Species Count in
WorldPlants (might be incomplete)
Country or RegionCodeSurface Area (km²)Status ChecklistAll Species Indigenous Species Endemics
EUROPE (1)
NORTHERN EUROPE (10)
more species list checklist Iceland ICE 103.000 ++8047419
804All Species
741Indigenous Species
438Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
135 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
560 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
303 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic)
63 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Wasowicz, P. (2020): Annotated Checklist of Vascular Plants of Iceland

Most recent flora

A guide to the flowering plants and ferns of Iceland (Kristinsson 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Jan Mayen Isl. JMY 380 ++59580
59All Species
58Indigenous Species
52Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964)
more species list checklist Svalbard (incl. Bjornoya) SVA 62.160 ++2051970
205All Species
197Indigenous Species
191Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
59 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
132 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
8 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Svalbard (Roenning 1964); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)
more species list checklist Faeroe Isl. FOR 1.399 ++3903690
390All Species
369Indigenous Species
335Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Microspecies (of them endemic)
21 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Jóhanson, J. (2010): Føroysk flora
more species list checklist Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., but excl. Channel Isl. and Northern Ireland) GRB 244.110 ++3397254051
3397All Species
2540Indigenous Species
1493Indigenous Species except Microspecies
51Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
81 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
365 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2039 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 47 endemic)
1047 Microspecies (of them 39 endemic)
857 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002); List of Vascular Plants of the British Isles (Kent 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); New Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2019, 4th ed.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Wild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993); Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland) IRE 70.000 ++153212291
1532All Species
1229Indigenous Species
974Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
233 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
902 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
255 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Webb's An Irish Flora, 8th ed. (Parnell & Curtis, ed., 2012); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); New Flora of the British Isles (Stace 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976); A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Denmark DEN 43.094 +1955166310
1955All Species
1663Indigenous Species
1185Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
290 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1282 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
478 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
292 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas Flora Danica (3 vols., Hartvig et al., ed., 2015)

Most recent flora

Dansk Flora (2nd udgave, Frederiksen et al. 2012); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Dansk feltflora (Hansen 1981); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Norway NOR 385.639 ++41863854764
4186All Species
3854Indigenous Species
1320Indigenous Species except Microspecies
764Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
77 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
335 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3396 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 763 endemic)
2534 Microspecies (of them 751 endemic)
332 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Den Nya Nordiska Floran (Mossberg & Stenberg 2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, Vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Nordisk fjaellflora (Nilsson 1991); Flora över Dal (Andersson 1981); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sweden SWE 449.964 ++38673510240
3867All Species
3510Indigenous Species
1496Indigenous Species except Microspecies
240Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
381 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
43 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3012 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 240 endemic)
2014 Microspecies (of them 229 endemic)
357 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Mossberg & Stenberg (2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Finland FIN 338.144 ++2773250889
2773All Species
2508Indigenous Species
1104Indigenous Species except Microspecies
89Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
310 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2100 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 88 endemic)
1404 Microspecies (of them 83 endemic)
265 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland (Kurtto et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finnland) (Hämet-Ahti et al. 1998), Flora Fennica, vol. 1-3 (Lönnrotin 2002); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed., Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kaemmekaet - Suomen orkideat (Korhonen & Vuokko 1987); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
MIDDLE EUROPE (11)
more species list checklist Netherlands NET 33.920 ++201616712
2016All Species
1671Indigenous Species
1265Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
307 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1266 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
406 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
345 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Neerlandica (Koniklijke Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging, 14 vols. published, incomplete); Heukels Flora van Nederland (23. Aufl., Mejden et al. 2005); De Nederlandse Oecologische Flora (5 vols., Weeda 2003); Nova Flora Neerlandica (Haveman et al., eds., 2022-, 1 vol. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora van Nederland (21. ed.) (Heuckels & van der Meijden 1990); De orchideen van Nederland - ecologie - verspreiding - bedreiging - beheer (Kreutz & Dekker 2000); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belgium BGM 30.688 ++211617182
2116All Species
1718Indigenous Species
1386Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
323 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1282 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
332 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
398 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Flore generale de Belgique (Lawalrée et al., 1952-1993); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Orchidaceae Belgicae (Klopfenstein & Toussaint 1983-87); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Luxembourg LUX 2.586 +135212141
1352All Species
1214Indigenous Species
1097Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
233 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
887 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
117 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed., Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Online Atlas of the Pteridophytes of Luxembourg (www.pteridophytes.lu)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Luxemburgs (Mangen et al. 1993); Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Germany GER 356.970 ++6685369362
6685All Species
3693Indigenous Species
2451Indigenous Species except Microspecies
62Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
544 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
68 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2978 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 56 endemic)
1242 Microspecies (of them 45 endemic)
2992 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 12 (Hand et al. 2022, www.kp-buttler.de)

Most recent flora

Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd ed., incomplete); Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen) (92. Auflage 2003, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora, ed. 8 (Oberdorfer, Begr., 2001); Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Rothmaler, Begr., 22. Aufl. 2021, ed. Jäger); Flora Germanica (Hassler & Muer, 2022, 2 vols.); Die Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas (Aichele & Schwegler 1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen), (89. Auflage 1993, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Switzerland SWI 41.285 ++3418302011
3418All Species
3020Indigenous Species
2486Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
90 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
493 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
65 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2355 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
534 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
398 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora Helvetica Checklist 2017 (Juillerat et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Flora Helvetica (5. Aufl., Lauber et al. 2012); Flora der Schweiz (3 vols., Hess et al. 1976-1980); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., multiple volumes, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Liechtenstein LIE 161 ++141513000
1415All Species
1300Indigenous Species
1263Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
242 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
964 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
37 Microspecies (of them endemic)
115 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora von Liechtenstein (Waldburger et al. 2003); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Austria AUT 83.858 ++3620322110
3620All Species
3221Indigenous Species
2722Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
80 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
538 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
67 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2519 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
499 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
399 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Exkursionsflora von Österreich (Fischer, ed., 1994); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Wildwachsende Orchideen in Österreich (Redl 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Poland POL 312.684 ++296526592
2965All Species
2659Indigenous Species
2035Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
436 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2095 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
624 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
306 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist (Mirez et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Flora polska (Szafera, ed., 1919 - 1980, 14 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Poland (Szlachetko & Skakuj 1996); Storczyki Zachodniej Czesci Polskich Beskidow (Bernacki 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Atlas Flory Polskiej i Ziem Osciennych, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Madalski 1971); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Czech Republic CZE 78.866 ++269324091
2693All Species
2409Indigenous Species
1948Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
73 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
425 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1844 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
461 Microspecies (of them endemic)
284 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Danihelka et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Klič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2011, 8 vols., vol. 9 planned))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Slovakia SLO 49.034 ++327827575
3278All Species
2757Indigenous Species
2419Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
477 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2142 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
338 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
521 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://ibot.sav.sk/checklist/index.php (Marhold & Hindak)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Hungary HUN 93.030 ++283323335
2833All Species
2333Indigenous Species
2148Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
458 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1753 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
185 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
500 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants of Hungary (Bartha et al. 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Vadon elo orchideak (Molnar, Sulyok & Videki 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH WESTERN EUROPE (12)
more species list checklist Portugal (excl. Azores, Madeira) POR 89.357 ++299625566
2996All Species
2556Indigenous Species
2505Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
522 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
49 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1911 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
51 Microspecies (of them endemic)
440 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Spain (mainland, excl. Baleares, Canary Isl. and African exclaves) SPA 501.453 ++65055865162
6505All Species
5865Indigenous Species
5219Indigenous Species except Microspecies
162Endemic Species
129Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
108 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
903 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 34 endemic)
88 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
4738 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 109 endemic)
646 Microspecies (of them 33 endemic)
640 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete); Flora ornamental Espanola (Vol. 1-6, incomplete); Flora Valentina (G. M. Sanz et al., 2011-, 4 vols. published); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Occidental (Valdes et al., 3 vols., 1987); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Oriental (2nd ed., Blanca et al. 2011); Flora dels Paisons Catalans (Bolòs & Vigo, 1988-2001, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Andorra ADO 468 ++107910221
1079All Species
1022Indigenous Species
958Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
826 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
64 Microspecies (of them endemic)
57 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d'Andorra (Carrillo et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flowers of Andorra (Crozier & Matschke 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Gibraltar GIB 7 ++6655660
665All Species
566Indigenous Species
565Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
10 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
440 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flowers of Gibraltar (Leslie et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Baleares BAL 4.992 ++164314696
1643All Species
1469Indigenous Species
1456Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
273 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1114 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
13 Microspecies (of them endemic)
174 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora de Mallorca (Vols. I-IV, Bonafe 1977-1980); Illustrated Flora of Mallorca (Beckett 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978); Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist France (mainland, excl. Corsica) FRA 535.285 ++6139534351
6139All Species
5343Indigenous Species
4365Indigenous Species except Microspecies
51Endemic Species
30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
121 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
847 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
105 Indigenous Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
4240 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 32 endemic)
978 Microspecies (of them 21 endemic)
796 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index synonymique de la flore de France (Kerguélen 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault 2014); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon et al. 2012); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Monaco MCO 2 -47410
47All Species
41Indigenous Species
41Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
41 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist British Channel Isl. CIS 198 +15059130
1505All Species
913Indigenous Species
813Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
187 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
678 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
100 Microspecies (of them endemic)
592 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vice-County Census Catalogue (Botanicalkeys.co.uk)

Most recent flora

Wildflowers of Alderney (Bonnard 2008); A flora of the Island of Jersey (Lester-Garland 1903); The Wild Flowers of Jersey (Shirreffs 2015)
more species list checklist Corsica COR 8.680 ++225620965
2256All Species
2096Indigenous Species
2048Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
427 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1528 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
48 Microspecies (of them endemic)
160 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Corsica, 2ème ed. (Jeanmonod & Gamisans 2013); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sardinia SAR 23.318 ++213419937
2134All Species
1993Indigenous Species
1977Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
388 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1484 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
16 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora dell' Isola di Sardegna, Vol. 1-6 (Arrigoni 2006-2015); Flora Sarda / Piante Endemiche (Marras 2000); Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Giotta & Picitto 1990); Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Scrugli 1991); Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee. Specie spontanee (Liverani 1991); Orchidacee d’Italia (Grünanger 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (13)
more species list checklist Italy (mainland) (incl. Elba Isl., Capri Isl.) ITA 203.856 ++6104550560
6104All Species
5505Indigenous Species
5010Indigenous Species except Microspecies
60Endemic Species
44Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
124 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
922 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
137 Indigenous Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
4294 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 33 endemic)
495 Microspecies (of them 16 endemic)
599 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora Analitica della Toscana (Arrigoni, 2016-2021, 8 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Le Pteridofite d'Italia (Marchetti 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sicily (incl. Isole Pelagie, Lampedusa) SIC 25.426 ++2623239310
2623All Species
2393Indigenous Species
2369Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
51 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
473 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
68 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1779 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
24 Microspecies (of them endemic)
230 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.); Flora e vegetazione dell'Isola di Lampedusa (Bartolo et al. 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (GIARDINA et al. 2007); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Malta MLT 316 ++8827921
882All Species
792Indigenous Species
792Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
116 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
616 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977); Flora of the Maltese Islands (Casha 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Le Orchidaceae dell'archipelago maltese (Bartolo et al. 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist San Marino SMA 61 +10108200
1010All Species
820Indigenous Species
816Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
151 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
624 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
190 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora vascolare della Repubblica di San Marino (Alessandrini et al. 2022); Flora della repubblica di San Marino (Pampanini 1930) [outdated]
more species list checklist Slovenia SLV 20.273 +296827112
2968All Species
2711Indigenous Species
2599Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
524 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
62 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2036 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
112 Microspecies (of them endemic)
257 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Register flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vres 1995)

Most recent flora

Flora of Slovenia (iFlora - Plant Guide Book 22) (Tackenberg); Mala flora Slovenije, kljuc za dolocanje praprotnic in semenk (Martinic et al. 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Croatia CRO 56.594 ++430438018
4304All Species
3801Indigenous Species
3686Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
83 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
684 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
88 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2919 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
115 Microspecies (of them endemic)
503 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nikolić T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd)

Most recent flora

Nikolić, T. (2019-2020): Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske. 4 vols. (complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bosnia & Hercegovina BIH 51.209 -280526294
2805All Species
2629Indigenous Species
2554Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
470 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2012 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
75 Microspecies (of them endemic)
176 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Bosne i Hercegovine (Beck 1903-1921, 1927, Beck & Maly 1950, Bjelčić 1967-1983, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Bosnia & Hercegovina (Sabanovic et al. 2021)
more species list checklist Montenegro MNT 13.812 o256724903
2567All Species
2490Indigenous Species
2428Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
442 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1914 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
62 Microspecies (of them endemic)
77 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Katalog Vaskularne Flora Crne Gore, Tom. 1 (Stesevic & Cakovic 2013) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Conspectus Florae Montenegrinae (Rohlena 1942)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideenflora Montenegros (Parolly 1991, in Mitt. Bl. AHO Bad.-Württ., Vol. 24); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Serbia SRB 77.474 o309829622
3098All Species
2962Indigenous Species
2902Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
531 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2297 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
60 Microspecies (of them endemic)
136 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora of Serbia, Vol. 1 (Niketic & Tomovic 2018) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Kosovo KOS 10.877 -1851800
185All Species
180Indigenous Species
154Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
166 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
26 Microspecies (of them endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Northern Macedonia NMA 25.713 o300229055
3002All Species
2905Indigenous Species
2825Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
450 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2326 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
80 Microspecies (of them endemic)
97 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora na Republika Makedonija (Micevski et al. 1983-2006, Matevski 2010; 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Albania ALB 28.748 +336832281
3368All Species
3228Indigenous Species
3166Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
582 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2506 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
62 Microspecies (of them endemic)
140 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Albania (Barina et al. 2017), Checklist of vascular plants of Albania (Barina et al. 2018); Atlas Florae Albanicae (Vangjeli 2017, 1 vol. published)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Excursion Flora of Albania (Vangjeli 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Die Orchideenflora Albaniens (Gölz & Reinhard 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Romania ROM 237.500 ++343631637
3436All Species
3163Indigenous Species
2992Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
67 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
597 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2427 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
171 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
273 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Republicii Socialiste România (1952-1976, 13 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Romaniei, Vol. II (Beldie 1979); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bulgaria BUL 110.994 ++3849365314
3849All Species
3653Indigenous Species
3457Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
63 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
622 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
49 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2897 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
196 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora (Assyov et al., 4th ed. 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae (Jordanov et al., 1963-2012, 11 vols.); Flora bulgarica (CD-ROM, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora von Bulgarien (Stojanow & Stafanov 1948); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Turkey TUE 23.764 ++204219750
2042All Species
1975Indigenous Species
1957Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
437 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1471 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them endemic)
67 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Greece (incl. Kikladhes, excl. Crete, Kasos, Karpathos, Rhodos and E-Aegaean) GRC 123.600 ++5218491563
5218All Species
4915Indigenous Species
4742Indigenous Species except Microspecies
63Endemic Species
60Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
903 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
93 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3817 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 40 endemic)
173 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan (eds., 1997-2005, 3 vols. published, incomplete); Mountain Flora of Greece (Vol. 1/2, Strid, ed., 1989/1991, incomplete); Flowers of Greece (Lafranchis & Sfikas 2009, 2 vols., field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Synopsis Flora Graecae: Orchidaceae (Diapulis 1995); The Orchids of Greece - Inventory and Review (Kalopissis 1988); Orchids of Greece (Lepper 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crete KRI 8.336 ++2007185114
2007All Species
1851Indigenous Species
1842Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
376 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1382 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
9 Microspecies (of them endemic)
156 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016)

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) (engl. ed. 1998); Orchidaceae (Scheurer & Jahn). In: Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
EASTERN EUROPE (14)
more species list checklist Estonia EST 45.339 ++194314190
1943All Species
1419Indigenous Species
1126Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
267 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1059 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
293 Microspecies (of them endemic)
524 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Estonian Flora 2020 (Kukk et al., 2021); Eesti Taimestik (Checklist of vascular plants) (Kukk 1999)

Most recent flora

Eesti NSV Floora (Flora of Estonian SSR, Vol. 1-11, 1953-1984); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Native orchids in Estonia (Kuusk 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Latvia LAT 64.589 ++163613180
1636All Species
1318Indigenous Species
1127Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
44 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
281 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
956 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
191 Microspecies (of them endemic)
318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Latvijas vaskularo augu flora. Taksonu Saraksts (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Latvias PSR Flora (Galenieka, P., ed., 1953-1959, in 4 vols., complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora of Latvian vascular taxa (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Lithuania LIT 65.300 ++153012390
1530All Species
1239Indigenous Species
1140Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
281 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
880 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
99 Microspecies (of them endemic)
291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lietuvos Induociai augalai (Gudzinskas 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Lietuvos PSR Flora (Vols. 1-6, 1959-1980, complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belarus BLR 207.595 +185514981
1855All Species
1498Indigenous Species
1406Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
312 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1099 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
92 Microspecies (of them endemic)
357 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Belarusi (Vol. 1-3, 2009-2017, incomplete, in total 6 vols. planned); Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Russia (excl. Caucasus, incl. Kaliningrad region, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya) RUS 4.300.000 ++4599413129
4599All Species
4131Indigenous Species
3462Indigenous Species except Microspecies
29Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
74 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
736 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3257 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 26 endemic)
669 Microspecies (of them 17 endemic)
468 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Moldova (incl. Transnistria) MLD 33.843 (+)6255540
625All Species
554Indigenous Species
516Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
522 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
38 Microspecies (of them endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011), Vol. 2 (Magnoliophyta) (2016) [incomplete, in total 6 volumes are planned]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ukraine (excl. Crimea) UKR 577.720 ++320529595
3205All Species
2959Indigenous Species
2763Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
572 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2278 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
196 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
246 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Ukrainae Carpaticae (Chopik 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian); Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crimea KRY 26.080 ++228421136
2284All Species
2113Indigenous Species
2042Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
363 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1661 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
71 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
171 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kryma (Wulf., ed., 1927-1969, 11 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchids of Crimea (Fateryga & Kreutz 2014); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
AFRICA (2)
NORTHERN AFRICA (20)
more species list checklist Morocco MOR 453.730 ++4340392149
4340All Species
3921Indigenous Species
3889Indigenous Species except Microspecies
49Endemic Species
48Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
66 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
713 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3086 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
419 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore pratique du Maroc (Fennane et al. 1999-2015, 3 vols.); Flore vasculaire du Maroc, inventaire et chorologie (Fennane & Ibn Tattou, 2 vols., 2005-2007); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flore pratique du Maroc, Vol. 1 (Salvo & Ouyahya 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Western Sahara WSA 267.769 +2412390
241All Species
239Indigenous Species
239Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
194 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie, Vol. 2 (Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Algeria ALG 2.381.740 ++3749340817
3749All Species
3408Indigenous Species
3390Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
632 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2645 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
341 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962/63, 2 vols.); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Tunisia TUN 164.418 ++243722405
2437All Species
2240Indigenous Species
2233Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
39 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
442 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1713 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
197 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de Tunisie: Catalogue synonymique commente (Le Floc'h & Boulos 2008); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore de la Tunisie (Pottier-Alapetite, ed., 1979-1984, 3 vols. + Atlas, complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988)
more species list checklist Libya LBY 1.757.000 ++193217482
1932All Species
1748Indigenous Species
1745Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
361 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1353 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Libya (Ali & Jafri, eds., 1976-1990, 150 vols., almost complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Libya - Pteridophytes (1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985); Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001)
more species list checklist Egypt (excl. Sinai peninsula) EGY 878.000 ++196118151
1961All Species
1815Indigenous Species
1808Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
12 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
393 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1405 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
146 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005, 4 vols., complete); Flora of Egypt (Cairo University, 1981-1998, 9 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
MACARONESIA (21)
more species list checklist Azores AZO 2.247 ++9455878
945All Species
587Indigenous Species
582Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
392 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
358 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Catalogo das plantas vasculares dos Acores (Palhina 1966)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Azores (3rd ed., Schaefer et al. 2022, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Soó 1980); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die Orchideen der Azoren (Frey 1977)
more species list checklist Madeira MDR 741 ++130676611
1306All Species
766Indigenous Species
757Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
147 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
547 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
9 Microspecies (of them endemic)
540 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020); Flores Silvestres de las Islas Canarias (Bramwell & Bramwell 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Islas Selvagens (Salvajes Isl.) SEL 3 ++109950
109All Species
95Indigenous Species
95Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Canary Isl. CNY 7.273 ++2101156621
2101All Species
1566Indigenous Species
1561Indigenous Species except Microspecies
21Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
249 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1248 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
535 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen der Kanarischen Inseln (Muer, Sauerbier & Calixto 2016); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986)
more species list checklist Cape Verde Isl. CVI 4.033 ++7705442
770All Species
544Indigenous Species
544Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
367 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
226 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora de Cabo Verde (Paiva et al., 1995-2002, 106 vols., ?complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern-Allies (Pteridophyta) of the Cape Verde Islands (Lobin et al. 1998)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA (22)
more species list checklist Mauritania MTN 1.030.700 +8437760
843All Species
776Indigenous Species
774Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
226 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
535 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
67 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie (2 vols., Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Senegal SEN 196.722 +188617880
1886All Species
1788Indigenous Species
1788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
559 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1132 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Sénégal (Berhaut, ed., 1971-1988, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988)
more species list checklist Gambia GAM 11.295 o10168410
1016All Species
841Indigenous Species
841Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
244 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
557 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
175 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Gambian Biodiversity: A Provisional Checklist of all Species Recorded within the Gambia (Emms & Brummitt 2005)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of the Gambia (Jones 1994, only cursory overview)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea-Bissau GNB 36.125 ++141313311
1413All Species
1331Indigenous Species
1331Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
333 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
31 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
921 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) (Catarino et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora da Guiné-Bissau / Jardim e museu agrícola do Ultramar .. (7 vol., 1971-1983, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea [Conakry] GUI 245.857 ++308127638
3081All Species
2763Indigenous Species
2763Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
168 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
46 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
633 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
130 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1786 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2009); Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Sierra Leone SIE 71.740 o269625621
2696All Species
2562Indigenous Species
2562Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
138 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
63 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
577 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
156 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1628 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
134 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Liberia LBR 99.067 o223721729
2237All Species
2172Indigenous Species
2171Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
192 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
61 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
383 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
148 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1388 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Über die Farne Liberias (Westafrika), ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung (Kunkel 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Mali MLI 1.240.192 o167015910
1670All Species
1591Indigenous Species
1590Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
452 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1075 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)
more species list checklist Burkina Faso BKN 274.200 +204518041
2045All Species
1804Indigenous Species
1804Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1180 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
241 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Thiombiano et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Diversity, distribution and preliminary conservation status of the flora of Burkina Faso (Schmidt et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931);
more species list checklist Ivory Coast IVO 322.462 +353434154
3534All Species
3415Indigenous Species
3415Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
706 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
216 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2238 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
119 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de la Cote d'Ivoire: Catalogue systematique, biogeographie et ecologie (Ake-Assi 2001-2002)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003)
more species list checklist Ghana GHA 238.500 o318730314
3187All Species
3031Indigenous Species
3031Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
67 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
686 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
159 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1960 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
156 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A list of the Gold Coast Pteridophyta (Adams & Alston 1955); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Togo TOG 56.785 ++220120190
2201All Species
2019Indigenous Species
2018Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
532 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1292 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel, ed., 1984); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985)
more species list checklist Benin BEN 112.622 ++266622590
2666All Species
2259Indigenous Species
2259Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
553 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1571 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
407 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore du Bénin (3 vols., Souza, ed., 2006-2009); Flore analytique du Benin (Akoegninou et al., eds., 2006); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Niger NGR 1.267.000 o8257910
825All Species
791Indigenous Species
791Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
243 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
525 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Nigeria NGA 923.768 o470845676
4708All Species
4567Indigenous Species
4566Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
195 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
115 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
923 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
285 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3046 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983)
WEST CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA (23)
more species list checklist Cameroon (Cameroun) CMN 475.442 +7243679891
7243All Species
6798Indigenous Species
6798Indigenous Species except Microspecies
91Endemic Species
91Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
278 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
254 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 26 endemic)
1039 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
407 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
4815 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 40 endemic)
445 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Most recent flora

Flore du Cameroun (Aubreville et al., ed., 1963 - 2022, 44 vols., still incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 3 (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953); The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001)
more species list checklist Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) BIO 2.017 +193717304
1937All Species
1730Indigenous Species
1730Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
212 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
62 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
261 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1062 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
207 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2013): Preliminary Checklist of vascular plants of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea)

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophyta of Bioko, Vol. 1-5 (Benl 1978-91)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Principe Isl. PRI 146 +5224053
522All Species
405Indigenous Species
405Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
78 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
63 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
190 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
117 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome etc. (Exell 1944); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Sao Tomé SAO 855 +113683812
1136All Species
838Indigenous Species
838Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
147 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
110 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
101 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
461 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
298 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Annobon Isl. ANN 17 +3392642
339All Species
264Indigenous Species
264Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
140 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2016): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Velayos, M. et al. (2014): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Equatorial Guinea (mainland [Rio Muni], excluding islands) EQG 24.500 o206420063
2064All Species
2006Indigenous Species
2006Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
137 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
83 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
375 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
161 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1248 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
58 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet); some more checklists on family level

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Gabon GAB 267.667 +4755464238
4755All Species
4642Indigenous Species
4642Indigenous Species except Microspecies
38Endemic Species
38Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
174 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
212 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
588 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
274 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3392 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sosef et al. (2006): Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon

Most recent flora

Flore du Gabon (Aubreville et al., eds., 1961-2022, 59 vols. published, still incomplete); Plantes à Fleurs du Gabon (Field Guide, J. P. Vande Weghe et al.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Gabon, Vol. 8. Ptéridophytes (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.)
more species list checklist Congo [Brazzaville] CON 342.000 +421440639
4214All Species
4063Indigenous Species
4063Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
164 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
717 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2801 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
151 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988); La flore des plantes vascularies de la Republique du Congo: nouvelles donnees (Lachenaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Central African Republic CAF 622.436 +355833535
3558All Species
3353Indigenous Species
3353Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
113 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
595 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
155 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2389 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
205 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977-1984, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987)
more species list checklist Cabinda CAB 7.823 o4784763
478All Species
476Indigenous Species
476Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
44 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
396 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Conspectus florae angolensis: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist D.R. Congo (Zaire) ZAI 2.344.885 o88858666119
8885All Species
8666Indigenous Species
8666Indigenous Species except Microspecies
119Endemic Species
119Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
324 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
185 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
1308 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
537 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
6299 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 58 endemic)
219 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) - covers mountains in eastern part of the country

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of the Upper Katanga (Kornas et al. 2000); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Rwanda RWA 26.338 o2167212010
2167All Species
2120Indigenous Species
2120Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
180 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
398 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
199 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1318 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
47 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Burundi BUR 27.834 o205420144
2054All Species
2014Indigenous Species
2014Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
179 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
364 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
178 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1273 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA (24)
more species list checklist Chad CHA 1.284.000 ++204918591
2049All Species
1859Indigenous Species
1859Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
601 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1193 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
190 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis (Brundu 2013); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Tchad (César & Chatelain 2019)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Sudan SUD 1.886.068 +213919980
2139All Species
1998Indigenous Species
1998Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
170 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
528 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1278 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist South Sudan SSU 619.745 +280226962
2802All Species
2696Indigenous Species
2696Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
656 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1925 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Ethiopia ETH 1.133.380 ++5058484327
5058All Species
4843Indigenous Species
4843Indigenous Species except Microspecies
27Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
184 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1066 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3403 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Eritrea ERI 121.144 ++157715231
1577All Species
1523Indigenous Species
1523Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
29 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
420 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1040 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
54 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Djibouti DJI 23.200 ++6235860
623All Species
586Indigenous Species
586Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
13 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
130 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
437 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
37 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990)

Most recent flora

Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Audru et al. 1994, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)
more species list checklist Somalia SOM 637.700 ++2960289624
2960All Species
2896Indigenous Species
2895Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
563 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2260 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986)

Most recent flora

Flora of Somalia (Thulin, ed., 4 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1 (Thulin, ed., 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995)
more species list checklist Soqotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl., Samha Isl.) SOC 3.579 ++8217811
821All Species
781Indigenous Species
780Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
163 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
583 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Ethnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004)
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA (25)
more species list checklist Uganda UGA 241.038 ++457144054
4571All Species
4405Indigenous Species
4404Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
272 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
52 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
966 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
292 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2816 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
166 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae: in Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
more species list checklist Kenya KEN 582.646 ++6307605429
6307All Species
6054Indigenous Species
6053Indigenous Species except Microspecies
29Endemic Species
29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
283 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
68 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1267 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
260 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4168 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
253 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989); Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996)
more species list checklist Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl., Zanzibar) TAN 945.268 ++95159224156
9515All Species
9224Indigenous Species
9224Indigenous Species except Microspecies
156Endemic Species
156Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
404 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
131 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
1758 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
548 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
6372 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 75 endemic)
291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA (26)
more species list checklist Angola (excl. Cabinda) ANG 1.238.877 +6438617954
6438All Species
6179Indigenous Species
6179Indigenous Species except Microspecies
54Endemic Species
54Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
75 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1205 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
207 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4483 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic)
259 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Most recent flora

Conspectus florae Angolensis (Fernandes et al., eds., 1937-1993, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist Zambia ZAM 752.614 ++6089586932
6089All Species
5869Indigenous Species
5869Indigenous Species except Microspecies
32Endemic Species
32Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
1191 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
401 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
4044 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zambian vascular plants (Phiri 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970); Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia (Kornas 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Malawi MLW 118.484 ++438242798
4382All Species
4279Indigenous Species
4279Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
236 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
33 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
817 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
404 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2783 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Zimbabwe ZIM 390.759 ++5539509018
5539All Species
5090Indigenous Species
5089Indigenous Species except Microspecies
18Endemic Species
18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
38 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
959 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
342 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3466 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
449 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants (Mapaura 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976)
more species list checklist Mozambique MOZ 799.380 ++5552511617
5552All Species
5116Indigenous Species
5116Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
227 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
56 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
820 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
208 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3786 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
436 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique (da Silva et al. 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of 50 parts published); Flora de Mocambique (A. Fernandes, ed., 79 vols. published until 1980, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976)
SOUTH AFRICA (27)
more species list checklist Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip) NAM 824.269 ++4056386348
4056All Species
3863Indigenous Species
3863Indigenous Species except Microspecies
48Endemic Species
48Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
929 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2838 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
193 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Namibian Indigenous and Naturalised Plants (Klaassen & Kwembeya 2013); List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992)

Most recent flora

Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrica (Merxmüller 1966-1972, 167 families published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika, Lfg. 26 (Merxmüller, ed., 1969)
more species list checklist Botswana BOT 581.730 ++262925041
2629All Species
2504Indigenous Species
2504Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
668 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1746 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
125 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana (Setshogo 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist South Africa SAF 1.219.090 +20283193085011
20283All Species
19308Indigenous Species
19294Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5011Endemic Species
5011Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
24.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 38 endemic)
46 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 32 endemic)
40 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
4575 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2027 endemic)
473 Indigenous Orchids (of them 155 endemic)
13898 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2753 endemic)
14 Microspecies (of them endemic)
975 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete); A Flora of the eastern Cape (C. L. Bredenkamp, ed., 3 vols., 2019, complete); Many major monographs in the Series "Strelitzia". Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (2 vols., Manning & Goldblatt 2012).

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Lesotho LES 30.355 +178716331
1787All Species
1633Indigenous Species
1631Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
436 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
62 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1044 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
154 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Lesotho (Basutoland) (Guillarmod 1971); Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Eswatini [Swaziland] SWZ 17.363 +280426504
2804All Species
2650Indigenous Species
2650Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
108 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
648 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
91 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1774 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
154 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976)
MIDDLE ATLANTIC OCEAN (28)
more species list checklist Ascension Isl. ASC 88 +40336
40All Species
33Indigenous Species
33Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
15% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Fairhurst, W. (2004) Flowering plants of Ascension Island; A plan for the conservation of endemic and native flora of Ascension Island (Lambdon et al. 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist St. Helena STH 122 ++4899816
489All Species
98Indigenous Species
98Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
28 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
391 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

St. Helena: Checklist of endemic & indigenous plants (Clifton 1996)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants & Ferns of St. Helena (Lambdon 2013); The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
INDIAN OCEAN (29)
more species list checklist Madagascar MDG 587.041 +12071116551654
12071All Species
11655Indigenous Species
11655Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1654Endemic Species
1654Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
13.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
726 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 390 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
356 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 285 endemic)
1552 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 275 endemic)
932 Indigenous Orchids (of them 309 endemic)
8081 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 389 endemic)
416 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar (www.tropicos.org)

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Comores (incl. Mayotte) COM 1.862 o1060100023
1060All Species
1000Indigenous Species
1000Indigenous Species except Microspecies
23Endemic Species
23Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic)
165 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
93 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
552 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
60 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Mozambique Channel Isl. (Iles Eparses p. p., incl. Ile Europa, Juan de Nova Isl.) MCI 36 +171850
171All Species
85Indigenous Species
83Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
63 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Mauritius (incl. Tromelin Isl.) MAU 2.040 ++1947102030
1947All Species
1020Indigenous Species
1020Indigenous Species except Microspecies
30Endemic Species
30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
202 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
224 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
98 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
472 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
927 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2019, 26 vols., complete except Orchidaceae); Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)
more species list checklist La Réunion REU 2.503 ++1855104343
1855All Species
1043Indigenous Species
1043Indigenous Species except Microspecies
43Endemic Species
43Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
252 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 25 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
190 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
217 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
368 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
812 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2019, 26 vols., complete except Orchidaceae); Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)
more species list checklist Rodrigues Isl. ROD 109 ++4302207
430All Species
220Indigenous Species
220Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
72 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
112 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
210 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2019, 26 vols., complete except Orchidaceae); Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013)
more species list checklist Iles Glorieuses (Iles Eparses p. p.) IGL 7 +128630
128All Species
63Indigenous Species
61Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)
more species list checklist Agalega Isl. AGA 24 o110
1All Species
1Indigenous Species
1Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

List of the recorded vascular flora of Agalega (Fosberg et al. 1983, only historical records, no recent data)
more species list checklist Aldabra ALD 155 +1161000
116All Species
100Indigenous Species
99Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
53 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
16 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Aldabra (Hemsley 1919)
more species list checklist Seychelles SEY 300 +82239913
822All Species
399Indigenous Species
399Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
86 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
122 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
164 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
423 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia) CGS 30 ++179771
179All Species
77Indigenous Species
77Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated check list of the flora of Diego Garcia (Topp 1988)
TEMPERATE ASIA (3)
SIBERIA (30)
more species list checklist Siberia (incl. Altay, Sayan, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk, Buryatia, Chita, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Irkutsk, NE-Siberia) SIB 10.600.000 +4510432750
4510All Species
4327Indigenous Species
4109Indigenous Species except Microspecies
50Endemic Species
47Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
880 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
45 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3289 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic)
218 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
183 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
RUSSIAN FAR EAST (31)
more species list checklist Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Okhotsk, Kuril Isl., Kamchatka, Commander Isl., Primorye, Khabarovsk, Magadan) RFE 2.500.000 +4099353639
4099All Species
3536Indigenous Species
3445Indigenous Species except Microspecies
39Endemic Species
37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
24 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
877 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2405 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic)
91 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
563 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora murmanskoj oblasti (Kirova, 5 vols., 1953-1966); Flora i paleogeografija Komandoskikh ostrovov (Vasil'ev 1957); Plants of the Kuril Islands (Takahashi 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
MIDDLE ASIA (32)
more species list checklist Kazakhstan KAZ 2.717.300 +5315512049
5315All Species
5120Indigenous Species
4995Indigenous Species except Microspecies
49Endemic Species
47Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
850 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
23 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4162 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 40 endemic)
125 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
195 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kazakhstan (Abdulina 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kazakhstana (Pavlov, etc., 1956-1966, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kazakhstan SSR (Kuznetzov & Pavlov 1958); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Turkmenistan TKM 488.100 +294127507
2941All Species
2750Indigenous Species
2727Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
502 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2203 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
23 Microspecies (of them endemic)
191 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora Turkmenii (Fedtschenko et al., eds., 7 vols., 1932-60); Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Opredelitelja Rastenii Turkmenistana (Key to the Plants of Turkmenistan) (Nikitin & Geldichanov 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) (Kopet Dagh only)
more species list checklist Uzbekistan UZB 447.700 o4369394824
4369All Species
3948Indigenous Species
3906Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
715 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3188 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
42 Microspecies (of them endemic)
421 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sennikov et al. (Checklist, in prep.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Uzbekistan (Sennikov, ed., 3 vols. published, 2017-2019), Flora Uzbekistana (Schreder et al., eds., 1953-62, 6 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Uzbekistana, Vol. 1 (Schreder et al. 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Kyrgyzstan (Kirgisia) KGZ 198.500 +3963383122
3963All Species
3831Indigenous Species
3739Indigenous Species except Microspecies
22Endemic Species
22Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
659 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3114 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
92 Microspecies (of them endemic)
132 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov & Sultanova 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (11 vols., 1950-1965, complete), Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (new version, Vykhotsev, ed., 1967-70, incomplete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kirgistan III (Shishkin & Vvedensky 1951); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Tajikistan TZK 143.100 o4795448335
4795All Species
4483Indigenous Species
4403Indigenous Species except Microspecies
35Endemic Species
35Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
741 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3687 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
80 Microspecies (of them endemic)
312 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas (Nowak & Nobis 2020, only about 30% of species covered); Flora Tadzikskoj SSR (Ovchinnikov et al., ed., 1957 - 1991, complete, 10 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Tadjikskoj SSSR, Vol. 1 (Ovchinnikov 1957)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
CAUCASUS (33)
more species list checklist Northern Caucasus (incl. Chechnya, Daghestan, etc.) NCS 200.000 +4133389217
4133All Species
3892Indigenous Species
3776Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
71 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
744 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
43 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3016 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
116 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
241 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Gruziya [Georgia - Caucasus] (incl. Abkhazia, Adzharia) GEO 69.700 +397237025
3972All Species
3702Indigenous Species
3572Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
75 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
678 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2886 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
130 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
270 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005); Conspectus Flora Kavkaza (Takhtajan 2003-2012, 4 of 5 vols. published)

Most recent flora

Flora Gruzii (in Georgian) (1971-2007, 15 vols., complete); Flora Abhazii (Kolakovskij, 1980-1986, 4 vols.), Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flora of Georgia (South Caucasus) (Fischer et al. 2018); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005)
more species list checklist Armenia ARM 29.800 +349834156
3498All Species
3415Indigenous Species
3342Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
45 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
641 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2678 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
73 Microspecies (of them endemic)
83 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Armenia (Saghatelyan, unpubl.); Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Armenii (ed. A. L. Tahtadzjiana) (11 vols., 1954-2011); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [S-Aserbaidshan, Talysh-Region]
more species list checklist Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, incl. Nakhichevan) AZE 81.100 +3725355911
3725All Species
3559Indigenous Species
3501Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
721 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2732 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
58 Microspecies (of them endemic)
166 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Azerbaidzana (2 vols. published, 1953-1957); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [Talysh region only]; Orchidaceae (Karjagin). - In: Flora of Aserbaidshan II (1952)
WESTERN ASIA (34)
more species list checklist Eastern Aegaean Islands (Karpathos, Kasos, Rhodos, Kos, Symi, Samos, Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Limnos etc.) EAI 7.000 ++243122714
2431All Species
2271Indigenous Species
2254Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
471 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
65 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1682 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them endemic)
160 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Dimopoulos et al. (2013, 2016); Checklist updating and analysis of the flora of Symi island and of the nearby island of Seskli (Cattaneo & Grano 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan, eds., 1997 ff.); Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000); Flora von Rhodos and Chalki (Kleinsteuber et al., vol. 1, 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997); Orchideen auf Rhodos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001)
more species list checklist Turkey (excl. European Turkey) TUR 756.816 ++99129746639
9912All Species
9746Indigenous Species
9573Indigenous Species except Microspecies
639Endemic Species
638Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
98 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
1611 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 195 endemic)
89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
7897 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 419 endemic)
173 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
166 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey, Vol. 11 (Supplement (Kreutz 2000); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Iraq IRQ 438.317 +300129525
3001All Species
2952Indigenous Species
2934Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2347 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them endemic)
49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Iraq (1966-2019, almost complete); Flora of Lowland Iraq (Rechinger, ed., 1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Iraq, Vol. 8 (Wood 1985)
more species list checklist Iran IRN 1.648.000 ++79537879413
7953All Species
7879Indigenous Species
7800Indigenous Species except Microspecies
413Endemic Species
411Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1037 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
41 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6719 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 387 endemic)
79 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
74 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Afghanistan AFG 652.225 ++4374426447
4374All Species
4264Indigenous Species
4221Indigenous Species except Microspecies
47Endemic Species
47Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
707 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3472 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 44 endemic)
43 Microspecies (of them endemic)
110 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Afghanistan: an augmented checklist (Breckle et al. 2013); Checklist of the Flowering plants of Afghanistan (Podlech 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Cyprus CYP 9.251 ++170816185
1708All Species
1618Indigenous Species
1609Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
24 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
321 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1220 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
9 Microspecies (of them endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 1/2 (Meikle 1977, 1985); An Illustrated Flora of North Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Viney 1996); Illustrated Flora of Cyprus (Christofides 2017, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae (J. J. Wood). - In: Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Meikle 1985); Orchids of Cyprus (Morschek & Morschek 1996)
more species list checklist Lebanon LEB 10.230 +270426363
2704All Species
2636Indigenous Species
2623Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
471 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
34 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2077 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
13 Microspecies (of them endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Lebanon (G. & H. Tolme, 2007-2014, 2 vols.); Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970, 2 vols. text + 2 vols. atlas)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I (Mouterde 1966); Die Orchideen der Levante (Fragman & Kretzschmar, in prep.)
more species list checklist Syria SYR 185.180 +288228388
2882All Species
2838Indigenous Species
2828Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
480 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2284 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, Vol. I (Mouterde 1966); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Israel + Palestine ISR 21.946 +245423415
2454All Species
2341Indigenous Species
2337Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
479 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1797 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist and ecological data-base of the Flora of Israel (Fragman et al. 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Palaestina (4 + 4 vols., 1966-1987, complete), Analytical Flora of Eretz-Israel (Feinbrun-Dothan & Danin 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Annotated List of the Orchids of Israel (Dafni et al. 1986); Orchids of Israel (Dafni 1981); Flora Palestina, pt. IV (Feinbrun-Dothan 1986)
more species list checklist Sinai peninsula SIN 61.000 +133212930
1332All Species
1293Indigenous Species
1293Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
265 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1012 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
39 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
more species list checklist Jordania JOR 89.556 +162715971
1627All Species
1597Indigenous Species
1592Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
279 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1290 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
30 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Plants of Jordan. An annotated Checklist (Taifour & El-Oqlah 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Jordan (Al-Eisawi 1986)
ARABIAN PENINSULA (35)
more species list checklist Saudi Arabia SAU 2.240.000 +211820280
2118All Species
2028Indigenous Species
2028Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
407 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1575 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Saudi-Arabia (3 vols., 3rd ed., Migahid 1988-1989); Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (3 vols. in 5 parts, Chaudhary, ed., 2001-2007); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986); Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.), Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (MANDAVILLE 1990); Orchidaceae, in: Flora of Saudi-Arabia, 3. Aufl. (MIGAHID 1989)
more species list checklist Kuwait KUW 17.820 ++3983890
398All Species
389Indigenous Species
389Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
89 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
297 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
9 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Kuwait (Boulos & Al-Dosari 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of Kuwait (2 vols., 1985-1987, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)
more species list checklist Bahrain BAR 707 +2772650
277All Species
265Indigenous Species
265Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
205 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of vascular plants of Bahrain (El-Oqlah & Abbas 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Qatar QAT 11.427 ++3923100
392All Species
310Indigenous Species
310Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
74 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
234 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar (Norton et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Qatar (2 vols., Abd el Bary & Ekhlas 2012); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist United Arab Emirates (incl. Dubai, Abu Dhabi) UAE 83.600 +3813610
381All Species
361Indigenous Species
361Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
105 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
251 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Check-list for Plants in the U.A.E. (Jongbloed 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora of the United Arab Emirates (Karim & Fawzi 2007, 2 vols., complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published); The Comprehensive Guide to the Wildflowers of the United Arab Emirates (Jongbloed 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Oman OMA 309.500 ++109610511
1096All Species
1051Indigenous Species
1051Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
222 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
796 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman (Ghazanfar 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Sultanate of Oman (Ghazanfar et al., 4 vols. 2003-2018, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Yemen (excl. Soqotra) YEM 527.970 +205619505
2056All Species
1950Indigenous Species
1950Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
428 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
18 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1447 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

A handbook of the Yemen Flora (Wood & Haig-Thomas 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
CHINA (36)
more species list checklist China (incl. Hongkong, Macao and Hainan; excl. Tibet, Taiwan and South China Sea Isl.) CHI 8.351.300 ++30973299054011
30973All Species
29905Indigenous Species
29741Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4011Endemic Species
3991Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
12.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1971 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 643 endemic)
175 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 77 endemic)
936 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 542 endemic)
4341 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 558 endemic)
1369 Indigenous Orchids (of them 138 endemic)
21113 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2053 endemic)
164 Microspecies (of them 20 endemic)
1068 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes); Higher Plants of China in Colour (2016, 8 vols.). Many regional floras in Chinese

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Tibet [Xizang] TIB 1.220.000 ++68596802103
6859All Species
6802Indigenous Species
6768Indigenous Species except Microspecies
103Endemic Species
102Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
521 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
50 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
93 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
834 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
298 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
5006 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 58 endemic)
34 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
57 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
MONGOLIA (37)
more species list checklist Mongolia MON 1.566.500 ++285128078
2851All Species
2807Indigenous Species
2742Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
524 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2188 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
65 Microspecies (of them endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia (Urgamal et al. 2014); Flora of Mongolia: annotated checklist of native vascular plants (Baasanmunkh et al. 2022)

Most recent flora

Flora of Mongolia (2009 ff., only 3 vols. published, very incomplete); Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 1982); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999]); Flowers of Mongolia (Hauck & Solongo 2010)
EASTERN ASIA (38)
more species list checklist North Korea NKO 120.500 ++193619194
1936All Species
1919Indigenous Species
1917Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
104 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
509 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1230 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
17 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 8 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist South Korea (incl. Cheju Do Isl.) KOR 99.300 ++2998237119
2998All Species
2371Indigenous Species
2367Indigenous Species except Microspecies
19Endemic Species
19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
243 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1423 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
627 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 8 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist Japan (incl. Izu Isl., Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu Isl. and Bonin Isl.) JAP 372.769 ++52474806234
5247All Species
4806Indigenous Species
4788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
234Endemic Species
233Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
642 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 82 endemic)
41 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 17 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 50 endemic)
1086 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 42 endemic)
208 Indigenous Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
2732 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 38 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
441 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Enumeration of the Vascular Plants of Japan (Yonekura 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Japan (revised edition, Iwatsuki et al., eds., 4 vols. in 8 parts, 1995-2020, complete)
more species list checklist Ryukyu Isl. (Nansei Shoto) (incl. Osumi Isl., Tokara Isl., Amami Isl., Okinawa Isl., Daito Isl., Sakishima Isl.) NNS 4.700 ++2096184236
2096All Species
1842Indigenous Species
1841Indigenous Species except Microspecies
36Endemic Species
36Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
313 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 10 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
54 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 20 endemic)
413 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
134 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
916 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands (Garay & Sweet 1974) [incl. checklist of northern Ryukyu Isl.]
more species list checklist Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Isl.) OGA 73 ++48834812
488All Species
348Indigenous Species
348Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
78 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
173 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
140 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Kazan-Retto (Volcano Isl., Iwo-jima) KZN 30 ++2531882
253All Species
188Indigenous Species
188Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Taiwan (incl. Lan Yu Isl.) TAI 36.000 ++55414491187
5541All Species
4491Indigenous Species
4482Indigenous Species except Microspecies
187Endemic Species
187Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
768 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 91 endemic)
27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 13 endemic)
119 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 47 endemic)
709 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
434 Indigenous Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
2434 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
9 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1050 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., eds., 6 vols., 1975-2003); Illustrated Flora of Taiwan (Zhong, 8 vols. in 9 parts, until 2019, complete); Grass Flora of Taiwan (C.-H. Chen et al., 2011-2018, 3 vols.); Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Updating Taiwanese pteridophyte checklist (Taiwan Pteridophyte Group 2019); Index to Ferns and Fern Allies of Taiwan (Knapp 2014); Ferns of Taiwan (Ralf Knapp 2010, with supplement 2013); Flora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 1-6, 1990 ff.); Flora of Taiwan, Vol. 1 (2nd. ed., 1994); Ferns of Taiwan (Chengmeng 2020, 2 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79); Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.)
TROPICAL ASIA (4)
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (40)
more species list checklist Pakistan PAK 796.095 +529046987
5290All Species
4698Indigenous Species
4637Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
873 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3604 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
61 Microspecies (of them endemic)
592 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir (Stewart 1972)

Most recent flora

Flora of [West] Pakistan (Nasir, ed., 1970-2012, 219 vols., mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part]; Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984)
more species list checklist Nepal NEP 147.181 +6233585015
6233All Species
5850Indigenous Species
5825Indigenous Species except Microspecies
15Endemic Species
15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
564 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
911 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
387 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3870 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
25 Microspecies (of them endemic)
383 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Nepalese Flowering Plants (3 vols., Rajbhandari et al. 2012, plus supplement 2015); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Nepal, Web edition (publication ongoing, Watson et al., ed., 2011); Flora of Nepal (Bista, ed., 1997 ff., few parts published); Handbook of Flowering Plants of Nepal (Vol. 1 of 2, Shrestha et al. 2018); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 of 50 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015-2020): Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal, Volume 1-3 (complete); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001); The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984); Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978)
more species list checklist Bhutan BHU 47.000 ++4979469016
4979All Species
4690Indigenous Species
4679Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
539 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
105 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
676 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
382 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2966 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them endemic)
289 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Bhutan (Grierson & Long, eds., 1983-2002, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Bhutan (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2009); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001)
more species list checklist India (incl. Assam, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Chumbi, Jammu & Kashmir, excl. Andaman and Nicobar Isl., excl. Lakshadweep Isl.) IND 3.279.173 +1870116917731
18701All Species
16917Indigenous Species
16743Indigenous Species except Microspecies
731Endemic Species
729Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1053 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 67 endemic)
62 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 20 endemic)
478 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 202 endemic)
3059 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 171 endemic)
1180 Indigenous Orchids (of them 42 endemic)
11085 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 229 endemic)
174 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
1784 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Flora of India (Sharma et al., eds., 1993 ff., 8 of 23 vols. published); Fascicles of Flora of India (1978 ff., 30 vols. published); almost 100 regional floras in India (Botanical Survey of India and others); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published); Flora of Eastern Ghats (Pullaiah et al., 2002 ff., 7 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018), Part III (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2020); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); Illustrated Manual of Ferns of Assam (Borthakur et al. 2000); The Ferns of India: Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution (Chandra 2000); Fern flora of South India (Nampy & Madhusoodanan 1998); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994); Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998); Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999); Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991); Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986); Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981); Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995); Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000); Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987); Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995); Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976); The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966); The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986); Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999)
more species list checklist Lakshadweep Isl. (Laccadives) LDV 32 +3932240
393All Species
224Indigenous Species
224Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
62 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
154 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands (C. S. Reddy & P. S. Roy 2012)
more species list checklist Maldives MDV 298 o3741890
374All Species
189Indigenous Species
189Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
129 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
185 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

List of Addu vascular plants (Fosberg et al. 1966)

Most recent flora

The botany of the Maldive Islands (Willis & Gardiner 1901); Common Plants of Maldives (Sujanapal & Sankaran 2016); Trees and shrubs of the Maldives (Selvam 2007)
more species list checklist Sri Lanka SRL 65.610 ++43083617112
4308All Species
3617Indigenous Species
3615Indigenous Species except Microspecies
112Endemic Species
112Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
340 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 43 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
112 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 37 endemic)
731 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
193 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2239 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
691 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon (Dassayanake, ed., 1980-2006, 15 vols. in 16 parts plus Index, complete); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka (Vlas & Vlas-deJong, 2008-2019, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, vol. 15/1-2 (Shaffer-Fehre, ed., 2006); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); An annotated check-list of the Pteridophytes of Ceylon (Sledge 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981)
more species list checklist Bangladesh BAN 147.570 o482540707
4825All Species
4070Indigenous Species
4070Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
218 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
809 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
284 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2579 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
755 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bangladesh (Khan, ed., 1975 ff., 63 vols. published); Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vols. 5-12 (Ahmed, ed., 2007-2009, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vol. 5 (2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bangladesh, vol. ##
INDOCHINA (41)
more species list checklist Andaman Isl. AND 6.496 +2034168014
2034All Species
1680Indigenous Species
1680Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
81 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
93 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
285 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
125 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1087 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
354 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999 ff., 1 vol. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001)
more species list checklist Nicobar Isl. NCB 1.800 +147112069
1471All Species
1206Indigenous Species
1206Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
97 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
65 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
224 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
753 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
265 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999); Flora of Campbell Bay National Park (Jayanthi 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999)
more species list checklist Myanmar MYA 676.552 +107169858111
10716All Species
9858Indigenous Species
9853Indigenous Species except Microspecies
111Endemic Species
111Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
749 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic)
40 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
372 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 46 endemic)
1454 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
1029 Indigenous Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
6214 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
858 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar (Kress et al. 2003); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A Contribution Toward the Knowledge of Ferns and Lycophytes from Northern and Northwestern Myanmar (Khine et al. 2017); The ferns of Burma (Dickason 1946)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora (Aung et al. 2020)
more species list checklist Thailand THA 513.115 +1105710592334
11057All Species
10592Indigenous Species
10592Indigenous Species except Microspecies
334Endemic Species
334Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
762 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 32 endemic)
33 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
469 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 94 endemic)
1978 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 121 endemic)
1216 Indigenous Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
6134 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 60 endemic)
465 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Thailand (Smitinand et al., eds., 1981-2021, so far 15 vols. in 45 parts, ca. 70% complete, to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Flora of Thailand, Vol. 3/1-4 (Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1979-1989); Pteridophytes in Thailand (Boonkeerd & Pollawatn 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998); A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/1 (Orchidaceae 1) (Pedersen et al. 2011); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/2 (Orchidaceae 2) (Pedersen et al. 2014)
more species list checklist Laos LAO 236.800 +5747541431
5747All Species
5414Indigenous Species
5414Indigenous Species except Microspecies
31Endemic Species
31Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
307 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
223 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
883 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
533 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
3432 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
333 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR (Jin et al. 2016 [data quality not very good]); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Cambodia CBD 181.035 +4371403311
4371All Species
4033Indigenous Species
4033Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
170 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
682 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
297 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2661 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
338 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia (Cho et al. 2016); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Vietnam VIE 331.690 +1191011169465
11910All Species
11169Indigenous Species
11165Indigenous Species except Microspecies
465Endemic Species
465Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
902 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 72 endemic)
68 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
619 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 145 endemic)
1598 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 99 endemic)
1100 Indigenous Orchids (of them 34 endemic)
6882 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 96 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
741 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Câyco Viêtnam (Pham Hoàng Hô, 1991-1993, 3 vols. in 6 parts, complete); Flora of Vietnam (2000 ff., so far 10 families published), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951); Cay Co Vietnam (An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam), vol. 1 (Pham-Hoang Ho (1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992); Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994); Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988); Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004)
MALESIA (42)
more species list checklist peninsular Malaysia (incl. Langkawi Isl.) MLY 132.246 +92258907359
9225All Species
8907Indigenous Species
8907Indigenous Species except Microspecies
359Endemic Species
359Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
702 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 49 endemic)
31 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
640 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 154 endemic)
1331 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 53 endemic)
928 Indigenous Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
5275 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 77 endemic)
318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of the vascular plants of Malaya (Turner 1995 publ. 1997); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of peninsular Malaysia (Parris, Kiew, eds., 2010-2021, 11 vols. published, to be continued); Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992)
more species list checklist Singapore SNG 710 ++263521804
2635All Species
2180Indigenous Species
2180Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
172 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
180 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
314 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
224 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1282 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
455 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore (Chong et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The concise flora of Singapore (Keng, 2 vols., 1990, 1998); Flora of Singapore (Middleton et al., eds., 2019 ff., 3 vols. published), Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); A Guide to the Ferns of Singapore (Wee 1987)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992); A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995)
more species list checklist Sumatera (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simeulue, Lingga Arch., Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, Batu) SUM 425.150 o74737335372
7473All Species
7335Indigenous Species
7334Indigenous Species except Microspecies
372Endemic Species
372Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
750 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 139 endemic)
35 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
442 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 104 endemic)
889 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 29 endemic)
1155 Indigenous Orchids (of them 73 endemic)
4064 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001)
more species list checklist South China Sea Isl. SCS 2 o2841970
284All Species
197Indigenous Species
197Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
67 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
120 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
87 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei) BOR 743.384 o12461122571334
12461All Species
12257Indigenous Species
12256Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1334Endemic Species
1334Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1097 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 277 endemic)
56 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 18 endemic)
772 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 235 endemic)
1656 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 353 endemic)
1679 Indigenous Orchids (of them 182 endemic)
6997 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 269 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeratio Phanerogamarum Bornearum (Masamune 1942, 1945); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); The plants of Mount Kinabalu (1992-2004, 5 vols. published); Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak (Soepadmo & Wong, eds., 1995-2007, 6 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003); Bulbophyllum of Borneo (Vermeulen, O'Byrne & Lamb 2015)
more species list checklist Brunei BRN 5.765 +2522248410
2522All Species
2484Indigenous Species
2484Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
34 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
286 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
166 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
221 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1768 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
38 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)
more species list checklist Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe, Kabaena) SUL 189.070 o51274890206
5127All Species
4890Indigenous Species
4889Indigenous Species except Microspecies
206Endemic Species
206Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
783 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 90 endemic)
30 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
215 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 52 endemic)
634 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
663 Indigenous Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
2565 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
237 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia (Keßler et al. 2002); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Hovenkamp, P. (2013 onwards): Ferns of Sulawesi - Checklist. sulawesiferns.myspecies.info

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Palawan (incl. Busuanga, Culion) PLW 14.649 o1524151016
1524All Species
1510Indigenous Species
1510Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
233 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
80 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
215 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
947 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Checklist by J. F. Barcelona (pers. comm.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Philippines (excl. Palawan, Sulu Arch.) PHI 325.000 +95248809738
9524All Species
8809Indigenous Species
8809Indigenous Species except Microspecies
738Endemic Species
738Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1043 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 252 endemic)
37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 10 endemic)
398 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 179 endemic)
1032 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 32 endemic)
1178 Indigenous Orchids (of them 113 endemic)
5121 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 152 endemic)
715 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org); Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna, Vol. 2 (Zamora & Co 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Jawa (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch., Bawean) JAW 130.520 o68475506140
6847All Species
5506Indigenous Species
5504Indigenous Species except Microspecies
140Endemic Species
140Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
551 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 50 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
263 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 60 endemic)
798 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
782 Indigenous Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
3099 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1341 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Java (Backer & van den Brink, 1963-1968, outdated); Mountain Flora of Java (van Steenis 1972); Flora Malesiana (about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Java (Comber 1991)
more species list checklist Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Alor, Wetar) [incl. East Timor] LSI 80.000 o3708329437
3708All Species
3294Indigenous Species
3294Indigenous Species except Microspecies
37Endemic Species
37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
374 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
117 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 16 endemic)
551 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
306 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1929 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
414 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014) [not seen nor included]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Ferns of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Posthumus 1944); On the Ferns of Sumba (Posthumus 1930); A preliminary Study on Pteridophytes of Lombok: List of the Species (Wardani & Jaenudin 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Timor: checklist (Silveira et al. 2008); Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014 [not seen nor included]); Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Moluccas [Maluku] (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, Sulu Arch.) MOL 74.500 o39663782150
3966All Species
3782Indigenous Species
3782Indigenous Species except Microspecies
150Endemic Species
150Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
692 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 94 endemic)
29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
205 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 45 endemic)
491 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
448 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1917 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Taxonomic Studies of Pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) (in 12 parts) (Kato 1988-2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Cocos (Keeling) Islands CKI 14 ++134720
134All Species
72Indigenous Species
72Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Christmas Isl. (Austr.) XMS 135 ++3802082
380All Species
208Indigenous Species
208Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
28 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
131 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
172 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
PAPUASIA (43)
more species list checklist New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Goodenough Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell, Yapen [Japen], Biak, Waigeo etc.) NWG 800.000 +13847134472621
13847All Species
13447Indigenous Species
13446Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2621Endemic Species
2621Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
18.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1351 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 577 endemic)
54 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
724 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 528 endemic)
1626 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 223 endemic)
2830 Indigenous Orchids (of them 954 endemic)
6862 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 320 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
400 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Guinea has the world's richest island flora (Cámara-Leret et al. 2020) [detailed checklist]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far), Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea (3 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The ferns and fern-allies of Papua New Guinea (Johns & Bellamy, 1979 ff., in 12 parts); A Checklist of the Fern Allies, Ferns and Gymnosperms of the N. E. Kepala Burung (Vogelkop), Irian Jaya, Indonesia (Edwards, Johns & Kowalska 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admiralty Isl., Manus Isl., Umboi Isl.) BIS 48.500 -1909182131
1909All Species
1821Indigenous Species
1821Indigenous Species except Microspecies
31Endemic Species
31Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
361 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
69 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
207 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
281 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
886 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
88 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for naturalists (Peekel 1947, reprint 1985, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville, excl. Santa Cruz Isl.) SOL 35.926 o2455227295
2455All Species
2272Indigenous Species
2272Indigenous Species except Microspecies
95Endemic Species
95Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
457 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 51 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
104 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 33 endemic)
254 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
343 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1098 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
183 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991)
AUSTRALASIA (5)
AUSTRALIA (50)
more species list checklist Australia (incl. Tasmania, excl. other islands) AUS 7.690.849 +(+)23642214397997
23642All Species
21439Indigenous Species
21416Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7997Endemic Species
7997Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
33.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
459 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 169 endemic)
114 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 111 endemic)
299 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 213 endemic)
2923 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 653 endemic)
1483 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1076 endemic)
16161 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5775 endemic)
23 Microspecies (of them endemic)
2203 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia (1982 ff., 29 vols. published, about 60% complete, the rest will be published online as e-flora); Flora of Victoria (1993-1999, 4 vols., complete); Flora of New South Wales (2000-2002, 2 vols. published); Flora of the Darwin region (Dunlop et al., 1995, 59 families published); Floodplain Flora (Cowie et al., eds., about 30 families published); Flora of South Eastern Queensland (1983-1989, 3 vols.); Flora of South Australia (5th ed., 2011 ff., published in familiy accounts online); The Student's Flora of Tasmania (2nd ed., 1993-1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Australia, Volume 48 (1998); Flora of South Australia (Jessop & Toelken 1986); The Ferns of Tasmania (Garrett 1997); Ferns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia (Duncan & Isaac 1994); Flora of Victoria, Vol. 2 (Walsh & Entwistle, ed., 1994)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989); Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987); A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960); Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990); Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998); The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995); Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989); Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001)
more species list checklist Ashmore Reef & Cartier Isl. ASH 1 ++17160
17All Species
16Indigenous Species
16Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 49 (Oceanic Islands 1) (1994)
more species list checklist Lord Howe Isl. LHI 154 ++50028024
500All Species
280Indigenous Species
280Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
54 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
147 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Norfolk Isl. (incl. Philip Isl.) NFK 39 ++4531949
453All Species
194Indigenous Species
194Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
94 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
259 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
NEW ZEALAND (51)
more species list checklist New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl., Snares Isl., excl. remote islands) NZL 270.000 ++40062260136
4006All Species
2260Indigenous Species
2240Indigenous Species except Microspecies
136Endemic Species
136Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
193 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 33 endemic)
19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
469 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
121 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1438 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 43 endemic)
20 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1746 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete); The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand (Fineran 1969); Flora of New Zealand [eFloraNZ] (2014 ff., 7 + 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand - Lycophytes [eFloraNZ] (2014-2021, 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Kermadec Isl. KER 36 ++1491083
149All Species
108Indigenous Species
108Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
41 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Kermadec Islands Flora: An annotated checklist (Sykes 1977); New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Chatham Isl. CTM 963 ++8114231
811All Species
423Indigenous Species
421Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
189 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
388 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants recorded from Chatham Islands (De Lange et al. 2011); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey et al. 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Antipodes Isl. ATP 60 ++65650
65All Species
65Indigenous Species
65Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Auckland Isl. AUC 551 ++2491761
249All Species
176Indigenous Species
176Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
49 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
73 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
PACIFIC (6)
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC (60)
more species list checklist Santa Cruz Isl. (Vanikoro, etc.) SCZ 815 -3393087
339All Species
308Indigenous Species
308Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
95 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
140 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)
more species list checklist New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Loyalty Isl., Ile Art) NWC 19.058 o39143373323
3914All Species
3373Indigenous Species
3373Indigenous Species except Microspecies
323Endemic Species
323Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
295 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 109 endemic)
48 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 47 endemic)
111 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 97 endemic)
315 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 25 endemic)
220 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
2384 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic)
541 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

www.endemia.nc

Most recent flora

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (1967-2021, 27 vols. published [approx. 45%], to be continued); Flore Ornementale de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Gatéble & Neaoutyine 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 3 (Brownlie 1969)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977); Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995); Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13)
more species list checklist Vanuatu VAN 12.190 o1691132429
1691All Species
1324Indigenous Species
1324Indigenous Species except Microspecies
29Endemic Species
29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
333 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
145 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
206 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
594 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
367 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vanuatu National Herbarium (PVNH) (Chanel et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Remarkable Plants of Vanuatu (Ramon et al. 2015, field guide); A Guide to the Common Trees of Vanuatu (Wheatley 1992); Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Critt 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)
more species list checklist Rotuma Isl. ROT 43 +4902211
490All Species
221Indigenous Species
221Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
39 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
135 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
269 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names (McClatchley et al. 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Rotuma Island, a Descriptive Manual (St. John 1954)
more species list checklist Tonga TON 750 o8025374
802All Species
537Indigenous Species
537Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
94 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
302 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
265 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959); The vegetation of Late, Tonga (Sykes 1981); Rain forest vegetation of 'Eua Island (Drake et al. 1996); The rare plants of Tonga (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of 'Eua, Southern Tonga (Sykes 1978); New or noteworthy ferns from the Tongan Islands (Iwatsuki 1963)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Niue Isl. NUE 264 o5642151
564All Species
215Indigenous Species
215Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
29 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
349 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943, outdated); Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Fiji FIJ 18.376 ++25171691133
2517All Species
1691Indigenous Species
1691Indigenous Species except Microspecies
133Endemic Species
133Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 47 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
100 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 69 endemic)
143 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
176 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
951 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
826 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Vitiensis nova (A.C. Smith, 1971-1996, 5 vols. + Index, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Fiji (Brownlie 1977); A revised Checklist of Fijian ferns and lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991)
more species list checklist Wallis & Futuna WAL 177 +1651591
165All Species
159Indigenous Species
159Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
82 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971)

Most recent flora

Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985); Guide des Plants de Wallis et Futuna (Meyer 2018)
more species list checklist American Samoa ASA 197 o6795490
679All Species
549Indigenous Species
549Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
152 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
69 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
250 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
130 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); A study of the rare plants of American Samoa (Whistler 1998); Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist [Western] Samoa SAM 2.831 o102987835
1029All Species
878Indigenous Species
878Indigenous Species except Microspecies
35Endemic Species
35Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
233 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 20 endemic)
40 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
86 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
113 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
406 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
151 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa (Whistler 1983); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.) TUV 26 +163570
163All Species
57Indigenous Species
57Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Tuvalu (Thaman 2016); Vegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985)
more species list checklist Tokelau Isl. (incl. Swains Isl.) TOK 14 +106530
106All Species
53Indigenous Species
53Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971); The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983)
more species list checklist Phoenix Islands (Kiribati p. p.) PHX 42 +83390
83All Species
39Indigenous Species
39Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994)
more species list checklist Gilbert Islands (Kiribati p. p.) GIL 311 +214920
214All Species
92Indigenous Species
92Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
122 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, checklist (Fosberg & Sachet 1987); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992)
more species list checklist Banaba (Ocean Isl., Kiribati p. p.) OCE 6 +71290
71All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants, Vegetation and Ethnobotany of Banaba (Ocean Islands) (Thaman & Samuelu 2016)
more species list checklist Nauru NRU 21 ++129490
129All Species
49Indigenous Species
49Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992); The Flora of Nauru (Thaman et al. 1994)
more species list checklist Pacific Equatorial Sporades (incl. Howland Isl., Baker Isl.) HBI 5 o110
1All Species
1Indigenous Species
1Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
SOUTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (61)
more species list checklist Line Isl. (Kiribati p. p., incl. Christmas Isl. = Kiritimati) LIN 757 +182570
182All Species
57Indigenous Species
57Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
125 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985)

Most recent flora

Notes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971); Vegetation History of Washington Island (Teraina), Northern Line Islands (Wester et al. 1992); Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 1962); Flora of Kiritimati (Christmas) Atoll, Northern Line Islands (Thaman & Tye 2015)
more species list checklist Cook Isl. (incl. Rarotonga) COO 230 ++8603317
860All Species
331Indigenous Species
331Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
105 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
48 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
153 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
529 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cook Islands (Sykes 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Marquesas Isl. MRQ 1.020 ++56634138
566All Species
341Indigenous Species
341Indigenous Species except Microspecies
38Endemic Species
38Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 29 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
42 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
181 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/

Most recent flora

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019/2020, complete in 2 vols.); Guide floristique - Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou (Butaud 2014); Guide floristique - Niva Oa, Tahuata, Fatuiva (Butaud 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1
more species list checklist Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Makatea, etc.) SCI 1.628 ++124865062
1248All Species
650Indigenous Species
649Indigenous Species except Microspecies
62Endemic Species
62Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 52 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
63 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
328 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
598 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998); Botanique de l'ile de Tupai (Sachet 1983); Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae (Grant & Fosberg 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Society Islands (Copeland 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998)
more species list checklist Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.) GBI 450 +93520
93All Species
52Indigenous Species
52Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988)

Most recent flora

La vegetation des iles Gambier (Huguenin 1974); Chock & Hamilton (1962); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Gambier - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Tuamotu Arch. (excl. Gambier Isl.) TUA 450 +3101320
310All Species
132Indigenous Species
132Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
91 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
178 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flora of Maupiti (Fosberg & Sachet 19??); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Atolls soulevés des Tuamotu (Polynésie francaise) Butaud & Jacq 2009); Tuamotu de l'ouest - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013); Tuamotu du centre - Guide floristique (Butaud 2010); Tuamotu de l'est - Guide Floristique (Butaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae, Rapa Iti) AUI 148 +60535824
605All Species
358Indigenous Species
358Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
99 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 24 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
188 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
247 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Les Orchidees du Tubuai, suives d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des Iles Australes (Hallé 1980)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae (Australes) (Butaud 2014); Rapa, iles australis - Guide floristique (Meyer 2011); Terrestrial biodiversity of the Austral Islands (Meyer & Claridge 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980); Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Pitcairn Isl. (incl. Oeno Atoll) PIT 6 +165873
165All Species
87Indigenous Species
87Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987); List of the flora of Oeno Atoll (St. John & Philipson 1960)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Pitcairn Island (Brownlie 1961); Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll) HEN 37 ++67641
67All Species
64Indigenous Species
64Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987)

Most recent flora

Henderson Island (Southeast Polynesia): Summary of current knowledge (Fosberg et al. 1983); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Ducie Atoll (Rehder & Rantall 1975)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Easter Island (Rapa Nui) EAS 180 +169434
169All Species
43Indigenous Species
43Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
126 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991); Plantas de Rapa Nui. Guia Ilustrada (Dubois 2013)
NORTH WEST PACIFIC (62)
more species list checklist Minami-Torishima (Marcus Isl.) MCU 2 -22100
22All Species
10Indigenous Species
10Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

An Ecological Perspective of Marcus Island (Sakagami 1961)
more species list checklist Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, Western Carolines) PLU 516 o109770416
1097All Species
704Indigenous Species
704Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
122 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
165 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
336 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
393 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993)
more species list checklist Northern Marianas MRN 464 +6803503
680All Species
350Indigenous Species
350Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
75 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
184 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
330 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular flora of the northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al. 1975-1980)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Guam GUM 540 o10354010
1035All Species
401Indigenous Species
401Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
107 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
197 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
634 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guam (Stone 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Federal States of Micronesia (Central and Eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae) MIC 702 +120067417
1200All Species
674Indigenous Species
674Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
142 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
134 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
317 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
526 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Pohnpei (Herrera et al. 2010); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg); The Endemic Plants of Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Commentary (Costion & Laurence 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993); Flora of Ponape (Glassmann 1952); Trees of Yap. A Field Guide (Cushing Falanruw 2016)
more species list checklist Marshall Isl. MRS 174 o4551090
455All Species
109Indigenous Species
109Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
75 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
346 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants recorded from Jaluit Atoll (Fosberg & Sachet 1962); A review of the natural history of the Marshall Islands (Fosberg 1990); Vegetation of Bikini Atoll (Fosberg 1988); The Vascular Plants of Majuro Atoll (van der Velde 2003); Flora of Rongelap and Ailinginae Atolls (Releford 2009)
more species list checklist Wake Isl. WAK 8 o111340
111All Species
34Indigenous Species
34Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
77 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation and flora of Wake Island (Fosberg 1959); Wake Island vegetation and flora, 1961-1963 (Fosberg & Sachet 1969)
NORTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (63)
more species list checklist Hawaii (incl. Johnston Atoll, Midway Isl.) HAW 16.729 ++24051237184
2405All Species
1237Indigenous Species
1236Indigenous Species except Microspecies
184Endemic Species
184Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
172 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 130 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 24 endemic)
146 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
889 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1168 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Hawaiian Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada, ed., 2012); Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada et al., 2019)

Most recent flora

Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2., rev. ed., 2 vols., Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000); Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates (Wagner et al. 2012); Common Plants of Midway Atoll (Holthuijzen 2017); Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll (Starr & Starr 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Hawai’i (Valier 1995)
NORTH AMERICA (7)
ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA (70)
more species list checklist Alaska (incl. Aleutes) ASK 1.530.000 ++156513625
1565All Species
1362Indigenous Species
1359Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
83 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
367 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
865 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
203 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories (Hulten 1968); Flora of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1960); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Greenland GNL 2.175.600 ++5374390
537All Species
439Indigenous Species
432Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
152 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
242 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Greenland (2nd ed., Holmen 1968); A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Greenland (2nd ed., Böcher et al. 1968); The flowering plants of Greenland (Jorgensen et al. 1958) [see also Flora of North America]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
CANADA (70-72)
more species list checklist Canada CDN 9.970.610 ++5070396112
5070All Species
3961Indigenous Species
3944Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
997 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2660 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1109 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

The flora of Canada (Scoggan 1978, 1979, 4 vols.); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 20 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les fougeres et les plantes alliees du Canada (Cody & Britton 1989); Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist St. Pierre & Miquelon SPM 242 ++5214100
521All Species
410Indigenous Species
407Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
154 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
199 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
111 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the vascular plants of the island of Newfoundland and of the island of St. Pierre et Miquelon (Rouleau & Lamoureux 1992)

Most recent flora

Les plantes vasculaires des iles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (LeGallo 1954) [see also Flora of North America and some Canadian regional floras]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
USA (73-78)
more species list checklist USA (Lower 48 States) USA 8.262.426 ++1911515800965
19115All Species
15800Indigenous Species
15643Indigenous Species except Microspecies
965Endemic Species
956Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
446 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 39 endemic)
111 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 28 endemic)
97 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 35 endemic)
2793 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 175 endemic)
198 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
12155 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 680 endemic)
157 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic)
3315 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of North America (1993 ff., 20 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras).

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Bermuda BER 53 +2151387
215All Species
138Indigenous Species
138Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
78 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
77 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bermuda (Britton 1918, very outdated)
MEXICO (79)
more species list checklist Mexico MEX 1.964.382 +25194241302744
25194All Species
24130Indigenous Species
24120Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2744Endemic Species
2744Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1051 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 206 endemic)
170 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 111 endemic)
654 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 328 endemic)
3445 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 561 endemic)
1314 Indigenous Orchids (of them 153 endemic)
17496 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1385 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1064 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico (Villasenor 2016); numerous state checklists

Most recent flora

Numerous regional floras, especially: Flora de Aguascalientes (1982 ff., few volumes published), Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Flora of Chiapas (1981 ff., 6 vols. published); Flora of Bajío y de regiones adyacentes (Rzedowski et al., 1991 ff., 229 vols. published); Flora de Guerrero (1989 ff., 93 vols. published); Flora de Jalisco y areas colindantes (27 vols. published), Flora Novo-Galiciana (McVaugh et al., 1974 ff., 9 vols. published); Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (1993 ff., 141 vols. published); Flora de Veracruz (1978 ff., 190 vols. published); numerous state checklists (Listados Floristicos de Mexico); Flora Mesoamericana (southern Mexico only, 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004); Flora Novo-Galiciana, Volume 17 (McVaugh 1992); Pteridophytes. Flora of Chiapas, part 2 (Smith 1981); Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico (Mickel & Beitel 1988); Ferns and fern allies of Chihuahua, Mexico (Knobloch & Correll 1962); Listados floristicos de Mexico. IX. Flora de Durango (Elizondo et al. 1991); Flora de Mexico, Volume 6, parts 1-3: Pteridophyta (1993-1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988); Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003)
more species list checklist Isla Guadalupe GLP 244 ++2011521
201All Species
152Indigenous Species
152Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
125 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico (Moran 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988)
more species list checklist Revillagigedo Isl. (incl. Socorro Isl.) RGI 157 +1871534
187All Species
153Indigenous Species
153Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
104 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)
TROPICAL AMERICA (8)
CENTRAL AMERICA (80)
more species list checklist Guatemala GUA 108.889 o81877883129
8187All Species
7883Indigenous Species
7879Indigenous Species except Microspecies
129Endemic Species
129Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
728 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
327 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 80 endemic)
1196 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
940 Indigenous Orchids (of them 30 endemic)
4664 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
304 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora of Guatemala (Standley, ed., 1958-1977, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala, pt. 1-3 (Stolze 1976-83)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998)
more species list checklist Belize BLZ 22.965 +3658340718
3658All Species
3407Indigenous Species
3406Indigenous Species except Microspecies
18Endemic Species
18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
273 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
145 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
624 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
289 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2067 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
251 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick et al. 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000); Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988)
more species list checklist El Salvador ELS 21.041 o312328797
3123All Species
2879Indigenous Species
2879Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
379 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
92 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
534 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
399 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1463 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
244 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); An Annotated Checklist of the Monilophytes (Ferns) and Lycophytes of El Salvador (Monterrosa & Monro 2008); Una guia taxonomica para helechos de El Salvador (Seiler 1980); Listado de la flora Salvadorensis / Pteridophyta (Pfeiffer-Berendsohn 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981)
more species list checklist Honduras HON 112.492 +7584664075
7584All Species
6640Indigenous Species
6640Indigenous Species except Microspecies
75Endemic Species
75Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
658 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
293 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 55 endemic)
1118 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
609 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3937 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
944 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, espermatofitas (Nelson Sutherland et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Lycophytes of Honduras: A new annotated checklist (J. D. Reyes et al. 2021); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus. Pteridophyta (Sutherland et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft)
more species list checklist Nicaragua NIC 129.494 ++632858819
6328All Species
5881Indigenous Species
5880Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
613 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
219 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
1017 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
622 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3399 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
447 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Nicaragua (Stevens et al., eds.) (2001-2009, 4 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 4 (Helechos) (Gomez & Arbelaez 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985); Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001)
more species list checklist Costa Rica (except Isla del Coco) COS 51.060 ++1108610453583
11086All Species
10453Indigenous Species
10450Indigenous Species except Microspecies
583Endemic Species
583Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1164 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 114 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
793 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 328 endemic)
1586 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 34 endemic)
1565 Indigenous Orchids (of them 74 endemic)
5335 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
633 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora Costaricensis (Burger, ed., 1971, 10 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999); Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992); Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002); Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Hammel et al., ed., 2003)
more species list checklist Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.) COC 40 ++17315921
173All Species
159Indigenous Species
159Indigenous Species except Microspecies
21Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
12.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
65 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966)

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of ca. 10 volumes published, plus numerous drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The ferns and fern-allies of Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Gomez 1975) [= Contribuciones a la pteridologia costarricense. VII. Pteridofita de la Isla de Cocos]
more species list checklist Panama PAN 75.517 +102149792374
10214All Species
9792Indigenous Species
9791Indigenous Species except Microspecies
374Endemic Species
374Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
960 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 43 endemic)
21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 11 endemic)
649 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 152 endemic)
1708 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 83 endemic)
1371 Indigenous Orchids (of them 46 endemic)
5083 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
422 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Panama, vol. 1: The introduction and checklist (d'Arcy 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of Panama (d'Arcy 1943-1980, 9 parts in 21 vols. published), Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama (Bogarin et al. 2014); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980)
more species list checklist Clipperton Isl. CLI 30 +32130
32All Species
13Indigenous Species
13Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora and vegetation of Clipperton Island (Sachet 1962); Flora and Vegetation of Clipperton (La Passion) Atoll (Jost et al. 2019)
more species list checklist Isla Malpelo MAL 1 ++0
All Species
0Indigenous Species
0Indigenous Species except Microspecies
Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)

Most recent flora

Flora terreste de la isla Malpelo (Colombia) (Gonzalez-Roman et al. 2014); The biological investigation of Malpelo Island (Graham 1975)
CARIBBEAN (81)
more species list checklist Bahamas BAH 13.939 ++133910691
1339All Species
1069Indigenous Species
1068Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
220 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
735 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
270 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982); Endemic Seed Plants in the Bahamian Archipelago (Freid et al. 2014); Vascular flora of Andros Island, Bahamas (Nickrent et al. 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Sauleda & Adams). - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)
more species list checklist Turks & Caicos Isl. TCI 430 ++4163630
416All Species
363Indigenous Species
363Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
80 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
268 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Sauleda & Adams 197
more species list checklist Cuba CUB 114.525 +(+)69036031328
6903All Species
6031Indigenous Species
6031Indigenous Species except Microspecies
328Endemic Species
328Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
555 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 89 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 8 endemic)
162 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 75 endemic)
927 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 53 endemic)
318 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
4057 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 87 endemic)
872 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Base de datos de especímenes de la flora de Cuba : con mapas de distribución, Versión 4.0 - 2008

Most recent flora

Flora de la Republica de Cuba (1998 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora de Cuba (Leon & Alain 1946-1962, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lista de los helechos y licofitos de Cuba (Sanchez 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988); Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Cayman Isl. CAY 262 ++7075450
707All Species
545Indigenous Species
545Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
384 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
162 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984); Orquideas de las Islas Cayman (Adams 1971)
more species list checklist Jamaica JAM 10.991 ++37303019112
3730All Species
3019Indigenous Species
3019Indigenous Species except Microspecies
112Endemic Species
112Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
560 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 66 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
94 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 31 endemic)
455 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
206 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1700 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
711 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flowering plants of Jamaica (Adams 1972); Flora of Jamaica (Warner 2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Jamaica (Proctor 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995); A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966); Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti) HIS 76.200 +(+)59474983236
5947All Species
4983Indigenous Species
4983Indigenous Species except Microspecies
236Endemic Species
236Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
636 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 72 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
175 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 82 endemic)
616 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
356 Indigenous Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
3194 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic)
964 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Hispaniola (Liogier, ed.) (1981 ff., 9 vols. published, mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Navassa Isl. NAV 5 +1391060
139All Species
106Indigenous Species
106Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
81 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
33 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Navassa Island and its flora. 2. Checklist of the vascular plants (Zanoni & Buck 1999)
more species list checklist Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Desecheo Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.) PUE 8.959 +(+)3301235235
3301All Species
2352Indigenous Species
2351Indigenous Species except Microspecies
35Endemic Species
35Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
368 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 22 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
86 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
414 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
138 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1342 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
949 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Liogier (1982)

Most recent flora

Flora of Puerto Rico (Liogier, ed., 1985-1997, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995); An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John), British Virgin Islands (Anegada, Virgin Gorda, Tortola, Jost Van Dyke Isl., Peter Isl., Salt Isl.) VIR 495 +158210740
1582All Species
1074Indigenous Species
1073Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
193 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
749 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
508 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Annotated checklist of the dicotyledons of Tortola (d'Arcy 1967)); An Environmental Profile of the Island of Tortola, Addendum I, Preliminary List of Species (Lindsay 2015); Monocotyledons ang Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora of Virgin Gorda (Little et al. 1971); The flora of the American Virgin Islands (Britton 1918); Flora of St. John (Proctor in Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. 1996); The island of Anegada and its flora (D'Arcy 1971)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995)
more species list checklist Anguilla AGU 70 ++3382590
338All Species
259Indigenous Species
259Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
211 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla (Walker 2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Maarten (St. Martin) STM 86 ++4703680
470All Species
368Indigenous Species
368Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
275 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Barthelemy (St. Barts) SBA 21 ++4443500
444All Species
350Indigenous Species
350Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
309 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
94 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

The flora of the island of St. Bartholomew and its origin (Questel 1941); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Saba SAB 13 ++5564281
556All Species
428Indigenous Species
428Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
283 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
128 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Eustatius STE 21 ++4533550
453All Species
355Indigenous Species
355Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
258 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Kitts & Nevis STK 269 ++8196703
819All Species
670Indigenous Species
670Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
134 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
382 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
149 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977); A revised list of pteridophytes from St. Kitts (Proctor 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Antigua and Barbuda (incl. Redonda Isl.) ABA 441 ++9767660
976All Species
766Indigenous Species
766Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
131 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
552 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
210 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Montserrat MTS 102 ++9077111
907All Species
711Indigenous Species
711Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
118 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
459 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade, Les Saintes) GDL 1.600 ++205616398
2056All Species
1639Indigenous Species
1639Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
290 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
265 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
107 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
912 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
417 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978); Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001)
more species list checklist Dominica DOM 750 ++145112001
1451All Species
1200Indigenous Species
1199Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
195 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
45 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
176 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
88 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
695 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
251 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Dominica (Hodge 1954, Nicolson 1991); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954)
more species list checklist Martinique MAR 1.102 ++189014702
1890All Species
1470Indigenous Species
1470Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
224 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
239 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
84 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
865 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
420 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Lucia STL 616 ++144711331
1447All Species
1133Indigenous Species
1133Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
120 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
186 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
722 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
314 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Vincent and the Grenadines STV 389 ++135811100
1358All Species
1110Indigenous Species
1110Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
48 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
128 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
710 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
248 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Grenada GRE 344 ++11039281
1103All Species
928Indigenous Species
928Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
154 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
132 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
68 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
547 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
175 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25)
more species list checklist Barbados BBD 430 ++8575841
857All Species
584Indigenous Species
584Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
424 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
273 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Barbados (Gooding et al., 1965); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965)
more species list checklist Trinidad & Tobago TRT 5.048 +3479235016
3479All Species
2350Indigenous Species
2349Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
294 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
78 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
464 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
182 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1330 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1129 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago (Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016)

Most recent flora

Flora of Trinidad & Tobago - Williams, R. O. et al. (1928-1979, mostly complete, plus additional volumes until 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Checklist of the pteridophytes of Trinidad & Tobago (Baksh-Comeau 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960)
more species list checklist Aruba ARU 179 +3332710
333All Species
271Indigenous Species
271Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
210 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Bonaire BON 288 +3693010
369All Species
301Indigenous Species
301Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
227 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Curacao CUR 444 +5174320
517All Species
432Indigenous Species
432Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
97 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
318 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
85 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist San Andres y Providencia SWC 43 o3022970
302All Species
297Indigenous Species
297Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
223 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA (82)
more species list checklist Colombia CLM 1.141.748 +25789247152164
25789All Species
24715Indigenous Species
24713Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2164Endemic Species
2164Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1733 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 194 endemic)
37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 16 endemic)
1451 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 424 endemic)
3652 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 332 endemic)
4352 Indigenous Orchids (of them 768 endemic)
13490 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 430 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1074 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (Bernal, Gradstein & Celis, eds., 2015)

Most recent flora

Flora de Colombia (1983 ff., 32 vols. published, very incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989); Helechos y plantas afines de Colombia (Murillo-Pulido 1990); Flora de Colombia, Vol. 9: Pteridophyta 1 (Murillo-Pulido 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Native Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98); Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist]; Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21)
more species list checklist Venezuela (incl. Isla Margarita) VEN 912.050 +1654715925625
16547All Species
15925Indigenous Species
15924Indigenous Species except Microspecies
625Endemic Species
625Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1264 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 144 endemic)
28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
741 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 197 endemic)
2634 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 78 endemic)
1504 Indigenous Orchids (of them 38 endemic)
9754 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 166 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
622 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nuevo Catalogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela (Hokche, Berry & Huber, eds., 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of Venezuela (Lasser et al., eds., 1968-1989, 24 parts published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora de Venezuela, Vol. 1 + 2 (Helechos) (Vareschi 1968-69); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 2 (1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Venezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.); Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003)
more species list checklist Guyana (British Guyana) GUY 214.969 +6433618568
6433All Species
6185Indigenous Species
6185Indigenous Species except Microspecies
68Endemic Species
68Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
536 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
294 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 22 endemic)
1037 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
562 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3751 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
248 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Surinam SUR 163.265 +4651442713
4651All Species
4427Indigenous Species
4427Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
326 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
819 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
388 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2654 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
224 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of Suriname (Kramer 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986)
more species list checklist French Guiana FRG 83.534 +5095489558
5095All Species
4895Indigenous Species
4895Indigenous Species except Microspecies
58Endemic Species
58Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
338 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
286 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 27 endemic)
799 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
437 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
3032 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
200 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori 1997, 2 vols.); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Ecuador ECU 272.045 +(+)19090184161694
19090All Species
18416Indigenous Species
18413Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1694Endemic Species
1694Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1525 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 195 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
992 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 246 endemic)
2608 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 195 endemic)
4262 Indigenous Orchids (of them 880 endemic)
9014 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 177 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
674 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999); Supplements by Ulloa Ulloa & Neill (2005); Neill & Ulloa Ulloa (2011)

Most recent flora

Flora of Ecuador (1973 ff., 97 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 9 (Garay 1979); Native Ecuadorian orchids (Dodson & Escobar 1994, Dodson 2001); Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 76: Orchidaceae. Genera Aa - Cyrtidiorchis.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 84: Orchidaceae. Masdevallia and Affiliates.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2010): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 87: Orchidaceae. Genera Cyrtochiloides - Epibator.
more species list checklist Galapagos Isl. GAL 7.844 +(+)78765514
787All Species
655Indigenous Species
655Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
117 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
100 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
415 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
132 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971); Flowering Plants of the Galapagos (McMullen 1999, Field Guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of the Galapagos Islands (Luer 1972)
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA (83)
more species list checklist Peru PER 1.280.000 +20817202391770
20817All Species
20239Indigenous Species
20237Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1770Endemic Species
1770Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1288 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 142 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1456 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 747 endemic)
2652 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 180 endemic)
2458 Indigenous Orchids (of them 280 endemic)
12368 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 419 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
578 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Peru (1936 - 1995, 27 vols. published, mostly outdated); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta of Peru, pt. 1-6 (Tryon & Stolze 1989-94)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Icones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series); Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.)
more species list checklist Bolivia BOL 1.098.581 +1544214573508
15442All Species
14573Indigenous Species
14573Indigenous Species except Microspecies
508Endemic Species
508Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1194 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 142 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
566 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 127 endemic)
2233 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 43 endemic)
1381 Indigenous Orchids (of them 70 endemic)
9183 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 124 endemic)
869 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia (Jorgensen et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Prodromus of a Fern Flora of Bolivia (Smith & Kessler 2016 ff., over 30 parts, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000); Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003); Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993)
BRAZIL (84)
more species list checklist Brazil BRA 8.547.404 +36910363117602
36910All Species
36311Indigenous Species
36310Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7602Endemic Species
7602Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
20.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1420 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 517 endemic)
25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
1627 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 862 endemic)
6582 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2079 endemic)
2745 Indigenous Orchids (of them 868 endemic)
23912 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3271 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
599 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br)

Most recent flora

Many regional floras (all incomplete), especially: Flora d Bahia (ca. 80 families published); Flora do Ceara (2013 ff., ca. 20 families published); Flora do Sergipe (2 vols., 2013, 2015), Flora dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins (1981 ff., 51 families published); Flora do Distrito Federal (2001 ff., 11 families published); Flora Ecologia de Restingas do Sudeste do Brazil (1965-1978, 22 families published); Flora do Rio de Janeiro (2017 ff., 24 families published); Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais (134 families published); Flora Fanerogamica da Ilha do Cardoso (1991 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora ilustrata do Rio Grande do Sul (1955-1992, 22 vols. published); Flora ilustrada Catarinense (Reitz, ed., 1967 ff., 184 parts published); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing); Especies Arboreas Brasileiras (Carvalho 2003-2014, 5 vols. published); Arvores Brasileiras (Lorenzi 2009, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Brasileira: Orquideas 1 (A-L), 2 (M-Z) (CD-ROM, Campacci 2000); Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br); Orchidaceae Brasilienses (Pabst & Dungs 1975-77); Icones Orchidacearum Brasilienses (Castro & Campacci, Vol. 1, 2001)
more species list checklist Fernando Noronha Isl. FNI 26 -29280
29All Species
28Indigenous Species
28Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Terrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included]
more species list checklist Ilha da Trindade ITR 11 o161610
16All Species
16Indigenous Species
16Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
62.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
10 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent flora

Ilha da Trindade & Arquipelago Martin Vaz (Alves 1998)
TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA (85)
more species list checklist Paraguay PAR 406.752 +5193503138
5193All Species
5031Indigenous Species
5031Indigenous Species except Microspecies
38Endemic Species
38Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
256 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
108 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
905 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
172 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
3589 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
162 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay (Pena Chocarro & de Egea 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora de Paraguay (1983 ff., 52 vols. plus Key published, still incomplete)
more species list checklist Uruguay URU 176.215 +2832250413
2832All Species
2504Indigenous Species
2504Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
111 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
686 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1630 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
328 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora Montevidensis (Lombardo 1982-1984, 3 vols.); Flora del Uruguay (1958-1972, only 4 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora de Uruguay, Vol. 1 Pteridophyta (Legrand & Lombardo 1958)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora del Uruguay (Herter 1949)
more species list checklist Argentina ARG 2.780.400 +101049238230
10104All Species
9238Indigenous Species
9234Indigenous Species except Microspecies
230Endemic Species
230Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
387 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 26 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
107 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
1969 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 75 endemic)
277 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
6480 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 111 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
866 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de la Republica Argentina (2 vols., Zuloaga et al. 1996)

Most recent flora

Flora de Argentina (Anton & Zuloaga, dir., 2012 ff., 14 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Fanerogamica Argentina (online, 87 parts published). Various regional floras, most important: Flora Patagonica (1971-1998, 7 parts in 8 vols.); Flora de Mendoza (2009 ff., 10 families published); Flora de San Juan (2003 ff., 4 vols. published); Flora Rioplatense (7 parts published); Flora del Valle de Lerma (176 families published); Biota Rioplatense (1997-2005, 11 parts published)
more species list checklist Chile (excl. Juan Fdz. Isl.) CLE 756.626 +49244256226
4924All Species
4256Indigenous Species
4248Indigenous Species except Microspecies
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