8.336 ++2004185119
2004All Species
1851Indigenous Species
1847Indigenous Species except Microspecies
19Endemic Species
19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
373 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
45 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
1386 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016)

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) (engl. ed. 1998); Orchidaceae (Scheurer & Jahn). In: Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
EASTERN EUROPE (14)
more species list checklist Estonia EST 45.339 ++193714152
1937All Species
1415Indigenous Species
1125Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
266 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1056 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
290 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
522 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Estonian Flora 2020 (Kukk et al., 2021); Eesti Taimestik (Checklist of vascular plants) (Kukk 1999)

Most recent flora

Eesti NSV Floora (Flora of Estonian SSR, Vol. 1-11, 1953-1984); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Native orchids in Estonia (Kuusk 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Latvia LAT 64.589 ++163313150
1633All Species
1315Indigenous Species
1129Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
44 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
953 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
186 Microspecies (of them endemic)
318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Latvijas vaskularo augu flora. Taksonu Saraksts (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Latvias PSR Flora (Galenieka, P., ed., 1953-1959, in 4 vols., complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora of Latvian vascular taxa (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Lithuania LIT 65.300 ++152512350
1525All Species
1235Indigenous Species
1142Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
876 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
93 Microspecies (of them endemic)
290 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lietuvos Induociai augalai (Gudzinskas 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Lietuvos PSR Flora (Vols. 1-6, 1959-1980, complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belarus BLR 207.595 +185214981
1852All Species
1498Indigenous Species
1411Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
311 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1099 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
87 Microspecies (of them endemic)
354 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Belarusi (Vol. 1-3, 2009-2017, incomplete, in total 6 vols. planned); Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Russia (excl. Caucasus, incl. Kaliningrad region, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya) RUS 4.300.000 ++4592412631
4592All Species
4126Indigenous Species
3469Indigenous Species except Microspecies
31Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
74 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
732 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3256 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
657 Microspecies (of them 17 endemic)
466 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff.); many more regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Moldova (incl. Transnistria) MLD 33.843 -9948970
994All Species
897Indigenous Species
857Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
824 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
40 Microspecies (of them endemic)
97 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011), Vol. 2 (Magnoliophyta) (2016), Vol. 4 (2023, not yet seen) [incomplete, in total 6 volumes are planned]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ukraine (excl. Crimea) UKR 577.720 ++322929776
3229All Species
2977Indigenous Species
2796Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
570 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2295 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
181 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
252 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora URSR [Flora of the Ukrainian SSSR], 1936 - 1965, 12 vols.; Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Ukrainae Carpaticae (Chopik 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian); Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crimea KRY 26.080 ++228421135
2284All Species
2113Indigenous Species
2046Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
361 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1661 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
67 Microspecies (of them endemic)
171 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kryma (Wulf., ed., 1927-1969, 10 vols. plus Additions)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchids of Crimea (Fateryga & Kreutz 2014); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
AFRICA (2)
NORTHERN AFRICA (20)
more species list checklist Morocco MOR 453.730 ++43423926163
4342All Species
3926Indigenous Species
3900Indigenous Species except Microspecies
163Endemic Species
163Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
66 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
710 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3095 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 144 endemic)
26 Microspecies (of them endemic)
416 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore pratique du Maroc (Fennane et al. 1999-2015, 3 vols.); Flore vasculaire du Maroc, inventaire et chorologie (Fennane & Ibn Tattou, 2 vols., 2005-2007); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flore pratique du Maroc, Vol. 1 (Salvo & Ouyahya 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Western Sahara WSA 267.769 +2412390
241All Species
239Indigenous Species
239Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
194 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie, Vol. 2 (Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Algeria ALG 2.381.740 ++3754341436
3754All Species
3414Indigenous Species
3399Indigenous Species except Microspecies
36Endemic Species
36Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
628 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
51 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2656 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
340 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962/63, 2 vols.); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Tunisia TUN 164.418 ++243822444
2438All Species
2244Indigenous Species
2237Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
39 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
438 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
34 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1722 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
194 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de Tunisie: Catalogue synonymique commente (Le Floc'h & Boulos 2008); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore de la Tunisie (Pottier-Alapetite, ed., 1979-1984, 3 vols. + Atlas, complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988)
more species list checklist Libya LBY 1.757.000 ++1928174610
1928All Species
1746Indigenous Species
1743Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
357 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1355 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Libya (Ali & Jafri, eds., 1976-1990, 150 vols., almost complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Libya - Pteridophytes (1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985); Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001)
more species list checklist Egypt (excl. Sinai peninsula) EGY 878.000 ++195918152
1959All Species
1815Indigenous Species
1809Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
12 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
389 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1409 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
144 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005, 4 vols., complete); Flora of Egypt (Cairo University, 1981-1998, 9 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
MACARONESIA (21)
more species list checklist Azores AZO 2.247 ++94558611
945All Species
586Indigenous Species
581Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
390 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
359 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Catalogo das plantas vasculares dos Acores (Palhina 1966)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Azores (3rd ed., Schaefer et al. 2022, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Soó 1980); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die Orchideen der Azoren (Frey 1977)
more species list checklist Madeira MDR 741 ++130376513
1303All Species
765Indigenous Species
758Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
146 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
547 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
538 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020); Flores Silvestres de las Islas Canarias (Bramwell & Bramwell 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Islas Selvagens (Salvajes Isl.) SEL 3 ++109950
109All Species
95Indigenous Species
95Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Canary Isl. CNY 7.273 ++21001568181
2100All Species
1568Indigenous Species
1564Indigenous Species except Microspecies
181Endemic Species
181Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
248 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1251 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 171 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
532 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen der Kanarischen Inseln (Muer, Sauerbier & Calixto 2016); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986)
more species list checklist Cape Verde Isl. CVI 4.033 ++7665448
766All Species
544Indigenous Species
544Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
36 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
138 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
367 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
222 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora de Cabo Verde (Paiva et al., 1995-2002, 106 vols., ?complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern-Allies (Pteridophyta) of the Cape Verde Islands (Lobin et al. 1998)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA (22)
more species list checklist Mauritania MTN 1.030.700 +8447760
844All Species
776Indigenous Species
774Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
225 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
536 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie (2 vols., Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Senegal SEN 196.722 +188917911
1889All Species
1791Indigenous Species
1791Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
559 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1136 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Sénégal (Berhaut, ed., 1971-1988, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988)
more species list checklist Gambia GAM 11.295 o10198440
1019All Species
844Indigenous Species
844Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
246 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
558 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
175 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Gambian Biodiversity: A Provisional Checklist of all Species Recorded within the Gambia (Emms & Brummitt 2005)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of the Gambia (Jones 1994, only cursory overview)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea-Bissau GNB 36.125 ++141713350
1417All Species
1335Indigenous Species
1335Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
23 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
334 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
925 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) (Catarino et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora da Guiné-Bissau / Jardim e museu agrícola do Ultramar .. (7 vol., 1971-1983, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea [Conakry] GUI 245.857 ++3085276712
3085All Species
2767Indigenous Species
2767Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
168 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
46 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
634 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
131 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1788 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2009); Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Sierra Leone SIE 71.740 o270325684
2703All Species
2568Indigenous Species
2568Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
138 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
63 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
578 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
157 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1632 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
135 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Liberia LBR 99.067 o2244217910
2244All Species
2179Indigenous Species
2178Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
192 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
61 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
384 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
149 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1393 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Über die Farne Liberias (Westafrika), ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung (Kunkel 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Mali MLI 1.240.192 o167415951
1674All Species
1595Indigenous Species
1594Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
453 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1078 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)
more species list checklist Burkina Faso BKN 274.200 +204818081
2048All Species
1808Indigenous Species
1808Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
562 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1184 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
240 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Thiombiano et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Diversity, distribution and preliminary conservation status of the flora of Burkina Faso (Schmidt et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931);
more species list checklist Ivory Coast IVO 322.462 +353834186
3538All Species
3418Indigenous Species
3418Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
706 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
217 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2240 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
120 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de la Cote d'Ivoire: Catalogue systematique, biogeographie et ecologie (Ake-Assi 2001-2002)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003)
more species list checklist Ghana GHA 238.500 o319030345
3190All Species
3034Indigenous Species
3034Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
686 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
159 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1964 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
156 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A list of the Gold Coast Pteridophyta (Adams & Alston 1955); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Togo TOG 56.785 ++220220201
2202All Species
2020Indigenous Species
2019Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
532 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1294 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel, ed., 1984); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985)
more species list checklist Benin BEN 112.622 ++266722620
2667All Species
2262Indigenous Species
2262Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
552 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1575 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
405 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore du Bénin (3 vols., Souza, ed., 2006-2009); Flore analytique du Benin (Akoegninou et al., eds., 2006); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Niger NGR 1.267.000 o8247900
824All Species
790Indigenous Species
790Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
242 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
526 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Nigeria NGA 923.768 o472245819
4722All Species
4581Indigenous Species
4580Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
195 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
115 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
924 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
287 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3057 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983)
WEST CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA (23)
more species list checklist Cameroon (Cameroun) CMN 475.442 +72296788172
7229All Species
6788Indigenous Species
6788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
172Endemic Species
172Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
278 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
254 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
1037 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
409 Indigenous Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
4805 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 124 endemic)
441 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Most recent flora

Flore du Cameroun (Aubreville et al., ed., 1963 - 2022, 44 vols., still incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 3 (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953); The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001)
more species list checklist Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) BIO 2.017 +194117354
1941All Species
1735Indigenous Species
1735Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
212 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
62 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
261 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
135 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1065 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
206 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2013): Preliminary Checklist of vascular plants of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea)

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophyta of Bioko, Vol. 1-5 (Benl 1978-91)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Principe Isl. PRI 146 +5224052
522All Species
405Indigenous Species
405Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
78 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
63 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
190 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
117 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome etc. (Exell 1944); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Sao Tomé SAO 855 +113683911
1136All Species
839Indigenous Species
839Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
147 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
110 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
103 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
460 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
297 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Annobon Isl. ANN 17 +3362612
336All Species
261Indigenous Species
261Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
138 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2016): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Velayos, M. et al. (2014): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Equatorial Guinea (mainland [Rio Muni], excluding islands) EQG 24.500 o206820106
2068All Species
2010Indigenous Species
2010Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
137 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
83 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
375 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
163 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1250 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
58 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet); some more checklists on family level

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Gabon GAB 267.667 +47564643131
4756All Species
4643Indigenous Species
4643Indigenous Species except Microspecies
131Endemic Species
131Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
174 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
212 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
588 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
277 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3390 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 104 endemic)
113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sosef et al. (2006): Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon

Most recent flora

Flore du Gabon (Aubreville et al., eds., 1961-2022, 59 vols. published, still incomplete); Plantes à Fleurs du Gabon (Field Guide, J. P. Vande Weghe et al.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Gabon, Vol. 8. Ptéridophytes (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.)
more species list checklist Congo [Brazzaville] CON 342.000 +4219406717
4219All Species
4067Indigenous Species
4067Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
164 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
717 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2805 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988); La flore des plantes vascularies de la Republique du Congo: nouvelles donnees (Lachenaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Central African Republic CAF 622.436 +356333597
3563All Species
3359Indigenous Species
3359Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
113 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
596 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
155 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2394 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977-1984, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987)
more species list checklist Cabinda CAB 7.823 o4794773
479All Species
477Indigenous Species
477Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
44 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
397 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Conspectus florae angolensis: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist D.R. Congo (Zaire) ZAI 2.344.885 o88608643321
8860All Species
8643Indigenous Species
8643Indigenous Species except Microspecies
321Endemic Species
321Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
324 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
185 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
1308 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 32 endemic)
540 Indigenous Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
6273 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 255 endemic)
217 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) - covers mountains in eastern part of the country

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of the Upper Katanga (Kornas et al. 2000); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Rwanda RWA 26.338 o2167212013
2167All Species
2120Indigenous Species
2120Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
180 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
396 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
201 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1318 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
47 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Burundi BUR 27.834 o205820186
2058All Species
2018Indigenous Species
2018Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
179 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
365 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
179 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1275 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA (24)
more species list checklist Chad CHA 1.284.000 ++220319770
2203All Species
1977Indigenous Species
1977Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
603 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1309 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
226 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis (Brundu 2013); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Tchad (César & Chatelain 2019)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Sudan SUD 1.886.068 +213819991
2138All Species
1999Indigenous Species
1999Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
170 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
526 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1281 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
139 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist South Sudan SSU 619.745 +280426994
2804All Species
2699Indigenous Species
2699Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
654 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
72 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1929 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
105 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Ethiopia ETH 1.133.380 ++5045483369
5045All Species
4833Indigenous Species
4833Indigenous Species except Microspecies
69Endemic Species
69Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
184 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1060 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3399 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic)
212 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Eritrea ERI 121.144 ++157415202
1574All Species
1520Indigenous Species
1520Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
29 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
417 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1040 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
54 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Djibouti DJI 23.200 ++6215840
621All Species
584Indigenous Species
584Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
13 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
128 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
437 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
37 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990)

Most recent flora

Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Audru et al. 1994, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)
more species list checklist Somalia SOM 637.700 ++2961289767
2961All Species
2897Indigenous Species
2896Indigenous Species except Microspecies
67Endemic Species
67Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
562 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2262 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 56 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986)

Most recent flora

Flora of Somalia (Thulin, ed., 4 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1 (Thulin, ed., 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995)
more species list checklist Soqotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl., Samha Isl.) SOC 3.579 ++81777729
817All Species
777Indigenous Species
776Indigenous Species except Microspecies
29Endemic Species
29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
161 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
581 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 26 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Ethnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004)
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA (25)
more species list checklist Uganda UGA 241.038 ++4574440911
4574All Species
4409Indigenous Species
4408Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
272 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
52 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
964 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
293 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2821 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
165 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae: in Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
more species list checklist Kenya KEN 582.646 ++6316606366
6316All Species
6063Indigenous Species
6062Indigenous Species except Microspecies
66Endemic Species
66Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
283 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
68 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1265 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
261 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4178 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 43 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
253 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989); Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996)
more species list checklist Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl., Zanzibar) TAN 945.268 ++95209231315
9520All Species
9231Indigenous Species
9231Indigenous Species except Microspecies
315Endemic Species
315Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
404 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
131 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 17 endemic)
1755 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
549 Indigenous Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
6381 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 220 endemic)
289 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA (26)
more species list checklist Angola (excl. Cabinda) ANG 1.238.877 +64406182157
6440All Species
6182Indigenous Species
6182Indigenous Species except Microspecies
157Endemic Species
157Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
75 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1205 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 24 endemic)
207 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4486 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 131 endemic)
258 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Most recent flora

Conspectus florae Angolensis (Fernandes et al., eds., 1937-1993, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist Zambia ZAM 752.614 ++6103588369
6103All Species
5883Indigenous Species
5883Indigenous Species except Microspecies
69Endemic Species
69Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1193 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
402 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
4055 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic)
220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zambian vascular plants (Phiri 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970); Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia (Kornas 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Malawi MLW 118.484 ++4386428314
4386All Species
4283Indigenous Species
4283Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
236 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
33 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
817 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
406 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2785 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Zimbabwe ZIM 390.759 ++5545510023
5545All Species
5100Indigenous Species
5099Indigenous Species except Microspecies
23Endemic Species
23Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
38 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
961 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
343 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
3473 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
445 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants (Mapaura 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976)
more species list checklist Mozambique MOZ 799.380 ++5558512032
5558All Species
5120Indigenous Species
5120Indigenous Species except Microspecies
32Endemic Species
32Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
227 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
56 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
819 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
208 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3791 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 22 endemic)
438 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique (da Silva et al. 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published); Flora de Mocambique (A. Fernandes, ed., 79 vols. published until 1980, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976)
SOUTH AFRICA (27)
more species list checklist Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip) NAM 824.269 ++40613870148
4061All Species
3870Indigenous Species
3870Indigenous Species except Microspecies
148Endemic Species
148Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
931 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2843 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 120 endemic)
191 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Namibian Indigenous and Naturalised Plants (Klaassen & Kwembeya 2013); List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992)

Most recent flora

Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrica (Merxmüller 1966-1972, 167 families published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika, Lfg. 26 (Merxmüller, ed., 1969)
more species list checklist Botswana BOT 581.730 ++263225082
2632All Species
2508Indigenous Species
2508Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
668 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1750 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana (Setshogo 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist South Africa SAF 1.219.090 +20302193319963
20302All Species
19331Indigenous Species
19317Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9963Endemic Species
9963Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
49.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 38 endemic)
46 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 32 endemic)
40 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4578 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2528 endemic)
473 Indigenous Orchids (of them 171 endemic)
13918 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7194 endemic)
14 Microspecies (of them endemic)
971 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete); A Flora of the eastern Cape (C. L. Bredenkamp, ed., 3 vols., 2019, complete); Many major monographs in the Series "Strelitzia". Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (2 vols., Manning & Goldblatt 2012).

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Lesotho LES 30.355 +178416313
1784All Species
1631Indigenous Species
1629Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
434 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
62 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1044 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Lesotho (Basutoland) (Guillarmod 1971); Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Eswatini [Swaziland] SWZ 17.363 +2805265110
2805All Species
2651Indigenous Species
2651Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
108 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
645 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
91 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1778 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
154 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976)
MIDDLE ATLANTIC OCEAN (28)
more species list checklist Ascension Isl. ASC 88 +39326
39All Species
32Indigenous Species
32Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
15.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Fairhurst, W. (2004) Flowering plants of Ascension Island; A plan for the conservation of endemic and native flora of Ascension Island (Lambdon et al. 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist St. Helena STH 122 ++4869720
486All Species
97Indigenous Species
97Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
389 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

St. Helena: Checklist of endemic & indigenous plants (Clifton 1996)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants & Ferns of St. Helena (Lambdon 2013); The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
INDIAN OCEAN (29)
more species list checklist Madagascar MDG 587.041 +12090116753889
12090All Species
11675Indigenous Species
11675Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3889Endemic Species
3889Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
32.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
726 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 390 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
356 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 184 endemic)
1550 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 389 endemic)
930 Indigenous Orchids (of them 359 endemic)
8105 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2561 endemic)
415 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar (www.tropicos.org)

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Comores (incl. Mayotte) COM 1.862 o1061100027
1061All Species
1000Indigenous Species
1000Indigenous Species except Microspecies
27Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
166 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
94 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
550 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Mozambique Channel Isl. (Iles Eparses p. p., incl. Ile Europa, Juan de Nova Isl.) MCI 36 +170860
170All Species
86Indigenous Species
85Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
84 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Mauritius (incl. Tromelin Isl.) MAU 2.040 ++1943101644
1943All Species
1016Indigenous Species
1016Indigenous Species except Microspecies
44Endemic Species
44Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
202 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic)
222 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
479 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
927 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist La Réunion REU 2.503 ++179998845
1799All Species
988Indigenous Species
988Indigenous Species except Microspecies
45Endemic Species
45Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
252 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 25 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
188 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
162 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
370 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
811 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist Rodrigues Isl. ROD 109 ++4312227
431All Species
222Indigenous Species
222Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
71 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
112 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
209 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist Iles Glorieuses (Iles Eparses p. p.) IGL 7 +127630
127All Species
63Indigenous Species
62Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)
more species list checklist Agalega Isl. AGA 24 o123510
123All Species
51Indigenous Species
51Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
72 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

List of the recorded vascular flora of Agalega (Fosberg et al. 1983, only historical records, no recent data)
more species list checklist Aldabra ALD 155 +2421950
242All Species
195Indigenous Species
194Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
127 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
47 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Aldabra (Hemsley 1919)
more species list checklist Seychelles SEY 300 +80140016
801All Species
400Indigenous Species
400Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
87 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
123 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
22 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
163 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
401 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia) CGS 30 ++178761
178All Species
76Indigenous Species
76Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated check list of the flora of Diego Garcia (Topp 1988)
TEMPERATE ASIA (3)
SIBERIA (30)
more species list checklist Siberia (incl. Altay, Sayan, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk, Buryatia, Chita, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Irkutsk, NE-Siberia) SIB 10.600.000 +4516433589
4516All Species
4335Indigenous Species
4124Indigenous Species except Microspecies
89Endemic Species
85Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
880 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3296 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 69 endemic)
211 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
181 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); numerous regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
RUSSIAN FAR EAST (31)
more species list checklist Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Okhotsk, Kuril Isl., Kamchatka, Commander Isl., Primorye, Khabarovsk, Magadan) RFE 2.500.000 +4095353382
4095All Species
3533Indigenous Species
3445Indigenous Species except Microspecies
82Endemic Species
81Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
24 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
872 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2407 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 47 endemic)
88 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
562 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora murmanskoj oblasti (Kirova, 5 vols., 1953-1966); Flora i paleogeografija Komandoskikh ostrovov (Vasil'ev 1957); Plants of the Kuril Islands (Takahashi 2015); numerous regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
MIDDLE ASIA (32)
more species list checklist Kazakhstan KAZ 2.717.300 +5311511993
5311All Species
5119Indigenous Species
5001Indigenous Species except Microspecies
93Endemic Species
90Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
851 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4159 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 84 endemic)
118 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
192 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kazakhstan (Abdulina 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kazakhstana (Pavlov, etc., 1956-1966, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kazakhstan SSR (Kuznetzov & Pavlov 1958); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Turkmenistan TKM 488.100 +2930274122
2930All Species
2741Indigenous Species
2723Indigenous Species except Microspecies
22Endemic Species
22Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
497 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2199 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them endemic)
189 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora Turkmenii (Fedtschenko et al., eds., 7 vols., 1932-60); Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Opredelitelja Rastenii Turkmenistana (Key to the Plants of Turkmenistan) (Nikitin & Geldichanov 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) (Kopet Dagh only)
more species list checklist Uzbekistan UZB 447.700 o4363394544
4363All Species
3945Indigenous Species
3906Indigenous Species except Microspecies
44Endemic Species
44Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
710 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3189 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 38 endemic)
39 Microspecies (of them endemic)
418 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sennikov et al. (Checklist, in prep.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Uzbekistan (Sennikov, ed., 3 vols. published, 2017-2019), Flora Uzbekistana (Schreder et al., eds., 1953-62, 6 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Uzbekistana, Vol. 1 (Schreder et al. 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Kyrgyzstan (Kirgisia) KGZ 198.500 +3957382445
3957All Species
3824Indigenous Species
3735Indigenous Species except Microspecies
45Endemic Species
45Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
658 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3107 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 38 endemic)
89 Microspecies (of them endemic)
133 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov & Sultanova 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (11 vols., 1950-1965, complete), Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (new version, Vykhotsev, ed., 1967-70, incomplete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kirgistan III (Shishkin & Vvedensky 1951); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Tajikistan TZK 143.100 o4795448871
4795All Species
4488Indigenous Species
4411Indigenous Species except Microspecies
71Endemic Species
69Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
740 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3692 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 59 endemic)
77 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
307 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas (Nowak & Nobis 2020, only about 30% of species covered); Flora Tadzikskoj SSR (Ovchinnikov et al., ed., 1957 - 1991, complete, 10 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Tadjikskoj SSSR, Vol. 1 (Ovchinnikov 1957)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
CAUCASUS (33)
more species list checklist Northern Caucasus (incl. Chechnya, Daghestan, etc.) NCS 200.000 +4124388746
4124All Species
3887Indigenous Species
3780Indigenous Species except Microspecies
46Endemic Species
42Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
71 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
744 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
43 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3011 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic)
107 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
237 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Gruziya [Georgia - Caucasus] (incl. Abkhazia, Adzharia) GEO 69.700 +3952368116
3952All Species
3681Indigenous Species
3558Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
75 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
675 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2867 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
123 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
271 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005); Conspectus Flora Kavkaza (Takhtajan 2003-2012, 4 of 5 vols. published)

Most recent flora

Flora Gruzii (in Georgian) (1971-2007, 15 vols., complete); Flora Abhazii (Kolakovskij, 1980-1986, 4 vols.), Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flora of Georgia (South Caucasus) (Fischer et al. 2018); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005)
more species list checklist Armenia ARM 29.800 +3488340713
3488All Species
3407Indigenous Species
3337Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
45 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
638 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2672 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
70 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
81 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Armenia (Saghatelyan, unpubl.); Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Armenii (ed. A. L. Tahtadzjiana) (11 vols., complete, 1954-2011); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [S-Aserbaidshan, Talysh-Region]
more species list checklist Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, incl. Nakhichevan) AZE 81.100 +371535529
3715All Species
3552Indigenous Species
3499Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
716 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2730 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
53 Microspecies (of them endemic)
163 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Azerbaidzana (2 vols. published, 1953-1957); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [Talysh region only]; Orchidaceae (Karjagin). - In: Flora of Aserbaidshan II (1952)
WESTERN ASIA (34)
more species list checklist Eastern Aegaean Islands (Karpathos, Kasos, Rhodos, Kos, Symi, Samos, Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Limnos etc.) EAI 7.000 ++242422658
2424All Species
2265Indigenous Species
2251Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
469 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1679 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
14 Microspecies (of them endemic)
159 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Dimopoulos et al. (2013, 2016); Checklist updating and analysis of the flora of Symi island and of the nearby island of Seskli (Cattaneo & Grano 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan, eds., 1997 ff.); Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000); Flora von Rhodos and Chalki (Kleinsteuber et al., vol. 1, 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997); Orchideen auf Rhodos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001)
more species list checklist Turkey (excl. European Turkey) TUR 756.816 ++991097461154
9910All Species
9746Indigenous Species
9581Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1154Endemic Species
1147Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
11.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
98 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
1617 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 223 endemic)
90 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
7890 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 902 endemic)
165 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
164 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey, Vol. 11 (Supplement (Kreutz 2000); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Iraq IRQ 438.317 +2997294913
2997All Species
2949Indigenous Species
2932Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
558 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
20 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2346 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Iraq (1966-2019, almost complete); Flora of Lowland Iraq (Rechinger, ed., 1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Iraq, Vol. 8 (Wood 1985)
more species list checklist Iran IRN 1.648.000 ++79717898707
7971All Species
7898Indigenous Species
7821Indigenous Species except Microspecies
707Endemic Species
707Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1036 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 36 endemic)
42 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
6738 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 664 endemic)
77 Microspecies (of them endemic)
73 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Afghanistan AFG 652.225 ++43864278107
4386All Species
4278Indigenous Species
4236Indigenous Species except Microspecies
107Endemic Species
107Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
707 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3485 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 102 endemic)
42 Microspecies (of them endemic)
108 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Afghanistan: an augmented checklist (Breckle et al. 2013); Checklist of the Flowering plants of Afghanistan (Podlech 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Cyprus CYP 9.251 ++170816188
1708All Species
1618Indigenous Species
1610Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
24 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
319 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1223 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 1/2 (Meikle 1977, 1985); An Illustrated Flora of North Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Viney 1996); Illustrated Flora of Cyprus (Christofides 2017, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae (J. J. Wood). - In: Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Meikle 1985); Orchids of Cyprus (Morschek & Morschek 1996)
more species list checklist Lebanon LEB 10.230 ++270126337
2701All Species
2633Indigenous Species
2621Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
469 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2077 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
12 Microspecies (of them endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Lebanon (G. & H. Tolme, 2007-2014, 2 vols.); Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970, 2 vols. text + 2 vols. atlas)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I (Mouterde 1966); Die Orchideen der Levante (Fragman & Kretzschmar, in prep.)
more species list checklist Syria SYR 185.180 ++2880283513
2880All Species
2835Indigenous Species
2827Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
478 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2283 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, Vol. I (Mouterde 1966); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Israel + Palestine ISR 21.946 ++244723347
2447All Species
2334Indigenous Species
2331Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
475 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1795 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist and ecological data-base of the Flora of Israel (Fragman et al. 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Palaestina (4 + 4 vols., 1966-1987, complete), Analytical Flora of Eretz-Israel (Feinbrun-Dothan & Danin 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Annotated List of the Orchids of Israel (Dafni et al. 1986); Orchids of Israel (Dafni 1981); Flora Palestina, pt. IV (Feinbrun-Dothan 1986)
more species list checklist Sinai peninsula SIN 61.000 ++133412951
1334All Species
1295Indigenous Species
1295Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
262 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1017 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
39 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
more species list checklist Jordania JOR 89.556 +162815970
1628All Species
1597Indigenous Species
1592Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
276 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1294 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Plants of Jordan. An annotated Checklist (Taifour & El-Oqlah 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Jordan (Al-Eisawi 1986)
ARABIAN PENINSULA (35)
more species list checklist Saudi Arabia SAU 2.240.000 +211820295
2118All Species
2029Indigenous Species
2029Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
404 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1579 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
89 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Saudi-Arabia (3 vols., 3rd ed., Migahid 1988-1989); Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (3 vols. in 5 parts, Chaudhary, ed., 2001-2007); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986); Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.), Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (MANDAVILLE 1990); Orchidaceae, in: Flora of Saudi-Arabia, 3. Aufl. (MIGAHID 1989)
more species list checklist Kuwait KUW 17.820 ++4003920
400All Species
392Indigenous Species
392Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
89 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
300 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
8 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Kuwait (Boulos & Al-Dosari 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of Kuwait (2 vols., 1985-1987, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)
more species list checklist Bahrain BAR 707 +2762650
276All Species
265Indigenous Species
265Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
205 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
11 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of vascular plants of Bahrain (El-Oqlah & Abbas 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Qatar QAT 11.427 ++3923120
392All Species
312Indigenous Species
312Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar (Norton et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Qatar (2 vols., Abd el Bary & Ekhlas 2012); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist United Arab Emirates (incl. Dubai, Abu Dhabi) UAE 83.600 +3793600
379All Species
360Indigenous Species
360Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
252 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Check-list for Plants in the U.A.E. (Jongbloed 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora of the United Arab Emirates (Karim & Fawzi 2007, 2 vols., complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published); The Comprehensive Guide to the Wildflowers of the United Arab Emirates (Jongbloed 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Oman OMA 309.500 ++109510518
1095All Species
1051Indigenous Species
1051Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
221 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
797 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman (Ghazanfar 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Sultanate of Oman (Ghazanfar et al., 4 vols. 2003-2018, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Yemen (excl. Soqotra) YEM 527.970 +2051194713
2051All Species
1947Indigenous Species
1947Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
424 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1448 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
104 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

A handbook of the Yemen Flora (Wood & Haig-Thomas 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
CHINA (36)
more species list checklist China (incl. Hongkong, Macao and Hainan; excl. Tibet, Taiwan and South China Sea Isl.) CHI 8.351.300 ++30967299016673
30967All Species
29901Indigenous Species
29741Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6673Endemic Species
6651Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
21.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1972 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 644 endemic)
175 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 77 endemic)
938 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 381 endemic)
4352 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 917 endemic)
1373 Indigenous Orchids (of them 169 endemic)
21091 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4485 endemic)
160 Microspecies (of them 22 endemic)
1066 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes); Higher Plants of China in Colour (2016, 8 vols.). Many regional floras in Chinese

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Tibet [Xizang] TIB 1.220.000 ++68856828189
6885All Species
6828Indigenous Species
6797Indigenous Species except Microspecies
189Endemic Species
189Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
524 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 24 endemic)
50 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
93 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic)
837 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
301 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
5023 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 144 endemic)
31 Microspecies (of them endemic)
57 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
MONGOLIA (37)
more species list checklist Mongolia MON 1.566.500 +2847280313
2847All Species
2803Indigenous Species
2740Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
525 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2183 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
63 Microspecies (of them endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia (Urgamal et al. 2014); Flora of Mongolia: annotated checklist of native vascular plants (Baasanmunkh et al. 2022)

Most recent flora

Flora of Mongolia (2009 ff., only 3 vols. published, very incomplete); Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 1982); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999]); Flowers of Mongolia (Hauck & Solongo 2010)
EASTERN ASIA (38)
more species list checklist North Korea NKO 120.500 ++193619192
1936All Species
1919Indigenous Species
1918Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
104 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
510 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1229 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
17 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist South Korea (incl. Cheju Do Isl.) KOR 99.300 ++2998237522
2998All Species
2375Indigenous Species
2372Indigenous Species except Microspecies
22Endemic Species
22Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
243 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1427 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
623 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist Japan (incl. Izu Isl., Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu Isl. and Bonin Isl.) JAP 372.769 ++52444804411
5244All Species
4804Indigenous Species
4788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
411Endemic Species
411Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
640 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 82 endemic)
41 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 17 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 47 endemic)
1092 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 88 endemic)
208 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
2726 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 168 endemic)
16 Microspecies (of them endemic)
440 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Enumeration of the Vascular Plants of Japan (Yonekura 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Japan (revised edition, Iwatsuki et al., eds., 4 vols. in 8 parts, 1995-2020, complete)
more species list checklist Ryukyu Isl. (Nansei Shoto) (incl. Osumi Isl., Tokara Isl., Amami Isl., Okinawa Isl., Daito Isl., Sakishima Isl.) NNS 4.700 ++2091183931
2091All Species
1839Indigenous Species
1838Indigenous Species except Microspecies
31Endemic Species
31Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 10 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
54 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 17 endemic)
410 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
134 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
918 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
252 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands (Garay & Sweet 1974) [incl. checklist of northern Ryukyu Isl.]
more species list checklist Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Isl.) OGA 73 ++48734712
487All Species
347Indigenous Species
347Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
78 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
140 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Kazan-Retto (Volcano Isl., Iwo-jima) KZN 30 ++2521882
252All Species
188Indigenous Species
188Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Taiwan (incl. Lan Yu Isl.) TAI 36.000 ++55954552210
5595All Species
4552Indigenous Species
4544Indigenous Species except Microspecies
210Endemic Species
210Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
767 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 91 endemic)
27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 13 endemic)
121 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 39 endemic)
711 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
435 Indigenous Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
2491 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 34 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1043 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., eds., 6 vols., 1975-2003); Illustrated Flora of Taiwan (Zhong, 8 vols. in 9 parts, until 2019, complete); Grass Flora of Taiwan (C.-H. Chen et al., 2011-2018, 3 vols.); Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Updating Taiwanese pteridophyte checklist (Taiwan Pteridophyte Group 2019); Index to Ferns and Fern Allies of Taiwan (Knapp 2014); Ferns of Taiwan (Ralf Knapp 2010, with supplement 2013); Flora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 1-6, 1990 ff.); Flora of Taiwan, Vol. 1 (2nd. ed., 1994); Ferns of Taiwan (Chengmeng 2020, 2 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79); Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.)
TROPICAL ASIA (4)
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (40)
more species list checklist Pakistan PAK 796.095 +5309471931
5309All Species
4719Indigenous Species
4660Indigenous Species except Microspecies
31Endemic Species
30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
870 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3627 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
59 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
590 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir (Stewart 1972)

Most recent flora

Flora of [West] Pakistan (Nasir, ed., 1970-2012, 219 vols., mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part]; Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984)
more species list checklist Nepal NEP 147.181 +6139576844
6139All Species
5768Indigenous Species
5743Indigenous Species except Microspecies
44Endemic Species
44Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
565 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
84 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
889 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
376 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3831 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic)
25 Microspecies (of them endemic)
371 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Handbook of Nepalese Flowering Plants (Rajbhandari et al. 2017-2023) (new version of checklist, 4 of 5 vols. published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Nepal, Web edition (publication ongoing, Watson et al., ed., 2011); Flora of Nepal (Bista, ed., 1997 ff., few parts published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 of 50 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015-2020): Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal, Volume 1-3 (complete); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001); The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984); Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978)
more species list checklist Bhutan BHU 47.000 ++5006471818
5006All Species
4718Indigenous Species
4707Indigenous Species except Microspecies
18Endemic Species
18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
541 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
105 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
678 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
383 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2989 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them endemic)
288 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Bhutan (Grierson & Long, eds., 1983-2002, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Bhutan (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2009); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001)
more species list checklist India (incl. Assam, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Chumbi, Jammu & Kashmir, excl. Andaman and Nicobar Isl., excl. Lakshadweep Isl.) IND 3.279.173 +18762169821158
18762All Species
16982Indigenous Species
16810Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1158Endemic Species
1153Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1052 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 66 endemic)
62 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 20 endemic)
480 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 142 endemic)
3062 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 306 endemic)
1184 Indigenous Orchids (of them 39 endemic)
11142 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 585 endemic)
172 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic)
1780 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Flora of India (Sharma et al., eds., 1993 ff., 11 of 24 vols. published); Fascicles of Flora of India (1978 ff., 30 vols. published); almost 100 regional floras in India (Botanical Survey of India and others); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published); Flora of Eastern Ghats (Pullaiah et al., 2002 ff., 7 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018), Part III (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2020); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); Illustrated Manual of Ferns of Assam (Borthakur et al. 2000); The Ferns of India: Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution (Chandra 2000); Fern flora of South India (Nampy & Madhusoodanan 1998); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994); Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998); Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999); Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991); Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986); Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981); Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995); Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000); Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987); Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995); Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976); The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966); The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986); Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999)
more species list checklist Lakshadweep Isl. (Laccadives) LDV 32 +3952270
395All Species
227Indigenous Species
227Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
63 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
156 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
168 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands (C. S. Reddy & P. S. Roy 2012)
more species list checklist Maldives MDV 298 o3741900
374All Species
190Indigenous Species
190Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
130 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

List of Addu vascular plants (Fosberg et al. 1966)

Most recent flora

The botany of the Maldive Islands (Willis & Gardiner 1901); Common Plants of Maldives (Sujanapal & Sankaran 2016); Trees and shrubs of the Maldives (Selvam 2007)
more species list checklist Sri Lanka SRL 65.610 ++43153627162
4315All Species
3627Indigenous Species
3625Indigenous Species except Microspecies
162Endemic Species
162Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
342 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 43 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
111 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 26 endemic)
729 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
195 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2248 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 72 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
688 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon (Dassayanake, ed., 1980-2006, 15 vols. in 16 parts plus Index, complete); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka (Vlas & Vlas-deJong, 2008-2019, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, vol. 15/1-2 (Shaffer-Fehre, ed., 2006); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); An annotated check-list of the Pteridophytes of Ceylon (Sledge 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981)
more species list checklist Bangladesh BAN 147.570 o482440716
4824All Species
4071Indigenous Species
4071Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
218 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
171 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
808 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
284 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2582 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
753 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bangladesh (Khan, ed., 1975 ff., 63 vols. published); Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vols. 5-12 (Ahmed, ed., 2007-2009, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vol. 5 (2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bangladesh, vol. ##
INDOCHINA (41)
more species list checklist Andaman Isl. AND 6.496 +2026167610
2026All Species
1676Indigenous Species
1676Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
81 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
92 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
284 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
125 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1085 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
350 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001)
more species list checklist Nicobar Isl. NCB 1.800 +147112098
1471All Species
1209Indigenous Species
1209Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
97 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
65 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
224 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
756 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
262 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999); Flora of Campbell Bay National Park (Jayanthi 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999)
more species list checklist Myanmar MYA 676.552 o107129858152
10712All Species
9858Indigenous Species
9853Indigenous Species except Microspecies
152Endemic Species
152Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
749 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic)
40 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
371 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 19 endemic)
1453 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
1029 Indigenous Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
6216 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 84 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
854 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar (Kress et al. 2003); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A Contribution Toward the Knowledge of Ferns and Lycophytes from Northern and Northwestern Myanmar (Khine et al. 2017); The ferns of Burma (Dickason 1946)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora (Aung et al. 2020)
more species list checklist Thailand THA 513.115 +1105210586500
11052All Species
10586Indigenous Species
10586Indigenous Species except Microspecies
500Endemic Species
500Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
762 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 32 endemic)
33 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
469 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 59 endemic)
1980 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 157 endemic)
1215 Indigenous Orchids (of them 25 endemic)
6127 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 222 endemic)
466 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Thailand (Smitinand et al., eds., 1981-2021, so far 15 vols. in 45 parts, ca. 70% complete, to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Flora of Thailand, Vol. 3/1-4 (Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1979-1989); Pteridophytes in Thailand (Boonkeerd & Pollawatn 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998); A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/1 (Orchidaceae 1) (Pedersen et al. 2011); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/2 (Orchidaceae 2) (Pedersen et al. 2014)
more species list checklist Laos LAO 236.800 o5735540145
5735All Species
5401Indigenous Species
5401Indigenous Species except Microspecies
45Endemic Species
45Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
307 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
224 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
883 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
532 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3419 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 20 endemic)
334 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR (Jin et al. 2016 [data quality not very good]); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Cambodia CBD 181.035 +4358402411
4358All Species
4024Indigenous Species
4024Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
209 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
683 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
299 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2648 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
334 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia (Cho et al. 2016); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Vietnam VIE 331.690 +1187411139655
11874All Species
11139Indigenous Species
11135Indigenous Species except Microspecies
655Endemic Species
655Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
912 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 73 endemic)
68 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
624 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 84 endemic)
1602 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 132 endemic)
1108 Indigenous Orchids (of them 56 endemic)
6825 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 291 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
735 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Câyco Viêtnam (Pham Hoàng Hô, 1991-1993, 3 vols. in 6 parts, complete); Flora of Vietnam (2000 ff., so far 10 families published), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951); Cay Co Vietnam (An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam), vol. 1 (Pham-Hoang Ho (1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992); Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994); Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988); Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004)
MALESIA (42)
more species list checklist peninsular Malaysia (incl. Langkawi Isl.) MLY 132.246 +92198893509
9219All Species
8893Indigenous Species
8893Indigenous Species except Microspecies
509Endemic Species
509Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
702 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 49 endemic)
31 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
639 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 105 endemic)
1334 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 78 endemic)
929 Indigenous Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
5258 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 244 endemic)
326 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of the vascular plants of Malaya (Turner 1995 publ. 1997); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of peninsular Malaysia (Parris, Kiew, eds., 2010 ff., 12 vols. published, to be continued); Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992)
more species list checklist Singapore SNG 710 ++263421822
2634All Species
2182Indigenous Species
2182Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
171 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
180 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
314 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
222 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1287 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
452 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore (Chong et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The concise flora of Singapore (Keng, 2 vols., 1990, 1998); Flora of Singapore (Middleton et al., eds., 2019 ff., 3 vols. published), Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); A Guide to the Ferns of Singapore (Wee 1987)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992); A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995)
more species list checklist Sumatera (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simeulue, Lingga Arch., Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, Batu) SUM 425.150 o74797341404
7479All Species
7341Indigenous Species
7340Indigenous Species except Microspecies
404Endemic Species
404Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
753 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 136 endemic)
35 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
442 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 64 endemic)
887 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 40 endemic)
1156 Indigenous Orchids (of them 81 endemic)
4068 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 81 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001)
more species list checklist South China Sea Isl. SCS 2 o2821970
282All Species
197Indigenous Species
197Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
121 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
85 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei) BOR 743.384 o12436122311826
12436All Species
12231Indigenous Species
12230Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1826Endemic Species
1826Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
14.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1085 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 266 endemic)
56 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 18 endemic)
771 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 138 endemic)
1661 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 423 endemic)
1679 Indigenous Orchids (of them 214 endemic)
6979 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 767 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
205 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeratio Phanerogamarum Bornearum (Masamune 1942, 1945); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); The plants of Mount Kinabalu (1992-2004, 5 vols. published); Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak (Soepadmo & Wong, eds., 1995-2007, 6 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003); Bulbophyllum of Borneo (Vermeulen, O'Byrne & Lamb 2015)
more species list checklist Brunei BRN 5.765 +253024927
2530All Species
2492Indigenous Species
2492Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
285 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
166 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
222 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1775 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
38 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)
more species list checklist Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe, Kabaena) SUL 189.070 o51234888213
5123All Species
4888Indigenous Species
4887Indigenous Species except Microspecies
213Endemic Species
213Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
778 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 88 endemic)
30 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
214 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 24 endemic)
633 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 34 endemic)
665 Indigenous Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
2568 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 32 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
235 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia (Keßler et al. 2002); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Hovenkamp, P. (2013 onwards): Ferns of Sulawesi - Checklist. sulawesiferns.myspecies.info

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Palawan (incl. Busuanga, Culion) PLW 14.649 o1527151315
1527All Species
1513Indigenous Species
1513Indigenous Species except Microspecies
15Endemic Species
15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
232 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
79 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
215 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
952 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Checklist by J. F. Barcelona (pers. comm.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Philippines (excl. Palawan, Sulu Arch.) PHI 325.000 +95048792967
9504All Species
8792Indigenous Species
8792Indigenous Species except Microspecies
967Endemic Species
967Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1040 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 247 endemic)
37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 10 endemic)
397 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 109 endemic)
1029 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 51 endemic)
1179 Indigenous Orchids (of them 121 endemic)
5110 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 429 endemic)
712 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org); Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna, Vol. 2 (Zamora & Co 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Jawa (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch., Bawean) JAW 130.520 o68375500144
6837All Species
5500Indigenous Species
5498Indigenous Species except Microspecies
144Endemic Species
144Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
556 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 45 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
262 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 47 endemic)
798 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
782 Indigenous Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
3089 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 33 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1337 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Java (Backer & van den Brink, 1963-1968, outdated); Mountain Flora of Java (van Steenis 1972); Flora Malesiana (about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Java (Comber 1991)
more species list checklist Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Alor, Wetar) [incl. East Timor] LSI 80.000 o3706329339
3706All Species
3293Indigenous Species
3293Indigenous Species except Microspecies
39Endemic Species
39Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
372 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
116 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic)
549 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
306 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1933 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
413 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014) [not seen nor included]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Ferns of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Posthumus 1944); On the Ferns of Sumba (Posthumus 1930); A preliminary Study on Pteridophytes of Lombok: List of the Species (Wardani & Jaenudin 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Timor: checklist (Silveira et al. 2008); Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014 [not seen nor included]); Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Moluccas [Maluku] (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, Sulu Arch.) MOL 74.500 o39933811151
3993All Species
3811Indigenous Species
3811Indigenous Species except Microspecies
151Endemic Species
151Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
720 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 93 endemic)
29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
205 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 27 endemic)
492 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
449 Indigenous Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
1916 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Taxonomic Studies of Pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) (in 12 parts) (Kato 1988-2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Cocos (Keeling) Islands CKI 14 ++134730
134All Species
73Indigenous Species
73Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Christmas Isl. (Austr.) XMS 135 ++3812112
381All Species
211Indigenous Species
211Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
28 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
134 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
170 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
PAPUASIA (43)
more species list checklist New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Goodenough Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell, Yapen [Japen], Biak, Waigeo etc.) NWG 800.000 +13831134333313
13831All Species
13433Indigenous Species
13432Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3313Endemic Species
3313Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
24% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1354 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 573 endemic)
54 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
724 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 355 endemic)
1624 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 328 endemic)
2835 Indigenous Orchids (of them 975 endemic)
6842 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1063 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
398 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Guinea has the world's richest island flora (Cámara-Leret et al. 2020) [detailed checklist]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far), Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea (3 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The ferns and fern-allies of Papua New Guinea (Johns & Bellamy, 1979 ff., in 12 parts); A Checklist of the Fern Allies, Ferns and Gymnosperms of the N. E. Kepala Burung (Vogelkop), Irian Jaya, Indonesia (Edwards, Johns & Kowalska 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admiralty Isl., Manus Isl., Umboi Isl.) BIS 48.500 -1909182128
1909All Species
1821Indigenous Species
1821Indigenous Species except Microspecies
28Endemic Species
28Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
362 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
69 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
207 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
282 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
884 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
88 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for naturalists (Peekel 1947, reprint 1985, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville, excl. Santa Cruz Isl.) SOL 35.926 o2454227198
2454All Species
2271Indigenous Species
2271Indigenous Species except Microspecies
98Endemic Species
98Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
456 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 51 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
104 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 16 endemic)
253 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
343 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1099 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
183 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991)
AUSTRALASIA (5)
AUSTRALIA (50)
more species list checklist Australia (incl. Tasmania, excl. other islands) AUS 7.690.849 +(+)236502144713880
23650All Species
21447Indigenous Species
21425Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13880Endemic Species
13880Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
58.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
459 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 169 endemic)
114 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 111 endemic)
299 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 135 endemic)
2926 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1314 endemic)
1485 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1091 endemic)
16164 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11060 endemic)
22 Microspecies (of them endemic)
2203 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia (1982 ff., 29 vols. published, about 60% complete, the rest will be published online as e-flora); Flora of Victoria (1993-1999, 4 vols., complete); Flora of New South Wales (2000-2002, 2 vols. published); Flora of the Darwin region (Dunlop et al., 1995, 59 families published); Floodplain Flora (Cowie et al., eds., about 30 families published); Flora of South Eastern Queensland (1983-1989, 3 vols.); Flora of South Australia (5th ed., 2011 ff., published in familiy accounts online); The Student's Flora of Tasmania (2nd ed., 1993-1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Australia, Volume 48 (1998); Flora of South Australia (Jessop & Toelken 1986); The Ferns of Tasmania (Garrett 1997); Ferns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia (Duncan & Isaac 1994); Flora of Victoria, Vol. 2 (Walsh & Entwistle, ed., 1994)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989); Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987); A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960); Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990); Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998); The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995); Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989); Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001)
more species list checklist Ashmore Reef & Cartier Isl. ASH 1 ++17160
17All Species
16Indigenous Species
16Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 49 (Oceanic Islands 1) (1994)
more species list checklist Lord Howe Isl. LHI 154 ++50027826
500All Species
278Indigenous Species
278Indigenous Species except Microspecies
26Endemic Species
26Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
54 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
145 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
222 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Norfolk Isl. (incl. Philip Isl.) NFK 39 ++4501939
450All Species
193Indigenous Species
193Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
93 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
257 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
NEW ZEALAND (51)
more species list checklist New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl., Snares Isl., excl. remote islands) NZL 270.000 ++40102268538
4010All Species
2268Indigenous Species
2249Indigenous Species except Microspecies
538Endemic Species
538Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
13.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
193 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 33 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
469 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 59 endemic)
121 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
1446 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 406 endemic)
19 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1742 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete); The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand (Fineran 1969); Flora of New Zealand [eFloraNZ] (2014 ff., 7 + 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand - Lycophytes [eFloraNZ] (2014-2021, 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Kermadec Isl. KER 36 ++1491084
149All Species
108Indigenous Species
108Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
41 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Kermadec Islands Flora: An annotated checklist (Sykes 1977); New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Chatham Isl. CTM 963 ++8094222
809All Species
422Indigenous Species
420Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
94 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
189 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
387 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants recorded from Chatham Islands (De Lange et al. 2011); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey et al. 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Antipodes Isl. ATP 60 ++65650
65All Species
65Indigenous Species
65Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Auckland Isl. AUC 551 ++2481762
248All Species
176Indigenous Species
176Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
49 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
72 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
PACIFIC (6)
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC (60)
more species list checklist Santa Cruz Isl. (Vanikoro, etc.) SCZ 815 o3413106
341All Species
310Indigenous Species
310Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
96 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
140 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)
more species list checklist New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Loyalty Isl., Ile Art) NWC 19.058 +38833347940
3883All Species
3347Indigenous Species
3347Indigenous Species except Microspecies
940Endemic Species
940Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
24.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
294 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 109 endemic)
48 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 47 endemic)
111 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 59 endemic)
315 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 47 endemic)
219 Indigenous Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
2360 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 659 endemic)
536 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

www.endemia.nc

Most recent flora

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (1967-2021, 27 vols. published [approx. 45%], to be continued); Flore Ornementale de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Gatéble & Neaoutyine 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 3 (Brownlie 1969)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977); Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995); Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13)
more species list checklist Vanuatu VAN 12.190 -1685131924
1685All Species
1319Indigenous Species
1319Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
329 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
144 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
206 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
594 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
366 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vanuatu National Herbarium (PVNH) (Chanel et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Remarkable Plants of Vanuatu (Ramon et al. 2015, field guide); A Guide to the Common Trees of Vanuatu (Wheatley 1992); Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)
more species list checklist Rotuma Isl. ROT 43 +4862171
486All Species
217Indigenous Species
217Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
38 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
269 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names (McClatchley et al. 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Rotuma Island, a Descriptive Manual (St. John 1954)
more species list checklist Tonga TON 750 o7985324
798All Species
532Indigenous Species
532Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
94 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
67 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
298 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
266 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959); The vegetation of Late, Tonga (Sykes 1981); Rain forest vegetation of 'Eua Island (Drake et al. 1996); The rare plants of Tonga (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of 'Eua, Southern Tonga (Sykes 1978); New or noteworthy ferns from the Tongan Islands (Iwatsuki 1963)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Niue Isl. NUE 264 o5612131
561All Species
213Indigenous Species
213Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
28 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
348 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943, outdated); Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Fiji FIJ 18.376 ++25041683139
2504All Species
1683Indigenous Species
1683Indigenous Species except Microspecies
139Endemic Species
139Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 46 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
99 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 41 endemic)
144 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
176 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
943 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 41 endemic)
821 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Vitiensis nova (A.C. Smith, 1971-1996, 5 vols. + Index, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Fiji (Brownlie 1977); A revised Checklist of Fijian ferns and lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991)
more species list checklist Wallis & Futuna WAL 177 +2582481
258All Species
248Indigenous Species
248Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
129 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971)

Most recent flora

Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985); Guide des Plants de Wallis et Futuna (Meyer 2018)
more species list checklist American Samoa (Tutuila, Manua Isl. [Ofu, Olosega, Ta'u]) ASA 197 ++7325161
732All Species
516Indigenous Species
516Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
151 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
230 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
216 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); A study of the rare plants of American Samoa (Whistler 1998); Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist [Western] Samoa ('Upolu, Savai'i, Aleipata Isl., Manono Isl. etc.) SAM 2.831 ++104176627
1041All Species
766Indigenous Species
766Indigenous Species except Microspecies
27Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
231 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 18 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
67 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
92 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
352 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
275 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa (Whistler 1983); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.) TUV 26 +161560
161All Species
56Indigenous Species
56Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
105 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Tuvalu (Thaman 2016); Vegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985)
more species list checklist Tokelau Isl. (incl. Swains Isl.) TOK 14 +106530
106All Species
53Indigenous Species
53Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971); The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983)
more species list checklist Phoenix Islands (Kiribati p. p.) PHX 42 +83380
83All Species
38Indigenous Species
38Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994)
more species list checklist Gilbert Islands (Kiribati p. p.) GIL 311 +213910
213All Species
91Indigenous Species
91Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
122 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, checklist (Fosberg & Sachet 1987); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992)
more species list checklist Banaba (Ocean Isl., Kiribati p. p.) OCE 6 +71290
71All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants, Vegetation and Ethnobotany of Banaba (Ocean Islands) (Thaman & Samuelu 2016)
more species list checklist Nauru NRU 21 ++128490
128All Species
49Indigenous Species
49Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992); The Flora of Nauru (Thaman et al. 1994)
more species list checklist Pacific Equatorial Sporades (incl. Howland Isl., Baker Isl.) HBI 5 o110
1All Species
1Indigenous Species
1Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
SOUTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (61)
more species list checklist Line Isl. (Kiribati p. p., incl. Christmas Isl. = Kiritimati) LIN 757 +182560
182All Species
56Indigenous Species
56Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
126 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985)

Most recent flora

Notes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971); Vegetation History of Washington Island (Teraina), Northern Line Islands (Wester et al. 1992); Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 1962); Flora of Kiritimati (Christmas) Atoll, Northern Line Islands (Thaman & Tye 2015)
more species list checklist Cook Isl. (incl. Rarotonga) COO 230 ++8593307
859All Species
330Indigenous Species
330Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
105 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
48 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
152 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
529 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cook Islands (Sykes 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Marquesas Isl. MRQ 1.020 ++56634142
566All Species
341Indigenous Species
341Indigenous Species except Microspecies
42Endemic Species
42Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 29 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
42 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
181 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/

Most recent flora

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019/2020, complete in 2 vols.); Guide floristique - Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou (Butaud 2014); Guide floristique - Niva Oa, Tahuata, Fatuiva (Butaud 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1
more species list checklist Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Makatea, etc.) SCI 1.628 ++124664768
1246All Species
647Indigenous Species
646Indigenous Species except Microspecies
68Endemic Species
68Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 52 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
62 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
326 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
599 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998); Botanique de l'ile de Tupai (Sachet 1983); Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae (Grant & Fosberg 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Society Islands (Copeland 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998)
more species list checklist Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.) GBI 450 +93510
93All Species
51Indigenous Species
51Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
34 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988)

Most recent flora

La vegetation des iles Gambier (Huguenin 1974); Chock & Hamilton (1962); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Gambier - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Tuamotu Arch. (excl. Gambier Isl.) TUA 450 +3121320
312All Species
132Indigenous Species
132Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
91 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
180 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flora of Maupiti (Fosberg & Sachet 19??); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Atolls soulevés des Tuamotu (Polynésie francaise) Butaud & Jacq 2009); Tuamotu de l'ouest - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013); Tuamotu du centre - Guide floristique (Butaud 2010); Tuamotu de l'est - Guide Floristique (Butaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae, Rapa Iti) AUI 148 +60435727
604All Species
357Indigenous Species
357Indigenous Species except Microspecies
27Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
99 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 24 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
187 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
247 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Les Orchidees du Tubuai, suives d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des Iles Australes (Hallé 1980)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae (Australes) (Butaud 2014); Rapa, iles australis - Guide floristique (Meyer 2011); Terrestrial biodiversity of the Austral Islands (Meyer & Claridge 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980); Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Pitcairn Isl. (incl. Oeno Atoll) PIT 6 +166873
166All Species
87Indigenous Species
87Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987); List of the flora of Oeno Atoll (St. John & Philipson 1960)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Pitcairn Island (Brownlie 1961); Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll) HEN 37 ++67641
67All Species
64Indigenous Species
64Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987)

Most recent flora

Henderson Island (Southeast Polynesia): Summary of current knowledge (Fosberg et al. 1983); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Ducie Atoll (Rehder & Rantall 1975)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Easter Island (Rapa Nui) EAS 180 +170434
170All Species
43Indigenous Species
43Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
127 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991); Plantas de Rapa Nui. Guia Ilustrada (Dubois 2013)
NORTH WEST PACIFIC (62)
more species list checklist Minami-Torishima (Marcus Isl.) MCU 2 -22100
22All Species
10Indigenous Species
10Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

An Ecological Perspective of Marcus Island (Sakagami 1961)
more species list checklist Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, Western Carolines) PLU 516 o109470216
1094All Species
702Indigenous Species
702Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
122 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
165 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
392 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993)
more species list checklist Northern Marianas MRN 464 +6783483
678All Species
348Indigenous Species
348Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
75 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
182 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
330 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular flora of the northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al. 1975-1980)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Guam GUM 540 +10314000
1031All Species
400Indigenous Species
400Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
107 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
196 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
631 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guam (Stone 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Federal States of Micronesia (Central and Eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae) MIC 702 +119767120
1197All Species
671Indigenous Species
671Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
141 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
135 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
66 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
314 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
526 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Pohnpei (Herrera et al. 2010); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg); The Endemic Plants of Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Commentary (Costion & Laurence 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993); Flora of Ponape (Glassmann 1952); Trees of Yap. A Field Guide (Cushing Falanruw 2016)
more species list checklist Marshall Isl. MRS 174 o4531080
453All Species
108Indigenous Species
108Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
74 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
345 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants recorded from Jaluit Atoll (Fosberg & Sachet 1962); A review of the natural history of the Marshall Islands (Fosberg 1990); Vegetation of Bikini Atoll (Fosberg 1988); The Vascular Plants of Majuro Atoll (van der Velde 2003); Flora of Rongelap and Ailinginae Atolls (Releford 2009)
more species list checklist Wake Isl. WAK 8 o110332
110All Species
33Indigenous Species
33Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
77 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation and flora of Wake Island (Fosberg 1959); Wake Island vegetation and flora, 1961-1963 (Fosberg & Sachet 1969)
NORTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (63)
more species list checklist Hawaii (incl. Johnston Atoll, Midway Isl.) HAW 16.729 ++24041237501
2404All Species
1237Indigenous Species
1236Indigenous Species except Microspecies
501Endemic Species
501Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
20.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
172 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 129 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 23 endemic)
146 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
889 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 322 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1167 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Hawaiian Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada, ed., 2012); Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada et al., 2019)

Most recent flora

Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2., rev. ed., 2 vols., Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000); Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates (Wagner et al. 2012); Common Plants of Midway Atoll (Holthuijzen 2017); Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll (Starr & Starr 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Hawai’i (Valier 1995)
NORTH AMERICA (7)
ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA (70)
more species list checklist Alaska (incl. Aleutes) ASK 1.530.000 ++156313614
1563All Species
1361Indigenous Species
1358Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
83 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
364 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
867 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
202 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories (Hulten 1968); Flora of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1960); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Greenland GNL 2.175.600 ++5344361
534All Species
436Indigenous Species
431Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
150 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
241 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Greenland (2nd ed., Holmen 1968); A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Greenland (2nd ed., Böcher et al. 1968); The flowering plants of Greenland (Jorgensen et al. 1958) [see also Flora of North America]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
CANADA (70-72)
more species list checklist Canada CDN 9.970.610 ++5064396122
5064All Species
3961Indigenous Species
3946Indigenous Species except Microspecies
22Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
994 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2663 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
1103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

The flora of Canada (Scoggan 1978, 1979, 4 vols.); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 20 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les fougeres et les plantes alliees du Canada (Cody & Britton 1989); Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist St. Pierre & Miquelon SPM 242 ++5204090
520All Species
409Indigenous Species
407Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
153 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
199 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
111 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the vascular plants of the island of Newfoundland and of the island of St. Pierre et Miquelon (Rouleau & Lamoureux 1992)

Most recent flora

Les plantes vasculaires des iles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (LeGallo 1954) [see also Flora of North America and some Canadian regional floras]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
USA (73-78)
more species list checklist USA (Lower 48 States) USA 8.262.426 ++19150158422919
19150All Species
15842Indigenous Species
15692Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2919Endemic Species
2912Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
15.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
446 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 39 endemic)
111 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 28 endemic)
95 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 32 endemic)
2791 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 238 endemic)
198 Indigenous Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
12201 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2572 endemic)
150 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
3308 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of North America (1993 - 2023, 22 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras - see subpage "Literature").

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Bermuda BER 53 +2141377
214All Species
137Indigenous Species
137Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
77 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bermuda (Britton 1918, very outdated)
MEXICO (79)
more species list checklist Mexico MEX 1.964.382 +25211241485787
25211All Species
24148Indigenous Species
24140Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5787Endemic Species
5786Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
23% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1051 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 205 endemic)
170 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 111 endemic)
655 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 237 endemic)
3459 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 797 endemic)
1319 Indigenous Orchids (of them 183 endemic)
17494 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4254 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
1063 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico (Villasenor 2016); numerous state checklists (Listados Floristicos de Mexico)

Most recent flora

Numerous regional floras, especially: Flora de Aguascalientes (1982 ff., few volumes published), Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Flora of Chiapas (1981 ff., 6 vols. published); Flora of Bajío y de regiones adyacentes (Rzedowski et al., 1991 ff., 236 vols. published); Flora de Guerrero (1989 ff., 95 vols. published); Flora de Jalisco y areas colindantes (27 vols. published), Flora Novo-Galiciana (McVaugh et al., 1974 ff., 9 vols. published); Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (1993 ff., 181 vols. published); Flora de Veracruz (1978 ff., 193 vols. published); Flora Mesoamericana (southern Mexico only, 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004); Flora Novo-Galiciana, Volume 17 (McVaugh 1992); Pteridophytes. Flora of Chiapas, part 2 (Smith 1981); Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico (Mickel & Beitel 1988); Ferns and fern allies of Chihuahua, Mexico (Knobloch & Correll 1962); Listados floristicos de Mexico. IX. Flora de Durango (Elizondo et al. 1991); Flora de Mexico, Volume 6, parts 1-3: Pteridophyta (1993-1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988); Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003)
more species list checklist Isla Guadalupe GLP 244 ++1981501
198All Species
150Indigenous Species
150Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
124 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico (Moran 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988)
more species list checklist Revillagigedo Isl. (incl. Socorro Isl.) RGI 157 +1861524
186All Species
152Indigenous Species
152Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
23 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
104 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)
TROPICAL AMERICA (8)
CENTRAL AMERICA (80)
more species list checklist Guatemala GUA 108.889 o81827879124
8182All Species
7879Indigenous Species
7875Indigenous Species except Microspecies
124Endemic Species
124Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
729 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
327 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 54 endemic)
1196 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
947 Indigenous Orchids (of them 31 endemic)
4652 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora of Guatemala (Standley, ed., 1958-1977, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala, pt. 1-3 (Stolze 1976-83)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998)
more species list checklist Belize BLZ 22.965 +3653340116
3653All Species
3401Indigenous Species
3400Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
273 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
145 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
623 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
289 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2062 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
252 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick et al. 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000); Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988)
more species list checklist El Salvador ELS 21.041 o311728758
3117All Species
2875Indigenous Species
2875Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
379 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
92 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
533 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
396 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1463 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
242 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); An Annotated Checklist of the Monilophytes (Ferns) and Lycophytes of El Salvador (Monterrosa & Monro 2008); Una guia taxonomica para helechos de El Salvador (Seiler 1980); Listado de la flora Salvadorensis / Pteridophyta (Pfeiffer-Berendsohn 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981)
more species list checklist Honduras HON 112.492 +7577663373
7577All Species
6633Indigenous Species
6633Indigenous Species except Microspecies
73Endemic Species
73Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
658 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
293 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 44 endemic)
1118 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
608 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3931 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
944 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, espermatofitas (Nelson Sutherland et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Lycophytes of Honduras: A new annotated checklist (J. D. Reyes et al. 2021); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus. Pteridophyta (Sutherland et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft)
more species list checklist Nicaragua NIC 129.494 ++6319587313
6319All Species
5873Indigenous Species
5872Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
613 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
219 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
1016 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
628 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3386 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
446 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Nicaragua (Stevens et al., eds.) (2001-2009, 4 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 4 (Helechos) (Gomez & Arbelaez 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985); Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001)
more species list checklist Costa Rica (except Isla del Coco) COS 51.060 ++1109210461603
11092All Species
10461Indigenous Species
10460Indigenous Species except Microspecies
603Endemic Species
603Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1165 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 114 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
793 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 280 endemic)
1591 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 48 endemic)
1581 Indigenous Orchids (of them 76 endemic)
5321 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 82 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
631 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora Costaricensis (Burger, ed., 1971, 10 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999); Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992); Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002); Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Hammel et al., ed., 2003)
more species list checklist Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.) COC 40 ++17416021
174All Species
160Indigenous Species
160Indigenous Species except Microspecies
21Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
12.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966)

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of ca. 10 volumes published, plus numerous drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The ferns and fern-allies of Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Gomez 1975) [= Contribuciones a la pteridologia costarricense. VII. Pteridofita de la Isla de Cocos]
more species list checklist Panama PAN 75.517 +102109787409
10210All Species
9787Indigenous Species
9786Indigenous Species except Microspecies
409Endemic Species
409Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
960 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 42 endemic)
21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 11 endemic)
649 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 123 endemic)
1711 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 100 endemic)
1380 Indigenous Orchids (of them 37 endemic)
5066 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 96 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
423 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Panama, vol. 1: The introduction and checklist (d'Arcy 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of Panama (d'Arcy 1943-1980, 9 parts in 21 vols. published, incomplete), Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama (Bogarin et al. 2014); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980)
more species list checklist Clipperton Isl. CLI 30 +31120
31All Species
12Indigenous Species
12Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora and vegetation of Clipperton Island (Sachet 1962); Flora and Vegetation of Clipperton (La Passion) Atoll (Jost et al. 2019)
more species list checklist Isla Malpelo MAL 1 ++0
All Species
0Indigenous Species
0Indigenous Species except Microspecies
Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)

Most recent flora

Flora terreste de la isla Malpelo (Colombia) (Gonzalez-Roman et al. 2014); The biological investigation of Malpelo Island (Graham 1975)
CARIBBEAN (81)
more species list checklist Bahamas BAH 13.939 ++133510664
1335All Species
1066Indigenous Species
1065Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
219 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
733 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
269 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982); Endemic Seed Plants in the Bahamian Archipelago (Freid et al. 2014); Vascular flora of Andros Island, Bahamas (Nickrent et al. 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Sauleda & Adams). - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)
more species list checklist Turks & Caicos Isl. TCI 430 ++4143610
414All Species
361Indigenous Species
361Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
267 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Sauleda & Adams 197
more species list checklist Cuba CUB 114.525 +(+)68916021716
6891All Species
6021Indigenous Species
6021Indigenous Species except Microspecies
716Endemic Species
716Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
555 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 89 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 8 endemic)
162 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 45 endemic)
926 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 62 endemic)
318 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
4048 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 496 endemic)
870 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Base de datos de especímenes de la flora de Cuba : con mapas de distribución, Versión 4.0 - 2008

Most recent flora

Flora de la Republica de Cuba (1998 ff., 27 vols. published); Flora de Cuba (Leon & Alain 1946-1962, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lista de los helechos y licofitos de Cuba (Sanchez 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988); Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Cayman Isl. CAY 262 ++7075450
707All Species
545Indigenous Species
545Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
384 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
162 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984); Orquideas de las Islas Cayman (Adams 1971)
more species list checklist Jamaica JAM 10.991 ++37213012145
3721All Species
3012Indigenous Species
3012Indigenous Species except Microspecies
145Endemic Species
145Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
560 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 66 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
94 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 22 endemic)
454 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
209 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1691 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 49 endemic)
709 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flowering plants of Jamaica (Adams 1972); Flora of Jamaica (Warner 2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Jamaica (Proctor 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995); A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966); Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti) HIS 76.200 +(+)59394976365
5939All Species
4976Indigenous Species
4976Indigenous Species except Microspecies
365Endemic Species
365Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
636 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 72 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
175 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 61 endemic)
615 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
357 Indigenous Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
3187 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 194 endemic)
963 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Hispaniola (Liogier, ed.) (1981 ff., 9 vols. published, mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Navassa Isl. NAV 5 +1381050
138All Species
105Indigenous Species
105Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
80 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
33 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Navassa Island and its flora. 2. Checklist of the vascular plants (Zanoni & Buck 1999)
more species list checklist Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Desecheo Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.) PUE 8.959 +(+)3305235542
3305All Species
2355Indigenous Species
2354Indigenous Species except Microspecies
42Endemic Species
42Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
368 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 22 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
86 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
414 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
139 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1344 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
950 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Liogier (1982)

Most recent flora

Flora of Puerto Rico (Liogier, ed., 1985-1997, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995); An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John), British Virgin Islands (Anegada, Virgin Gorda, Tortola, Jost Van Dyke Isl., Peter Isl., Salt Isl.) VIR 495 +158010720
1580All Species
1072Indigenous Species
1071Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
192 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
748 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
508 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Annotated checklist of the dicotyledons of Tortola (d'Arcy 1967)); An Environmental Profile of the Island of Tortola, Addendum I, Preliminary List of Species (Lindsay 2015); Monocotyledons ang Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora of Virgin Gorda (Little et al. 1971); The flora of the American Virgin Islands (Britton 1918); Flora of St. John (Proctor in Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. 1996); The island of Anegada and its flora (D'Arcy 1971)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995)
more species list checklist Anguilla AGU 70 ++3372580
337All Species
258Indigenous Species
258Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
43 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
211 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla (Walker 2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Maarten (St. Martin) STM 86 ++5114070
511All Species
407Indigenous Species
407Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
314 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
104 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Barthelemy (St. Barts) SBA 21 ++4423480
442All Species
348Indigenous Species
348Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
307 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
94 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

The flora of the island of St. Bartholomew and its origin (Questel 1941); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Saba SAB 13 ++5544251
554All Species
425Indigenous Species
425Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
280 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
129 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Eustatius STE 21 ++4523520
452All Species
352Indigenous Species
352Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
255 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
100 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Kitts & Nevis STK 269 ++8176673
817All Species
667Indigenous Species
667Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
134 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
380 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
150 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977); A revised list of pteridophytes from St. Kitts (Proctor 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Antigua and Barbuda (incl. Redonda Isl.) ABA 441 ++9747640
974All Species
764Indigenous Species
764Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
130 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
551 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
210 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Montserrat MTS 102 ++9037071
903All Species
707Indigenous Species
707Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
118 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
78 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
457 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade, Les Saintes) GDL 1.600 ++205416367
2054All Species
1636Indigenous Species
1636Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
290 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
264 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
106 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
911 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
418 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978); Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001)
more species list checklist Dominica DOM 750 ++144811961
1448All Species
1196Indigenous Species
1195Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
195 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
45 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
176 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
87 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
692 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
252 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Dominica (Hodge 1954, Nicolson 1991); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954)
more species list checklist Martinique MAR 1.102 ++189014693
1890All Species
1469Indigenous Species
1469Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
224 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
85 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
864 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
421 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Lucia STL 616 ++144611301
1446All Species
1130Indigenous Species
1130Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
120 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
186 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
720 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
316 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Vincent and the Grenadines STV 389 ++135611070
1356All Species
1107Indigenous Species
1107Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
48 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
128 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
707 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
249 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Grenada GRE 344 ++10989220
1098All Species
922Indigenous Species
922Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
153 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
131 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
67 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
544 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
176 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25)
more species list checklist Barbados BBD 430 ++8545831
854All Species
583Indigenous Species
583Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
423 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
271 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Barbados (Gooding et al., 1965); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965)
more species list checklist Trinidad & Tobago TRT 5.048 +3480235616
3480All Species
2356Indigenous Species
2355Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
294 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
78 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
465 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
185 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1332 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago (Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016)

Most recent flora

Flora of Trinidad & Tobago - Williams, R. O. et al. (1928-1979, mostly complete, plus additional volumes until 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Checklist of the pteridophytes of Trinidad & Tobago (Baksh-Comeau 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960)
more species list checklist Aruba ARU 179 +3322700
332All Species
270Indigenous Species
270Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
210 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Bonaire BON 288 +3672990
367All Species
299Indigenous Species
299Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
65 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
226 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Curacao CUR 444 +5134270
513All Species
427Indigenous Species
427Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
96 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
314 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist San Andres y Providencia SWC 43 o3022970
302All Species
297Indigenous Species
297Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
223 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA (82)
more species list checklist Colombia CLM 1.141.748 +25832247602902
25832All Species
24760Indigenous Species
24759Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2902Endemic Species
2902Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
11.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1733 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 194 endemic)
37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 16 endemic)
1453 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 339 endemic)
3658 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 365 endemic)
4404 Indigenous Orchids (of them 866 endemic)
13475 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1122 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1072 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (Bernal, Gradstein & Celis, eds., 2015)

Most recent flora

Flora de Colombia (1983 ff., 32 vols. published, very incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989); Helechos y plantas afines de Colombia (Murillo-Pulido 1990); Flora de Colombia, Vol. 9: Pteridophyta 1 (Murillo-Pulido 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia (Szlachetko et al., 2017 ff., 3 volumes published); Native Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98); Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist]; Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21)
more species list checklist Venezuela (incl. Isla Margarita) VEN 912.050 +16565159401112
16565All Species
15940Indigenous Species
15939Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1112Endemic Species
1112Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1264 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 144 endemic)
28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
741 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 133 endemic)
2637 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 241 endemic)
1524 Indigenous Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
9746 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 559 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
625 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nuevo Catalogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela (Hokche, Berry & Huber, eds., 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of Venezuela (Lasser et al., eds., 1968-1989, 24 parts published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora de Venezuela, Vol. 1 + 2 (Helechos) (Vareschi 1968-69); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 2 (1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Venezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.); Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003)
more species list checklist Guyana (British Guyana) GUY 214.969 +6432618382
6432All Species
6183Indigenous Species
6183Indigenous Species except Microspecies
82Endemic Species
82Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
536 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
294 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
1038 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
565 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3745 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic)
249 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Surinam SUR 163.265 +4651442722
4651All Species
4427Indigenous Species
4427Indigenous Species except Microspecies
22Endemic Species
22Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
326 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
820 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
392 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2649 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
224 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of Suriname (Kramer 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986)
more species list checklist French Guiana FRG 83.534 +5088488740
5088All Species
4887Indigenous Species
4887Indigenous Species except Microspecies
40Endemic Species
40Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
338 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
287 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
799 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
440 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3020 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
201 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori 1997, 2 vols.); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Ecuador ECU 272.045 +(+)19125184572006
19125All Species
18457Indigenous Species
18454Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2006Endemic Species
2006Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1525 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 195 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
994 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 176 endemic)
2615 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 248 endemic)
4300 Indigenous Orchids (of them 905 endemic)
9008 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 481 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
668 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999); Supplements by Ulloa Ulloa & Neill (2005); Neill & Ulloa Ulloa (2011)

Most recent flora

Flora of Ecuador (1973 ff., 97 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 9 (Garay 1979); Native Ecuadorian orchids (Dodson & Escobar 1994, Dodson 2001); Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 76: Orchidaceae. Genera Aa - Cyrtidiorchis.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 84: Orchidaceae. Masdevallia and Affiliates.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2010): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 87: Orchidaceae. Genera Cyrtochiloides - Epibator.
more species list checklist Galapagos Isl. GAL 7.844 +(+)78365237
783All Species
652Indigenous Species
652Indigenous Species except Microspecies
37Endemic Species
37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
117 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
97 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
416 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
131 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971); Flowering Plants of the Galapagos (McMullen 1999, Field Guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of the Galapagos Islands (Luer 1972)
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA (83)
more species list checklist Peru PER 1.280.000 +20826202522506
20826All Species
20252Indigenous Species
20250Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2506Endemic Species
2506Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
12% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1288 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 142 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1455 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 636 endemic)
2654 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 214 endemic)
2475 Indigenous Orchids (of them 298 endemic)
12363 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1214 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
574 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Peru (1936 - 1995, 27 vols. published, mostly outdated); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta of Peru, pt. 1-6 (Tryon & Stolze 1989-94)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Icones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series); Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.)
more species list checklist Bolivia BOL 1.098.581 +1543014563648
15430All Species
14563Indigenous Species
14563Indigenous Species except Microspecies
648Endemic Species
648Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1194 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 142 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
566 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 103 endemic)
2232 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 68 endemic)
1378 Indigenous Orchids (of them 54 endemic)
9177 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 279 endemic)
867 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia (Jorgensen et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Prodromus of a Fern Flora of Bolivia (Smith & Kessler 2016 ff., over 30 parts, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000); Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003); Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993)
BRAZIL (84)
more species list checklist Brazil BRA 8.547.404 +366673606711963
36667All Species
36067Indigenous Species
36066Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11963Endemic Species
11963Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
32.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1419 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 517 endemic)
25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
1633 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 646 endemic)
6597 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2781 endemic)
2746 Indigenous Orchids (of them 937 endemic)
23647 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7077 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
600 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br)

Most recent flora

Many regional floras (all incomplete), especially: Flora d Bahia (ca. 85 families and groups published); Flora do Ceara (2013 ff., ca. 30 families and groups published); Flora do Sergipe (2 vols., 2013, 2015), Flora dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins (1981 ff., 51 families and groups published); Flora do Distrito Federal (2001 ff., 11 families published); Flora Ecologia de Restingas do Sudeste do Brazil (1965-1978, 22 families published); Flora do Rio de Janeiro (2017 ff., 24 families published); Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais (134 families published); Flora Fanerogamica da Ilha do Cardoso (1991 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora ilustrata do Rio Grande do Sul (1955-1992, 22 vols. published); Flora ilustrada Catarinense (Reitz, ed., 1967 ff., 184 parts published); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing); Especies Arboreas Brasileiras (Carvalho 2003-2014, 5 vols. published); Arvores Brasileiras (Lorenzi 2009, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Brasileira: Orquideas 1 (A-L), 2 (M-Z) (CD-ROM, Campacci 2000); Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br); Orchidaceae Brasilienses (Pabst & Dungs 1975-77); Icones Orchidacearum Brasilienses (Castro & Campacci, Vol. 1, 2001)
more species list checklist Fernando Noronha Isl. FNI 26 -30290
30All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Terrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included]
more species list checklist Ilha da Trindade ITR 11 o161610
16All Species
16Indigenous Species
16Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
62.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
10 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent flora

Ilha da Trindade & Arquipelago Martin Vaz (Alves 1998)
TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA (85)
more species list checklist Paraguay PAR 406.752 +5184502466
5184All Species
5024Indigenous Species
5024Indigenous Species except Microspecies
66Endemic Species
66Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
256 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
108 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
904 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
172 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3583 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 44 endemic)
160 Neophytes or Culture Escapes </