Species Count in
WorldPlants (might be incomplete)
Country or RegionCodeSurface Area (km²)Status ChecklistAll Species Indigenous Species Endemics
EUROPE (1)
NORTHERN EUROPE (10)
more species list checklist Iceland ICE 103.000 ++80273913
802All Species
739Indigenous Species
436Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
98 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
603 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
303 Microspecies (of them 13 endemic)
63 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Wasowicz, P. (2020): Annotated Checklist of Vascular Plants of Iceland

Most recent flora

A guide to the flowering plants and ferns of Iceland (Kristinsson 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Jan Mayen Isl. JMY 380 ++59580
59All Species
58Indigenous Species
53Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964)
more species list checklist Svalbard (incl. Bjornoya) SVA 62.160 ++2061970
206All Species
197Indigenous Species
192Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
164 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
9 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Svalbard (Roenning 1964); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)
more species list checklist Faeroe Isl. FOR 1.399 ++3883680
388All Species
368Indigenous Species
336Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
69 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
277 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Jóhanson, J. (2010): Føroysk flora
more species list checklist Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., but excl. Channel Isl. and Northern Ireland) GRB 244.110 ++3383252950
3383All Species
2529Indigenous Species
1449Indigenous Species except Microspecies
50Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
79 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2162 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 49 endemic)
1080 Microspecies (of them 41 endemic)
854 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002); List of Vascular Plants of the British Isles (Kent 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022, 5th ed.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Wild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993); Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland) IRE 70.000 ++153212313
1532All Species
1231Indigenous Species
966Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
180 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
986 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
265 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
301 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Webb's An Irish Flora, 8th ed. (Parnell & Curtis, ed., 2012); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976); A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Denmark DEN 43.094 +194716562
1947All Species
1656Indigenous Species
1185Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
230 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1373 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
471 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas Flora Danica (3 vols., Hartvig et al., ed., 2015)

Most recent flora

Dansk Flora (2nd udgave, Frederiksen et al. 2012); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Dansk feltflora (Hansen 1981); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Norway NOR 385.639 ++41573825781
4157All Species
3825Indigenous Species
1322Indigenous Species except Microspecies
781Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
76 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
266 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3474 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 781 endemic)
2503 Microspecies (of them 774 endemic)
332 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Den Nya Nordiska Floran (Mossberg & Stenberg 2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, Vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Nordisk fjaellflora (Nilsson 1991); Flora över Dal (Andersson 1981); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sweden SWE 449.964 ++38663507255
3866All Species
3507Indigenous Species
1495Indigenous Species except Microspecies
255Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
64 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
298 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3136 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 255 endemic)
2012 Microspecies (of them 246 endemic)
359 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Mossberg & Stenberg (2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Finland FIN 338.144 ++26362370101
2636All Species
2370Indigenous Species
1106Indigenous Species except Microspecies
101Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
240 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2062 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 101 endemic)
1264 Microspecies (of them 98 endemic)
266 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland (Kurtto et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finnland) (Hämet-Ahti et al. 1998), Flora Fennica, vol. 1-3 (Lönnrotin 2002); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed., Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kaemmekaet - Suomen orkideat (Korhonen & Vuokko 1987); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
MIDDLE EUROPE (11)
more species list checklist Netherlands NET 33.920 ++201416671
2014All Species
1667Indigenous Species
1261Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
235 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1379 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
406 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
347 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Neerlandica (Koniklijke Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging, 14 vols. published, incomplete); Heukels Flora van Nederland (23. Aufl., Mejden et al. 2005); De Nederlandse Oecologische Flora (5 vols., Weeda 2003); Nova Flora Neerlandica (Haveman et al., eds., 2022-, 1 vol. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora van Nederland (21. ed.) (Heuckels & van der Meijden 1990); De orchideen van Nederland - ecologie - verspreiding - bedreiging - beheer (Kreutz & Dekker 2000); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belgium BGM 30.688 ++210917080
2109All Species
1708Indigenous Species
1389Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
239 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1404 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
319 Microspecies (of them endemic)
401 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Flore de Belgique (Verloove et al. 2023); Flore generale de Belgique (Lawalrée et al., 1952-1993); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Orchidaceae Belgicae (Klopfenstein & Toussaint 1983-87); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Luxembourg LUX 2.586 +134012030
1340All Species
1203Indigenous Species
1093Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
172 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
976 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
110 Microspecies (of them endemic)
137 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed., Lambinon & Verloove 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Online Atlas of the Pteridophytes of Luxembourg (www.pteridophytes.lu)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Luxemburgs (Mangen et al. 1993); Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Germany GER 356.970 ++6721373687
6721All Species
3736Indigenous Species
2462Indigenous Species except Microspecies
87Endemic Species
27Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
87 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
392 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3241 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 87 endemic)
1274 Microspecies (of them 60 endemic)
2985 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 12 (Hand et al. 2022, www.kp-buttler.de)

Most recent flora

Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd ed., incomplete); Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen) (92. Auflage 2003, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora, ed. 8 (Oberdorfer, Begr., 2001); Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Rothmaler, Begr., 22. Aufl. 2021, ed. Jäger); Flora Germanica (Hassler & Muer, 2022, 2 vols.); Die Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas (Aichele & Schwegler 1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen), (89. Auflage 1993, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Switzerland SWI 41.285 ++3414301712
3414All Species
3017Indigenous Species
2490Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
356 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2552 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
527 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic)
397 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora Helvetica Checklist 2017 (Juillerat et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Flora Helvetica (5. Aufl., Lauber et al. 2012); Flora der Schweiz (3 vols., Hess et al. 1976-1980); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., multiple volumes, 3rd ed. incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Liechtenstein LIE 161 ++140612910
1406All Species
1291Indigenous Species
1260Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
45 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
182 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1053 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
31 Microspecies (of them endemic)
115 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora von Liechtenstein (Waldburger et al. 2003); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Austria AUT 83.858 ++360332069
3603All Species
3206Indigenous Species
2734Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
80 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
393 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2714 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
472 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
397 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd 3d. incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Exkursionsflora von Österreich (Fischer, ed., 1994); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Wildwachsende Orchideen in Österreich (Redl 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Poland POL 312.684 ++295826522
2958All Species
2652Indigenous Species
2049Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
317 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2249 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
603 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
306 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist (Mirez et al. 2002)

Most recent flora

Flora polska (Szafera, ed., 1919 - 1980, 14 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Poland (Szlachetko & Skakuj 1996); Storczyki Zachodniej Czesci Polskich Beskidow (Bernacki 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Atlas Flory Polskiej i Ziem Osciennych, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Madalski 1971); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Czech Republic CZE 78.866 ++268524027
2685All Species
2402Indigenous Species
1958Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
72 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
313 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2002 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
444 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic)
283 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Danihelka et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Klič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2011, 8 vols., vol. 9 planned))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Slovakia SLO 49.034 ++3261274210
3261All Species
2742Indigenous Species
2420Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
327 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2328 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
322 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic)
519 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://ibot.sav.sk/checklist/index.php (Marhold & Hindak)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Hungary HUN 93.030 ++2824232915
2824All Species
2329Indigenous Species
2153Indigenous Species except Microspecies
15Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
321 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1938 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
176 Microspecies (of them 12 endemic)
495 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants of Hungary (Bartha et al. 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Vadon elo orchideak (Molnar, Sulyok & Videki 1995); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH WESTERN EUROPE (12)
more species list checklist Portugal (excl. Azores, Madeira) POR 89.357 ++2989255012
2989All Species
2550Indigenous Species
2493Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
322 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2153 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
57 Microspecies (of them endemic)
439 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Spain (mainland, excl. Baleares, Canary Isl. and African exclaves) SPA 501.453 ++65195883263
6519All Species
5883Indigenous Species
5192Indigenous Species except Microspecies
263Endemic Species
226Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
107 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
572 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5167 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 232 endemic)
691 Microspecies (of them 37 endemic)
636 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete); Flora ornamental Espanola (Vol. 1-6, incomplete); Flora Valentina (G. M. Sanz et al., 2011-, 4 vols. published); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Occidental (Valdes et al., 3 vols., 1987); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Oriental (2nd ed., Blanca et al. 2011); Flora dels Paisons Catalans (Bolòs & Vigo, 1988-2001, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Andorra ADO 468 +144913840
1449All Species
1384Indigenous Species
1313Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
41 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1192 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
71 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d'Andorra (Carrillo et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flowers of Andorra (Crozier & Matschke 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Gibraltar GIB 7 ++6615620
661All Species
562Indigenous Species
561Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
10 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
55 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
492 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flowers of Gibraltar (Leslie et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Baleares BAL 4.992 ++163814586
1638All Species
1458Indigenous Species
1396Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
168 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1246 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
62 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
180 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora de Mallorca (Vols. 1-4, Bonafe 1977-1980); Illustrated Flora of Mallorca (Beckett 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978); Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist France (mainland, excl. Corsica) FRA 535.285 ++807272711258
8072All Species
7271Indigenous Species
4395Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1258Endemic Species
46Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
121 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
550 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6563 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1249 endemic)
2876 Microspecies (of them 1212 endemic)
801 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index synonymique de la flore de France (Kerguélen 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault 2014); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Monaco MCO 2 -2411630
241All Species
163Indigenous Species
162Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
142 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist British Channel Isl. CIS 198 +14959050
1495All Species
905Indigenous Species
804Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
122 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
752 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
101 Microspecies (of them endemic)
590 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vice-County Census Catalogue (Botanicalkeys.co.uk)

Most recent flora

Wildflowers of Alderney (Bonnard 2008); A flora of the Island of Jersey (Lester-Garland 1903); The Wild Flowers of Jersey (Shirreffs 2015)
more species list checklist Corsica COR 8.680 ++224420812
2244All Species
2081Indigenous Species
2020Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
68 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
278 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1714 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
61 Microspecies (of them endemic)
163 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Corsica, 2ème ed. (Jeanmonod & Gamisans 2013); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sardinia SAR 23.318 ++213419926
2134All Species
1992Indigenous Species
1938Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
252 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1669 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
54 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
142 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora dell' Isola di Sardegna, Vol. 1-6 (Arrigoni 2006-2015); Flora Sarda / Piante Endemiche (Marras 2000); Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Giotta & Picitto 1990); Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Scrugli 1991); Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee. Specie spontanee (Liverani 1991); Orchidacee d’Italia (Grünanger 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (13)
more species list checklist Italy (mainland) (incl. Elba Isl., Capri Isl.) ITA 203.856 ++6099549776
6099All Species
5497Indigenous Species
4985Indigenous Species except Microspecies
76Endemic Species
56Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
122 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
639 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4698 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 51 endemic)
512 Microspecies (of them 20 endemic)
602 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora Analitica della Toscana (Arrigoni, 2016-2021, 8 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Le Pteridofite d'Italia (Marchetti 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Sicily SIC 25.426 ++260023727
2600All Species
2372Indigenous Species
2310Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
309 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1989 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
62 Microspecies (of them endemic)
228 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010)

Most recent flora

Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (GIARDINA et al. 2007); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa, Linosa, Lampione) PEL 25 +5154950
515All Species
495Indigenous Species
492Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
446 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora e vegetazione dell'Isola di Lampedusa (Bartolo et al. 1988)
more species list checklist Pantelleria Isl. PTL 83 +4904700
490All Species
470Indigenous Species
467Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
414 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010)

Most recent flora

Flora dell' Isola Pantelleria (Sommier 1922)
more species list checklist Malta MLT 316 ++8787880
878All Species
788Indigenous Species
785Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
91 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
663 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977); Flora of the Maltese Islands (Casha 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Le Orchidaceae dell'archipelago maltese (Bartolo et al. 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist San Marino SMA 61 +10058170
1005All Species
817Indigenous Species
814Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
90 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
708 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
188 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora vascolare della Repubblica di San Marino (Alessandrini et al. 2022); Flora della repubblica di San Marino (Pampanini 1930) [outdated]
more species list checklist Slovenia SLV 20.273 +296027043
2960All Species
2704Indigenous Species
2601Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
69 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
362 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2253 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
103 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
256 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Register flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vres 1995)

Most recent flora

Flora of Slovenia (iFlora - Plant Guide Book 22) (Tackenberg); Mala flora Slovenije, kljuc za dolocanje praprotnic in semenk (Martinic et al. 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Croatia CRO 56.594 ++428637846
4286All Species
3784Indigenous Species
3662Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
82 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
474 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3195 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
122 Microspecies (of them endemic)
502 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nikolić T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd)

Most recent flora

Nikolić, T. (2019-2020): Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske. 4 vols. (complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bosnia & Hercegovina BIH 51.209 -279526193
2795All Species
2619Indigenous Species
2550Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
349 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2192 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
69 Microspecies (of them endemic)
176 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Bosne i Hercegovine (Beck 1903-1921, 1927, Beck & Maly 1950, Bjelčić 1967-1983, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Bosnia & Hercegovina (Sabanovic et al. 2021)
more species list checklist Montenegro MNT 13.812 o256024821
2560All Species
2482Indigenous Species
2422Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
64 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
300 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2093 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
60 Microspecies (of them endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Katalog Vaskularne Flora Crne Gore, Tom. 1 (Stesevic & Cakovic 2013) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Conspectus Florae Montenegrinae (Rohlena 1942)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideenflora Montenegros (Parolly 1991, in Mitt. Bl. AHO Bad.-Württ., Vol. 24); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Serbia SRB 77.474 o308730771
3087All Species
3077Indigenous Species
3025Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
364 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2587 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
52 Microspecies (of them endemic)
10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora of Serbia, Vol. 1 (Niketic & Tomovic 2018) [incomplete]

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Kosovo KOS 10.877 -309329610
3093All Species
2961Indigenous Species
2908Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
368 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2509 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Microspecies (of them endemic)
132 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist North Macedonia (Macedonia) NMA 25.713 o299628983
2996All Species
2898Indigenous Species
2823Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
284 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2529 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
75 Microspecies (of them endemic)
98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora na Republika Makedonija (Micevski et al. 1983-2006, Matevski 2010; 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Albania ALB 28.748 +335632153
3356All Species
3215Indigenous Species
3156Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
372 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2755 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
59 Microspecies (of them endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Albania (Barina et al. 2017), Checklist of vascular plants of Albania (Barina et al. 2018); Atlas Florae Albanicae (Vangjeli 2017, 1 vol. published)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Excursion Flora of Albania (Vangjeli 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Die Orchideenflora Albaniens (Gölz & Reinhard 1984); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Romania ROM 237.500 ++343031578
3430All Species
3157Indigenous Species
2996Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
67 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
400 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2669 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
161 Microspecies (of them endemic)
273 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Republicii Socialiste România (1952-1976, 13 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Romaniei, Vol. II (Beldie 1979); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Bulgaria BUL 110.994 ++3820362314
3820All Species
3623Indigenous Species
3456Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
392 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3138 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
167 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic)
197 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora (Assyov et al., 4th ed. 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae (Jordanov et al., 1963-2012, 11 vols.); Flora bulgarica (CD-ROM, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora von Bulgarien (Stojanow & Stafanov 1948); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Turkey TUE 23.764 ++203819680
2038All Species
1968Indigenous Species
1953Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
248 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1676 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
70 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Greece (incl. Kikladhes, Sporades, Ionian Isl., Korfu, Kithira, Andikithira, Samothraki and Limnos, excl. Crete and East Aegaean Isl. [see there]) GRC 123.600 ++5187488276
5187All Species
4882Indigenous Species
4669Indigenous Species except Microspecies
76Endemic Species
74Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
571 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4185 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 57 endemic)
213 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
305 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan (eds., 1997-2005, 3 vols. published, incomplete); Mountain Flora of Greece (Vol. 1/2, Strid, ed., 1989/1991, incomplete); Flowers of Greece (Lafranchis & Sfikas 2009, 2 vols., field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Synopsis Flora Graecae: Orchidaceae (Diapulis 1995); The Orchids of Greece - Inventory and Review (Kalopissis 1988); Orchids of Greece (Lepper 1981); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crete KRI 8.336 ++2000184412
2000All Species
1844Indigenous Species
1823Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
234 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1557 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
21 Microspecies (of them endemic)
156 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024)

Most recent flora

Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) (engl. ed. 1998); Orchidaceae (Scheurer & Jahn). In: Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
EASTERN EUROPE (14)
more species list checklist Estonia EST 45.339 ++193714200
1937All Species
1420Indigenous Species
1130Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
216 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1147 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
290 Microspecies (of them endemic)
517 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Estonian Flora 2020 (Kukk et al., 2021); Eesti Taimestik (Checklist of vascular plants) (Kukk 1999)

Most recent flora

Eesti NSV Floora (Flora of Estonian SSR, Vol. 1-11, 1953-1984); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Native orchids in Estonia (Kuusk 1996); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Latvia LAT 64.589 ++163413170
1634All Species
1317Indigenous Species
1131Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
215 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1049 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
186 Microspecies (of them endemic)
317 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Latvijas vaskularo augu flora. Taksonu Saraksts (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Latvias PSR Flora (Galenieka, P., ed., 1953-1959, in 4 vols., complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora of Latvian vascular taxa (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Lithuania LIT 65.300 ++152712400
1527All Species
1240Indigenous Species
1147Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
215 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
978 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
93 Microspecies (of them endemic)
287 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lietuvos Induociai augalai (Gudzinskas 1999, checklist)

Most recent flora

Lietuvos PSR Flora (Vols. 1-6, 1959-1980, complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Belarus BLR 207.595 +184914990
1849All Species
1499Indigenous Species
1413Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
219 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1225 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
86 Microspecies (of them endemic)
350 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Belarusi (Vol. 1-3, 2009-2017, incomplete, in total 6 vols. planned); Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist European Russia (excl. Caucasus, incl. Kaliningrad region, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya) RUS 4.300.000 ++4591412738
4591All Species
4127Indigenous Species
3469Indigenous Species except Microspecies
38Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
73 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
445 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3590 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 34 endemic)
658 Microspecies (of them 22 endemic)
464 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff.); many more regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Moldova (incl. Transnistria) MLD 33.843 -9948980
994All Species
898Indigenous Species
859Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
831 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
39 Microspecies (of them endemic)
96 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011), Vol. 2 (Magnoliophyta) (2016), Vol. 4 (2023, not yet seen) [incomplete, in total 6 volumes are planned]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Ukraine (excl. Crimea) UKR 577.720 ++323629768
3236All Species
2976Indigenous Species
2795Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
378 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2523 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
181 Microspecies (of them endemic)
260 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora URSR [Flora of the Ukrainian SSSR], 1936 - 1965, 12 vols.; Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Ukrainae Carpaticae (Chopik 2015)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian); Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Crimea KRY 26.080 ++230021232
2300All Species
2123Indigenous Species
2051Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
229 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1839 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
72 Microspecies (of them endemic)
177 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kryma (Wulf., ed., 1927-1969, 10 vols. plus Additions)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of the Orchids of Crimea (Fateryga & Kreutz 2014); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
AFRICA (2)
NORTHERN AFRICA (20)
more species list checklist Morocco MOR 453.730 ++4332391787
4332All Species
3917Indigenous Species
3868Indigenous Species except Microspecies
87Endemic Species
87Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
66 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
358 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3465 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 78 endemic)
49 Microspecies (of them endemic)
415 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore pratique du Maroc (Fennane et al. 1999-2015, 3 vols.); Flore vasculaire du Maroc, inventaire et chorologie (Fennane & Ibn Tattou, 2 vols., 2005-2007); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flore pratique du Maroc, Vol. 1 (Salvo & Ouyahya 1999)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Western Sahara WSA 267.769 +2402380
240All Species
238Indigenous Species
236Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
218 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie, Vol. 2 (Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Algeria ALG 2.381.740 ++3743340424
3743All Species
3404Indigenous Species
3373Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
329 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2991 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 22 endemic)
31 Microspecies (of them endemic)
339 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962/63, 2 vols.); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist Tunisia TUN 164.418 ++243722382
2437All Species
2238Indigenous Species
2199Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
223 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1963 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
39 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
199 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de Tunisie: Catalogue synonymique commente (Le Floc'h & Boulos 2008); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flore de la Tunisie (Pottier-Alapetite, ed., 1979-1984, 3 vols. + Atlas, complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988)
more species list checklist Libya LBY 1.757.000 ++192417403
1924All Species
1740Indigenous Species
1729Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
148 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1564 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Libya (Ali & Jafri, eds., 1976-1990, 150 vols., almost complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Libya - Pteridophytes (1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985); Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001)
more species list checklist Egypt (excl. Sinai peninsula) EGY 878.000 ++196118151
1961All Species
1815Indigenous Species
1805Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
12 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
185 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1607 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them endemic)
146 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005, 4 vols., complete); Flora of Egypt (Cairo University, 1981-1998, 9 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
MACARONESIA (21)
more species list checklist Azores AZO 2.247 ++9385801
938All Species
580Indigenous Species
574Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
59 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
467 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
358 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Catalogo das plantas vasculares dos Acores (Palhina 1966)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Azores (3rd ed., Schaefer et al. 2022, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Soó 1980); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die Orchideen der Azoren (Frey 1977)
more species list checklist Madeira MDR 741 ++13007613
1300All Species
761Indigenous Species
753Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
633 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
539 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020); Flores Silvestres de las Islas Canarias (Bramwell & Bramwell 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Islas Selvagens (Salvajes Isl.) SEL 3 ++107940
107All Species
94Indigenous Species
92Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
88 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
13 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990)
more species list checklist Canary Isl. CNY 7.273 ++2099156875
2099All Species
1568Indigenous Species
1542Indigenous Species except Microspecies
75Endemic Species
74Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
97 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1406 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 74 endemic)
26 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
531 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.)

Most recent flora

Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen der Kanarischen Inseln (Muer, Sauerbier & Calixto 2016); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986)
more species list checklist Cape Verde Isl. CVI 4.033 ++7605362
760All Species
536Indigenous Species
531Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
451 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
224 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora de Cabo Verde (Paiva et al., 1995-2002, 106 vols., ?complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern-Allies (Pteridophyta) of the Cape Verde Islands (Lobin et al. 1998)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA (22)
more species list checklist Mauritania MTN 1.030.700 +8437760
843All Species
776Indigenous Species
772Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
65 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
696 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
67 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998)

Most recent flora

Flore de Mauritanie (2 vols., Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Senegal SEN 196.722 +188917920
1889All Species
1792Indigenous Species
1792Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
368 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1367 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
97 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Sénégal (Berhaut, ed., 1971-1988, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988)
more species list checklist Gambia GAM 11.295 o10168420
1016All Species
842Indigenous Species
842Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
152 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
669 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
174 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Gambian Biodiversity: A Provisional Checklist of all Species Recorded within the Gambia (Emms & Brummitt 2005)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of the Gambia (Jones 1994, only cursory overview)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea-Bissau GNB 36.125 ++141513340
1415All Species
1334Indigenous Species
1334Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
246 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1055 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
81 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) (Catarino et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora da Guiné-Bissau / Jardim e museu agrícola do Ultramar .. (7 vol., 1971-1983, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Guinea [Conakry] GUI 245.857 ++308727717
3087All Species
2771Indigenous Species
2771Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
168 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
531 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2052 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
316 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2009); Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Sierra Leone SIE 71.740 o269925653
2699All Species
2565Indigenous Species
2565Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
138 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
563 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1843 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
134 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Liberia LBR 99.067 o224121775
2241All Species
2177Indigenous Species
2176Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
192 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
471 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1491 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Über die Farne Liberias (Westafrika), ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung (Kunkel 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Mali MLI 1.240.192 o167015921
1670All Species
1592Indigenous Species
1591Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
251 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1297 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)
more species list checklist Burkina Faso BKN 274.200 +204518051
2045All Species
1805Indigenous Species
1805Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
312 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1458 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
240 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Thiombiano et al. 2012)

Most recent flora

Diversity, distribution and preliminary conservation status of the flora of Burkina Faso (Schmidt et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931);
more species list checklist Ivory Coast IVO 322.462 +353334154
3533All Species
3415Indigenous Species
3415Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
753 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2474 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
118 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flore de la Cote d'Ivoire: Catalogue systematique, biogeographie et ecologie (Ake-Assi 2001-2002)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003)
more species list checklist Ghana GHA 238.500 o318730325
3187All Species
3032Indigenous Species
3032Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
158 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
611 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2240 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
155 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A list of the Gold Coast Pteridophyta (Adams & Alston 1955); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Togo TOG 56.785 ++220120191
2201All Species
2019Indigenous Species
2018Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
391 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1526 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel, ed., 1984); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985)
more species list checklist Benin BEN 112.622 ++266522590
2665All Species
2259Indigenous Species
2259Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
372 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1819 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
406 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore du Bénin (3 vols., Souza, ed., 2006-2009); Flore analytique du Benin (Akoegninou et al., eds., 2006); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Niger NGR 1.267.000 o8247900
824All Species
790Indigenous Species
790Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
127 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
639 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976)

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Nigeria NGA 923.768 o4716457611
4716All Species
4576Indigenous Species
4575Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
195 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
916 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3419 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
140 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983)
WEST CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA (23)
more species list checklist Cameroon (Cameroun) CMN 475.442 +72276788129
7227All Species
6788Indigenous Species
6788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
129Endemic Species
129Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
277 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
90 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
1201 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 49 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5211 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 74 endemic)
439 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Most recent flora

Flore du Cameroun (Aubreville et al., ed., 1963 - 2022, 44 vols., still incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 3 (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953); The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001)
more species list checklist Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) BIO 2.017 +193617295
1936All Species
1729Indigenous Species
1729Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
212 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
29 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
340 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1146 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
207 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2013): Preliminary Checklist of vascular plants of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea)

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophyta of Bioko, Vol. 1-5 (Benl 1978-91)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist Principe Isl. PRI 146 +5214056
521All Species
405Indigenous Species
405Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
78 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
108 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
214 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
116 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome etc. (Exell 1944); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Sao Tomé SAO 855 +113483923
1134All Species
839Indigenous Species
839Indigenous Species except Microspecies
23Endemic Species
23Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
147 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
174 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
506 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
295 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist Annobon Isl. ANN 17 +3372621
337All Species
262Indigenous Species
262Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
164 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Velayos, M. et al. (2016): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Velayos, M. et al. (2014): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Equatorial Guinea (mainland [Rio Muni], excluding islands) EQG 24.500 o206820094
2068All Species
2009Indigenous Species
2009Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
136 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
518 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1328 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
59 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet); some more checklists on family level

Most recent flora

Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist Gabon GAB 267.667 +4754464384
4754All Species
4643Indigenous Species
4643Indigenous Species except Microspecies
84Endemic Species
84Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
174 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
59 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
857 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 32 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3550 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 51 endemic)
111 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sosef et al. (2006): Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon

Most recent flora

Flore du Gabon (Aubreville et al., eds., 1961-2022, 59 vols. published, still incomplete); Plantes à Fleurs du Gabon (Field Guide, J. P. Vande Weghe et al.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Gabon, Vol. 8. Ptéridophytes (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.)
more species list checklist Congo [Brazzaville] CON 342.000 +421940683
4219All Species
4068Indigenous Species
4068Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
716 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3088 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
151 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988); La flore des plantes vascularies de la Republique du Congo: nouvelles donnees (Lachenaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Central African Republic CAF 622.436 +355833548
3558All Species
3354Indigenous Species
3354Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
113 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
577 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2633 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977-1984, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987)
more species list checklist Cabinda CAB 7.823 o4814790
481All Species
479Indigenous Species
479Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
401 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Conspectus florae angolensis: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist D.R. Congo (Zaire) ZAI 2.344.885 o88528632177
8852All Species
8632Indigenous Species
8632Indigenous Species except Microspecies
177Endemic Species
177Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
325 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
63 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1581 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 40 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6647 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 129 endemic)
220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) - covers mountains in eastern part of the country

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of the Upper Katanga (Kornas et al. 2000); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Rwanda RWA 26.338 o2184213620
2184All Species
2136Indigenous Species
2136Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
196 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
431 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1488 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Checklist of Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiopsida of Rwanda (Fischer & Lobin 2023); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist Burundi BUR 27.834 o205620169
2056All Species
2016Indigenous Species
2016Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
428 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1394 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2022, over 70% complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985))

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA (24)
more species list checklist Chad CHA 1.284.000 ++226220330
2262All Species
2033Indigenous Species
2033Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
316 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1664 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
229 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis (Brundu 2013); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986)

Most recent flora

Flore illustrée du Tchad (César & Chatelain 2019)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Sudan SUD 1.886.068 +214019990
2140All Species
1999Indigenous Species
1999Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
169 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
221 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1601 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist South Sudan SSU 619.745 +280326970
2803All Species
2697Indigenous Species
2697Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
444 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2225 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist Ethiopia ETH 1.133.380 ++5045483239
5045All Species
4832Indigenous Species
4832Indigenous Species except Microspecies
39Endemic Species
39Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
184 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
688 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3933 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 26 endemic)
213 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Eritrea ERI 121.144 ++157415200
1574All Species
1520Indigenous Species
1520Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
29 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
196 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1285 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
54 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist Djibouti DJI 23.200 ++6215840
621All Species
584Indigenous Species
584Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
13 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
34 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
530 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
37 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990)

Most recent flora

Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Audru et al. 1994, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)
more species list checklist Somalia SOM 637.700 ++2958289437
2958All Species
2894Indigenous Species
2893Indigenous Species except Microspecies
37Endemic Species
37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
308 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2525 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986)

Most recent flora

Flora of Somalia (Thulin, ed., 4 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1 (Thulin, ed., 1993)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995)
more species list checklist Soqotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl., Samha Isl.) SOC 3.579 ++8167762
816All Species
776Indigenous Species
773Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
672 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Ethnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004)
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA (25)
more species list checklist Uganda UGA 241.038 ++4570440412
4570All Species
4404Indigenous Species
4403Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
271 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
853 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3245 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
166 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998)

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae: in Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
more species list checklist Kenya KEN 582.646 ++6315606147
6315All Species
6061Indigenous Species
6060Indigenous Species except Microspecies
47Endemic Species
47Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
281 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1010 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4723 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989); Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996)
more species list checklist Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl., Zanzibar) TAN 945.268 ++95219230245
9521All Species
9230Indigenous Species
9230Indigenous Species except Microspecies
245Endemic Species
245Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
402 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1692 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 94 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7077 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 149 endemic)
291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA (26)
more species list checklist Angola (excl. Cabinda) ANG 1.238.877 +6446618886
6446All Species
6188Indigenous Species
6188Indigenous Species except Microspecies
86Endemic Species
86Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
969 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4983 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 71 endemic)
258 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]

Most recent flora

Conspectus florae Angolensis (Fernandes et al., eds., 1937-1993, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist Zambia ZAM 752.614 ++6100588362
6100All Species
5883Indigenous Species
5883Indigenous Species except Microspecies
62Endemic Species
62Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1241 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4426 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic)
217 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zambian vascular plants (Phiri 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970); Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia (Kornas 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in: Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Malawi MLW 118.484 ++4385428314
4385All Species
4283Indigenous Species
4283Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
235 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
977 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3040 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae in Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist Zimbabwe ZIM 390.759 ++5542509721
5542All Species
5097Indigenous Species
5096Indigenous Species except Microspecies
21Endemic Species
21Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1006 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3774 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
445 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants (Mapaura 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976)
more species list checklist Mozambique MOZ 799.380 ++5555511720
5555All Species
5117Indigenous Species
5117Indigenous Species except Microspecies
20Endemic Species
20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
227 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
839 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4006 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic)
438 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique (da Silva et al. 2004)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2020, 48 of ca. 50 parts published); Flora de Mocambique (A. Fernandes, ed., 79 vols. published until 1980, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976)
SOUTH AFRICA (27)
more species list checklist Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip) NAM 824.269 ++4055386356
4055All Species
3863Indigenous Species
3863Indigenous Species except Microspecies
56Endemic Species
56Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
554 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3218 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 40 endemic)
192 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Namibian Indigenous and Naturalised Plants (Klaassen & Kwembeya 2013); List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992)

Most recent flora

Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrica (Merxmüller 1966-1972, 167 families published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika, Lfg. 26 (Merxmüller, ed., 1969)
more species list checklist Botswana BOT 581.730 ++263025061
2630All Species
2506Indigenous Species
2506Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
406 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2035 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana (Setshogo 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist South Africa SAF 1.219.090 +20340193728020
20340All Species
19372Indigenous Species
19357Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8020Endemic Species
8020Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
39.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
276 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
43 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 16 endemic)
30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
3949 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2112 endemic)
87 Indigenous Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
14987 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5851 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
968 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete); A Flora of the eastern Cape (C. L. Bredenkamp, ed., 3 vols., 2019, complete); Many major monographs in the Series "Strelitzia". Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (2 vols., Manning & Goldblatt 2012).

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Lesotho LES 30.355 +178216291
1782All Species
1629Indigenous Species
1627Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
334 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1195 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Lesotho (Basutoland) (Guillarmod 1971); Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist Eswatini [Swaziland] SWZ 17.363 +280526522
2805All Species
2652Indigenous Species
2652Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
108 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
502 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2012 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976)
MIDDLE ATLANTIC OCEAN (28)
more species list checklist Ascension Isl. ASC 88 +40330
40All Species
33Indigenous Species
33Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Fairhurst, W. (2004) Flowering plants of Ascension Island; A plan for the conservation of endemic and native flora of Ascension Island (Lambdon et al. 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist St. Helena STH 122 ++488981
488All Species
98Indigenous Species
98Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
390 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

St. Helena: Checklist of endemic & indigenous plants (Clifton 1996)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants & Ferns of St. Helena (Lambdon 2013); The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
INDIAN OCEAN (29)
more species list checklist Madagascar MDG 587.041 +12134117211900
12134All Species
11721Indigenous Species
11721Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1900Endemic Species
1900Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
15.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
722 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 90 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
257 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 97 endemic)
2070 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 736 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8660 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 977 endemic)
413 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar (www.tropicos.org)

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Comores (incl. Mayotte) COM 1.862 o106199916
1061All Species
999Indigenous Species
999Indigenous Species except Microspecies
16Endemic Species
16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
166 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
194 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
620 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist Mozambique Channel Isl. (Iles Eparses p. p., incl. Ile Europa, Juan de Nova Isl.) MCI 36 +168860
168All Species
86Indigenous Species
85Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
79 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Mauritius (incl. Tromelin Isl., Cargados Carajos Isl.) MAU 2.040 ++1947101813
1947All Species
1018Indigenous Species
1018Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
201 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
21 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
225 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
571 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
929 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Cargados Carajos Isl.: Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands [only very few data for Agalega]

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist La Réunion REU 2.503 ++180499128
1804All Species
991Indigenous Species
991Indigenous Species except Microspecies
28Endemic Species
28Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
252 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
247 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
477 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
813 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist Rodrigues Isl. ROD 109 ++4342233
434All Species
223Indigenous Species
223Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
151 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
211 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist Agalega Isl. AGA 24 o124510
124All Species
51Indigenous Species
51Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
73 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands [only very few data for Agalega]

Most recent flora

Bouton, M. L. (1871): Lettre de l'Ile Agalega par Bojer... - Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius, New Ser. 5: 132-140.
more species list checklist Iles Glorieuses (Iles Eparses p. p.) IGL 7 +127630
127All Species
63Indigenous Species
62Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)
more species list checklist Aldabra (incl. Asuncio Isl., Cosmoledo Isl., Astove Isl., St. Pierre Isl., Providence Isl., Farquhar Isl.) ALD 155 +2431951
243All Species
195Indigenous Species
194Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
160 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands

Most recent flora

Flora of Aldabra (Hemsley 1919)
more species list checklist Seychelles (also including outlier islands: Remire Isl., Desroches Isl., Darros Isl., Coetivy Isl.) SEY 300 +8054032
805All Species
403Indigenous Species
403Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
88 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
221 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
402 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Outlier Islands: Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands

Most recent flora

Flore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia) CGS 30 ++178660
178All Species
66Indigenous Species
66Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
47 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
112 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the flora of Diego Garcia (Topp 1988)
TEMPERATE ASIA (3)
SIBERIA (30)
more species list checklist Siberia (incl. Altay, Sayan, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk, Buryatia, Chita, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Irkutsk, NE-Siberia) SIB 10.600.000 +4583440170
4583All Species
4401Indigenous Species
4188Indigenous Species except Microspecies
70Endemic Species
65Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
87 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
553 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3737 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 65 endemic)
213 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic)
182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); numerous regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
RUSSIAN FAR EAST (31)
more species list checklist Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Okhotsk, Kuril Isl., Kamchatka, Commander Isl., Primorye, Khabarovsk, Magadan) RFE 2.500.000 +4084352157
4084All Species
3521Indigenous Species
3430Indigenous Species except Microspecies
57Endemic Species
55Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
145 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
622 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2715 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 53 endemic)
91 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
563 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora murmanskoj oblasti (Kirova, 5 vols., 1953-1966); Flora i paleogeografija Komandoskikh ostrovov (Vasil'ev 1957); Plants of the Kuril Islands (Takahashi 2015); numerous regional floras (in Russian)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
MIDDLE ASIA (32)
more species list checklist Kazakhstan KAZ 2.717.300 +5300510751
5300All Species
5107Indigenous Species
4986Indigenous Species except Microspecies
51Endemic Species
49Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
525 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4495 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 43 endemic)
121 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
193 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kazakhstan (Abdulina 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Kazakhstana (Pavlov, etc., 1956-1966, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kazakhstan SSR (Kuznetzov & Pavlov 1958); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Turkmenistan TKM 488.100 +2925273514
2925All Species
2735Indigenous Species
2717Indigenous Species except Microspecies
14Endemic Species
14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
279 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2420 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them endemic)
190 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora Turkmenii (Fedtschenko et al., eds., 7 vols., 1932-60); Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Opredelitelja Rastenii Turkmenistana (Key to the Plants of Turkmenistan) (Nikitin & Geldichanov 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) (Kopet Dagh only)
more species list checklist Uzbekistan UZB 447.700 o4354393733
4354All Species
3937Indigenous Species
3898Indigenous Species except Microspecies
33Endemic Species
33Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
456 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3443 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
39 Microspecies (of them endemic)
417 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Sennikov et al. (Checklist, in prep.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Uzbekistan (Sennikov, ed., 3 vols. published, 2017-2019), Flora Uzbekistana (Schreder et al., eds., 1953-62, 6 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Uzbekistana, Vol. 1 (Schreder et al. 1953)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Kyrgyzstan (Kirgisia) KGZ 198.500 +3944381026
3944All Species
3810Indigenous Species
3720Indigenous Species except Microspecies
26Endemic Species
26Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
391 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3372 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
90 Microspecies (of them endemic)
134 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov & Sultanova 2011)

Most recent flora

Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (11 vols., 1950-1965, complete), Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (new version, Vykhotsev, ed., 1967-70, incomplete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kirgistan III (Shishkin & Vvedensky 1951); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist Tajikistan TZK 143.100 o4790447961
4790All Species
4479Indigenous Species
4395Indigenous Species except Microspecies
61Endemic Species
61Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
441 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3990 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 51 endemic)
84 Microspecies (of them endemic)
311 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas (Nowak & Nobis 2020, only about 30% of species covered); Flora Tadzikskoj SSR (Ovchinnikov et al., ed., 1957 - 1991, complete, 10 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Tadjikskoj SSSR, Vol. 1 (Ovchinnikov 1957)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
CAUCASUS (33)
more species list checklist Northern Caucasus (incl. Chechnya, Daghestan, etc.) NCS 200.000 +4124388426
4124All Species
3884Indigenous Species
3773Indigenous Species except Microspecies
26Endemic Species
25Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
434 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3354 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
111 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
240 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist Gruziya [Georgia - Caucasus] (incl. Abkhazia, Adzharia) GEO 69.700 +395536836
3955All Species
3683Indigenous Species
3561Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
74 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
407 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3178 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
122 Microspecies (of them endemic)
272 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005); Conspectus Flora Kavkaza (Takhtajan 2003-2012, 4 of 5 vols. published)

Most recent flora

Flora Gruzii (in Georgian) (1971-2007, 15 vols., complete); Flora Abhazii (Kolakovskij, 1980-1986, 4 vols.), Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flora of Georgia (South Caucasus) (Fischer et al. 2018); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005)
more species list checklist Armenia ARM 29.800 +3498341413
3498All Species
3414Indigenous Species
3344Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
45 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
371 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2979 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
70 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
84 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Armenia (Saghatelyan, unpubl.); Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Armenii (ed. A. L. Tahtadzjiana) (11 vols., complete, 1954-2011); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [S-Aserbaidshan, Talysh-Region]
more species list checklist Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, incl. Nakhichevan) AZE 81.100 +373335659
3733All Species
3565Indigenous Species
3510Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
387 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3100 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
55 Microspecies (of them endemic)
168 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published)

Most recent flora

Flora Azerbaidzana (2 vols. published, 1953-1957); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [Talysh region only]; Orchidaceae (Karjagin). - In: Flora of Aserbaidshan II (1952)
WESTERN ASIA (34)
more species list checklist Eastern Aegaean Islands (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Ikaria, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Symi, Chalki, Rhodos, Karpathos, Kasos) EAI 7.000 ++241622477
2416All Species
2247Indigenous Species
2209Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
34 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
300 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1882 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
38 Microspecies (of them endemic)
169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024); Checklist of Greece (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, 2016); Checklist updating and analysis of the flora of Symi island and of the nearby island of Seskli (Cattaneo & Grano 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan, eds., 1997 ff.); Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000); Flora von Rhodos and Chalki (Kleinsteuber et al., vol. 1, 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997); Orchideen auf Rhodos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001)
more species list checklist Turkey (excl. European Turkey) TUR 756.816 ++99179748812
9917All Species
9748Indigenous Species
9570Indigenous Species except Microspecies
812Endemic Species
809Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
97 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
38 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1166 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 180 endemic)
49 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
8386 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 620 endemic)
178 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey, Vol. 11 (Supplement (Kreutz 2000); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Iraq IRQ 438.317 +3005295512
3005All Species
2955Indigenous Species
2938Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
285 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2638 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them endemic)
50 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Iraq (1966-2019, almost complete); Flora of Lowland Iraq (Rechinger, ed., 1964)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Iraq, Vol. 8 (Wood 1985)
more species list checklist Iran IRN 1.648.000 ++79797904483
7979All Species
7904Indigenous Species
7814Indigenous Species except Microspecies
483Endemic Species
481Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
657 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7153 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 461 endemic)
90 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Afghanistan AFG 652.225 ++4373426490
4373All Species
4264Indigenous Species
4222Indigenous Species except Microspecies
90Endemic Species
89Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
359 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3828 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 88 endemic)
42 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
109 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular plants of Afghanistan: an augmented checklist (Breckle et al. 2013); Checklist of the Flowering plants of Afghanistan (Podlech 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist Cyprus CYP 9.251 ++170216135
1702All Species
1613Indigenous Species
1598Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
24 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
192 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1381 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
89 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 1/2 (Meikle 1977, 1985); An Illustrated Flora of North Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Viney 1996); Illustrated Flora of Cyprus (Christofides 2017, field guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae (J. J. Wood). - In: Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Meikle 1985); Orchids of Cyprus (Morschek & Morschek 1996)
more species list checklist Lebanon LEB 10.230 ++270826385
2708All Species
2638Indigenous Species
2623Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
290 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2285 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
15 Microspecies (of them endemic)
70 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Illustrated Flora of Lebanon (G. & H. Tolme, 2007-2014, 2 vols.); Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970, 2 vols. text + 2 vols. atlas)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I (Mouterde 1966); Die Orchideen der Levante (Fragman & Kretzschmar, in prep.)
more species list checklist Syria SYR 185.180 ++288728427
2887All Species
2842Indigenous Species
2832Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
295 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2494 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, Vol. I (Mouterde 1966); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist Israel + Palestine ISR 21.946 ++244923353
2449All Species
2335Indigenous Species
2331Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
279 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2010 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
114 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist and ecological data-base of the Flora of Israel (Fragman et al. 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora Palaestina (4 + 4 vols., 1966-1987, complete), Analytical Flora of Eretz-Israel (Feinbrun-Dothan & Danin 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Annotated List of the Orchids of Israel (Dafni et al. 1986); Orchids of Israel (Dafni 1981); Flora Palestina, pt. IV (Feinbrun-Dothan 1986)
more species list checklist Sinai peninsula SIN 61.000 ++133312940
1333All Species
1294Indigenous Species
1294Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
116 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1158 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
39 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
more species list checklist Jordania JOR 89.556 +163116001
1631All Species
1600Indigenous Species
1594Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
148 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1434 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The Plants of Jordan. An annotated Checklist (Taifour & El-Oqlah 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Jordan (Al-Eisawi 1986)
ARABIAN PENINSULA (35)
more species list checklist Saudi Arabia SAU 2.240.000 +211820264
2118All Species
2026Indigenous Species
2026Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
157 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1823 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
92 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

Flora of Saudi-Arabia (3 vols., 3rd ed., Migahid 1988-1989); Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (3 vols. in 5 parts, Chaudhary, ed., 2001-2007); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986); Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.), Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (MANDAVILLE 1990); Orchidaceae, in: Flora of Saudi-Arabia, 3. Aufl. (MIGAHID 1989)
more species list checklist Kuwait KUW 17.820 ++3983890
398All Species
389Indigenous Species
388Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
366 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
9 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Flora of Kuwait (Boulos & Al-Dosari 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of Kuwait (2 vols., 1985-1987, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)
more species list checklist Bahrain BAR 707 +2742620
274All Species
262Indigenous Species
262Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
241 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of vascular plants of Bahrain (El-Oqlah & Abbas 1994)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Qatar QAT 11.427 ++3923110
392All Species
311Indigenous Species
311Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
296 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
81 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar (Norton et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Qatar (2 vols., Abd el Bary & Ekhlas 2012); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist United Arab Emirates (incl. Dubai, Abu Dhabi) UAE 83.600 +3803590
380All Species
359Indigenous Species
359Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
345 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
21 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Annotated Check-list for Plants in the U.A.E. (Jongbloed 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora of the United Arab Emirates (Karim & Fawzi 2007, 2 vols., complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published); The Comprehensive Guide to the Wildflowers of the United Arab Emirates (Jongbloed 2003)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Oman OMA 309.500 ++109510502
1095All Species
1050Indigenous Species
1048Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
59 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
965 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman (Ghazanfar 1992)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Sultanate of Oman (Ghazanfar et al., 4 vols. 2003-2018, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist Yemen (excl. Soqotra) YEM 527.970 +204919429
2049All Species
1942Indigenous Species
1942Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9Endemic Species
9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
164 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1717 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
107 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)

Most recent flora

A handbook of the Yemen Flora (Wood & Haig-Thomas 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
CHINA (36)
more species list checklist China (incl. Hongkong, Macao and Hainan; excl. Tibet, Taiwan and South China Sea Isl.) CHI 8.351.300 ++31010299394767
31010All Species
29939Indigenous Species
29777Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4767Endemic Species
4746Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
15.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1972 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 350 endemic)
121 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 21 endemic)
881 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 198 endemic)
4143 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 574 endemic)
17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
22805 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3619 endemic)
162 Microspecies (of them 21 endemic)
1071 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes); Higher Plants of China in Colour (2016, 8 vols.). Many regional floras in Chinese

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
more species list checklist Tibet [Xizang] TIB 1.220.000 ++68846826143
6884All Species
6826Indigenous Species
6794Indigenous Species except Microspecies
143Endemic Species
143Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
523 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
34 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
105 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
748 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5413 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 127 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them endemic)
58 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
MONGOLIA (37)
more species list checklist Mongolia MON 1.566.500 +2838279410
2838All Species
2794Indigenous Species
2728Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
329 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2397 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
66 Microspecies (of them endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia (Urgamal et al. 2014); Flora of Mongolia: annotated checklist of native vascular plants (Baasanmunkh et al. 2022)

Most recent flora

Flora of Mongolia (2009 ff., only 3 vols. published, very incomplete); Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 1982); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999]); Flowers of Mongolia (Hauck & Solongo 2010)
EASTERN ASIA (38)
more species list checklist North Korea NKO 120.500 ++192619091
1926All Species
1909Indigenous Species
1908Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
422 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1351 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
17 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist South Korea (incl. Cheju Do Isl.) KOR 99.300 ++2986236210
2986All Species
2362Indigenous Species
2359Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
242 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
43 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
505 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1557 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
624 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist Japan (incl. Izu Isl., Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu Isl. and Bonin Isl.) JAP 372.769 ++52224787224
5222All Species
4787Indigenous Species
4771Indigenous Species except Microspecies
224Endemic Species
224Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
638 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 36 endemic)
27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
110 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 18 endemic)
994 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 62 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3014 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 107 endemic)
16 Microspecies (of them endemic)
435 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Enumeration of the Vascular Plants of Japan (Yonekura 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Japan (revised edition, Iwatsuki et al., eds., 4 vols. in 8 parts, 1995-2020, complete)
more species list checklist Ryukyu Isl. (Nansei Shoto) (incl. Osumi Isl., Tokara Isl., Amami Isl., Okinawa Isl., Daito Isl., Sakishima Isl.) NNS 4.700 ++209118376
2091All Species
1837Indigenous Species
1836Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
317 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
418 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1036 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands (Garay & Sweet 1974) [incl. checklist of northern Ryukyu Isl.]
more species list checklist Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Isl.) OGA 73 ++4893502
489All Species
350Indigenous Species
350Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
72 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
208 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
139 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Kazan-Retto (Volcano Isl., Iwo-jima) KZN 30 ++2531880
253All Species
188Indigenous Species
188Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist Taiwan (incl. Lan Yu Isl.) TAI 36.000 ++5615456889
5615All Species
4568Indigenous Species
4560Indigenous Species except Microspecies
89Endemic Species
89Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
766 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 17 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
130 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
900 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 45 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2756 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1047 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., eds., 6 vols., 1975-2003); Illustrated Flora of Taiwan (Zhong, 8 vols. in 9 parts, until 2019, complete); Grass Flora of Taiwan (C.-H. Chen et al., 2011-2018, 3 vols.); Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Updating Taiwanese pteridophyte checklist (Taiwan Pteridophyte Group 2019); Index to Ferns and Fern Allies of Taiwan (Knapp 2014); Ferns of Taiwan (Ralf Knapp 2010, with supplement 2013); Flora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 1-6, 1990 ff.); Flora of Taiwan, Vol. 1 (2nd. ed., 1994); Ferns of Taiwan (Chengmeng 2020, 2 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79); Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.)
TROPICAL ASIA (4)
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (40)
more species list checklist Pakistan PAK 796.095 +5298470419
5298All Species
4704Indigenous Species
4644Indigenous Species except Microspecies
19Endemic Species
18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
438 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4082 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
60 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
594 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir (Stewart 1972)

Most recent flora

Flora of [West] Pakistan (Nasir, ed., 1970-2012, 219 vols., mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part]; Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984)
more species list checklist Nepal NEP 147.181 +6144577127
6144All Species
5771Indigenous Species
5746Indigenous Species except Microspecies
27Endemic Species
26Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
565 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
84 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
899 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
4207 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic)
25 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
373 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Handbook of Nepalese Flowering Plants (Rajbhandari et al. 2017-2023) (new version of checklist, 4 of 5 vols. published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Nepal, Web edition (publication ongoing, Watson et al., ed., 2011); Flora of Nepal (Bista, ed., 1997 ff., few parts published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 of 50 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015-2020): Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal, Volume 1-3 (complete); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001); The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984); Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978)
more species list checklist Bhutan BHU 47.000 ++4999471113
4999All Species
4711Indigenous Species
4700Indigenous Species except Microspecies
13Endemic Species
13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
540 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
100 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
781 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3275 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them endemic)
288 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019)

Most recent flora

Flora of Bhutan (Grierson & Long, eds., 1983-2002, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Bhutan (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2009); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001)
more species list checklist India (incl. Assam, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Chumbi, Jammu & Kashmir, excl. Andaman and Nicobar Isl., excl. Lakshadweep Isl.) IND 3.279.173 +1874416963760
18744All Species
16963Indigenous Species
16788Indigenous Species except Microspecies
760Endemic Species
758Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1052 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 28 endemic)
48 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
388 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
3111 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 255 endemic)
12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
12352 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 459 endemic)
175 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
1781 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)

Most recent flora

Flora of India (Sharma et al., eds., 1993 ff., 11 of 24 vols. published); Fascicles of Flora of India (1978 ff., 30 vols. published); almost 100 regional floras in India (Botanical Survey of India and others); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published); Flora of Eastern Ghats (Pullaiah et al., 2002 ff., 7 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018), Part III (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2020); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); Illustrated Manual of Ferns of Assam (Borthakur et al. 2000); The Ferns of India: Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution (Chandra 2000); Fern flora of South India (Nampy & Madhusoodanan 1998); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994); Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998); Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999); Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991); Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986); Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981); Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995); Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000); Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987); Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995); Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976); The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966); The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986); Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999)
more species list checklist Lakshadweep Isl. (Laccadives) LDV 32 +3922250
392All Species
225Indigenous Species
225Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
34 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
182 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
167 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands (C. S. Reddy & P. S. Roy 2012)
more species list checklist Maldives MDV 298 o3731890
373All Species
189Indigenous Species
189Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
150 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

List of Addu vascular plants (Fosberg et al. 1966)

Most recent flora

The botany of the Maldive Islands (Willis & Gardiner 1901); Common Plants of Maldives (Sujanapal & Sankaran 2016); Trees and shrubs of the Maldives (Selvam 2007)
more species list checklist Sri Lanka SRL 65.610 ++4314362465
4314All Species
3624Indigenous Species
3622Indigenous Species except Microspecies
65Endemic Species
65Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
342 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
66 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
671 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2540 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 22 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
690 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon (Dassayanake, ed., 1980-2006, 15 vols. in 16 parts plus Index, complete); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka (Vlas & Vlas-deJong, 2008-2019, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, vol. 15/1-2 (Shaffer-Fehre, ed., 2006); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); An annotated check-list of the Pteridophytes of Ceylon (Sledge 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981)
more species list checklist Bangladesh BAN 147.570 o482340671
4823All Species
4067Indigenous Species
4067Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
219 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
129 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
861 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2848 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
756 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bangladesh (Khan, ed., 1975 ff., 63 vols. published); Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vols. 5-12 (Ahmed, ed., 2007-2009, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vol. 5 (2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Bangladesh, vol. ##
INDOCHINA (41)
more species list checklist Andaman Isl. AND 6.496 +203116787
2031All Species
1678Indigenous Species
1678Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
81 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
348 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1187 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
353 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001)
more species list checklist Nicobar Isl. NCB 1.800 +147112082
1471All Species
1208Indigenous Species
1208Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
97 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
239 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
825 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
263 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete)

Most recent flora

Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999); Flora of Campbell Bay National Park (Jayanthi 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999)
more species list checklist Myanmar MYA 676.552 o10711985098
10711All Species
9850Indigenous Species
9845Indigenous Species except Microspecies
98Endemic Species
98Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
748 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
30 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
277 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
2047 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 43 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6743 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 48 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them endemic)
861 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar (Kress et al. 2003); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A Contribution Toward the Knowledge of Ferns and Lycophytes from Northern and Northwestern Myanmar (Khine et al. 2017); The ferns of Burma (Dickason 1946)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora (Aung et al. 2020)
more species list checklist Thailand THA 513.115 +1117410680344
11174All Species
10680Indigenous Species
10680Indigenous Species except Microspecies
344Endemic Species
344Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
764 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
30 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
247 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
2968 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 202 endemic)
4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6667 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 129 endemic)
494 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Thailand (Smitinand et al., eds., 1981-2021, so far 15 vols. in 45 parts, ca. 70% complete, to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Flora of Thailand, Vol. 3/1-4 (Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1979-1989); Pteridophytes in Thailand (Boonkeerd & Pollawatn 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998); A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/1 (Orchidaceae 1) (Pedersen et al. 2011); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/2 (Orchidaceae 2) (Pedersen et al. 2014)
more species list checklist Laos LAO 236.800 o5747541343
5747All Species
5413Indigenous Species
5413Indigenous Species except Microspecies
43Endemic Species
43Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
307 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
157 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1309 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3615 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
334 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR (Jin et al. 2016 [data quality not very good]); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Cambodia CBD 181.035 +4364402911
4364All Species
4029Indigenous Species
4029Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
105 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
869 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2829 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
335 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia (Cho et al. 2016); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist Vietnam VIE 331.690 +1190711167421
11907All Species
11167Indigenous Species
11163Indigenous Species except Microspecies
421Endemic Species
421Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
916 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 17 endemic)
50 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
455 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
2525 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 199 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7216 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 186 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
740 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Câyco Viêtnam (Pham Hoàng Hô, 1991-1993, 3 vols. in 6 parts, complete); Flora of Vietnam (2000 ff., so far 10 families published), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2018, 36 vols. published, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951); Cay Co Vietnam (An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam), vol. 1 (Pham-Hoang Ho (1991)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992); Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994); Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988); Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004)
MALESIA (42)
more species list checklist peninsular Malaysia (incl. Langkawi Isl.) MLY 132.246 +92258899281
9225All Species
8899Indigenous Species
8899Indigenous Species except Microspecies
281Endemic Species
281Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
704 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
31 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
409 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 13 endemic)
2229 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 132 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5524 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 119 endemic)
326 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A catalogue of the vascular plants of Malaya (Turner 1995 publ. 1997); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of peninsular Malaysia (Parris, Kiew, eds., 2010 ff., 12 vols. published, to be continued); Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992)
more species list checklist Singapore SNG 710 ++263221793
2632All Species
2179Indigenous Species
2179Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
171 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
107 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
543 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1350 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
453 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore (Chong et al. 2009)

Most recent flora

The concise flora of Singapore (Keng, 2 vols., 1990, 1998); Flora of Singapore (Middleton et al., eds., 2019 ff., 3 vols. published), Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); A Guide to the Ferns of Singapore (Wee 1987)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992); A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995)
more species list checklist Sumatera (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simeulue, Lingga Arch., Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, Batu) SUM 425.150 o74777338318
7477All Species
7338Indigenous Species
7337Indigenous Species except Microspecies
318Endemic Species
318Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
753 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 23 endemic)
34 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
310 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
2056 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 220 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4182 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 63 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
139 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001)
more species list checklist South China Sea Isl. SCS 2 o2821960
282All Species
196Indigenous Species
196Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
156 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei) BOR 743.384 o12469122631285
12469All Species
12263Indigenous Species
12262Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1285Endemic Species
1285Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
10.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1085 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 91 endemic)
56 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
488 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 49 endemic)
3491 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 733 endemic)
7143 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 408 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
206 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Enumeratio Phanerogamarum Bornearum (Masamune 1942, 1945); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); The plants of Mount Kinabalu (1992-2004, 5 vols. published); Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak (Soepadmo & Wong, eds., 1995-2007, 6 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003); Bulbophyllum of Borneo (Vermeulen, O'Byrne & Lamb 2015)
more species list checklist Brunei BRN 5.765 +253524978
2535All Species
2497Indigenous Species
2497Indigenous Species except Microspecies
8Endemic Species
8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
165 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
500 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1788 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
38 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)
more species list checklist Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe, Kabaena) SUL 189.070 o51184885201
5118All Species
4885Indigenous Species
4884Indigenous Species except Microspecies
201Endemic Species
201Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
778 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic)
29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
165 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
1197 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 155 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2715 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
233 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia (Keßler et al. 2002); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Hovenkamp, P. (2013 onwards): Ferns of Sulawesi - Checklist. sulawesiferns.myspecies.info

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Palawan (incl. Busuanga, Culion) PLW 14.649 o152915156
1529All Species
1515Indigenous Species
1515Indigenous Species except Microspecies
6Endemic Species
6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
232 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
49 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
168 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1057 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Checklist by J. F. Barcelona (pers. comm.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Philippines (excl. Palawan, Sulu Arch.) PHI 325.000 +94998784664
9499All Species
8784Indigenous Species
8784Indigenous Species except Microspecies
664Endemic Species
664Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1039 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 62 endemic)
36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
273 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 13 endemic)
2058 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 345 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5377 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 243 endemic)
715 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org)

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org); Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna, Vol. 2 (Zamora & Co 1986)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist Jawa (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch., Bawean) JAW 130.520 o6834549884
6834All Species
5498Indigenous Species
5496Indigenous Species except Microspecies
84Endemic Species
84Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
557 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
197 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1394 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 44 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 26 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1336 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Java (Backer & van den Brink, 1963-1968, outdated); Mountain Flora of Java (van Steenis 1972); Flora Malesiana (about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Java (Comber 1991)
more species list checklist Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Alor, Wetar) [incl. East Timor] LSI 80.000 o3704329229
3704All Species
3292Indigenous Species
3292Indigenous Species except Microspecies
29Endemic Species
29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
372 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
88 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
617 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2195 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
412 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014) [not seen nor included]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Ferns of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Posthumus 1944); On the Ferns of Sumba (Posthumus 1930); A preliminary Study on Pteridophytes of Lombok: List of the Species (Wardani & Jaenudin 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Timor: checklist (Silveira et al. 2008); Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014 [not seen nor included]); Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Moluccas [Maluku] (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, Sulu Arch.) MOL 74.500 o3990380675
3990All Species
3806Indigenous Species
3806Indigenous Species except Microspecies
75Endemic Species
75Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
720 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic)
28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
161 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
844 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 49 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2052 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Taxonomic Studies of Pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) (in 12 parts) (Kato 1988-2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist Cocos (Keeling) Islands CKI 14 ++133720
133All Species
72Indigenous Species
72Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
61 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Christmas Isl. (Austr.) XMS 135 ++3802101
380All Species
210Indigenous Species
210Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
145 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
170 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
PAPUASIA (43)
more species list checklist New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Goodenough Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell, Yapen [Japen], Biak, Waigeo etc.) NWG 800.000 +13837134402535
13837All Species
13440Indigenous Species
13439Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2535Endemic Species
2535Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
18.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1353 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 206 endemic)
53 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
628 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 167 endemic)
4193 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1544 endemic)
2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7211 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 616 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
397 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

New Guinea has the world's richest island flora (Cámara-Leret et al. 2020) [detailed checklist]

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far), Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea (3 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The ferns and fern-allies of Papua New Guinea (Johns & Bellamy, 1979 ff., in 12 parts); A Checklist of the Fern Allies, Ferns and Gymnosperms of the N. E. Kepala Burung (Vogelkop), Irian Jaya, Indonesia (Edwards, Johns & Kowalska 2012)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admiralty Isl., Manus Isl., Umboi Isl.) BIS 48.500 -1907181917
1907All Species
1819Indigenous Species
1819Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
362 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
59 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
460 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
921 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
88 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for naturalists (Peekel 1947, reprint 1985, very incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville, excl. Santa Cruz Isl.) SOL 35.926 o2454227124
2454All Species
2271Indigenous Species
2271Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
456 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
89 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
553 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
1157 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
183 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991)
AUSTRALASIA (5)
AUSTRALIA (50)
more species list checklist Australia (incl. Tasmania, excl. other islands) AUS 7.690.849 +(+)236622146811199
23662All Species
21468Indigenous Species
21444Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11199Endemic Species
11199Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
47.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
459 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 47 endemic)
95 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 55 endemic)
271 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 70 endemic)
3170 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1699 endemic)
39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
17434 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9311 endemic)
24 Microspecies (of them endemic)
2194 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good])

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia (1982 ff., 29 vols. published, about 60% complete, the rest will be published online as e-flora); Flora of Victoria (1993-1999, 4 vols., complete); Flora of New South Wales (2000-2002, 2 vols. published); Flora of the Darwin region (Dunlop et al., 1995, 59 families published); Floodplain Flora (Cowie et al., eds., about 30 families published); Flora of South Eastern Queensland (1983-1989, 3 vols.); Flora of South Australia (5th ed., 2011 ff., published in familiy accounts online); The Student's Flora of Tasmania (2nd ed., 1993-1994, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Australia, Volume 48 (1998); Flora of South Australia (Jessop & Toelken 1986); The Ferns of Tasmania (Garrett 1997); Ferns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia (Duncan & Isaac 1994); Flora of Victoria, Vol. 2 (Walsh & Entwistle, ed., 1994)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989); Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987); A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960); Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990); Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998); The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995); Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989); Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001)
more species list checklist Ashmore Reef & Cartier Isl. ASH 1 ++17160
17All Species
16Indigenous Species
16Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 49 (Oceanic Islands 1) (1994)
more species list checklist Lord Howe Isl. LHI 154 ++5002802
500All Species
280Indigenous Species
280Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
45 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
168 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Norfolk Isl. (incl. Philip Isl.) NFK 39 ++4501942
450All Species
194Indigenous Species
194Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
110 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
256 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
NEW ZEALAND (51)
more species list checklist New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl., Snares Isl., excl. remote islands) NZL 270.000 ++39992268166
3999All Species
2268Indigenous Species
2249Indigenous Species except Microspecies
166Endemic Species
166Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
193 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
21 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
402 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1634 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 130 endemic)
19 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1731 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete); The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand (Fineran 1969); Flora of New Zealand [eFloraNZ] (2014 ff., 7 + 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand - Lycophytes [eFloraNZ] (2014-2021, 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Kermadec Isl. KER 36 ++1481070
148All Species
107Indigenous Species
107Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
41 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
49 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Kermadec Islands Flora: An annotated checklist (Sykes 1977); New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Chatham Isl. CTM 963 ++8004221
800All Species
422Indigenous Species
420Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
100 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
218 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
378 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of vascular plants recorded from Chatham Islands (De Lange et al. 2011); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey et al. 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Antipodes Isl. ATP 60 ++65650
65All Species
65Indigenous Species
65Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Auckland Isl. AUC 551 ++2481770
248All Species
177Indigenous Species
177Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
102 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
PACIFIC (6)
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC (60)
more species list checklist Santa Cruz Isl. (Vanikoro, etc.) SCZ 815 o3403092
340All Species
309Indigenous Species
309Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
96 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
55 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
144 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)
more species list checklist New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Loyalty Isl., Ile Art) NWC 19.058 +38933354294
3893All Species
3354Indigenous Species
3354Indigenous Species except Microspecies
294Endemic Species
294Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
295 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 20 endemic)
41 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic)
109 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
474 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 41 endemic)
2435 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 199 endemic)
539 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

www.endemia.nc

Most recent flora

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (1967-2021, 27 vols. published [approx. 45%], to be continued); Flore Ornementale de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Gatéble & Neaoutyine 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 3 (Brownlie 1969)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977); Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995); Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13)
more species list checklist Vanuatu VAN 12.190 o1640127310
1640All Species
1273Indigenous Species
1273Indigenous Species except Microspecies
10Endemic Species
10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
329 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
276 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
633 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
367 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vanuatu National Herbarium (PVNH) (Chanel et al. 2017)

Most recent flora

Remarkable Plants of Vanuatu (Ramon et al. 2015, field guide); A Guide to the Common Trees of Vanuatu (Wheatley 1992); Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)
more species list checklist Rotuma Isl. ROT 43 +4862160
486All Species
216Indigenous Species
216Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
146 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
270 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names (McClatchley et al. 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Rotuma Island, a Descriptive Manual (St. John 1954)
more species list checklist Tonga TON 750 o7995322
799All Species
532Indigenous Species
532Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
94 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
99 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
321 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
267 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Plants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959); The vegetation of Late, Tonga (Sykes 1981); Rain forest vegetation of 'Eua Island (Drake et al. 1996); The rare plants of Tonga (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of 'Eua, Southern Tonga (Sykes 1978); New or noteworthy ferns from the Tongan Islands (Iwatsuki 1963)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Niue Isl. NUE 264 o5612130
561All Species
213Indigenous Species
213Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
149 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
348 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943, outdated); Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Fiji FIJ 18.376 ++2503168141
2503All Species
1681Indigenous Species
1681Indigenous Species except Microspecies
41Endemic Species
41Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
85 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
292 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
983 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
822 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Vitiensis nova (A.C. Smith, 1971-1996, 5 vols. + Index, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Fiji (Brownlie 1977); A revised Checklist of Fijian ferns and lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991)
more species list checklist Wallis & Futuna WAL 177 +2572470
257All Species
247Indigenous Species
247Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
48 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

The vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971)

Most recent flora

Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985); Guide des Plants de Wallis et Futuna (Meyer 2018)
more species list checklist American Samoa (Tutuila, Manua Isl. [Ofu, Olosega, Ta'u]) ASA 197 ++7305151
730All Species
515Indigenous Species
515Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
151 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
98 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
251 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); A study of the rare plants of American Samoa (Whistler 1998); Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist [Western] Samoa ('Upolu, Savai'i, Aleipata Isl., Manono Isl. etc.) SAM 2.831 ++10397633
1039All Species
763Indigenous Species
763Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
231 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
23 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
140 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
369 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
276 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa (Whistler 1983); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.) TUV 26 +161550
161All Species
55Indigenous Species
55Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
42 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Tuvalu (Thaman 2016); Vegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985)
more species list checklist Tokelau Isl. (incl. Swains Isl.) TOK 14 +106530
106All Species
53Indigenous Species
53Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971); The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983)
more species list checklist Phoenix Islands (Kiribati p. p.) PHX 42 +82380
82All Species
38Indigenous Species
38Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
44 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994)
more species list checklist Gilbert Islands (Kiribati p. p.) GIL 311 +212900
212All Species
90Indigenous Species
90Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
67 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
122 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, checklist (Fosberg & Sachet 1987); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992)
more species list checklist Banaba (Ocean Isl., Kiribati p. p.) OCE 6 +71290
71All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants, Vegetation and Ethnobotany of Banaba (Ocean Islands) (Thaman & Samuelu 2016)
more species list checklist Nauru NRU 21 ++126470
126All Species
47Indigenous Species
47Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992); The Flora of Nauru (Thaman et al. 1994)
more species list checklist Pacific Equatorial Sporades (incl. Howland Isl., Baker Isl.) HBI 5 o110
1All Species
1Indigenous Species
1Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
SOUTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (61)
more species list checklist Line Isl. (Kiribati p. p., incl. Christmas Isl. = Kiritimati) LIN 757 +180560
180All Species
56Indigenous Species
56Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985)

Most recent flora

Notes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971); Vegetation History of Washington Island (Teraina), Northern Line Islands (Wester et al. 1992); Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 1962); Flora of Kiritimati (Christmas) Atoll, Northern Line Islands (Thaman & Tye 2015)
more species list checklist Cook Isl. (incl. Rarotonga) COO 230 ++8603310
860All Species
331Indigenous Species
331Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
105 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
175 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
529 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cook Islands (Sykes 2016)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist Marquesas Isl. MRQ 1.020 ++5683427
568All Species
342Indigenous Species
342Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
197 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
226 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/

Most recent flora

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019/2020, complete in 2 vols.); Guide floristique - Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou (Butaud 2014); Guide floristique - Niva Oa, Tahuata, Fatuiva (Butaud 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1
more species list checklist Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Makatea, etc.) SCI 1.628 ++124764723
1247All Species
647Indigenous Species
646Indigenous Species except Microspecies
23Endemic Species
23Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic)
20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
73 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
350 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
600 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998); Botanique de l'ile de Tupai (Sachet 1983); Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae (Grant & Fosberg 1974)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Society Islands (Copeland 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998)
more species list checklist Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.) GBI 450 +93510
93All Species
51Indigenous Species
51Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
39 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Census of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988)

Most recent flora

La vegetation des iles Gambier (Huguenin 1974); Chock & Hamilton (1962); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Gambier - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Tuamotu Arch. (excl. Gambier Isl.) TUA 450 +3111320
311All Species
132Indigenous Species
132Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
100 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
179 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flora of Maupiti (Fosberg & Sachet 19??); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Atolls soulevés des Tuamotu (Polynésie francaise) Butaud & Jacq 2009); Tuamotu de l'ouest - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013); Tuamotu du centre - Guide floristique (Butaud 2010); Tuamotu de l'est - Guide Floristique (Butaud 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae, Rapa Iti) AUI 148 +6033570
603All Species
357Indigenous Species
357Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
99 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
209 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
246 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Les Orchidees du Tubuai, suives d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des Iles Australes (Hallé 1980)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae (Australes) (Butaud 2014); Rapa, iles australis - Guide floristique (Meyer 2011); Terrestrial biodiversity of the Austral Islands (Meyer & Claridge 2014)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Les orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980); Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Pitcairn Isl. (incl. Oeno Atoll) PIT 6 +165870
165All Species
87Indigenous Species
87Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987); List of the flora of Oeno Atoll (St. John & Philipson 1960)

Most recent flora

Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The pteridophyte flora of Pitcairn Island (Brownlie 1961); Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll) HEN 37 ++67640
67All Species
64Indigenous Species
64Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987)

Most recent flora

Henderson Island (Southeast Polynesia): Summary of current knowledge (Fosberg et al. 1983); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Ducie Atoll (Rehder & Rantall 1975)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist Easter Island (Rapa Nui) EAS 180 +169430
169All Species
43Indigenous Species
43Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
126 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991); Plantas de Rapa Nui. Guia Ilustrada (Dubois 2013)
NORTH WEST PACIFIC (62)
more species list checklist Minami-Torishima (Marcus Isl.) MCU 2 -22100
22All Species
10Indigenous Species
10Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

An Ecological Perspective of Marcus Island (Sakagami 1961)
more species list checklist Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, Western Carolines) PLU 516 o10936997
1093All Species
699Indigenous Species
699Indigenous Species except Microspecies
7Endemic Species
7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
122 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
175 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
387 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
394 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993)
more species list checklist Northern Marianas MRN 464 +6763460
676All Species
346Indigenous Species
346Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
61 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
219 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
330 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Vascular flora of the northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al. 1975-1980)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Guam GUM 540 +10333980
1033All Species
398Indigenous Species
398Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
93 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
238 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
635 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guam (Stone 1970)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist Federal States of Micronesia (Central and Eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae) MIC 702 +119566912
1195All Species
669Indigenous Species
669Indigenous Species except Microspecies
12Endemic Species
12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
141 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
150 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
363 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
526 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Pohnpei (Herrera et al. 2010); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg); The Endemic Plants of Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Commentary (Costion & Laurence 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993); Flora of Ponape (Glassmann 1952); Trees of Yap. A Field Guide (Cushing Falanruw 2016)
more species list checklist Marshall Isl. MRS 174 o4541070
454All Species
107Indigenous Species
107Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
86 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
347 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vascular Plants recorded from Jaluit Atoll (Fosberg & Sachet 1962); A review of the natural history of the Marshall Islands (Fosberg 1990); Vegetation of Bikini Atoll (Fosberg 1988); The Vascular Plants of Majuro Atoll (van der Velde 2003); Flora of Rongelap and Ailinginae Atolls (Releford 2009)
more species list checklist Wake Isl. WAK 8 o109330
109All Species
33Indigenous Species
33Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
76 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)

Most recent flora

Vegetation and flora of Wake Island (Fosberg 1959); Wake Island vegetation and flora, 1961-1963 (Fosberg & Sachet 1969)
NORTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (63)
more species list checklist Hawaii (incl. Johnston Atoll, Midway Isl.) HAW 16.729 ++24101239120
2410All Species
1239Indigenous Species
1238Indigenous Species except Microspecies
120Endemic Species
120Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
173 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 37 endemic)
27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
98 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
941 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 64 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1171 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Hawaiian Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada, ed., 2012); Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada et al., 2019)

Most recent flora

Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2., rev. ed., 2 vols., Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000); Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates (Wagner et al. 2012); Common Plants of Midway Atoll (Holthuijzen 2017); Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll (Starr & Starr 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Hawai’i (Valier 1995)
NORTH AMERICA (7)
ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA (70)
more species list checklist Alaska (incl. Aleutes) ASK 1.530.000 ++155913574
1559All Species
1357Indigenous Species
1353Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
83 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
273 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
984 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
202 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories (Hulten 1968); Flora of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1960); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Greenland GNL 2.175.600 ++5364371
536All Species
437Indigenous Species
430Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
301 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the vascular plants of Greenland (2nd ed., Holmen 1968); A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980)

Most recent flora

The Flora of Greenland (2nd ed., Böcher et al. 1968); The flowering plants of Greenland (Jorgensen et al. 1958) [see also Flora of North America]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
CANADA (70-72)
more species list checklist Canada CDN 9.970.610 ++5036393617
5036All Species
3936Indigenous Species
3920Indigenous Species except Microspecies
17Endemic Species
17Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
177 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
28 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
738 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2963 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
16 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1100 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

The flora of Canada (Scoggan 1978, 1979, 4 vols.); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 20 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Les fougeres et les plantes alliees du Canada (Cody & Britton 1989); Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist St. Pierre & Miquelon SPM 242 ++5194091
519All Species
409Indigenous Species
408Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
141 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
217 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
110 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Atlas of the vascular plants of the island of Newfoundland and of the island of St. Pierre et Miquelon (Rouleau & Lamoureux 1992)

Most recent flora

Les plantes vasculaires des iles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (LeGallo 1954) [see also Flora of North America and some Canadian regional floras]

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
USA (73-78)
more species list checklist USA (Lower 48 States) USA 8.262.426 ++18977156561669
18977All Species
15656Indigenous Species
15506Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1669Endemic Species
1664Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
8.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
446 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 34 endemic)
76 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
115 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
2028 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 188 endemic)
5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12986 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1430 endemic)
150 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic)
3321 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)

Most recent flora

Flora of North America (1993 - 2023, 22 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras - see subpage "Literature").

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist Bermuda BER 53 +2151370
215All Species
137Indigenous Species
137Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
86 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Bermuda (Britton 1918, very outdated)
MEXICO (79)
more species list checklist Mexico MEX 1.964.382 +25248241873594
25248All Species
24187Indigenous Species
24179Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3594Endemic Species
3594Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
14.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1052 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 93 endemic)
144 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 56 endemic)
612 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 30 endemic)
3763 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 791 endemic)
18616 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2624 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1061 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico (Villasenor 2016); numerous state checklists (Listados Floristicos de Mexico)

Most recent flora

Numerous regional floras, especially: Flora de Aguascalientes (1982 ff., few volumes published), Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Flora of Chiapas (1981 ff., 6 vols. published); Flora of Bajío y de regiones adyacentes (Rzedowski et al., 1991 ff., 236 vols. published); Flora de Guerrero (1989 ff., 95 vols. published); Flora de Jalisco y areas colindantes (27 vols. published), Flora Novo-Galiciana (McVaugh et al., 1974 ff., 9 vols. published); Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (1993 ff., 181 vols. published); Flora de Veracruz (1978 ff., 193 vols. published); Flora Mesoamericana (southern Mexico only, 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004); Flora Novo-Galiciana, Volume 17 (McVaugh 1992); Pteridophytes. Flora of Chiapas, part 2 (Smith 1981); Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico (Mickel & Beitel 1988); Ferns and fern allies of Chihuahua, Mexico (Knobloch & Correll 1962); Listados floristicos de Mexico. IX. Flora de Durango (Elizondo et al. 1991); Flora de Mexico, Volume 6, parts 1-3: Pteridophyta (1993-1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988); Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003)
more species list checklist Isla Guadalupe GLP 244 ++2001510
200All Species
151Indigenous Species
151Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico (Moran 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988)
more species list checklist Revillagigedo Isl. (incl. Socorro Isl.) RGI 157 +1871530
187All Species
153Indigenous Species
153Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
122 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

The vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)
TROPICAL AMERICA (8)
CENTRAL AMERICA (80)
more species list checklist Guatemala GUA 108.889 o8202789961
8202All Species
7899Indigenous Species
7895Indigenous Species except Microspecies
61Endemic Species
61Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
730 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
307 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
1747 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 39 endemic)
5092 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora of Guatemala (Standley, ed., 1958-1977, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala, pt. 1-3 (Stolze 1976-83)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998)
more species list checklist Belize BLZ 22.965 +365934062
3659All Species
3406Indigenous Species
3405Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2Endemic Species
2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
275 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
127 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
712 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2284 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
253 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick et al. 2000)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000); Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988)
more species list checklist El Salvador ELS 21.041 o312028750
3120All Species
2875Indigenous Species
2875Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
379 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
86 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
655 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1745 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
245 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); An Annotated Checklist of the Monilophytes (Ferns) and Lycophytes of El Salvador (Monterrosa & Monro 2008); Una guia taxonomica para helechos de El Salvador (Seiler 1980); Listado de la flora Salvadorensis / Pteridophyta (Pfeiffer-Berendsohn 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981)
more species list checklist Honduras HON 112.492 +7585663719
7585All Species
6637Indigenous Species
6637Indigenous Species except Microspecies
19Endemic Species
19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
657 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
262 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1354 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
4341 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
948 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, espermatofitas (Nelson Sutherland et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns and Lycophytes of Honduras: A new annotated checklist (J. D. Reyes et al. 2021); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus. Pteridophyta (Sutherland et al. 1996)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft)
more species list checklist Nicaragua NIC 129.494 ++632558773
6325All Species
5877Indigenous Species
5876Indigenous Species except Microspecies
3Endemic Species
3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
613 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
183 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1345 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3725 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
448 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora of Nicaragua (Stevens et al., eds.) (2001-2009, 4 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 4 (Helechos) (Gomez & Arbelaez 2009)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985); Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001)
more species list checklist Costa Rica (except Isla del Coco) COS 51.060 ++1110110467252
11101All Species
10467Indigenous Species
10466Indigenous Species except Microspecies
252Endemic Species
252Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1170 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 33 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
704 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 44 endemic)
2871 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 133 endemic)
5710 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
634 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora Costaricensis (Burger, ed., 1971, 10 vols. published, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999); Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992); Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002); Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Hammel et al., ed., 2003)
more species list checklist Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.) COC 40 ++1731594
173All Species
159Indigenous Species
159Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Preliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966)

Most recent flora

Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of ca. 10 volumes published, plus numerous drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The ferns and fern-allies of Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Gomez 1975) [= Contribuciones a la pteridologia costarricense. VII. Pteridofita de la Isla de Cocos]
more species list checklist Panama PAN 75.517 +102279803198
10227All Species
9803Indigenous Species
9802Indigenous Species except Microspecies
198Endemic Species
198Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
1.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
964 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 10 endemic)
23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
550 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
2857 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 124 endemic)
5409 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
424 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Flora of Panama, vol. 1: The introduction and checklist (d'Arcy 1987)

Most recent flora

Flora of Panama (d'Arcy 1943-1980, 9 parts in 21 vols. published, incomplete), Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

An updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama (Bogarin et al. 2014); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980)
more species list checklist Clipperton Isl. CLI 30 +32130
32All Species
13Indigenous Species
13Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Flora and vegetation of Clipperton Island (Sachet 1962); Flora and Vegetation of Clipperton (La Passion) Atoll (Jost et al. 2019)
more species list checklist Isla Malpelo MAL 1 ++0
All Species
0Indigenous Species
0Indigenous Species except Microspecies
Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)

Most recent flora

Flora terreste de la isla Malpelo (Colombia) (Gonzalez-Roman et al. 2014); The biological investigation of Malpelo Island (Graham 1975)
CARIBBEAN (81)
more species list checklist Bahamas BAH 13.939 ++133510654
1335All Species
1065Indigenous Species
1064Indigenous Species except Microspecies
4Endemic Species
4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
175 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
832 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
270 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982); Endemic Seed Plants in the Bahamian Archipelago (Freid et al. 2014); Vascular flora of Andros Island, Bahamas (Nickrent et al. 2008)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae (Sauleda & Adams). - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)
more species list checklist Turks & Caicos Isl. TCI 430 ++4173640
417All Species
364Indigenous Species
364Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
308 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Sauleda & Adams 197
more species list checklist Cuba CUB 114.525 +(+)69006030311
6900All Species
6030Indigenous Species
6030Indigenous Species except Microspecies
311Endemic Species
311Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
4.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
558 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 23 endemic)
11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
138 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
931 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 61 endemic)
4392 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 222 endemic)
870 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Base de datos de especímenes de la flora de Cuba : con mapas de distribución, Versión 4.0 - 2008

Most recent flora

Flora de la Republica de Cuba (1998 ff., 27 vols. published); Flora de Cuba (Leon & Alain 1946-1962, outdated)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Lista de los helechos y licofitos de Cuba (Sanchez 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988); Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Cayman Isl. CAY 262 ++7085441
708All Species
544Indigenous Species
544Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
90 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
423 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
164 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984); Orquideas de las Islas Cayman (Adams 1971)
more species list checklist Jamaica JAM 10.991 ++3731302025
3731All Species
3020Indigenous Species
3020Indigenous Species except Microspecies
25Endemic Species
25Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
563 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
84 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
516 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1853 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
711 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flowering plants of Jamaica (Adams 1972); Flora of Jamaica (Warner 2007)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Jamaica (Proctor 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995); A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966); Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti) HIS 76.200 +(+)59424978128
5942All Species
4978Indigenous Species
4978Indigenous Species except Microspecies
128Endemic Species
128Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
636 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 10 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
158 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
757 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 36 endemic)
3422 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 78 endemic)
964 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Hispaniola (Liogier, ed.) (1981 ff., 9 vols. published, mostly complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist Navassa Isl. NAV 5 +1391060
139All Species
106Indigenous Species
106Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
89 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
33 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Navassa Island and its flora. 2. Checklist of the vascular plants (Zanoni & Buck 1999)
more species list checklist Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Desecheo Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.) PUE 8.959 +(+)3309235711
3309All Species
2357Indigenous Species
2356Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
368 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
76 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
394 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1514 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
952 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Liogier (1982)

Most recent flora

Flora of Puerto Rico (Liogier, ed., 1985-1997, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995); An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John), British Virgin Islands (Anegada, Virgin Gorda, Tortola, Jost Van Dyke Isl., Peter Isl., Salt Isl.) VIR 495 +158310701
1583All Species
1070Indigenous Species
1069Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
29 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
151 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
828 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
513 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Annotated checklist of the dicotyledons of Tortola (d'Arcy 1967)); An Environmental Profile of the Island of Tortola, Addendum I, Preliminary List of Species (Lindsay 2015); Monocotyledons ang Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong 2005)

Most recent flora

Flora of Virgin Gorda (Little et al. 1971); The flora of the American Virgin Islands (Britton 1918); Flora of St. John (Proctor in Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. 1996); The island of Anegada and its flora (D'Arcy 1971)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995)
more species list checklist Anguilla AGU 70 ++3392600
339All Species
260Indigenous Species
260Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
236 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla (Walker 2005)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Maarten (St. Martin) STM 86 ++5144090
514All Species
409Indigenous Species
409Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
352 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
105 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Barthelemy (St. Barts) SBA 21 ++4443490
444All Species
349Indigenous Species
349Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
23 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
313 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
95 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

The flora of the island of St. Bartholomew and its origin (Questel 1941); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Saba SAB 13 ++5584270
558All Species
427Indigenous Species
427Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
49 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
305 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
131 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Eustatius STE 21 ++4533530
453All Species
353Indigenous Species
353Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
272 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
100 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Kitts & Nevis STK 269 ++8196670
819All Species
667Indigenous Species
667Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
133 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
84 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
426 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977); A revised list of pteridophytes from St. Kitts (Proctor 1962)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Antigua and Barbuda (incl. Redonda Isl.) ABA 441 ++9777650
977All Species
765Indigenous Species
765Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
34 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
26 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
96 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
609 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
212 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Montserrat MTS 102 ++9077100
907All Species
710Indigenous Species
710Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
119 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
486 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
197 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade, Les Saintes) GDL 1.600 ++205816380
2058All Species
1638Indigenous Species
1638Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
291 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
56 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1009 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
420 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978); Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001)
more species list checklist Dominica DOM 750 ++145111971
1451All Species
1197Indigenous Species
1196Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
196 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
40 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
206 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
753 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Dominica (Hodge 1954, Nicolson 1991); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954)
more species list checklist Martinique MAR 1.102 ++189414711
1894All Species
1471Indigenous Species
1471Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
225 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
50 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
245 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
949 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
423 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Lucia STL 616 ++144611290
1446All Species
1129Indigenous Species
1129Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
119 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
44 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
177 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
787 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
317 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist St. Vincent and the Grenadines STV 389 ++135711070
1357All Species
1107Indigenous Species
1107Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
142 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
756 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
250 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist Grenada GRE 344 ++11009220
1100All Species
922Indigenous Species
922Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
152 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
21 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
150 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
598 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
178 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25)
more species list checklist Barbados BBD 430 ++8565820
856All Species
582Indigenous Species
582Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
62 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
475 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
274 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)

Most recent flora

Flora of Barbados (Gooding et al., 1965); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965)
more species list checklist Trinidad & Tobago TRT 5.048 +348323561
3483All Species
2356Indigenous Species
2355Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
295 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
69 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
492 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1497 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1127 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago (Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016)

Most recent flora

Flora of Trinidad & Tobago - Williams, R. O. et al. (1928-1979, mostly complete, plus additional volumes until 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Checklist of the pteridophytes of Trinidad & Tobago (Baksh-Comeau 2000)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960)
more species list checklist Aruba ARU 179 +3342720
334All Species
272Indigenous Species
272Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
235 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Bonaire BON 288 +3693010
369All Species
301Indigenous Species
301Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
41 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
255 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist Curacao CUR 444 +5154290
515All Species
429Indigenous Species
429Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
360 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist San Andres y Providencia SWC 43 o3032970
303All Species
297Indigenous Species
297Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
36 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
251 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA (82)
more species list checklist Colombia CLM 1.141.748 +25874248032045
25874All Species
24803Indigenous Species
24802Indigenous Species except Microspecies
2045Endemic Species
2045Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1746 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 84 endemic)
40 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
1199 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 85 endemic)
7606 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1198 endemic)
14212 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 674 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1071 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (Bernal, Gradstein & Celis, eds., 2015)

Most recent flora

Flora de Colombia (1983 ff., 32 vols. published, very incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989); Helechos y plantas afines de Colombia (Murillo-Pulido 1990); Flora de Colombia, Vol. 9: Pteridophyta 1 (Murillo-Pulido 1988)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia (Szlachetko et al., 2017 ff., 3 volumes published); Native Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98); Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist]; Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21)
more species list checklist Venezuela (incl. Isla Margarita) VEN 912.050 +1656815943592
16568All Species
15943Indigenous Species
15942Indigenous Species except Microspecies
592Endemic Species
592Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1261 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 64 endemic)
29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
607 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 20 endemic)
3625 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 224 endemic)
10421 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 284 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
625 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Nuevo Catalogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela (Hokche, Berry & Huber, eds., 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of Venezuela (Lasser et al., eds., 1968-1989, 24 parts published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora de Venezuela, Vol. 1 + 2 (Helechos) (Vareschi 1968-69); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 2 (1995)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Venezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.); Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003)
more species list checklist Guyana (British Guyana) GUY 214.969 +6440619040
6440All Species
6190Indigenous Species
6190Indigenous Species except Microspecies
40Endemic Species
40Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
540 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
200 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1424 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
4020 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
250 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Surinam SUR 163.265 +4656443111
4656All Species
4431Indigenous Species
4431Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
326 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
163 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1052 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2886 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic)
225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The Pteridophytes of Suriname (Kramer 1978)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986)
more species list checklist French Guiana FRG 83.534 +5094489124
5094All Species
4891Indigenous Species
4891Indigenous Species except Microspecies
24Endemic Species
24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
341 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
201 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1096 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
3249 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
203 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori 1997, 2 vols.); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist Ecuador ECU 272.045 +(+)19159184891501
19159All Species
18489Indigenous Species
18486Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1501Endemic Species
1501Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
7.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1531 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 64 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
867 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 39 endemic)
6595 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1107 endemic)
9478 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 291 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
670 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999); Supplements by Ulloa Ulloa & Neill (2005); Neill & Ulloa Ulloa (2011)

Most recent flora

Flora of Ecuador (1973 ff., 97 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 9 (Garay 1979); Native Ecuadorian orchids (Dodson & Escobar 1994, Dodson 2001); Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 76: Orchidaceae. Genera Aa - Cyrtidiorchis.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 84: Orchidaceae. Masdevallia and Affiliates.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2010): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 87: Orchidaceae. Genera Cyrtochiloides - Epibator.
more species list checklist Galapagos Isl. GAL 7.844 +(+)7856545
785All Species
654Indigenous Species
654Indigenous Species except Microspecies
5Endemic Species
5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
117 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
471 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
131 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999)

Most recent flora

Flora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971); Flowering Plants of the Galapagos (McMullen 1999, Field Guide)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The orchids of the Galapagos Islands (Luer 1972)
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA (83)
more species list checklist Peru PER 1.280.000 +20887203121420
20887All Species
20312Indigenous Species
20310Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1420Endemic Species
1420Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
6.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1289 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 35 endemic)
20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1236 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 158 endemic)
4700 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 499 endemic)
13067 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 728 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
575 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993)

Most recent flora

Flora of Peru (1936 - 1995, 27 vols. published, mostly outdated); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Pteridophyta of Peru, pt. 1-6 (Tryon & Stolze 1989-94)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Icones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series); Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.)
more species list checklist Bolivia BOL 1.098.581 +1544714582339
15447All Species
14582Indigenous Species
14582Indigenous Species except Microspecies
339Endemic Species
339Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
2.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1194 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 37 endemic)
18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
467 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
2913 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 103 endemic)
9990 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 190 endemic)
865 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia (Jorgensen et al. 2014)

Most recent flora

Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Prodromus of a Fern Flora of Bolivia (Smith & Kessler 2016 ff., over 30 parts, complete)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000); Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003); Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993)
BRAZIL (84)
more species list checklist Brazil BRA 8.547.404 +36784361819036
36784All Species
36181Indigenous Species
36180Indigenous Species except Microspecies
9036Endemic Species
9036Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
24.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1420 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 214 endemic)
27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1241 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 216 endemic)
8448 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3364 endemic)
25045 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 5242 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
603 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br)

Most recent flora

Many regional floras (all incomplete), especially: Flora d Bahia (ca. 85 families and groups published); Flora do Ceara (2013 ff., ca. 30 families and groups published); Flora do Sergipe (2 vols., 2013, 2015), Flora dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins (1981 ff., 51 families and groups published); Flora do Distrito Federal (2001 ff., 11 families published); Flora Ecologia de Restingas do Sudeste do Brazil (1965-1978, 22 families published); Flora do Rio de Janeiro (2017 ff., 24 families published); Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais (134 families published); Flora Fanerogamica da Ilha do Cardoso (1991 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora ilustrata do Rio Grande do Sul (1955-1992, 22 vols. published); Flora ilustrada Catarinense (Reitz, ed., 1967 ff., 184 parts published); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing); Especies Arboreas Brasileiras (Carvalho 2003-2014, 5 vols. published); Arvores Brasileiras (Lorenzi 2009, 3 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Flora Brasileira: Orquideas 1 (A-L), 2 (M-Z) (CD-ROM, Campacci 2000); Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br); Orchidaceae Brasilienses (Pabst & Dungs 1975-77); Icones Orchidacearum Brasilienses (Castro & Campacci, Vol. 1, 2001)
more species list checklist Fernando Noronha Isl. FNI 26 -30290
30All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent flora

Terrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included]
more species list checklist Ilha da Trindade ITR 11 o15150
15All Species
15Indigenous Species
15Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent flora

Ilha da Trindade & Arquipelago Martin Vaz (Alves 1998)
TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA (85)
more species list checklist Paraguay PAR 406.752 +5186502534
5186All Species
5025Indigenous Species
5025Indigenous Species except Microspecies
34Endemic Species
34Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
258 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
92 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
705 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
3969 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic)
161 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay (Pena Chocarro & de Egea 2018)

Most recent flora

Flora de Paraguay (1983 ff., 52 vols. plus Key published, still incomplete)
more species list checklist Uruguay URU 176.215 +2836251011
2836All Species
2510Indigenous Species
2510Indigenous Species except Microspecies
11Endemic Species
11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
113 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
397 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
1975 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
326 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora Montevidensis (Lombardo 1982-1984, 3 vols.); Flora del Uruguay (1958-1972, only 4 vols. published)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora de Uruguay, Vol. 1 Pteridophyta (Legrand & Lombardo 1958)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

Orchidaceae. - In: Flora del Uruguay (Herter 1949)
more species list checklist Argentina ARG 2.780.400 +101019238300
10101All Species
9238Indigenous Species
9235Indigenous Species except Microspecies
300Endemic Species
300Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
394 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
104 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1247 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 51 endemic)
7478 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 243 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
863 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de la Republica Argentina (2 vols., Zuloaga et al. 1996)

Most recent flora

Flora de Argentina (Anton & Zuloaga, dir., 2012 ff., 14 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Fanerogamica Argentina (online, 87 parts published). Various regional floras, most important: Flora Patagonica (1971-1998, 7 parts in 8 vols.); Flora de Mendoza (2009 ff., 10 families published); Flora de San Juan (2003 ff., 4 vols. published); Flora Rioplatense (7 parts published); Flora del Valle de Lerma (176 families published); Biota Rioplatense (1997-2005, 11 parts published)
more species list checklist Chile (excl. Juan Fdz. Isl.) CLE 756.626 +49404276288
4940All Species
4276Indigenous Species
4269Indigenous Species except Microspecies
288Endemic Species
288Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
5.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
116 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
565 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 120 endemic)
3565 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 166 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
664 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018); Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flora de Chile (1995 ff., 5 vols. published, about 50 % complete); numerous regional floras and field guides
more species list checklist Desventuradas Isl. DSV 30 +(+)51350
51All Species
35Indigenous Species
35Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
16 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018)

Most recent flora

The flora of San Felix Island (Johnston 1931); Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998)
more species list checklist Juan Fernandez Isl. JNF 181 +4622471
462All Species
247Indigenous Species
246Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
33 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
153 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018); Catalogue of the vascular flora of the Robinson Crusoe or Juan Fernandez Islands (Marticorena 1998); Nouveau catalogue de la flore fasculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Danton 2013, with corrections and additions 2017)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Helechos de Juan Fernandez (Barrera Moscoso 1997)
ANTARCTIC (9)
SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS (90)
more species list checklist Macquarie Isl. MAQ 123 ++54470
54All Species
47Indigenous Species
47Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Campbell Isl. CMP 137 ++1401280
140All Species
128Indigenous Species
128Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
23 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
23 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
82 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)

Additional Reference Literature for Orchids

The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist Heard & McDonald Isl. HMD 372 +13120
13All Species
12Indigenous Species
12Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
12 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist Marion & Prince Edward Isl. MPE 335 +37250
37All Species
25Indigenous Species
25Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

An update on the indigenous vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island (Chau et al. 2020)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Ile Amsterdam & St. Paul Isl. ASP 67 +39390
39All Species
39Indigenous Species
39Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

La flore de l’île Amsterdam, état des lieux des connaissances. - Saboureau, F. (2023), Carnets botaniques no. 137. 40 p.

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Iles Crozet CRZ 300 +20200
20All Species
20Indigenous Species
20Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
11 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Iles Kerguélen KEG 6.993 +40290
40All Species
29Indigenous Species
29Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
19 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
11 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist Falkland Isl. FAL 12.173 +2591690
259All Species
169Indigenous Species
169Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
32 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
116 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)

Most recent flora

Flowering Plants of the Falkland Islands (Woods 2000); The vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Moore 1968); The non-native vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Broughton & McAdam 2002); Field Guide to the Plants of the Falkland Islands (Heller et al. 2019)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

The current status and distribution of the Falkland islands pteridophyte flora (Broughton & MacAdam 2003)
more species list checklist Tristan da Cunha (incl. Gough Island, Nightingale Isl., Inaccessible Island) TDC 202 o178981
178All Species
98Indigenous Species
98Indigenous Species except Microspecies
1Endemic Species
1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
39 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
45 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

Vegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992)

Most recent flora

The terrestrial botany of the Tristan da Cunha Islands (Wace & Dixon 1965); Vegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992)

Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes

Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist South Georgia Isl. SGE 3.756 ++78250
78All Species
25Indigenous Species
25Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
14 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)

Most recent flora

The Vascular Flora of South Georgia (Greene 1964); Survey for baseline information on introduced vascular plants: South Georgia (Osborne et al. 2009)
more species list checklist South Sandwich Isl. SSA 310 ++220
2All Species
2Indigenous Species
2Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
more species list checklist South Orkney Isl. SOI 622 ++220
2All Species
2Indigenous Species
2Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
more species list checklist South Shetland Isl. SSI 4.700 ++220
2All Species
2Indigenous Species
2Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
ANTARCTIC CONTINENT (91)
more species list checklist Antarctic continent ANT 13.200.000 +220
2All Species
2Indigenous Species
2Indigenous Species except Microspecies
0Endemic Species
0Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies)
0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies)
2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)

Most recent checklist

Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)