Country or Region | Code | Surface Area (km²) | Status Checklist | All Species | Indigenous Species | Endemics | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EUROPE (1) | |||||||
NORTHERN EUROPE (10) | |||||||
more | Iceland | ICE | 103.000 | ++ | 793 | 732 | 255 |
793All Species 732Indigenous Species 428Indigenous Species except Microspecies 255Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 36 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
133 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
555 Dicotyledons (of them 253 endemic)
304 Microspecies (of them 249 endemic)
61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraA guide to the flowering plants and ferns of Iceland (Kristinsson 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.floraislands.is | |||||||
more | Jan Mayen Isl. | JMY | 380 | ++ | 57 | 56 | 3 |
57All Species 56Indigenous Species 51Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
41 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraThe flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Svalbard (incl. Bjornoya) | SVA | 62.160 | ++ | 196 | 188 | 1 |
196All Species 188Indigenous Species 181Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
54 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
128 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
8 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Svalbards flora (Roenning 1964); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Faeroe Isl. | FOR | 1.399 | ++ | 340 | 322 | 9 |
340All Species 322Indigenous Species 289Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 20 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
61 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
233 Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
33 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
18 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., but excl. Channel Isl. and Northern Ireland) | GRB | 244.110 | ++ | 3454 | 2610 | 687 |
3454All Species 2610Indigenous Species 1551Indigenous Species except Microspecies 687Endemic Species 120Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 79 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
358 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
48 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2117 Dicotyledons (of them 682 endemic)
1059 Microspecies (of them 567 endemic)
844 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of the British Isles (Clapham et al. 1962); New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 2002); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (Sell & Murrell 1997); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsWild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993); Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:aphotoflora.com | |||||||
more | Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland) | IRE | 70.000 | ++ | 1511 | 1212 | 24 |
1511All Species 1212Indigenous Species 964Indigenous Species except Microspecies 24Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
225 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
29 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
896 Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
248 Microspecies (of them 18 endemic)
299 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraAn Irish Flora (Webb et al. 1996); Flora of the British Isles (Clapham et al. 1962); New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora (Preston et al. 200); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (Sell & Murrell 1997); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsBritish & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976); A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) | |||||||
more | Denmark | DEN | 43.094 | + | 1947 | 1662 | 63 |
1947All Species 1662Indigenous Species 1170Indigenous Species except Microspecies 63Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 47 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
278 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
40 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1292 Dicotyledons (of them 63 endemic)
492 Microspecies (of them 61 endemic)
285 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraDansk Flora (Frederiksen et al. 2006); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Norway | NOR | 385.639 | ++ | 4210 | 3885 | 2000 |
4210All Species 3885Indigenous Species 1307Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2000Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 71 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
330 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3437 Dicotyledons (of them 2000 endemic)
2578 Microspecies (of them 2000 endemic)
325 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraDen Nya Nordiska Floran (Mossberg & Stenberg 2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Norsk og svensk flora (Lid 1963); Flora Nordica, Vol. 1 (Jonsell, ed., 2000); Nordisk fjaellflora (Nilsson 1991); Flora över Dal (Andersson 1981); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Sweden | SWE | 449.964 | ++ | 3873 | 3538 | 1235 |
3873All Species 3538Indigenous Species 1485Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1235Endemic Species 8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 63 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
371 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
44 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3051 Dicotyledons (of them 1234 endemic)
2053 Microspecies (of them 1227 endemic)
335 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraMossberg & Stenberg (2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Norsk og svensk flora (Lid 1963); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Finland | FIN | 338.144 | ++ | 2786 | 2563 | 763 |
2786All Species 2563Indigenous Species 1135Indigenous Species except Microspecies 763Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
305 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2161 Dicotyledons (of them 763 endemic)
1428 Microspecies (of them 760 endemic)
223 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular plants of Finland (Kurtto et al. 2020)Most recent floraFlora Fennica, vol. 1-3 (Lönnrotin 2002); Field Flora of Finland (Hämet-Ahti et al. 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
MIDDLE EUROPE (11) | |||||||
more | Netherlands | NET | 33.920 | ++ | 2013 | 1671 | 45 |
2013All Species 1671Indigenous Species 1234Indigenous Species except Microspecies 45Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 44 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
292 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
45 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1284 Dicotyledons (of them 45 endemic)
437 Microspecies (of them 45 endemic)
342 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraHeukels Flora van Nederland (23. Aufl., Mejden et al. 2005); De Nederlandse Oecologische Flora (5 vols., Weeda 2003); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.verspreidingsatlas.nl; http://www.floravannederland.nl/planten/; http://www.wilde-planten.nl/ | |||||||
more | Belgium | BGM | 30.688 | ++ | 2040 | 1650 | 15 |
2040All Species 1650Indigenous Species 1362Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 55 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
309 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
51 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1228 Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
288 Microspecies (of them 15 endemic)
390 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAtlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972)Most recent floraNouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.plantentuinmeise.be; alienplantsbelgium.be | |||||||
more | Luxembourg | LUX | 2.586 | - | 369 | 333 | 4 |
369All Species 333Indigenous Species 248Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
32 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
291 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
85 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
36 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAtlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972) [not seen and not yet included]Most recent floraNouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012) [not seen and not yet included]; Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Germany | GER | 356.970 | ++ | 4327 | 3644 | 294 |
4327All Species 3644Indigenous Species 2437Indigenous Species except Microspecies 294Endemic Species 32Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 84 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
502 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
70 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2972 Dicotyledons (of them 285 endemic)
1207 Microspecies (of them 262 endemic)
683 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlorenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 11 (Hand et al. 2020, www.kp-buttler.de)Most recent floraIllustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes); Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen) (92. Auflage 2003, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora, ed. 8 (Oberdorfer, Begr., 2001); Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Rothmaler, Begr., 21. Aufl. 2017, ed. Jäger); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-germanica.de; www.floraweb.de | |||||||
more | Switzerland | SWI | 41.285 | ++ | 3327 | 2940 | 99 |
3327All Species 2940Indigenous Species 2395Indigenous Species except Microspecies 99Endemic Species 7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 77 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
466 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
64 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2315 Dicotyledons (of them 97 endemic)
545 Microspecies (of them 92 endemic)
387 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlora Helvetica Checklist 2017 (Juillerat et al. 2017)Most recent floraFlora Helvetica (5. Aufl., Lauber et al. 2012); Flora der Schweiz (3 vols., Hess et al. 1976-1980); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., multiple volumes); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:infoflora.ch; www.flora-germanica.de/Alpen | |||||||
more | Liechtenstein | LIE | 161 | - | 272 | 245 | 0 |
272All Species 245Indigenous Species 213Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
241 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
32 Microspecies (of them endemic)
27 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora von Liechtenstein (Waldburger et al. 2003) [not seen and not yet included]; Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-germanica.de/Alpen | |||||||
more | Austria | AUT | 83.858 | ++ | 3540 | 3148 | 98 |
3540All Species 3148Indigenous Species 2652Indigenous Species except Microspecies 98Endemic Species 33Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 75 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
512 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
67 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2476 Dicotyledons (of them 92 endemic)
496 Microspecies (of them 65 endemic)
392 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraExkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-germanica.de/Alpen; www.flora-austriaca.at; http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/ | |||||||
more | Poland | POL | 312.684 | ++ | 2946 | 2632 | 42 |
2946All Species 2632Indigenous Species 1992Indigenous Species except Microspecies 42Endemic Species 8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 66 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
415 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
46 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2091 Dicotyledons (of them 41 endemic)
640 Microspecies (of them 34 endemic)
314 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist (Mirez et al. 2002)Most recent floraFlora polska (Szafera, ed., 1919 - 1980, 14 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://www.atlas-roslin.pl/ | |||||||
more | Czech Republic | CZE | 78.866 | ++ | 2667 | 2395 | 47 |
2667All Species 2395Indigenous Species 1931Indigenous Species except Microspecies 47Endemic Species 9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 71 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
408 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
54 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1847 Dicotyledons (of them 44 endemic)
464 Microspecies (of them 38 endemic)
272 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (DANIHELKA et al. 2012)Most recent floraKlič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2005, 7 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Slovakia | SLO | 49.034 | ++ | 3265 | 2739 | 107 |
3265All Species 2739Indigenous Species 2397Indigenous Species except Microspecies 107Endemic Species 9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 68 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
462 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
56 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2136 Dicotyledons (of them 105 endemic)
342 Microspecies (of them 98 endemic)
526 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklisthttp://ibot.sav.sk/checklist/index.php (Marhold & Hindak)Most recent floraKlič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2005, 7 vols.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Hungary | HUN | 93.030 | ++ | 2429 | 2164 | 75 |
2429All Species 2164Indigenous Species 1998Indigenous Species except Microspecies 75Endemic Species 19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 56 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
413 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
57 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1628 Dicotyledons (of them 71 endemic)
166 Microspecies (of them 56 endemic)
265 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://floraatlasz.uni-sopron.hu/index.php?lang=en | |||||||
SOUTH WESTERN EUROPE (12) | |||||||
more | Portugal (excl. Azores, Madeira) | POR | 89.357 | ++ | 2926 | 2507 | 78 |
2926All Species 2507Indigenous Species 2457Indigenous Species except Microspecies 78Endemic Species 76Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
492 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
44 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1896 Dicotyledons (of them 67 endemic)
50 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
419 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011)Most recent floraFlora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985 ff., 21 of 22 volumes published); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesGuia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-on.pt www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Spain (excl. Baleares) | SPA | 501.453 | + | 6336 | 5746 | 1174 |
6336All Species 5746Indigenous Species 5189Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1174Endemic Species 866Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 13.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 106 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
19 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
890 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 92 endemic)
81 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
4641 Dicotyledons (of them 1076 endemic)
557 Microspecies (of them 308 endemic)
590 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985 ff., 21 of 22 volumes published); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesGuia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:floraiberica.org; www.mittelmeerflora.de; http://www.floravascular.com/ | |||||||
more | Andorra | ADO | 468 | + | 964 | 931 | 4 |
964All Species 931Indigenous Species 870Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
80 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
828 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
61 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
33 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlowers of Andorra (Crozier & Matschke 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985 ff., 21 of 22 volumes published); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesGuia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:floraiberica.org; www.mittelmeerflora.de; http://www.floravascular.com/ | |||||||
more | Gibraltar | GIB | 7 | ++ | 662 | 563 | 1 |
662All Species 563Indigenous Species 562Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
97 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
10 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
441 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://floraofgibraltar.myspecies.info/; www.mittelmeerflora.de; http://www.floravascular.com/ | |||||||
more | Baleares | BAL | 4.992 | ++ | 1612 | 1441 | 120 |
1612All Species 1441Indigenous Species 1427Indigenous Species except Microspecies 120Endemic Species 118Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 30 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
251 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
36 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1112 Dicotyledons (of them 111 endemic)
14 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
171 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora de Mallorca (Vols. I-IV, Bonafe 1977-1980); Illustrated Flora of Mallorca (Beckett 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985 ff., 21 of 22 volumes published); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesGuia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978); Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:floraiberica.org; www.mittelmeerflora.de; http://www.floravascular.com/ | |||||||
more | France (mainland, excl. Corsica) | FRA | 535.285 | ++ | 5948 | 5166 | 297 |
5948All Species 5166Indigenous Species 4342Indigenous Species except Microspecies 297Endemic Species 141Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 117 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
17 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
810 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
96 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
4114 Dicotyledons (of them 266 endemic)
824 Microspecies (of them 156 endemic)
782 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistIndex synonymique de la flore de France (Kerguélen 1993)Most recent floraLes quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault 2014); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon et al. 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Monaco | MCO | 2 | - | 48 | 42 | 0 |
48All Species 42Indigenous Species 42Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | British Channel Isl. | CIS | 198 | - | 226 | 180 | 4 |
226All Species 180Indigenous Species 110Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
171 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
70 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
46 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
| |||||||
more | Corsica | COR | 8.680 | ++ | 2239 | 2074 | 80 |
2239All Species 2074Indigenous Species 2029Indigenous Species except Microspecies 80Endemic Species 65Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 67 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
411 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
48 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1532 Dicotyledons (of them 69 endemic)
45 Microspecies (of them 15 endemic)
165 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Corsica (Jeanmonod & Gamisans 2007); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Sardinia | SAR | 23.318 | ++ | 2119 | 1973 | 139 |
2119All Species 1973Indigenous Species 1955Indigenous Species except Microspecies 139Endemic Species 131Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
377 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
47 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1485 Dicotyledons (of them 132 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic)
146 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora Sarda / Piante Endemiche (Marras 2000); Flora d'Italia, vol. 1-3 (Pignatti 1982); Pignatti, Guarino & la Rosa (2017-2019): Flora d'Italia, vol. 1-4; Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (13) | |||||||
more | Italy (mainland) (incl. Elba Isl., Capri Isl.) | ITA | 203.856 | ++ | 6012 | 5422 | 557 |
6012All Species 5422Indigenous Species 4947Indigenous Species except Microspecies 557Endemic Species 406Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 118 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
19 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
10 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
890 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 47 endemic)
117 Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
4268 Dicotyledons (of them 489 endemic)
475 Microspecies (of them 151 endemic)
590 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora d'Italia, vol. 1-3 (Pignatti 1982); Pignatti, Guarino & la Rosa (2017-2019): Flora d'Italia, vol. 1-4; Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/floraindice.php; http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/?procedure=intro_en; www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Sicily (incl. Isole Pelagie) | SIC | 25.426 | ++ | 2594 | 2363 | 173 |
2594All Species 2363Indigenous Species 2341Indigenous Species except Microspecies 173Endemic Species 166Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 49 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
10 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
463 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
62 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1769 Dicotyledons (of them 149 endemic)
22 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
231 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora d'Italia, vol. 1-3 (Pignatti 1982); Pignatti, Guarino & la Rosa (2017-2019): Flora d'Italia, vol. 1-4; Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/floraindice.php; http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/?procedure=intro_en www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Malta | MLT | 316 | ++ | 873 | 784 | 11 |
873All Species 784Indigenous Species 784Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11Endemic Species 11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
114 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
24 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
614 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
89 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraA Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.maltawildplants.com; www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | San Marino | SMA | 61 | - | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent floraFlora della repubblica di San Marino (Pampanini 1930) [not seen and not yet included, few newer publications neither seen nor included] | |||||||
more | Slovenia | SLV | 20.273 | + | 2972 | 2717 | 41 |
2972All Species 2717Indigenous Species 2579Indigenous Species except Microspecies 41Endemic Species 11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 68 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
511 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
62 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2057 Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic)
138 Microspecies (of them 30 endemic)
255 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistRegister flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vres 1995)Most recent floraFlora of Slovenia (iFlora - Plant Guide Book 22) (Tackenberg); Mala flora Slovenije, kljuc za dolocanje praprotnic in semenk (Martinic et al. 1999); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de; http://www.zaplana.net/flowers/ | |||||||
more | Croatia | CRO | 56.594 | + | 4300 | 3800 | 90 |
4300All Species 3800Indigenous Species 3675Indigenous Species except Microspecies 90Endemic Species 78Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 80 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
11 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
668 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
86 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2939 Dicotyledons (of them 78 endemic)
125 Microspecies (of them 12 endemic)
500 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistNikolić T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Bosnia & Hercegovina | BIH | 51.197 | - | 2761 | 2587 | 37 |
2761All Species 2587Indigenous Species 2516Indigenous Species except Microspecies 37Endemic Species 30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 53 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
458 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
55 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1999 Dicotyledons (of them 35 endemic)
71 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
174 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org) [incomplete because many species are only listed for "former Yugoslavia"]Most recent floraFlora Bosne i Hercegovine (Beck 1903-1921, 1927, Beck & Maly 1950, Bjelčić 1967-1983, incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Montenegro | MNT | 13.812 | o | 2533 | 2459 | 22 |
2533All Species 2459Indigenous Species 2402Indigenous Species except Microspecies 22Endemic Species 16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 62 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
433 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
47 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1894 Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
57 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic)
74 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistKatalog Vaskularne Flora Crne Gore, Tom. 1 (Stesevic & Cakovic 2013) [incomplete]Most recent floraConspectus Florae Montenegrinae (Rohlena 1942); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Serbia | SRB | 77.474 | o | 3074 | 2945 | 34 |
3074All Species 2945Indigenous Species 2877Indigenous Species except Microspecies 34Endemic Species 30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
516 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
56 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2294 Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
68 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
129 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora of Serbia, Vol. 1 (Niketic & Tomovic 2018) [incomplete]Most recent floraFlora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Kosovo | KOS | 10.877 | - | 126 | 121 | 7 |
126All Species 121Indigenous Species 116Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
114 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org) [incomplete because many species are only listed for "former Yugoslavia"]Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Northern Macedonia | NMA | 25.713 | o | 2954 | 2859 | 82 |
2954All Species 2859Indigenous Species 2779Indigenous Species except Microspecies 82Endemic Species 75Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
437 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
48 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2294 Dicotyledons (of them 78 endemic)
80 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
95 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org) [incomplete because many species are only listed for "former Yugoslavia"]Most recent floraFlora na Republika Makedonija (Micevski et al. 1983-2006, Matevski 2010; 7 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Albania | ALB | 28.748 | + | 3330 | 3194 | 58 |
3330All Species 3194Indigenous Species 3133Indigenous Species except Microspecies 58Endemic Species 45Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 54 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
17 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
568 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
62 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2485 Dicotyledons (of them 51 endemic)
61 Microspecies (of them 13 endemic)
136 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of vascular plants of Albania (Barina et al. 2018)Most recent floraIllustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Flore de l'Albanie (1992-2000, vols. 2, 3, 4); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Romania | ROM | 237.500 | ++ | 3391 | 3117 | 101 |
3391All Species 3117Indigenous Species 2957Indigenous Species except Microspecies 101Endemic Species 56Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
588 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
58 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2396 Dicotyledons (of them 98 endemic)
160 Microspecies (of them 45 endemic)
274 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Republicii Socialiste România (1952-1976); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://www.floraofromania.transsilvanica.net/ | |||||||
more | Bulgaria | BUL | 110.994 | ++ | 3752 | 3572 | 174 |
3752All Species 3572Indigenous Species 3426Indigenous Species except Microspecies 174Endemic Species 128Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
603 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
52 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2838 Dicotyledons (of them 156 endemic)
146 Microspecies (of them 46 endemic)
180 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora (Assyov et al., 4th ed. 2012)Most recent floraFlora na Narodna Republika Bălgarija (Jordanov et al., 1963-1995, 10 vols.); Flora bulgarica (CD-ROM, 2003); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:https://bgflora.net/species_en.html | |||||||
more | European Turkey | TUE | 23.764 | ++ | 2008 | 1949 | 14 |
2008All Species 1949Indigenous Species 1936Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14Endemic Species 14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 25 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
440 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
32 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1443 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
13 Microspecies (of them endemic)
59 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)Major Flora Websites:www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Greece (incl. Kikladhes, excl. Crete, Kasos, Karpathos, Rhodos and E-Aegaean) | GRC | 123.600 | ++ | 5129 | 4837 | 723 |
5129All Species 4837Indigenous Species 4667Indigenous Species except Microspecies 723Endemic Species 646Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 67 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
20 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
883 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 108 endemic)
86 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
3769 Dicotyledons (of them 608 endemic)
170 Microspecies (of them 77 endemic)
292 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2015); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016)Most recent floraFlora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan (eds., 1997 ff., 3 vols. published); Mountain Flora of Greece (Vol. 1/2, Strid, ed., 1989/1991); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:www.greekflora.gr; http://portal.cybertaxonomy.org/flora-greece/intro; www.mittelmeerflora.de | |||||||
more | Crete | KRI | 8.336 | ++ | 1968 | 1816 | 168 |
1968All Species 1816Indigenous Species 1806Indigenous Species except Microspecies 168Endemic Species 167Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 35 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
369 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
44 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1358 Dicotyledons (of them 138 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2015); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016)Most recent floraExkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:cretanflora.com | |||||||
EASTERN EUROPE (14) | |||||||
more | Estonia | EST | 45.339 | ++ | 1922 | 1399 | 40 |
1922All Species 1399Indigenous Species 1111Indigenous Species except Microspecies 40Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
261 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
36 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1045 Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic)
288 Microspecies (of them 37 endemic)
523 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraEesti NSV Floora (Flora of Estonian SSR, Vol. 1-11, 1953-1984); Flora of the Baltic Countries (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Vascular Plant Flora of Estonia (Kukk 1999); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:https://elurikkus.ee/bie-hub/search/?fq=rank%3Aspecies | |||||||
more | Latvia | LAT | 64.589 | ++ | 1616 | 1293 | 4 |
1616All Species 1293Indigenous Species 1110Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 44 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
274 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
936 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
183 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
323 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of the Baltic Countries (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora of Latvian vascular taxa (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Lithuania | LIT | 65.300 | ++ | 1515 | 1224 | 2 |
1515All Species 1224Indigenous Species 1135Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 37 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
279 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
866 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
89 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraVascular plants of Lithuania (Gudzinskas 1999); Flora of the Baltic Countries (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Belarus | BLR | 207.595 | + | 1843 | 1489 | 5 |
1843All Species 1489Indigenous Species 1391Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 43 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
303 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
34 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1097 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
98 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
354 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklisthttp://hbc.bas-net.by/plantae; Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org);Most recent floraFlora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:http://hbc.bas-net.by/plantae/ | |||||||
more | European Russia (excl. Caucasus, incl. Kaliningrad region, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya) | RUS | 4.300.000 | ++ | 4647 | 4175 | 399 |
4647All Species 4175Indigenous Species 3482Indigenous Species except Microspecies 399Endemic Species 150Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 74 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
725 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 29 endemic)
48 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3312 Dicotyledons (of them 370 endemic)
693 Microspecies (of them 249 endemic)
472 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff.); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Moldova (incl. Transnistria) | MLD | 33.843 | o | 613 | 542 | 2 |
613All Species 542Indigenous Species 504Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
511 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
38 Microspecies (of them endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) | |||||||
more | Ukraine (excl. Crimea) | UKR | 577.720 | ++ | 3197 | 2951 | 109 |
3197All Species 2951Indigenous Species 2753Indigenous Species except Microspecies 109Endemic Species 90Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
562 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
40 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2281 Dicotyledons (of them 94 endemic)
198 Microspecies (of them 19 endemic)
246 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesVasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian); Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) | |||||||
more | Crimea | KRY | 26.080 | ++ | 2263 | 2092 | 87 |
2263All Species 2092Indigenous Species 2019Indigenous Species except Microspecies 87Endemic Species 63Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 36 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
355 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
40 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1648 Dicotyledons (of them 76 endemic)
73 Microspecies (of them 24 endemic)
171 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesVasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf.Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsChecklist of the Orchids of Crimea (Fateryga & Kreutz 2014); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:flora.crimea.ua | |||||||
AFRICA (2) | |||||||
NORTHERN AFRICA (20) | |||||||
more | Morocco | MOR | 453.730 | ++ | 4306 | 3889 | 675 |
4306All Species 3889Indigenous Species 3861Indigenous Species except Microspecies 675Endemic Species 664Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 64 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
13 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
695 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 77 endemic)
30 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3082 Dicotyledons (of them 595 endemic)
28 Microspecies (of them 11 endemic)
417 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistIndex Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); CJB African Plant Database; EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlore pratique du Maroc (Fennane et al. 1999-2015, 3 vols.); Fennane & Ibn Tattou (2005-2007): Flore vasculaire du Maroc, inventaire et chorologieAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophyta, in: Flore pratique du Maroc, Vol. 1 (Salvo & Ouyahya 1999)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985); Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:floramaroccana.fr | |||||||
more | Western Sahara | WSA | 267.769 | + | 235 | 233 | 1 |
235All Species 233Indigenous Species 233Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
39 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
190 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998); CJB African Plant Database); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlore de Mauritanie, Vol. 2 (Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Algeria | ALG | 2.381.740 | ++ | 3717 | 3370 | 188 |
3717All Species 3370Indigenous Species 3352Indigenous Species except Microspecies 188Endemic Species 185Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 53 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
609 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
44 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2640 Dicotyledons (of them 162 endemic)
18 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
347 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistIndex Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); CJB African Plant Database; EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraNouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962, 2 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)Major Flora Websites:algerianativeplants.net | |||||||
more | Tunisia | TUN | 164.418 | ++ | 2428 | 2228 | 60 |
2428All Species 2228Indigenous Species 2220Indigenous Species except Microspecies 60Endemic Species 60Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 39 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
431 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
30 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1717 Dicotyledons (of them 56 endemic)
8 Microspecies (of them endemic)
200 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlore de Tunisie: Catalogue synonymique commente (Le Floc'h & Boulos 2008); Index Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); CJB African Plant Database; EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlore de la Tunisie (Pottier-Alapetite, ed., 1979-1984, 3 vols. + Atlas, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Libya | LBY | 1.757.000 | ++ | 1932 | 1748 | 91 |
1932All Species 1748Indigenous Species 1745Indigenous Species except Microspecies 91Endemic Species 91Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 16 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
357 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
9 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1355 Dicotyledons (of them 76 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistIndex Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); CJB African Plant Database; EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of Libya (Ali & Jafri, eds., 1976-1990, 150 vols., almost complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Libya - Pteridophytes (1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985); Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Egypt (excl. Sinai peninsula) | EGY | 878.000 | ++ | 1955 | 1817 | 30 |
1955All Species 1817Indigenous Species 1810Indigenous Species except Microspecies 30Endemic Species 30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 12 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
397 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
1403 Dicotyledons (of them 22 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistIndex Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); CJB African Plant Database; EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005, 4 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
MACARONESIA (21) | |||||||
more | Azores | AZO | 2.247 | ++ | 943 | 588 | 56 |
943All Species 588Indigenous Species 583Indigenous Species except Microspecies 56Endemic Species 54Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 51 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
137 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
392 Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
355 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Catalogo das plantas vasculares dos Acores (Palhina 1966)Most recent floraFlora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)Major Flora Websites:https://acores.flora-on.pt/ | |||||||
more | Madeira | MDR | 741 | ++ | 1302 | 768 | 109 |
1302All Species 768Indigenous Species 761Indigenous Species except Microspecies 109Endemic Species 109Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
146 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
549 Dicotyledons (of them 90 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them endemic)
534 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Index Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)Most recent floraFlora of Madeira (Press 1994) Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer, Sauerbier & Calixto 2020)Major Flora Websites:https://madeira.flora-on.pt/ | |||||||
more | Islas Selvagens (Salvajes Isl.) | SEL | 3 | ++ | 110 | 97 | 3 |
110All Species 97Indigenous Species 97Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
81 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
13 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistMenezes de Sequeira et al. (2011); CJB African Plant Database; Index Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)Most recent floraFlora of Madeira (Press 1994) | |||||||
more | Canary Isl. | CNY | 7.273 | ++ | 2087 | 1557 | 545 |
2087All Species 1557Indigenous Species 1552Indigenous Species except Microspecies 545Endemic Species 544Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 53 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
248 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
6 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1239 Dicotyledons (of them 511 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
530 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant Database; Index Synonymique Flora d'Afrique du Nord, Volume 1-5 (Dobignard & Chatelain 2010-2013); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993)Most recent floraDie Farn- und Blütenpflanzen der Kanarischen Inseln (Muer, Sauerbier & Calixto 2016); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993)Major Flora Websites:http://floradecanarias.com/ | |||||||
more | Cape Verde Isl. | CVI | 4.033 | ++ | 751 | 536 | 88 |
751All Species 536Indigenous Species 536Indigenous Species except Microspecies 88Endemic Species 88Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 35 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
135 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
363 Dicotyledons (of them 77 endemic)
215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora de Cabo Verde (Paiva et al., 1995-2002, 106 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe Ferns and Fern-Allies (Pteridophyta) of the Cape Verde Islands (Lobin et al. 1998)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsGuide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) | |||||||
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA (22) | |||||||
more | Mauritania | MTN | 1.030.700 | + | 835 | 774 | 3 |
835All Species 774Indigenous Species 772Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
222 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
537 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore de Mauritanie (2 vols., Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Senegal | SEN | 196.722 | + | 1845 | 1771 | 16 |
1845All Species 1771Indigenous Species 1771Indigenous Species except Microspecies 16Endemic Species 16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 44 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
543 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
40 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1133 Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
74 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistEnumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore illustrée du Sénégal (Berhaut, ed., 1971-1988, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Gambia | GAM | 11.295 | - | 668 | 644 | 1 |
668All Species 644Indigenous Species 644Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 12 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
180 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
434 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
24 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistGambian Biodiversity: A Provisional Checklist of all Species Recorded within the Gambia (Emms & Brummitt 2005) [not seen]; CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlowering Plants of the Gambia (Jones 1994); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Guinea-Bissau | GNB | 36.125 | ++ | 1406 | 1335 | 5 |
1406All Species 1335Indigenous Species 1335Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5Endemic Species 5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
24 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
331 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
31 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
927 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) (Catarino et al. 2008); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora da Guiné-Bissau / Jardim e museu agrícola do Ultramar .. (7 vol., 1971-1983, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Guinea [Conakry] | GUI | 245.857 | ++ | 3042 | 2739 | 89 |
3042All Species 2739Indigenous Species 2739Indigenous Species except Microspecies 89Endemic Species 89Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 168 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
44 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
624 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 24 endemic)
128 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1775 Dicotyledons (of them 58 endemic)
303 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2009); Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Sierra Leone | SIE | 71.740 | o | 2679 | 2559 | 55 |
2679All Species 2559Indigenous Species 2559Indigenous Species except Microspecies 55Endemic Species 55Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 138 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
59 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
576 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
158 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1628 Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic)
120 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Liberia | LBR | 99.067 | o | 2202 | 2147 | 69 |
2202All Species 2147Indigenous Species 2146Indigenous Species except Microspecies 69Endemic Species 69Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 192 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
61 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
375 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
147 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1372 Dicotyledons (of them 54 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
55 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Über die Farne Liberias (Westafrika), ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung (Kunkel 1962)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Mali | MLI | 1.240.192 | o | 1644 | 1573 | 5 |
1644All Species 1573Indigenous Species 1572Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5Endemic Species 5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
440 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1072 Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Burkina Faso | BKN | 274.200 | + | 2029 | 1800 | 1 |
2029All Species 1800Indigenous Species 1800Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
15 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
550 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
23 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1186 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
229 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Thiombiano et al. 2012); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraDiversity, distribution and preliminary conservation status of the flora of Burkina Faso (Schmidt et al. 2017)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931);Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Ivory Coast | IVO | 322.462 | + | 3499 | 3396 | 64 |
3499All Species 3396Indigenous Species 3396Indigenous Species except Microspecies 64Endemic Species 64Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 157 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
93 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
698 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
216 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2232 Dicotyledons (of them 52 endemic)
103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlore de la Cote d'Ivoire: Catalogue systematique, biogeographie et ecologie (Ake-Assi 2001-2002); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Ghana | GHA | 238.500 | o | 3158 | 3020 | 29 |
3158All Species 3020Indigenous Species 3020Indigenous Species except Microspecies 29Endemic Species 29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 158 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
67 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
681 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
154 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1959 Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesA list of the Gold Coast Pteridophyta (Adams & Alston 1955); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Togo | TOG | 56.785 | ++ | 2148 | 1980 | 13 |
2148All Species 1980Indigenous Species 1979Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13Endemic Species 13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
26 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
524 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
77 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1294 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
168 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore analytique du Togo (Brunel, ed., 1984); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Benin | BEN | 112.622 | ++ | 2650 | 2259 | 10 |
2650All Species 2259Indigenous Species 2259Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10Endemic Species 10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
38 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
541 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
47 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1582 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
391 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistSouza (1987); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore du Bénin (3 vols., Souza, ed., 2006-2009); Flore analytique du Benin (Akoegninou et al., eds., 2006); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Niger | NGR | 1.267.000 | o | 809 | 783 | 2 |
809All Species 783Indigenous Species 783Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 12 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
236 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
527 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
26 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Nigeria | NGA | 923.768 | o | 4670 | 4542 | 84 |
4670All Species 4542Indigenous Species 4541Indigenous Species except Microspecies 84Endemic Species 84Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 192 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
113 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
911 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
283 Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
3040 Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
128 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
WEST CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA (23) | |||||||
more | Cameroon | CMN | 475.442 | + | 7115 | 6684 | 750 |
7115All Species 6684Indigenous Species 6684Indigenous Species except Microspecies 750Endemic Species 750Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 276 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
235 Basal Angiosperms (of them 37 endemic)
1020 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 77 endemic)
406 Orchids (of them 45 endemic)
4741 Dicotyledons (of them 585 endemic)
431 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistThe vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore du Cameroun (1963 - 2014, 79 families covered, still incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 3 (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953); The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) | BIO | 2.017 | + | 1937 | 1741 | 33 |
1937All Species 1741Indigenous Species 1741Indigenous Species except Microspecies 33Endemic Species 33Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 213 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
59 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
261 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
134 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
1074 Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVelayos, M. et al. (2013): Preliminary Checklist of vascular plants of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 5 vols. published, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); The Pteridophyta of Bioko, Vol. 1-5 (Benl 1978-91)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)Major Flora Websites:www.floradeguinea.com | |||||||
more | Principe Isl. | PRI | 146 | + | 521 | 412 | 19 |
521All Species 412Indigenous Species 412Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19Endemic Species 19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 78 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
10 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
63 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
64 Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
197 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
109 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAnnotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); CJB African Plant Database; Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome etc. (Exell 1944); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Sao Tomé | SAO | 855 | + | 1117 | 833 | 79 |
1117All Species 833Indigenous Species 833Indigenous Species except Microspecies 79Endemic Species 79Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 147 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
107 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
98 Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
462 Dicotyledons (of them 50 endemic)
284 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAnnotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); CJB African Plant Database; Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Annobon Isl. | ANN | 17 | + | 337 | 272 | 16 |
337All Species 272Indigenous Species 272Indigenous Species except Microspecies 16Endemic Species 16Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 47 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
50 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
25 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
145 Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVelayos, M. et al. (2016): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); CJB African Plant Database; Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Velayos, M. et al. (2014): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Equatorial Guinea (mainland [Rio Muni], excluding islands) | EQG | 24.500 | - | 1804 | 1756 | 41 |
1804All Species 1756Indigenous Species 1756Indigenous Species except Microspecies 41Endemic Species 41Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 136 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
68 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
294 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
160 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1096 Dicotyledons (of them 33 endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 5 vols. published, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:www.floradeguinea.com | |||||||
more | Gabon | GAB | 267.667 | + | 4673 | 4571 | 470 |
4673All Species 4571Indigenous Species 4571Indigenous Species except Microspecies 470Endemic Species 470Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 173 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
197 Basal Angiosperms (of them 22 endemic)
588 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 44 endemic)
276 Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
3335 Dicotyledons (of them 382 endemic)
102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistSosef et al. (2006): Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon; CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore du Gabon (Aubreville et al., eds., 1961 ff., 54 vols. published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Gabon, Vol. 8. Ptéridophytes (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.)Major Flora Websites:http://herbarium.naturalis.nl/gabon/ | |||||||
more | Congo [Brazzaville] | CON | 342.000 | + | 4185 | 4047 | 73 |
4185All Species 4047Indigenous Species 4047Indigenous Species except Microspecies 73Endemic Species 73Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 211 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
156 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
715 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
158 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
2802 Dicotyledons (of them 50 endemic)
138 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988); Lachenaud (2009): La flore des plantes vascularies de la Republique du Congo: nouvelles donnees; CJB African Plant DatabaseAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Central African Republic | CAF | 622.436 | + | 3525 | 3335 | 88 |
3525All Species 3335Indigenous Species 3335Indigenous Species except Microspecies 88Endemic Species 88Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 115 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
581 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
154 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
2386 Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic)
190 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977-1984, 3 vols.); CJB African Plant DatabaseAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Cabinda | CAB | 7.823 | o | 476 | 475 | 42 |
476All Species 475Indigenous Species 475Indigenous Species except Microspecies 42Endemic Species 42Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
36 Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
43 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
395 Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPlants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]; CJB African Plant DatabaseAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Conspectus florae angolensis: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsA provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | D.R. Congo (Zaire) | ZAI | 2.344.885 | o | 8793 | 8589 | 1329 |
8793All Species 8589Indigenous Species 8589Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1329Endemic Species 1329Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 332 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
171 Basal Angiosperms (of them 19 endemic)
1293 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 177 endemic)
547 Orchids (of them 50 endemic)
6235 Dicotyledons (of them 1069 endemic)
204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore d'Afrique Centrale (1948 onwards, over 60% complete); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) - covers mountains in eastern part of the countryAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of the Upper Katanga (Kornas et al. 2000); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)Major Flora Websites:floreafriquecentrale.org | |||||||
more | Rwanda | RWA | 26.338 | o | 2141 | 2099 | 57 |
2141All Species 2099Indigenous Species 2099Indigenous Species except Microspecies 57Endemic Species 57Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 175 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
24 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
391 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
202 Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
1307 Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore d'Afrique Centrale (1948 onwards, over 60% complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)Major Flora Websites:floreafriquecentrale.org | |||||||
more | Burundi | BUR | 27.834 | o | 2025 | 1991 | 37 |
2025All Species 1991Indigenous Species 1991Indigenous Species except Microspecies 37Endemic Species 37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 181 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
18 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
359 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
180 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1253 Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlore d'Afrique Centrale (1948 onwards, over 60% complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985))Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)Major Flora Websites:floreafriquecentrale.org | |||||||
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA (24) | |||||||
more | Chad | CHA | 1.284.000 | + | 1775 | 1618 | 14 |
1775All Species 1618Indigenous Species 1618Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14Endemic Species 14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 36 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
14 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
357 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
23 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1184 Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
157 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistThe Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis (Brundu 2013); CJB African Plant Database; Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986)Most recent floraFlore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Sudan | SUD | 1.886.068 | + | 2113 | 1985 | 28 |
2113All Species 1985Indigenous Species 1985Indigenous Species except Microspecies 28Endemic Species 28Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 170 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
520 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
17 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1268 Dicotyledons (of them 18 endemic)
128 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAnnotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraThe flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | South Sudan | SSU | 619.745 | + | 2780 | 2684 | 40 |
2780All Species 2684Indigenous Species 2684Indigenous Species except Microspecies 40Endemic Species 40Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
36 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
651 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
69 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1923 Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
96 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAnnotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraThe flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Ethiopia | ETH | 1.133.380 | ++ | 5034 | 4827 | 555 |
5034All Species 4827Indigenous Species 4827Indigenous Species except Microspecies 555Endemic Species 555Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 178 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1054 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 103 endemic)
164 Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
3410 Dicotyledons (of them 424 endemic)
207 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2006, 8 vols., complete except Ferns)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Eritrea | ERI | 121.144 | ++ | 1547 | 1498 | 24 |
1547All Species 1498Indigenous Species 1498Indigenous Species except Microspecies 24Endemic Species 24Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 28 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
409 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
26 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1029 Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2006, 8 vols., complete except Ferns)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Djibouti | DJI | 23.200 | + | 622 | 588 | 10 |
622All Species 588Indigenous Species 588Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10Endemic Species 10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 13 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
129 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
440 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990); CJB African Plant DatabaseAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Somalia | SOM | 637.700 | ++ | 2955 | 2896 | 708 |
2955All Species 2896Indigenous Species 2896Indigenous Species except Microspecies 708Endemic Species 708Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 24% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 39 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
15 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
554 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 100 endemic)
11 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2273 Dicotyledons (of them 607 endemic)
59 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistThe plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Somalia (Thulin, ed., 4 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1 (Thulin, ed., 1993)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Soqotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl., Samha Isl.) | SOC | 3.579 | ++ | 816 | 780 | 302 |
816All Species 780Indigenous Species 779Indigenous Species except Microspecies 302Endemic Species 301Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 36.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
161 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
585 Dicotyledons (of them 274 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
36 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraEthnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA (25) | |||||||
more | Uganda | UGA | 241.038 | ++ | 4510 | 4350 | 69 |
4510All Species 4350Indigenous Species 4349Indigenous Species except Microspecies 69Endemic Species 69Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 270 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
51 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
937 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
291 Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
2796 Dicotyledons (of them 38 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
160 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Tropical East Africa (complete in many volumes)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae: in Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php; https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FTEA | |||||||
more | Kenya | KEN | 582.646 | ++ | 6245 | 6005 | 473 |
6245All Species 6005Indigenous Species 6005Indigenous Species except Microspecies 473Endemic Species 473Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 279 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
61 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1250 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 86 endemic)
258 Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
4151 Dicotyledons (of them 365 endemic)
240 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Tropical East Africa (complete in many volumes)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989); Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php; https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FTEA | |||||||
more | Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl., Zanzibar) | TAN | 945.268 | ++ | 9410 | 9134 | 1555 |
9410All Species 9134Indigenous Species 9134Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1555Endemic Species 1555Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 401 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 23 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
121 Basal Angiosperms (of them 40 endemic)
1731 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 175 endemic)
550 Orchids (of them 91 endemic)
6323 Dicotyledons (of them 1223 endemic)
276 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Tropical East Africa (complete in many volumes)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php; https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FTEA | |||||||
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA (26) | |||||||
more | Angola (excl. Cabinda) | ANG | 1.238.877 | ++ | 6376 | 6133 | 1152 |
6376All Species 6133Indigenous Species 6133Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1152Endemic Species 1152Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 203 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic)
1181 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 162 endemic)
216 Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
4456 Dicotyledons (of them 965 endemic)
243 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPlants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist]; CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraConspectus florae Angolensis (Fernandes et al., eds., 1937-1993, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsA provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Zambia | ZAM | 752.614 | ++ | 5896 | 5699 | 387 |
5896All Species 5699Indigenous Species 5699Indigenous Species except Microspecies 387Endemic Species 387Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 176 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1073 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 116 endemic)
409 Orchids (of them 24 endemic)
3987 Dicotyledons (of them 245 endemic)
197 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of Zambian vascular plants (Phiri 2005); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970); Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia (Kornas 1978)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in: Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)Major Flora Websites:www.zambiaflora.com | |||||||
more | Malawi | MLW | 118.484 | ++ | 4174 | 4085 | 156 |
4174All Species 4085Indigenous Species 4085Indigenous Species except Microspecies 156Endemic Species 156Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 235 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
723 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 39 endemic)
405 Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
2688 Dicotyledons (of them 98 endemic)
89 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae in Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)Major Flora Websites:www.malawiflora.com | |||||||
more | Zimbabwe | ZIM | 390.759 | ++ | 5387 | 4973 | 235 |
5387All Species 4973Indigenous Species 4972Indigenous Species except Microspecies 235Endemic Species 235Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 272 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
38 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
873 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 45 endemic)
349 Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
3434 Dicotyledons (of them 167 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
414 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants (Mapaura 2004); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976)Major Flora Websites:www.zimbabweflora.co.zw | |||||||
more | Mozambique | MOZ | 799.380 | ++ | 5309 | 4892 | 269 |
5309All Species 4892Indigenous Species 4892Indigenous Species except Microspecies 269Endemic Species 269Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 225 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
50 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
712 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 32 endemic)
198 Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
3691 Dicotyledons (of them 223 endemic)
417 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique (da Silva et al. 2004); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsA Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976)Major Flora Websites:www.mozambiqueflora.com | |||||||
SOUTH AFRICA (27) | |||||||
more | Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip) | NAM | 824.269 | ++ | 4022 | 3830 | 626 |
4022All Species 3830Indigenous Species 3830Indigenous Species except Microspecies 626Endemic Species 626Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
920 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 122 endemic)
19 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2818 Dicotyledons (of them 502 endemic)
192 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Checklist of Namibian Indigenous and Naturalised Plants (Klaassen & Kwembeya 2013); List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraProdromus einer Flora von Südwestafrica (Merxmüller 1966-1972, very incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika, Lfg. 26 (Merxmüller, ed., 1969)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Botswana | BOT | 581.730 | ++ | 2557 | 2439 | 15 |
2557All Species 2439Indigenous Species 2439Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15Endemic Species 15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 49 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
636 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
27 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1714 Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic)
118 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPreliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana (Setshogo 2005); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-today, 48 of 50 parts published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | South Africa | SAF | 1.219.090 | + | 20377 | 19427 | 12732 |
20377All Species 19427Indigenous Species 19413Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12732Endemic Species 12732Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 62.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 270 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 32 endemic)
46 Gymnosperms (of them 31 endemic)
40 Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
4609 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3034 endemic)
469 Orchids (of them 255 endemic)
13993 Dicotyledons (of them 9374 endemic)
14 Microspecies (of them endemic)
950 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of southern Africa (1966 ff., very incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Lesotho | LES | 30.355 | + | 1772 | 1622 | 37 |
1772All Species 1622Indigenous Species 1620Indigenous Species except Microspecies 37Endemic Species 37Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 87 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
431 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
60 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1042 Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
150 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of Lesotho (Basutoland) (Guillarmod 1971); Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., very incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
more | Eswatini [Swaziland] | SWZ | 17.363 | + | 2776 | 2633 | 38 |
2776All Species 2633Indigenous Species 2633Indigenous Species except Microspecies 38Endemic Species 38Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 107 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
17 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
642 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
89 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1766 Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
143 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993); CJB African Plant DatabaseMost recent floraFlora of southern Africa (1966 ff., very incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976)Major Flora Websites:http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/index.php | |||||||
MIDDLE ATLANTIC OCEAN (28) | |||||||
more | Ascension Isl. | ASC | 88 | + | 40 | 34 | 12 |
40All Species 34Indigenous Species 34Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12Endemic Species 12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 15 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
12 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
7 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFairhurst, W. (2004) Flowering plants of Ascension IslandAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | St. Helena | STH | 122 | ++ | 101 | 81 | 50 |
101All Species 81Indigenous Species 81Indigenous Species except Microspecies 50Endemic Species 50Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 49.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 29 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic)
15 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
37 Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistSt. Helena: Checklist of endemic & indigenous plants (Clifton 1996)Most recent floraFlowering Plants & Ferns of St. Helena (Lambdon 2013); The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_of_St_Helena | |||||||
INDIAN OCEAN (29) | |||||||
more | Madagascar | MDG | 587.041 | + | 11809 | 11405 | 9317 |
11809All Species 11405Indigenous Species 11405Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9317Endemic Species 9317Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 78.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 670 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 328 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
338 Basal Angiosperms (of them 320 endemic)
1553 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1013 endemic)
909 Orchids (of them 733 endemic)
7926 Dicotyledons (of them 6917 endemic)
404 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of the Plants of Madagascar (www.tropicos.org)Most recent floraFlore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete, but partially outdated)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=17 | |||||||
more | Comores (incl. Mayotte) | COM | 1.862 | o | 1044 | 995 | 205 |
1044All Species 995Indigenous Species 995Indigenous Species except Microspecies 205Endemic Species 205Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 163 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic)
167 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
93 Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
551 Dicotyledons (of them 131 endemic)
49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete, but partially outdated)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007) | |||||||
more | Mozambique Channel Isl. (Iles Eparses p. p., incl. Ile Europa, Juan de Nova Isl.) | MCI | 36 | + | 170 | 83 | 0 |
170All Species 83Indigenous Species 81Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
61 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
87 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Mauritius (incl. Tromelin Isl.) | MAU | 2.040 | ++ | 1937 | 1021 | 274 |
1937All Species 1021Indigenous Species 1021Indigenous Species except Microspecies 274Endemic Species 274Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 201 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
224 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 35 endemic)
95 Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
475 Dicotyledons (of them 196 endemic)
916 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980 ff., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsLes Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013) | |||||||
more | La Reunion | REU | 2.503 | ++ | 1847 | 1078 | 260 |
1847All Species 1078Indigenous Species 1078Indigenous Species except Microspecies 260Endemic Species 260Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 248 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 19 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
212 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
229 Orchids (of them 84 endemic)
366 Dicotyledons (of them 125 endemic)
769 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980 ff., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsLes Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013) | |||||||
more | Rodrigues Isl. | ROD | 109 | ++ | 426 | 224 | 45 |
426All Species 224Indigenous Species 224Indigenous Species except Microspecies 45Endemic Species 45Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
73 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
5 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
115 Dicotyledons (of them 35 endemic)
202 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980 ff., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsLes Orchidées des Mascareignes (Szelengowicz & Tamon 2013) | |||||||
more | Iles Glorieuses (Iles Eparses p. p.) | IGL | 7 | + | 128 | 63 | 0 |
128All Species 63Indigenous Species 61Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 5 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Agalega Isl. | AGA | 24 | - | 1 | 1 | 0 |
1All Species 1Indigenous Species 1Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent checklistList of the recorded vascular flora of Agalega (Fosberg et al. 1983, only historical records, no recent data) [not seen or included]Most recent floraFlore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Aldabra | ALD | 155 | + | 117 | 105 | 25 |
117All Species 105Indigenous Species 104Indigenous Species except Microspecies 25Endemic Species 25Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
45 Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989); Flora of Aldabra (Hemsley 1919)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Seychelles | SEY | 300 | + | 809 | 402 | 73 |
809All Species 402Indigenous Species 402Indigenous Species except Microspecies 73Endemic Species 73Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 85 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
122 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
22 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
167 Dicotyledons (of them 41 endemic)
407 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia) | CGS | 30 | ++ | 179 | 80 | 1 |
179All Species 80Indigenous Species 80Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
53 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn annotated check list of the flora of Diego Garcia (Topp 1988) | |||||||
TEMPERATE ASIA (3) | |||||||
SIBERIA (30) | |||||||
more | Siberia (incl. Altay, Sayan, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk, Buryatia, Chita, Transbaicalia, Yakutia, Irkutsk, NE-Siberia) | SIB | 10.600.000 | + | 4578 | 4502 | 555 |
4578All Species 4502Indigenous Species 4304Indigenous Species except Microspecies 555Endemic Species 474Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 98 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
23 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
917 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 98 endemic)
43 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3416 Dicotyledons (of them 452 endemic)
198 Microspecies (of them 81 endemic)
76 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published) | |||||||
RUSSIAN FAR EAST (31) | |||||||
more | Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Okhotsk, Kuril Isl., Kamchatka, Commander Isl., Primorye, Khabarovsk, Magadan) | RFE | 2.500.000 | + | 3839 | 3547 | 586 |
3839All Species 3547Indigenous Species 3430Indigenous Species except Microspecies 586Endemic Species 509Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 13.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 137 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
17 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
901 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 131 endemic)
64 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
2415 Dicotyledons (of them 446 endemic)
117 Microspecies (of them 77 endemic)
292 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora murmanskoj oblasti (Kirova, 5 vols., 1953-1966); Flora i paleogeografija Komandoskikh ostrovov (Vasil'ev 1957) | |||||||
MIDDLE ASIA (32) | |||||||
more | Kazakhstan | KAZ | 2.717.300 | + | 5312 | 5126 | 504 |
5312All Species 5126Indigenous Species 4996Indigenous Species except Microspecies 504Endemic Species 478Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
876 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 67 endemic)
27 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4139 Dicotyledons (of them 437 endemic)
130 Microspecies (of them 26 endemic)
186 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of vascular plants of Kazakhstan (Abdulina 1999); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora Kazakhstana (Pavlov, etc., 1956-1966, 9 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 14 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Turkmenistan | TKM | 488.100 | + | 2973 | 2841 | 204 |
2973All Species 2841Indigenous Species 2821Indigenous Species except Microspecies 204Endemic Species 200Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 19 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
540 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
14 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2256 Dicotyledons (of them 174 endemic)
20 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
132 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraPlants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 14 vols. published); Flora Turkmenii (Fedtschenko et al., eds., 1932-60); Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Opredelitelja Rastenii Turkmenistana (Key to the Plants of Turkmenistan) (Nikitin & Geldichanov 1988) | |||||||
more | Uzbekistan | UZB | 447.700 | o | 4146 | 3771 | 253 |
4146All Species 3771Indigenous Species 3733Indigenous Species except Microspecies 253Endemic Species 249Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 19 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
13 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
663 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 54 endemic)
10 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3064 Dicotyledons (of them 199 endemic)
38 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
375 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistSennikov et al. (Checklist, in prep.); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora Uzbekistana (Schreder et al., eds., 1953-62, 6 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 14 vols. published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Uzbekistana, Vol. 1 (Schreder et al. 1953)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.) | |||||||
more | Kyrgyzstan (Kirgisia) | KGZ | 198.500 | + | 3712 | 3634 | 337 |
3712All Species 3634Indigenous Species 3529Indigenous Species except Microspecies 337Endemic Species 323Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
613 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 57 endemic)
12 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2971 Dicotyledons (of them 280 endemic)
105 Microspecies (of them 14 endemic)
78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov & Sultanova 2011); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora Kirghiszkoj SSR (Vykhotsev 1967-70, incomplete); Nikitina (1995); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 14 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Tajikistan | TZK | 143.100 | o | 4641 | 4404 | 524 |
4641All Species 4404Indigenous Species 4321Indigenous Species except Microspecies 524Endemic Species 498Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 28 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
741 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 68 endemic)
10 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3613 Dicotyledons (of them 455 endemic)
83 Microspecies (of them 26 endemic)
237 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist)Most recent floraFlora Tadzikskoj SSR (Ovchinnikov et al., ed., 1957 - 1991, 10 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Tadjikskoj SSSR, Vol. 1 (Ovchinnikov 1957)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.) | |||||||
CAUCASUS (33) | |||||||
more | Northern Caucasus (incl. Chechnya, Daghestan, etc.) | NCS | 200.000 | + | 4129 | 3892 | 352 |
4129All Species 3892Indigenous Species 3791Indigenous Species except Microspecies 352Endemic Species 316Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 71 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
747 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 39 endemic)
41 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
3017 Dicotyledons (of them 312 endemic)
101 Microspecies (of them 36 endemic)
237 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCaucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964) | |||||||
more | Gruziya [Georgia - Caucasus] (incl. Abkhazia, Adzharia) | GEO | 69.700 | + | 3977 | 3709 | 215 |
3977All Species 3709Indigenous Species 3596Indigenous Species except Microspecies 215Endemic Species 184Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 76 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
689 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
47 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2882 Dicotyledons (of them 197 endemic)
113 Microspecies (of them 31 endemic)
268 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005); Conspectus Flora Kavkaza (Takhtajan 2003-2012, 4 of 5 vols. published); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of Georgia (in Georgian), Vol. 1 (1971), Vol. 2 (2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flora of Georgia (South Caucasus) (Fischer et al. 2018)Major Flora Websites:http://biodiversity-georgia.net/index.php | |||||||
more | Armenia | ARM | 29.800 | + | 3499 | 3419 | 146 |
3499All Species 3419Indigenous Species 3347Indigenous Species except Microspecies 146Endemic Species 130Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 44 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
657 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
40 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2667 Dicotyledons (of them 127 endemic)
72 Microspecies (of them 16 endemic)
80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Flora of Armenia (Saghatelyan, unpubl.); Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Armenii (ed. A. L. Tahtadzjiana) (11 vols., 1954-2011); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964) | |||||||
more | Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, incl. Nachichevan) | AZE | 81.100 | + | 3693 | 3546 | 134 |
3693All Species 3546Indigenous Species 3492Indigenous Species except Microspecies 134Endemic Species 126Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 56 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
748 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
37 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2692 Dicotyledons (of them 112 endemic)
54 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic)
147 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCaucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Azerbaidzana (2 vols. published, 1953-1957); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964) | |||||||
WESTERN ASIA (34) | |||||||
more | Eastern Aegaean Islands (Karpathos, Kasos, Rhodos, Kos, Symi, Samos, Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Limnos etc.) | EAI | 7.000 | ++ | 2381 | 2229 | 74 |
2381All Species 2229Indigenous Species 2213Indigenous Species except Microspecies 74Endemic Species 74Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 33 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
463 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
54 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1661 Dicotyledons (of them 59 endemic)
16 Microspecies (of them endemic)
152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAtlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Dimopoulos et al. (2013, 2016); Checklist updating and analysis of the flora of Symi island and of the nearby island of Seskli (Cattaneo & Grano 2019); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan, eds., 1997 ff.); Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000); Flora von Rhodos and Chalki (Kleinsteuber et al., 2016 ff.)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-germanica.de/rhodos | |||||||
more | Turkey (excl. European Turkey) | TUR | 756.816 | ++ | 9775 | 9612 | 3351 |
9775All Species 9612Indigenous Species 9436Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3351Endemic Species 3280Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 33.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 98 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
21 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
33 Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic)
1568 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 494 endemic)
91 Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
7801 Dicotyledons (of them 2830 endemic)
176 Microspecies (of them 71 endemic)
163 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006)Major Flora Websites:www.turkiyebitkileri.com | |||||||
more | Iraq | IRQ | 438.317 | + | 2992 | 2947 | 174 |
2992All Species 2947Indigenous Species 2928Indigenous Species except Microspecies 174Endemic Species 171Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
551 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
23 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2346 Dicotyledons (of them 161 endemic)
19 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Iraq (1966-1980, incomplete); Flora of Lowland Iraq (Rechinger, ed., 1964) | |||||||
more | Iran | IRN | 1.648.000 | ++ | 7879 | 7808 | 2574 |
7879All Species 7808Indigenous Species 7727Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2574Endemic Species 2548Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 32.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
19 Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
5 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
1031 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 170 endemic)
43 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6651 Dicotyledons (of them 2398 endemic)
81 Microspecies (of them 26 endemic)
71 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010, 178 vols., complete) | |||||||
more | Afghanistan | AFG | 652.225 | ++ | 4369 | 4263 | 882 |
4369All Species 4263Indigenous Species 4214Indigenous Species except Microspecies 882Endemic Species 875Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 20% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
20 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
709 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 62 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3472 Dicotyledons (of them 820 endemic)
49 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular plants of Afghanistan: an augmented checklist (Breckle et al. 2013); Checklist of the Flowering plants of Afghanistan (Podlech 2012)Most recent floraFlora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010, 178 vols., complete) | |||||||
more | Cyprus | CYP | 9.251 | ++ | 1691 | 1605 | 112 |
1691All Species 1605Indigenous Species 1594Indigenous Species except Microspecies 112Endemic Species 109Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 23 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
323 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 24 endemic)
38 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1209 Dicotyledons (of them 85 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistwww.flora-of-cyprus.eu; Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Cyprus, Vol. 1/2 (Meikle 1977, 1985); An Illustrated Flora of North Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Viney 1996); Illustrated Flora of Cyprus (Christofides 2017)Major Flora Websites:www.flora-of-cyprus.eu | |||||||
more | Lebanon | LEB | 10.230 | + | 2674 | 2607 | 118 |
2674All Species 2607Indigenous Species 2594Indigenous Species except Microspecies 118Endemic Species 116Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 32 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
466 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic)
32 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2057 Dicotyledons (of them 98 endemic)
13 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
67 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraNouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970)Major Flora Websites:http://www.lebanon-flora.org/default.php | |||||||
more | Syria | SYR | 185.180 | + | 2849 | 2806 | 89 |
2849All Species 2806Indigenous Species 2796Indigenous Species except Microspecies 89Endemic Species 89Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 16 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
474 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
34 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2263 Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic)
10 Microspecies (of them endemic)
43 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraNouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970) | |||||||
more | Israel + Palestine | ISR | 21.946 | + | 2445 | 2337 | 61 |
2445All Species 2337Indigenous Species 2334Indigenous Species except Microspecies 61Endemic Species 61Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
474 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
28 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1801 Dicotyledons (of them 43 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
108 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.); EURO + MED PLANTBASE (www.emplantbase.org)Most recent floraFlora Palaestina (4 + 4 vols., 1966-1987, complete)Major Flora Websites:http://www.flowersinisrael.com/; https://flora.org.il/en/plants/ | |||||||
more | Sinai peninsula | SIN | 61.000 | + | 1326 | 1289 | 31 |
1326All Species 1289Indigenous Species 1289Indigenous Species except Microspecies 31Endemic Species 31Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
261 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1012 Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
37 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005) | |||||||
more | Jordania | JOR | 89.556 | + | 1613 | 1582 | 29 |
1613All Species 1582Indigenous Species 1578Indigenous Species except Microspecies 29Endemic Species 29Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 5 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
270 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1286 Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) | |||||||
ARABIAN PENINSULA (35) | |||||||
more | Saudi Arabia | SAU | 2.240.000 | + | 2103 | 2024 | 84 |
2103All Species 2024Indigenous Species 2024Indigenous Species except Microspecies 84Endemic Species 84Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
407 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1573 Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Saudi-Arabia (3 vols., 3rd ed., Migahid 1988-1989); Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Chaudhary, ed., 2001 ff.); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990) | |||||||
more | Kuwait | KUW | 17.820 | + | 393 | 386 | 1 |
393All Species 386Indigenous Species 386Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
88 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
295 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of Kuwait (2 vols., 1985-1987, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Bahrain | BAR | 707 | + | 276 | 266 | 0 |
276All Species 266Indigenous Species 266Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
55 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
207 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Qatar | QAT | 11.427 | ++ | 392 | 311 | 0 |
392All Species 311Indigenous Species 311Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
237 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
81 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraThe Flora of Qatar (2 vols., Abd el Bary & Ekhlas 2012); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)Major Flora Websites:www.floraofqatar.com | |||||||
more | United Arab Emirates (incl. Dubai, Abu Dhabi) | UAE | 83.600 | + | 374 | 357 | 1 |
374All Species 357Indigenous Species 357Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
105 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
248 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
17 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Oman | OMA | 309.500 | + | 1095 | 1054 | 102 |
1095All Species 1054Indigenous Species 1054Indigenous Species except Microspecies 102Endemic Species 102Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
219 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
801 Dicotyledons (of them 88 endemic)
41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman (Ghazanfar 1992)Most recent floraFlora of the Sultanate of Oman (Ghazanfar et al., 4 vols. 2003-2018, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) | |||||||
more | Yemen (excl. Soqotra) | YEM | 527.970 | + | 2062 | 1968 | 212 |
2062All Species 1968Indigenous Species 1968Indigenous Species except Microspecies 212Endemic Species 212Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
433 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic)
18 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1461 Dicotyledons (of them 186 endemic)
94 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.)Most recent floraFlora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) | |||||||
CHINA (36) | |||||||
more | China (incl. Hongkong, Macao and Hainan; excl. Tibet, Taiwan and South China Sea Isl.) | CHI | 8.351.300 | ++ | 30730 | 29680 | 14009 |
30730All Species 29680Indigenous Species 29377Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14009Endemic Species 13789Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 44.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1889 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 592 endemic)
168 Gymnosperms (of them 52 endemic)
927 Basal Angiosperms (of them 521 endemic)
4329 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1947 endemic)
1322 Orchids (of them 458 endemic)
21045 Dicotyledons (of them 10439 endemic)
303 Microspecies (of them 220 endemic)
1050 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus many picture volumes)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 2-6); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999])Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 | |||||||
more | Tibet [Xizang] | TIB | 1.220.000 | ++ | 6796 | 6746 | 984 |
6796All Species 6746Indigenous Species 6679Indigenous Species except Microspecies 984Endemic Species 964Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 488 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
51 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
94 Basal Angiosperms (of them 18 endemic)
844 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 76 endemic)
287 Orchids (of them 17 endemic)
4982 Dicotyledons (of them 859 endemic)
67 Microspecies (of them 20 endemic)
50 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus many picture volumes)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 2-6); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999])Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 | |||||||
MONGOLIA (37) | |||||||
more | Mongolia | MON | 1.566.500 | ++ | 2832 | 2793 | 148 |
2832All Species 2793Indigenous Species 2724Indigenous Species except Microspecies 148Endemic Species 138Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
19 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
521 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
25 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2175 Dicotyledons (of them 139 endemic)
69 Microspecies (of them 10 endemic)
39 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistConspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia (Urgamal et al. 2014)Most recent floraKey to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 1982); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999]); Flowers of Mongolia (Hauck & Solongo 2010) | |||||||
EASTERN ASIA (38) | |||||||
more | North Korea | NKO | 120.500 | + | 1891 | 1888 | 22 |
1891All Species 1888Indigenous Species 1886Indigenous Species except Microspecies 22Endemic Species 22Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 103 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
500 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
41 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1217 Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistProvisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)Most recent floraIllustrated flora of Korea (Lee 1979, 2 vols.) | |||||||
more | South Korea (incl. Cheju Do Isl.) | KOR | 99.300 | + | 2974 | 2345 | 126 |
2974All Species 2345Indigenous Species 2340Indigenous Species except Microspecies 126Endemic Species 123Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 274 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
37 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
534 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
84 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1400 Dicotyledons (of them 88 endemic)
5 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
629 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistProvisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014)Most recent floraIllustrated flora of Korea (Lee 1979, 2 vols.) | |||||||
more | Japan (incl. Izu Isl., Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu Isl. and Bonin Isl.) | JAP | 372.769 | ++ | 5239 | 4798 | 1328 |
5239All Species 4798Indigenous Species 4781Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1328Endemic Species 1320Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 25.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 672 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 105 endemic)
40 Gymnosperms (of them 7 endemic)
100 Basal Angiosperms (of them 52 endemic)
1092 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 283 endemic)
195 Orchids (of them 37 endemic)
2699 Dicotyledons (of them 844 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic)
441 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Japan (revised edition, Iwatsuki et al., eds., 1995 ff., 7 of 8 parts published, last part planned for 2020) | |||||||
more | Ryukyu Isl. (Nansei Shoto) (incl. Osumi Isl., Tokara Isl., Amami Isl., Okinawa Isl., Daito Isl., Sakishima Isl.) | NNS | 4.700 | ++ | 2045 | 1807 | 118 |
2045All Species 1807Indigenous Species 1805Indigenous Species except Microspecies 118Endemic Species 118Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 311 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
48 Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
395 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 20 endemic)
130 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
915 Dicotyledons (of them 67 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
238 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976) | |||||||
more | Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Isl.) | OGA | 73 | ++ | 481 | 348 | 73 |
481All Species 348Indigenous Species 348Indigenous Species except Microspecies 73Endemic Species 73Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 71 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
79 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
171 Dicotyledons (of them 48 endemic)
133 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)Most recent floraFlora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981) | |||||||
more | Kazan-Retto (Volcano Isl., Iwo-jima) | KZN | 30 | ++ | 248 | 186 | 8 |
248All Species 186Indigenous Species 186Indigenous Species except Microspecies 8Endemic Species 8Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 55 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
46 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
75 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987)Most recent floraFlora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981) | |||||||
more | Taiwan (incl. Lan Yu Isl.) | TAI | 36.000 | ++ | 5326 | 4295 | 920 |
5326All Species 4295Indigenous Species 4284Indigenous Species except Microspecies 920Endemic Species 910Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 17.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 739 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 85 endemic)
25 Gymnosperms (of them 8 endemic)
110 Basal Angiosperms (of them 37 endemic)
697 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 96 endemic)
409 Orchids (of them 144 endemic)
2315 Dicotyledons (of them 550 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them 10 endemic)
1031 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Taiwan (Li et al., eds., 1975-2003); Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesIndex to Ferns and Fern Allies of Taiwan (Knapp 2014); Ferns of Taiwan (Ralf Knapp 2010, with supplement 2013); Flora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 1-6, 1990 ff.); Flora of Taiwan, Vol. 1 (2nd. ed., 1994)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79); Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.) | |||||||
TROPICAL ASIA (4) | |||||||
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (40) | |||||||
more | Pakistan | PAK | 796.095 | + | 5299 | 4698 | 313 |
5299All Species 4698Indigenous Species 4628Indigenous Species except Microspecies 313Endemic Species 290Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 139 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
23 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
877 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
41 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
3606 Dicotyledons (of them 290 endemic)
70 Microspecies (of them 23 endemic)
601 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir (Stewart 1972)Most recent floraFlora of West Pakistan (Nasir, ed., 1970 ff., 217 vols., mostly complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesAn illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part]; Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/Project/Pakistan; http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5 | |||||||
more | Nepal | NEP | 147.181 | + | 6244 | 5871 | 360 |
6244All Species 5871Indigenous Species 5827Indigenous Species except Microspecies 360Endemic Species 356Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 561 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
21 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
913 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 42 endemic)
390 Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
3891 Dicotyledons (of them 289 endemic)
44 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
373 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Nepalese Flowering Plants (3 vols., Rajbhandari et al. 2012, plus supplement 2015)Most recent floraFlora of Nepal (publication ongoing, only vol. 3 published [Watson et al., ed., 2011]; Handbook of Flowering Plants of Nepal (Vol. 1 of 2, Shrestha et al. 2018); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 3 of 50 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFraser-Jenkins et al. (2015-2020): Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal, Volume 1-3 (complete); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001); The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984); Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978)Major Flora Websites:www.floraofnepal.org | |||||||
more | Bhutan | BHU | 47.000 | ++ | 4964 | 4687 | 155 |
4964All Species 4687Indigenous Species 4670Indigenous Species except Microspecies 155Endemic Species 153Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 535 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
19 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
105 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
675 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
382 Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
2971 Dicotyledons (of them 127 endemic)
17 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
277 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Bhutan (Grierson & Long, eds., 1983-2002, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, few volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophytes of Bhutan (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2009); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001) | |||||||
more | India (incl. Assam, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Chumbi, Jammu & Kashmir, excl. Andaman and Nicobar Isl., excl. Lakshadweep Isl.) | IND | 3.279.173 | o | 17763 | 16611 | 4524 |
17763All Species 16611Indigenous Species 16413Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4524Endemic Species 4416Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 24.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1028 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 52 endemic)
62 Gymnosperms (of them 20 endemic)
489 Basal Angiosperms (of them 223 endemic)
3029 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 975 endemic)
1222 Orchids (of them 367 endemic)
10781 Dicotyledons (of them 2887 endemic)
198 Microspecies (of them 108 endemic)
1152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlowering Plants of India (Checklist, Karthikeyan et al. 2009, 1 of ca. 10 vols. published); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)Most recent floraFlora of India (Sharma et al., eds., 1993 ff., 8 of 23 vols. published); Fascicles of Flora of India (1978 ff., 26 vols. published); numerous regional floras in India; Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, few volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesAnnotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018), Part III (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2020); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); Illustrated Manual of Ferns of Assam (Borthakur et al. 2000); The Ferns of India: Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution (Chandra 2000); Fern flora of South India (Nampy & Madhusoodanan 1998); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsA catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994); Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998); Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999); Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991); Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986); Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981); Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995); Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000); Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987); Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995); Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976); The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966); The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986); Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999) | |||||||
more | Lakshadweep Isl. (Laccadives) | LDV | 32 | ++ | 342 | 186 | 0 |
342All Species 186Indigenous Species 186Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
45 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
135 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
156 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraPlant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands (C. S. Reddy & P. S. Roy 2012) | |||||||
more | Maldives | MDV | 298 | o | 360 | 190 | 0 |
360All Species 190Indigenous Species 190Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
130 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
170 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistList of Addu vascular plants (Fosberg et al. 1966) | |||||||
more | Sri Lanka | SRL | 65.610 | ++ | 4274 | 3600 | 889 |
4274All Species 3600Indigenous Species 3599Indigenous Species except Microspecies 889Endemic Species 889Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 20.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 332 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 37 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
110 Basal Angiosperms (of them 50 endemic)
721 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 95 endemic)
197 Orchids (of them 62 endemic)
2238 Dicotyledons (of them 644 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
674 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraA revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon (Dassayanake, ed., 1980-2006, 15 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesA revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, vol. 15/1-2 (Shaffer-Fehre, ed., 2006); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); An annotated check-list of the Pteridophytes of Ceylon (Sledge 1982)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981) | |||||||
more | Bangladesh | BAN | 147.570 | ++ | 3264 | 2840 | 30 |
3264All Species 2840Indigenous Species 2840Indigenous Species except Microspecies 30Endemic Species 30Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 217 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
87 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
448 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
161 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1920 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
424 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Bangladesh (Khan, ed., 1975 ff., partially published); Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vols. 5-12 (Ahmed, ed., 2007-2009, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesEncyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vol. 5 (2007)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Bangladesh, vol. ## | |||||||
INDOCHINA (41) | |||||||
more | Andaman Isl. | AND | 6.496 | + | 2013 | 1653 | 148 |
2013All Species 1653Indigenous Species 1653Indigenous Species except Microspecies 148Endemic Species 148Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 79 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
92 Basal Angiosperms (of them 16 endemic)
291 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
96 Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
1086 Dicotyledons (of them 85 endemic)
360 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPlant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)Most recent floraFlora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesAnnotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Nicobar Isl. | NCB | 1.800 | + | 1467 | 1206 | 63 |
1467All Species 1206Indigenous Species 1206Indigenous Species except Microspecies 63Endemic Species 63Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 94 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
61 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
227 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
59 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
758 Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic)
261 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPlant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020)Most recent floraFlora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999 ff.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesAnnotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Myanmar | MYA | 676.552 | + | 10540 | 9704 | 1146 |
10540All Species 9704Indigenous Species 9698Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1146Endemic Species 1144Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 745 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
40 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
369 Basal Angiosperms (of them 69 endemic)
1422 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 155 endemic)
1024 Orchids (of them 106 endemic)
6104 Dicotyledons (of them 805 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
836 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar (Smithsonian Institute); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesA Contribution Toward the Knowledge of Ferns and Lycophytes from Northern and Northwestern Myanmar (Khine et al. 2017); The ferns of Burma (Dickason 1946)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsAn annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora (Aung et al. 2020) | |||||||
more | Thailand | THA | 513.115 | + | 10146 | 9783 | 1910 |
10146All Species 9783Indigenous Species 9783Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1910Endemic Species 1910Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 741 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 29 endemic)
33 Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
404 Basal Angiosperms (of them 129 endemic)
1603 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 386 endemic)
1220 Orchids (of them 167 endemic)
5782 Dicotyledons (of them 1194 endemic)
363 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora of Thailand (Smitinand et al., eds., 1981-2020, ca. 60% complete, to be continued)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesLindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Flora of Thailand, Vol. 3/1-4 (Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1979-1989); Pteridophytes in Thailand (Boonkeerd & Pollawatn 2000)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsContributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998); A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/1 (Orchidaceae 1) (Pedersen et al. 2011); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/2 (Orchidaceae 2) (Pedersen et al. 2014)Major Flora Websites:https://www.thailandnatureproject.com/angiosperms---flowering-plants.html | |||||||
more | Laos | LAO | 236.800 | + | 5128 | 4828 | 296 |
5128All Species 4828Indigenous Species 4828Indigenous Species except Microspecies 296Endemic Species 296Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 283 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
33 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
186 Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
791 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 92 endemic)
524 Orchids (of them 32 endemic)
3011 Dicotyledons (of them 159 endemic)
300 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR (Jin et al. 2016, very data deficient); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2014, 35 vols. published, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesLindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992) | |||||||
more | Cambodia | CBD | 181.035 | + | 4141 | 3829 | 164 |
4141All Species 3829Indigenous Species 3829Indigenous Species except Microspecies 164Endemic Species 164Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 197 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
17 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
152 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
636 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 25 endemic)
296 Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
2531 Dicotyledons (of them 121 endemic)
312 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia (Cho et al. 2016); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2014, 35 vols. published, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesLindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992) | |||||||
more | Vietnam | VIE | 331.690 | + | 11412 | 10699 | 2492 |
11412All Species 10699Indigenous Species 10698Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2492Endemic Species 2492Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 857 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 61 endemic)
60 Gymnosperms (of them 16 endemic)
608 Basal Angiosperms (of them 176 endemic)
1462 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 482 endemic)
1073 Orchids (of them 283 endemic)
6639 Dicotyledons (of them 1474 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
713 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraCâyco Viêtnam (Pham Hoàng Hô, 1991-1993, 6 vols., complete); Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2014, 35 vols. published, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951); Cay Co Vietnam (An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam), vol. 1 (Pham-Hoang Ho (1991)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992); Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994); Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988); Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004) | |||||||
MALESIA (42) | |||||||
more | peninsular Malaysia (incl. Langkawi Isl.) | MLY | 132.246 | + | 9150 | 8878 | 2148 |
9150All Species 8878Indigenous Species 8878Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2148Endemic Species 2148Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 23.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 687 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 45 endemic)
33 Gymnosperms (of them 7 endemic)
649 Basal Angiosperms (of them 214 endemic)
1355 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 364 endemic)
928 Orchids (of them 183 endemic)
5226 Dicotyledons (of them 1335 endemic)
272 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora of peninsular Malaysia (Parris, Kiew, eds., 2010 ff., 5 vols. published, to be continued); Flora MalesianaAdditional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013) (Parris et al., eds.) (to be continued); A revised Flora of Malaya II: Ferns of Malaya, ed. 2 (Holttum 1966)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992) | |||||||
more | Singapore | SNG | 710 | ++ | 2634 | 2188 | 19 |
2634All Species 2188Indigenous Species 2188Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19Endemic Species 19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 171 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
179 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
318 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
224 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1288 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
446 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore (Chong et al. 2009)Most recent floraThe concise flora of Singapore (Keng, 2 vols., 1990, 1998); Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013) (Parris et al., eds.) (to be continued); A Guide to the Ferns of Singapore (Wee 1987)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992); A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995) | |||||||
more | Sumatera (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simeulue, Lingga Arch., Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, Batu) | SUM | 425.150 | o | 7020 | 6914 | 2024 |
7020All Species 6914Indigenous Species 6914Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2024Endemic Species 2024Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 28.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 739 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 135 endemic)
33 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
365 Basal Angiosperms (of them 129 endemic)
878 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 281 endemic)
1158 Orchids (of them 474 endemic)
3741 Dicotyledons (of them 1003 endemic)
106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001) | |||||||
more | South China Sea Isl. | SCS | 2 | - | 40 | 31 | 0 |
40All Species 31Indigenous Species 31Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
20 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
9 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
| |||||||
more | Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei) | BOR | 743.384 | o | 11505 | 11406 | 5686 |
11505All Species 11406Indigenous Species 11406Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5686Endemic Species 5686Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 49.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 996 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 264 endemic)
54 Gymnosperms (of them 20 endemic)
671 Basal Angiosperms (of them 332 endemic)
1563 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 918 endemic)
1720 Orchids (of them 929 endemic)
6402 Dicotyledons (of them 3223 endemic)
99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); The plants of Mount Kinabalu (2 vols. published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsA Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003); Bulbophyllum of Borneo (Vermeulen, O'Byrne & Lamb 2015) | |||||||
more | Brunei | BRN | 5.765 | + | 1371 | 1356 | 101 |
1371All Species 1356Indigenous Species 1356Indigenous Species except Microspecies 101Endemic Species 101Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
157 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
149 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
225 Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
804 Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic)
15 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996) | |||||||
more | Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe, Kabaena) | SUL | 189.070 | - | 4367 | 4281 | 1367 |
4367All Species 4281Indigenous Species 4281Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1367Endemic Species 1367Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 31.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 783 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 86 endemic)
30 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
143 Basal Angiosperms (of them 60 endemic)
542 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 208 endemic)
666 Orchids (of them 380 endemic)
2117 Dicotyledons (of them 632 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia (Keßler et al. 2002); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Hovenkamp, P. (2013 onwards): Ferns of Sulawesi - Checklist. sulawesiferns.myspecies.infoAdditional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002) | |||||||
more | Palawan (incl. Busuanga, Culion) | PLW | 14.649 | o | 1518 | 1510 | 228 |
1518All Species 1510Indigenous Species 1510Indigenous Species except Microspecies 228Endemic Species 228Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 232 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
81 Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
218 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
26 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
944 Dicotyledons (of them 178 endemic)
8 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistwww.philippineplants.orgMost recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Checklist by J. F. Barcelona (pers. comm.)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)Major Flora Websites:www.philippineplants.org | |||||||
more | Philippines (excl. Palawan, Sulu Arch.) | PHI | 325.000 | + | 9434 | 8745 | 4389 |
9434All Species 8745Indigenous Species 8745Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4389Endemic Species 4389Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 46.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1017 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 243 endemic)
38 Gymnosperms (of them 12 endemic)
400 Basal Angiosperms (of them 235 endemic)
1028 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 344 endemic)
1194 Orchids (of them 832 endemic)
5068 Dicotyledons (of them 2723 endemic)
689 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistwww.philippineplants.orgMost recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org); Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna, Vol. 2 (Zamora & Co 1986)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)Major Flora Websites:www.philippineplants.org | |||||||
more | Jawa (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch., Bawean) | JAW | 130.520 | + | 6726 | 5420 | 849 |
6726All Species 5420Indigenous Species 5418Indigenous Species except Microspecies 849Endemic Species 848Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 548 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 43 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
216 Basal Angiosperms (of them 38 endemic)
796 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 101 endemic)
786 Orchids (of them 189 endemic)
3059 Dicotyledons (of them 478 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
1306 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora of Java (Backer & van den Brink, 1963-1968, outdated); Flora Malesiana (about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Java (Comber 1991) | |||||||
more | Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Alor, Wetar) [incl. East Timor] | LSI | 80.000 | o | 2446 | 2343 | 349 |
2446All Species 2343Indigenous Species 2343Indigenous Species except Microspecies 349Endemic Species 349Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 365 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
14 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
42 Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
301 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 33 endemic)
205 Orchids (of them 50 endemic)
1416 Dicotyledons (of them 240 endemic)
103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014) [not seen by authors]Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The Ferns of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Posthumus 1944); On the Ferns of Sumba (Posthumus 1930); A preliminary Study on Pteridophytes of Lombok: List of the Species (Wardani & Jaenudin 2013)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Timor: checklist (Silveira et al. 2008); Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014); Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002) | |||||||
more | Moluccas [Maluku] (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, Sulu Arch.) | MOL | 74.500 | o | 3460 | 3392 | 711 |
3460All Species 3392Indigenous Species 3392Indigenous Species except Microspecies 711Endemic Species 711Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 20.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 682 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 91 endemic)
30 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
159 Basal Angiosperms (of them 47 endemic)
384 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 76 endemic)
442 Orchids (of them 173 endemic)
1695 Dicotyledons (of them 324 endemic)
68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); Taxonomic Studies of Pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) (in 12 parts) (Kato 1988-2007)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002) | |||||||
more | Cocos (Keeling) Islands | CKI | 14 | ++ | 129 | 74 | 0 |
129All Species 74Indigenous Species 74Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
21 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
52 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
55 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)Major Flora Websites:https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
more | Christmas Isl. (Austr.) | XMS | 135 | ++ | 380 | 219 | 18 |
380All Species 219Indigenous Species 219Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18Endemic Species 18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
29 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
141 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
161 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)Major Flora Websites:https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
PAPUASIA (43) | |||||||
more | New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Goodenough Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell, Yapen, Biak, Waigeu Islands etc.) | NWG | 800.000 | - | 13685 | 13469 | 9348 |
13685All Species 13469Indigenous Species 13469Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9348Endemic Species 9348Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 68.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1302 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 601 endemic)
62 Gymnosperms (of them 20 endemic)
773 Basal Angiosperms (of them 632 endemic)
1681 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 982 endemic)
2830 Orchids (of them 2374 endemic)
6821 Dicotyledons (of them 4739 endemic)
216 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far), Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea (3 vols. published, outdated)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued); The ferns and fern-allies of Papua New Guinea (Johns & Bellamy, 1979 ff., in 12 parts); A Checklist of the Fern Allies, Ferns and Gymnosperms of the N. E. Kepala Burung (Vogelkop), Irian Jaya, Indonesia (Edwards, Johns & Kowalska 2012)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsChecklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010). | |||||||
more | Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admirality Isl., Manus Isl., Umboi, etc.) | BIS | 48.500 | - - | 1460 | 1441 | 270 |
1460All Species 1441Indigenous Species 1441Indigenous Species except Microspecies 270Endemic Species 270Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 259 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
52 Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic)
185 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 73 endemic)
259 Orchids (of them 52 endemic)
670 Dicotyledons (of them 115 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for naturalists (Peekel 1947, reprint 1985, very incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-4 (to be continued)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsChecklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010). | |||||||
more | Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville, excl. Santa Cruz Isl.) | SOL | 35.926 | - | 1900 | 1875 | 480 |
1900All Species 1875Indigenous Species 1875Indigenous Species except Microspecies 480Endemic Species 480Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 25.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 446 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 35 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
82 Basal Angiosperms (of them 38 endemic)
206 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 79 endemic)
310 Orchids (of them 41 endemic)
816 Dicotyledons (of them 285 endemic)
25 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991) | |||||||
AUSTRALASIA (5) | |||||||
AUSTRALIA (50) | |||||||
more | Australia (incl. Tasmania, excl. other islands) | AUS | 7.690.849 | + | 23310 | 21138 | 18205 |
23310All Species 21138Indigenous Species 21117Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18205Endemic Species 18205Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 78.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 454 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 152 endemic)
119 Gymnosperms (of them 104 endemic)
295 Basal Angiosperms (of them 240 endemic)
2900 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2176 endemic)
1503 Orchids (of them 1356 endemic)
15867 Dicotyledons (of them 14177 endemic)
21 Microspecies (of them endemic)
2172 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCensus of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020, very data deficient)Most recent floraFlora of Australia (1982 ff., 29 vols. published, about 60% complete); Flora of Victoria (1993-1999, complete); Flora of New South Wales (2000-2002, 2 vols. published); Flora of the Darwin region (Dunlop et al., 1995); Flora of South Eastern Queensland (1983-1989, 3 vols.); Flora of South Australia (1980-1986, 2 vols. published); The Student's Flora of Tasmania (5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Australia, Volume 48 (1998); Flora of South Australia (Jessop & Toelken 1986); The Ferns of Tasmania (Garrett 1997); Ferns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia (Duncan & Isaac 1994); Flora of Victoria, Vol. 2 (Walsh & Entwistle, ed., 1994)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsCatalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989); Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987); A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960); Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990); Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998); The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995); Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989); Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001)Major Flora Websites:https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/search/advanced; https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
more | Ashmore Reef & Cartier Isl. | ASH | 1 | ++ | 16 | 15 | 0 |
16All Species 15Indigenous Species 15Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
12 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Australia 49 (Oceanic Islands 1) (1994)Major Flora Websites:https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
more | Lord Howe Isl. | LHI | 154 | ++ | 499 | 282 | 84 |
499All Species 282Indigenous Species 282Indigenous Species except Microspecies 84Endemic Species 84Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 20 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
56 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
12 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
147 Dicotyledons (of them 50 endemic)
217 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)Major Flora Websites:https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
more | Norfolk Isl. (incl. Philip Isl.) | NFK | 39 | ++ | 452 | 198 | 33 |
452All Species 198Indigenous Species 198Indigenous Species except Microspecies 33Endemic Species 33Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 47 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
37 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
10 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
99 Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic)
254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)Major Flora Websites:https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apni | |||||||
NEW ZEALAND (51) | |||||||
more | New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl., Snares Isl., excl. remote islands) | NZL | 270.000 | ++ | 4007 | 2280 | 1505 |
4007All Species 2280Indigenous Species 2260Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1505Endemic Species 1504Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 37.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 191 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 31 endemic)
22 Gymnosperms (of them 21 endemic)
22 Basal Angiosperms (of them 13 endemic)
472 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 268 endemic)
119 Orchids (of them 52 endemic)
1454 Dicotyledons (of them 1120 endemic)
20 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
1727 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete); The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand (Fineran 1969)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)Major Flora Websites:http://www.nzpcn.org.nz/factsheet_index.aspx | |||||||
more | Kermadec Isl. | KER | 36 | ++ | 145 | 102 | 15 |
145All Species 102Indigenous Species 102Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15Endemic Species 15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 39 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
22 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
37 Dicotyledons (of them 9 endemic)
43 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistKermadec Islands Flora: An annotated checklist (Sykes 1977); New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) | |||||||
more | Chatham Isl. | CTM | 963 | ++ | 805 | 417 | 40 |
805All Species 417Indigenous Species 415Indigenous Species except Microspecies 40Endemic Species 40Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 101 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
95 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
34 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
186 Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
388 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of vascular plants recorded from Chatham Islands (De Lange et al. 2011); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey et al. 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) | |||||||
more | Antipodes Isl. | ATP | 60 | ++ | 67 | 67 | 5 |
67All Species 67Indigenous Species 67Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5Endemic Species 5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
16 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
27 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
Most recent checklistChecklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) | |||||||
more | Auckland Isl. | AUC | 551 | ++ | 248 | 175 | 2 |
248All Species 175Indigenous Species 175Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
48 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
77 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
73 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) | |||||||
PACIFIC (6) | |||||||
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC (60) | |||||||
more | Santa Cruz Isl. (Vanikoro, etc.) | SCZ | 815 | - | 140 | 139 | 10 |
140All Species 139Indigenous Species 139Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10Endemic Species 10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
8 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
32 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
56 Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Loyalty Isl., Ile Art) | NWC | 19.058 | o | 3954 | 3436 | 2603 |
3954All Species 3436Indigenous Species 3436Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2603Endemic Species 2603Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 65.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 282 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 115 endemic)
54 Gymnosperms (of them 48 endemic)
111 Basal Angiosperms (of them 101 endemic)
364 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 189 endemic)
216 Orchids (of them 108 endemic)
2409 Dicotyledons (of them 2042 endemic)
518 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (1967-2014, 26 vols. published, to be continued)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 3 (Brownlie 1969)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977); Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995); Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13)Major Flora Websites:www.endemia.nc | |||||||
more | Vanuatu | VAN | 12.190 | - | 866 | 846 | 189 |
866All Species 846Indigenous Species 846Indigenous Species except Microspecies 189Endemic Species 189Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 190 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic)
6 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
23 Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic)
88 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 35 endemic)
183 Orchids (of them 18 endemic)
356 Dicotyledons (of them 109 endemic)
20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
| |||||||
more | Rotuma Isl. | ROT | 43 | + | 497 | 237 | 7 |
497All Species 237Indigenous Species 237Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7Endemic Species 7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 33 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
11 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
48 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
141 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
260 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names (McClatchley et al. 2000)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns of Rotuma Island, a Descriptive Manual (St. John 1954)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Tonga | TON | 750 | o | 784 | 537 | 31 |
784All Species 537Indigenous Species 537Indigenous Species except Microspecies 31Endemic Species 31Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 91 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
20 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
75 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
45 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
304 Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
247 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraPlants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959); The vegetation of Late, Tonga (Sykes 1981); Rain forest vegetation of 'Eua Island (Drake et al. 1996); The rare plants of Tonga (Whistler 2011)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe Pteridophytes of 'Eua, Southern Tonga (Sykes 1978); New or noteworthy ferns from the Tongan Islands (Iwatsuki 1963)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Niue Isl. | NUE | 264 | o | 567 | 224 | 3 |
567All Species 224Indigenous Species 224Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
32 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
19 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
138 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
343 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraThe flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943); Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970) | |||||||
more | Fiji | FIJ | 18.376 | ++ | 2523 | 1707 | 799 |
2523All Species 1707Indigenous Species 1707Indigenous Species except Microspecies 799Endemic Species 799Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 31.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 308 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 55 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
101 Basal Angiosperms (of them 77 endemic)
153 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 47 endemic)
175 Orchids (of them 46 endemic)
958 Dicotyledons (of them 569 endemic)
816 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Vitiensis nova (A.C. Smith, 1971-1996, 5 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe pteridophyte flora of Fiji (Brownlie 1977); A revised Checklist of Fijian ferns and lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie 2011)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991) | |||||||
more | Wallis & Futuna | WAL | 177 | + | 160 | 155 | 4 |
160All Species 155Indigenous Species 155Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species 4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 30 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
10 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
26 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
81 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
5 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraThe vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971); Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985) | |||||||
more | American Samoa | ASA | 197 | o | 684 | 560 | 18 |
684All Species 560Indigenous Species 560Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18Endemic Species 18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 152 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
22 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
62 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
69 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
255 Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); A study of the rare plants of American Samoa (Whistler 1998); Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesA revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996) | |||||||
more | [Western] Samoa | SAM | 2.831 | o | 1012 | 879 | 190 |
1012All Species 879Indigenous Species 879Indigenous Species except Microspecies 190Endemic Species 190Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 226 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 20 endemic)
37 Basal Angiosperms (of them 13 endemic)
103 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 29 endemic)
111 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
402 Dicotyledons (of them 120 endemic)
133 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa (Whistler 1983); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesA revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996) | |||||||
more | Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.) | TUV | 26 | o | 83 | 56 | 0 |
83All Species 56Indigenous Species 56Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
9 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
38 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
27 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraVegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985) | |||||||
more | Tokelau Isl. (incl. Swains Isl.) | TOK | 14 | + | 106 | 56 | 0 |
106All Species 56Indigenous Species 56Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
29 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
50 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraThe vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971); The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983) | |||||||
more | Phoenix Islands (Kiribati p. p.) | PHX | 42 | + | 83 | 41 | 0 |
83All Species 41Indigenous Species 41Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
28 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994) | |||||||
more | Gilbert Islands (Kiribati p. p.) | GIL | 311 | + | 213 | 99 | 1 |
213All Species 99Indigenous Species 99Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
31 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
61 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
114 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlora of the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, checklist (Fosberg & Sachet 1987); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraVegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992) | |||||||
more | Banaba (Ocean Isl., Kiribati p. p.) | OCE | 6 | o | 28 | 21 | 0 |
28All Species 21Indigenous Species 21Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
16 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistGeographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) | |||||||
more | Nauru | NRU | 21 | ++ | 126 | 51 | 0 |
126All Species 51Indigenous Species 51Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
35 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraVegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992); The Flora of Nauru (Thaman et al. 1994) | |||||||
more | Pacific Equatorial Sporades (incl. Howland Isl., Baker Isl.) | HBI | 5 | - | 1 | 1 | 0 |
1All Species 1Indigenous Species 1Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
| |||||||
SOUTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (61) | |||||||
more | Line Isl. (Kiribati p. p., incl. Christmas Isl. = Kiritimati) | LIN | 757 | + | 172 | 60 | 3 |
172All Species 60Indigenous Species 60Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
17 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
37 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
112 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985)Most recent floraNotes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971); Vegetation History of Washington Island (Teraina), Northern Line Islands (Wester et al. 1992); Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 1962) | |||||||
more | Cook Isl. (incl. Rarotonga Isl.) | COO | 230 | + | 569 | 282 | 41 |
569All Species 282Indigenous Species 282Indigenous Species except Microspecies 41Endemic Species 41Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 67 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
53 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
10 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
140 Dicotyledons (of them 18 endemic)
287 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Rarotonga (Wilder 1931); Flora of Cook Islands (2016) | |||||||
more | Marquesas Isl. | MRQ | 1.020 | + | 621 | 396 | 176 |
621All Species 396Indigenous Species 396Indigenous Species except Microspecies 176Endemic Species 176Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 28.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 114 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 33 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
58 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
209 Dicotyledons (of them 113 endemic)
225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklisthttp://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/Most recent floraFlora of the Marquesas (M.-H. Sachet), 1 vol. published; Guide floristique - Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou (Butaud 2014); Guide floristique - Niva Oa, Tahuata, Fatuiva (Butaud 2014)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)Major Flora Websites:http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/ | |||||||
more | Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.) | GBI | 450 | + | 78 | 47 | 6 |
78All Species 47Indigenous Species 47Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
30 Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCensus of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988)Most recent floraLa vegetation des iles Gambier (Huguenin 1974); Chock & Hamilton (1962); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Gambier - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) | |||||||
more | Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Makatea, etc.) | SCI | 1.628 | ++ | 1219 | 651 | 237 |
1219All Species 651Indigenous Species 650Indigenous Species except Microspecies 237Endemic Species 237Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 197 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 52 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
20 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
68 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
35 Orchids (of them 14 endemic)
330 Dicotyledons (of them 155 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
568 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Societensis (Welsh 1998); Botanique de l'ile de Tupai (Sachet 1983); Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophytes of Society Islands (Copeland 1931)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Societensis (Welsh 1998) | |||||||
more | Tuamotu Arch. (excl. Gambier Isl.) | TUA | 450 | + | 309 | 141 | 11 |
309All Species 141Indigenous Species 141Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11Endemic Species 11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
33 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
92 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
168 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flora of Maupiti (Fosberg & Sachet 19??); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Atolls soulevés des Tuamotu (Polynésie francaise) Butaud & Jacq 2009); Tuamotu de l'ouest - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013); Tuamotu du centre - Guide floristique (Butaud 2010); Tuamotu de l'est - Guide Floristique (Butaud 2009)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) | |||||||
more | Austral Isl. (Tubuai Isl., incl. Rapa Isl.) | AUI | 148 | + | 597 | 368 | 102 |
597All Species 368Indigenous Species 368Indigenous Species except Microspecies 102Endemic Species 102Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 17.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 102 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 20 endemic)
9 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
11 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
188 Dicotyledons (of them 71 endemic)
229 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistLes Orchidees du Tubuai, suives d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des Iles Australes (Hallé 1980)Most recent floraFlora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae (Australes) (Butaud 2014)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsLes orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980); Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) | |||||||
more | Pitcairn Isl. (incl. Oeno Atoll) | PIT | 6 | + | 80 | 61 | 13 |
80All Species 61Indigenous Species 61Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13Endemic Species 13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 20 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
4 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
33 Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987); List of the flora of Oeno Atoll (St. John & Philipson 1960)Most recent floraFlora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe pteridophyte flora of Pitcairn Island (Brownlie 1961); Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll) | HEN | 37 | ++ | 61 | 58 | 6 |
61All Species 58Indigenous Species 58Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
7 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
40 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraHenderson Island (Southeast Polynesia): Summary of current knowledge (Fosberg et al. 1983); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Ducie Atoll (Rehder & Rantall 1975)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) | |||||||
more | Easter Island (Rapa Nui) | EAS | 180 | o | 30 | 26 | 9 |
30All Species 26Indigenous Species 26Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9Endemic Species 9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 13 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic)
8 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
5 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
4 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraVegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998); Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991) | |||||||
NORTH WEST PACIFIC (62) | |||||||
more | Minami-Torishima (Marcus Isl.) | MCU | 2 | - | 22 | 9 | 0 |
22All Species 9Indigenous Species 9Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
13 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraAn Ecological Perspective of Marcus Island (Sakagami 1961) | |||||||
more | Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, Western Carolines) | PLU | 516 | o | 1097 | 718 | 139 |
1097All Species 718Indigenous Species 718Indigenous Species except Microspecies 139Endemic Species 139Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 122 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
164 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
64 Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
350 Dicotyledons (of them 81 endemic)
379 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraFlora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993) | |||||||
more | Northern Marianas | MRN | 464 | + | 671 | 355 | 20 |
671All Species 355Indigenous Species 355Indigenous Species except Microspecies 20Endemic Species 20Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
77 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
189 Dicotyledons (of them 16 endemic)
316 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraVascular flora of the northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al. 1975-1980)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFerns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992) | |||||||
more | Guam | GUM | 540 | o | 1033 | 414 | 12 |
1033All Species 414Indigenous Species 414Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12Endemic Species 12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
114 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
28 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
205 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
619 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistGeographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraThe Flora of Guam (Stone 1970)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFerns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992) | |||||||
more | Federal States of Micronesia (Central and Eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae) | MIC | 702 | + | 1207 | 694 | 126 |
1207All Species 694Indigenous Species 694Indigenous Species except Microspecies 126Endemic Species 126Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 143 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
13 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
146 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic)
63 Orchids (of them 27 endemic)
327 Dicotyledons (of them 70 endemic)
513 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Vascular Plants of Pohnpei (Herrera et al. 2010); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraFlora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993); Flora of Ponape (Glassmann 1952) | |||||||
more | Marshall Isl. | MRS | 174 | o | 386 | 128 | 0 |
386All Species 128Indigenous Species 128Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 10 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
32 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
81 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
258 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistGeographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraVascular Plants recorded from Jaluit Atoll (Fosberg & Sachet 1962); A review of the natural history of the Marshall Islands (Fosberg 1990); Vegetation of Bikini Atoll (Fosberg 1988) | |||||||
more | Wake Isl. | WAK | 8 | o | 110 | 34 | 1 |
110All Species 34Indigenous Species 34Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 10 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
76 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistGeographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg)Most recent floraVegetation and flora of Wake Island (Fosberg 1959); Wake Island vegetation and flora, 1961-1963 (Fosberg & Sachet 1969) | |||||||
NORTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (63) | |||||||
more | Hawaii (incl. Johnston Atoll, Midway Isl.) | HAW | 16.729 | ++ | 2387 | 1226 | 1057 |
2387All Species 1226Indigenous Species 1225Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1057Endemic Species 1057Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 44.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 169 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 120 endemic)
27 Basal Angiosperms (of them 24 endemic)
142 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 95 endemic)
3 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
885 Dicotyledons (of them 815 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1161 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraManual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2., rev. ed., Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns of Hawai’i (Valier 1995)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsMajor Flora Websites:BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 | |||||||
NORTH AMERICA (7) | |||||||
ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA (70) | |||||||
more | Alaska (incl. Aleutes) | ASK | 1.530.000 | ++ | 1521 | 1325 | 35 |
1521All Species 1325Indigenous Species 1322Indigenous Species except Microspecies 35Endemic Species 35Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 85 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
13 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
362 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
29 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
832 Dicotyledons (of them 29 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)Most recent floraFlora of Alaska and neighboring territories (Hulten 1968); Flora of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1960); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)Major Flora Websites:BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 | |||||||
more | Greenland | GNL | 2.175.600 | ++ | 520 | 425 | 11 |
520All Species 425Indigenous Species 418Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11Endemic Species 9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 37 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
147 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
236 Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
7 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic)
95 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the vascular plants of Greenland (2nd ed., Holmen 1968); A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980)Most recent floraFlora of Canada (Scoggan, ed., 1978-1979); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 | |||||||
CANADA (70-72) | |||||||
more | Canada | CDN | 9.970.610 | ++ | 4959 | 3877 | 72 |
4959All Species 3877Indigenous Species 3817Indigenous Species except Microspecies 72Endemic Species 59Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 172 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
37 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
21 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
967 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
75 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2605 Dicotyledons (of them 63 endemic)
60 Microspecies (of them 13 endemic)
1082 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov)Most recent floraThe flora of Canada (Scoggan 1978, 1979, 4 vols.); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesLes fougeres et les plantes alliees du Canada (Cody & Britton 1989); Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search | |||||||
more | St. Pierre & Miquelon | SPM | 242 | ++ | 512 | 404 | 0 |
512All Species 404Indigenous Species 401Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 40 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
153 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
196 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them endemic)
108 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraLes plantes vasculaires des iles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (LeGallo 1954); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 | |||||||
USA (73-78) | |||||||
more | USA (Lower 48 States) | USA | 8.262.426 | ++ | 18885 | 15611 | 7522 |
18885All Species 15611Indigenous Species 15303Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7522Endemic Species 7274Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 38.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 435 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 73 endemic)
117 Gymnosperms (of them 26 endemic)
95 Basal Angiosperms (of them 41 endemic)
2704 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1018 endemic)
203 Orchids (of them 51 endemic)
12057 Dicotyledons (of them 6313 endemic)
308 Microspecies (of them 248 endemic)
3274 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistA Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980)Most recent floraFlora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)Major Flora Websites:http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 | |||||||
more | Bermuda | BER | 53 | + | 209 | 137 | 11 |
209All Species 137Indigenous Species 137Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11Endemic Species 11Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 19 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
38 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
76 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
72 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora of Bermuda (Britton 1918) | |||||||
MEXICO (79) | |||||||
more | Mexico | MEX | 1.964.382 | + | 24945 | 23888 | 11951 |
24945All Species 23888Indigenous Species 23877Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11951Endemic Species 11947Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 47.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1042 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 193 endemic)
168 Gymnosperms (of them 89 endemic)
641 Basal Angiosperms (of them 324 endemic)
3363 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1490 endemic)
1324 Orchids (of them 583 endemic)
17350 Dicotyledons (of them 9272 endemic)
11 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic)
1057 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico (Villasenor 2016); numerous state checklistsMost recent floraNumerous state floras (and Flora Novo-Galiciana); Flora Mesoamericana (southern Mexico only, 12 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004); Flora Novo-Galiciana, Volume 17 (McVaugh 1992); Pteridophytes. Flora of Chiapas, part 2 (Smith 1981); Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico (Mickel & Beitel 1988); Ferns and fern allies of Chihuahua, Mexico (Knobloch & Correll 1962); Listados floristicos de Mexico. IX. Flora de Durango (Elizondo et al. 1991); Flora de Mexico, Volume 6, parts 1-3: Pteridophyta (1993-1995)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988); Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003) | |||||||
more | Isla Guadalupe | GLP | 244 | ++ | 200 | 152 | 23 |
200All Species 152Indigenous Species 152Indigenous Species except Microspecies 23Endemic Species 23Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
15 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
125 Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic)
48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraThe Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico (Moran 1996)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsListado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988) | |||||||
more | Revillagigedo Isl. (incl. Socorro Isl.) | RGI | 157 | + | 186 | 152 | 26 |
186All Species 152Indigenous Species 152Indigenous Species except Microspecies 26Endemic Species 26Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 17 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
4 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
24 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
103 Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic)
34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraThe vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
TROPICAL AMERICA (8) | |||||||
CENTRAL AMERICA (80) | |||||||
more | Guatemala | GUA | 108.889 | o | 8159 | 7859 | 632 |
8159All Species 7859Indigenous Species 7855Indigenous Species except Microspecies 632Endemic Species 632Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 719 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
30 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
320 Basal Angiosperms (of them 62 endemic)
1198 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 62 endemic)
938 Orchids (of them 182 endemic)
4654 Dicotyledons (of them 321 endemic)
4 Microspecies (of them endemic)
300 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts); Flora of Guatemala (Standley, ed., 1958-1977)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala, pt. 1-3 (Stolze 1976-83)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=3 | |||||||
more | Belize | BLZ | 22.965 | + | 3623 | 3377 | 63 |
3623All Species 3377Indigenous Species 3376Indigenous Species except Microspecies 63Endemic Species 63Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 261 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
9 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
127 Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
620 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic)
297 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
2063 Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
246 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick et al. 2000)Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000); Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=3 | |||||||
more | El Salvador | ELS | 21.041 | o | 2940 | 2741 | 42 |
2940All Species 2741Indigenous Species 2741Indigenous Species except Microspecies 42Endemic Species 42Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 372 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
72 Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic)
424 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
408 Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
1454 Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic)
199 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); An Annotated Checklist of the Monilophytes (Ferns) and Lycophytes of El Salvador (Monterrosa & Monro 2008); Una guia taxonomica para helechos de El Salvador (Seiler 1980); Listado de la flora Salvadorensis / Pteridophyta (Pfeiffer-Berendsohn 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=3 | |||||||
more | Honduras | HON | 112.492 | + | 7591 | 6651 | 197 |
7591All Species 6651Indigenous Species 6651Indigenous Species except Microspecies 197Endemic Species 197Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 649 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
27 Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic)
311 Basal Angiosperms (of them 21 endemic)
1116 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
616 Orchids (of them 9 endemic)
3932 Dicotyledons (of them 132 endemic)
940 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, espermatofitas (Nelson Sutherland et al. 2008)Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus. Pteridophyta (Sutherland et al. 1996)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=3 | |||||||
more | Nicaragua | NIC | 129.494 | ++ | 6346 | 5901 | 76 |
6346All Species 5901Indigenous Species 5900Indigenous Species except Microspecies 76Endemic Species 76Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 607 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
10 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
246 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
1020 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
633 Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
3385 Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
445 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts); Flora of Nicaragua (Stevens et al., eds.) (2001-2009, 4 vols., complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 4 (Helechos) (Gomez & Arbelaez 2009)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985); Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001)Major Flora Websites:http://legacy.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=3 | |||||||
more | Costa Rica (except Isla del Coco) | COS | 51.060 | ++ | 10939 | 10313 | 1742 |
10939All Species 10313Indigenous Species 10312Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1742Endemic Species 1742Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1145 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 103 endemic)
11 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
759 Basal Angiosperms (of them 313 endemic)
1572 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 179 endemic)
1521 Orchids (of them 468 endemic)
5305 Dicotyledons (of them 676 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
626 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraManual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999); Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992); Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002); Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Hammel et al., ed., 2003)Major Flora Websites:https://serv.biokic.asu.edu/neotrop/pla ... php?pid=10 | |||||||
more | Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.) | COC | 40 | ++ | 165 | 152 | 35 |
165All Species 152Indigenous Species 152Indigenous Species except Microspecies 35Endemic Species 35Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 17 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
26 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
6 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
60 Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
13 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistPreliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966)Most recent floraManual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of ca. 10 volumes published, plus numerous drafts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The ferns and fern-allies of Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Gomez 1975) [= Contribuciones a la pteridologia costarricense. VII. Pteridofita de la Isla de Cocos]Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Panama | PAN | 75.517 | + | 10059 | 9641 | 1437 |
10059All Species 9641Indigenous Species 9640Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1437Endemic Species 1437Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 946 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 42 endemic)
22 Gymnosperms (of them 11 endemic)
610 Basal Angiosperms (of them 111 endemic)
1613 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 289 endemic)
1381 Orchids (of them 336 endemic)
5069 Dicotyledons (of them 648 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
418 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistFlora of Panama, vol. 1: The introduction and checklist (d'Arcy 1987)Most recent floraFlora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of 12 volumes published, plus drafts of most remaining parts)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsAn updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama (Bogarin et al. 2014); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980)Major Flora Websites:https://serv.biokic.asu.edu/neotrop/pla ... php?pid=15 | |||||||
more | Clipperton Isl. | CLI | 30 | + | 28 | 15 | 0 |
28All Species 15Indigenous Species 15Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
13 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraFlora and vegetation of Clipperton Island (Sachet 1962) | |||||||
more | Isla Malpelo | MAL | 1 | o | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent floraThe biological investigation of Malpelo Island (Graham 1975) | |||||||
CARIBBEAN (81) | |||||||
more | Bahamas | BAH | 13.939 | + | 1327 | 1063 | 51 |
1327All Species 1063Indigenous Species 1062Indigenous Species except Microspecies 51Endemic Species 51Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 41 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
16 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
216 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic)
53 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
734 Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
264 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982); Endemic Seed Plants in the Bahamian Archipelago (Freid et al. 2014) | |||||||
more | Turks & Caicos Isl. | TCI | 430 | + | 417 | 364 | 7 |
417All Species 364Indigenous Species 364Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7Endemic Species 7Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
80 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
268 Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) | |||||||
more | Cuba | CUB | 114.525 | + | 6907 | 6042 | 2811 |
6907All Species 6042Indigenous Species 6042Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2811Endemic Species 2811Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 40.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 550 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 91 endemic)
12 Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic)
160 Basal Angiosperms (of them 73 endemic)
917 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 245 endemic)
315 Orchids (of them 102 endemic)
4088 Dicotyledons (of them 2295 endemic)
865 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Base de datos de especímenes de la flora de Cuba : con mapas de distribución, Versión 4.0 - 2008Most recent floraFlora de la Republica de Cuba (1998 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora de Cuba (Leon & Alain 1946-1962, outdated)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesLista de los helechos y licofitos de Cuba (Sanchez 2017)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988); Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014) | |||||||
more | Cayman Isl. | CAY | 262 | + | 703 | 543 | 19 |
703All Species 543Indigenous Species 543Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19Endemic Species 19Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 19 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
12 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
101 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
28 Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
382 Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic)
160 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984) | |||||||
more | Jamaica | JAM | 10.991 | + | 3708 | 3002 | 791 |
3708All Species 3002Indigenous Species 3002Indigenous Species except Microspecies 791Endemic Species 791Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 556 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 62 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
95 Basal Angiosperms (of them 28 endemic)
447 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 40 endemic)
207 Orchids (of them 56 endemic)
1694 Dicotyledons (of them 603 endemic)
706 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlowering plants of Jamaica (Adams 1972); Flora of Jamaica (Warner 2007)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns of Jamaica (Proctor 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995); A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966); Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014) | |||||||
more | Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti) | HIS | 76.200 | + | 5889 | 4924 | 1849 |
5889All Species 4924Indigenous Species 4924Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1849Endemic Species 1849Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 31.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 590 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 64 endemic)
7 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
176 Basal Angiosperms (of them 83 endemic)
599 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 58 endemic)
361 Orchids (of them 161 endemic)
3191 Dicotyledons (of them 1481 endemic)
965 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of Hispaniola (Liogier, ed.) (1981 ff., 9 vols. published, mostly complete) | |||||||
more | Navassa Isl. | NAV | 5 | - | 12 | 10 | 2 |
12All Species 10Indigenous Species 10Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
| |||||||
more | Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Desecheo Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.) | PUE | 8.959 | + | 3291 | 2343 | 240 |
3291All Species 2343Indigenous Species 2342Indigenous Species except Microspecies 240Endemic Species 240Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 360 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 22 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
86 Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic)
411 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
135 Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
1347 Dicotyledons (of them 180 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
948 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Liogier (1982)Most recent floraFlora of Puerto Rico (Liogier, ed., 1985-1997, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995); An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)Major Flora Websites:https://naturalhistory.si.edu/research/botany/research/flora-puerto-rico-and-virgin-islands | |||||||
more | Virgin Islands (U.S. Virgin Islands & British Virgin Islands) | VIR | 495 | + | 1562 | 1062 | 18 |
1562All Species 1062Indigenous Species 1061Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18Endemic Species 18Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 54 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
37 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
193 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
31 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
747 Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
500 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Annotated checklist of the dicotyledons of Tortola (d'Arcy 1967))Most recent floraFlora of Virgin Gorda (Little et al. 1971); The flora of the American Virgin Islands (Britton 1918); Flora of St. John (Proctor in Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. 1996); The island of Anegada and its flora (D'Arcy 1971)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFerns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995)Major Flora Websites:https://naturalhistory.si.edu/research/botany/research/flora-puerto-rico-and-virgin-islands | |||||||
more | Anguilla | AGU | 70 | ++ | 339 | 260 | 2 |
339All Species 260Indigenous Species 260Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
44 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
212 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | St. Maarten (St. Martin) | STM | 86 | ++ | 421 | 336 | 2 |
421All Species 336Indigenous Species 336Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 14 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
8 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
6 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
244 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
85 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | St. Barthelemy (St. Barts) | SBA | 21 | ++ | 442 | 350 | 0 |
442All Species 350Indigenous Species 350Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
19 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
309 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
92 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraThe flora of the island of St. Bartholomew and its origin (Questel 1941); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | Saba | SAB | 13 | ++ | 552 | 426 | 0 |
552All Species 426Indigenous Species 426Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 56 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
18 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
59 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
9 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
284 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
126 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | St. Eustatius | STE | 21 | ++ | 449 | 353 | 1 |
449All Species 353Indigenous Species 353Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 32 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
16 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
36 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
13 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
256 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
96 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | St. Kitts & Nevis | STK | 269 | ++ | 806 | 661 | 2 |
806All Species 661Indigenous Species 661Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 131 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
25 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
100 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
24 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
380 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
145 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977); A revised list of pteridophytes from St. Kitts (Proctor 1962)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | Antigua and Barbuda (incl. Redonda Isl.) | ABA | 441 | ++ | 972 | 765 | 1 |
972All Species 765Indigenous Species 765Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 33 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
30 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
130 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
18 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
553 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
207 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | Montserrat | MTS | 102 | ++ | 899 | 708 | 4 |
899All Species 708Indigenous Species 708Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4Endemic Species 4Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 119 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
35 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
79 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
16 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
458 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
191 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade, Les Saintes) | GDL | 1.600 | ++ | 2050 | 1640 | 26 |
2050All Species 1640Indigenous Species 1640Indigenous Species except Microspecies 26Endemic Species 26Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 287 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic)
269 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
107 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
912 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
410 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978); Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001) | |||||||
more | Dominica | DOM | 750 | ++ | 1448 | 1201 | 15 |
1448All Species 1201Indigenous Species 1200Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15Endemic Species 15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 196 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
45 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
178 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
90 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
691 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
247 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of Dominica (Hodge 1954, Nicolson 1991); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954)Major Flora Websites:https://www.dominicaplants.com/ | |||||||
more | Martinique | MAR | 1.102 | ++ | 1884 | 1471 | 32 |
1884All Species 1471Indigenous Species 1471Indigenous Species except Microspecies 32Endemic Species 32Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 224 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
57 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
241 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic)
83 Orchids (of them 4 endemic)
865 Dicotyledons (of them 20 endemic)
413 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | St. Lucia | STL | 616 | ++ | 1450 | 1138 | 10 |
1450All Species 1138Indigenous Species 1138Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10Endemic Species 10Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 121 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
47 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
188 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
58 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
722 Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic)
312 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)Major Flora Websites:http://www.saintlucianplants.com/flower ... ecies.html | |||||||
more | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | STV | 389 | ++ | 1354 | 1112 | 12 |
1354All Species 1112Indigenous Species 1112Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12Endemic Species 12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 169 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
48 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
130 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
59 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
706 Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic)
242 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) | |||||||
more | Grenada | GRE | 344 | ++ | 1098 | 926 | 6 |
1098All Species 926Indigenous Species 926Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 154 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
27 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
131 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
70 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
544 Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic)
172 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25) | |||||||
more | Barbados | BBD | 430 | ++ | 847 | 579 | 5 |
847All Species 579Indigenous Species 579Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5Endemic Species 5Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 30 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
18 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
7 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
421 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
268 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012)Most recent floraFlora of Barbados (Gooding et al., 1965); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965) | |||||||
more | Trinidad & Tobago | TRT | 5.048 | ++ | 3473 | 2339 | 83 |
3473All Species 2339Indigenous Species 2338Indigenous Species except Microspecies 83Endemic Species 83Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 291 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 10 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
77 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
461 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic)
185 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
1323 Dicotyledons (of them 48 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1134 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistAn annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago (Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016)Most recent floraFlora of Trinidad & Tobago - Williams, R. O. et al. (1928-1979, plus additional volumes up to 1992)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesChecklist of the pteridophytes of Trinidad & Tobago (Baksh-Comeau 2000)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsNative Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960) | |||||||
more | Aruba | ARU | 179 | o | 333 | 271 | 2 |
333All Species 271Indigenous Species 271Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
210 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraZakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Bonaire | BON | 288 | o | 369 | 300 | 2 |
369All Species 300Indigenous Species 300Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
3 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
64 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
228 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
69 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraZakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Curacao | CUR | 444 | o | 517 | 431 | 6 |
517All Species 431Indigenous Species 431Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6Endemic Species 6Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
96 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
318 Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic)
86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraZakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | San Andres y Providencia | SWC | 43 | o | 300 | 296 | 0 |
300All Species 296Indigenous Species 296Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
58 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
222 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
4 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
| |||||||
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA (82) | |||||||
more | Colombia | CLM | 1.141.748 | + | 25353 | 24283 | 7376 |
25353All Species 24283Indigenous Species 24282Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7376Endemic Species 7376Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 29.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1700 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 190 endemic)
35 Gymnosperms (of them 13 endemic)
1428 Basal Angiosperms (of them 436 endemic)
3597 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 906 endemic)
4170 Orchids (of them 2088 endemic)
13353 Dicotyledons (of them 3743 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
1070 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (Bernal, Gradstein & Celis, eds., 2015)Most recent floraFlora de Colombia (1983 ff., 26 vols. published, very incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989); Helechos y plantas afines de Colombia (Murillo-Pulido 1990); Flora de Colombia, Vol. 9: Pteridophyta 1 (Murillo-Pulido 1988)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsNative Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98); Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist]; Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21) | |||||||
more | Venezuela (incl. Isla Margarita) | VEN | 912.050 | + | 16518 | 15899 | 3632 |
16518All Species 15899Indigenous Species 15898Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3632Endemic Species 3632Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 22% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1237 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 138 endemic)
29 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
731 Basal Angiosperms (of them 176 endemic)
2636 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 615 endemic)
1503 Orchids (of them 293 endemic)
9763 Dicotyledons (of them 2407 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
619 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistNuevo Catalogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela (Hokche, Berry & Huber, eds., 2008)Most recent floraFlora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of Venezuela (Lasser et al., eds., 1968-1989, 21 vols.(?) published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora de Venezuela, Vol. 1 + 2 (Helechos) (Vareschi 1968-69); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 2 (1995)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsVenezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.); Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003) | |||||||
more | Guyana (British Guyana) | GUY | 214.969 | o | 6420 | 6177 | 452 |
6420All Species 6177Indigenous Species 6177Indigenous Species except Microspecies 452Endemic Species 452Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 525 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 26 endemic)
4 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
299 Basal Angiosperms (of them 27 endemic)
1040 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 57 endemic)
573 Orchids (of them 38 endemic)
3736 Dicotyledons (of them 304 endemic)
243 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)Most recent floraFlora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985-2009, 30(?) vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Major Flora Websites:http://portal.cybertaxonomy.org/flora-guianas/node/1 | |||||||
more | Surinam | SUR | 163.265 | o | 4639 | 4416 | 132 |
4639All Species 4416Indigenous Species 4416Indigenous Species except Microspecies 132Endemic Species 132Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 321 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
2 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
240 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
823 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 25 endemic)
396 Orchids (of them 8 endemic)
2634 Dicotyledons (of them 87 endemic)
223 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)Most recent floraFlora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985-2009, 30(?) vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe Pteridophytes of Suriname (Kramer 1978)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986)Major Flora Websites:http://portal.cybertaxonomy.org/flora-guianas/node/1 | |||||||
more | French Guiana | FRG | 83.534 | o | 5059 | 4861 | 339 |
5059All Species 4861Indigenous Species 4861Indigenous Species except Microspecies 339Endemic Species 339Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 330 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic)
3 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
288 Basal Angiosperms (of them 30 endemic)
804 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 47 endemic)
433 Orchids (of them 46 endemic)
3003 Dicotyledons (of them 204 endemic)
198 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistChecklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997)Most recent floraFlora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985-2009, 30(?) vols. published, incomplete); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori 1997, 2 vols.); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Major Flora Websites:http://portal.cybertaxonomy.org/flora-guianas/node/1 | |||||||
more | Ecuador | ECU | 272.045 | + | 18847 | 18182 | 5509 |
18847All Species 18182Indigenous Species 18179Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5509Endemic Species 5508Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 29.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1478 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 182 endemic)
15 Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic)
978 Basal Angiosperms (of them 233 endemic)
2561 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 750 endemic)
4208 Orchids (of them 2218 endemic)
8942 Dicotyledons (of them 2125 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic)
665 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999); Ulloa Ulloa & Neill (2005); Neill & Ulloa Ulloa (2011)Most recent floraFlora of Ecuador (1973 ff., 96 vols. published, still incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Major Flora Websites:https://serv.biokic.asu.edu/neotrop/plantae/projects/index.php?pid=1 | |||||||
more | Galapagos Isl. | GAL | 7.844 | + | 783 | 655 | 171 |
783All Species 655Indigenous Species 655Indigenous Species except Microspecies 171Endemic Species 171Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.8% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 118 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic)
7 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
99 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic)
17 Orchids (of them 5 endemic)
414 Dicotyledons (of them 141 endemic)
128 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999)Most recent floraFlora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971) | |||||||
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA (83) | |||||||
more | Peru | PER | 1.280.000 | + | 20644 | 20066 | 7065 |
20644All Species 20066Indigenous Species 20064Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7065Endemic Species 7065Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 34.2% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1248 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 144 endemic)
20 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1449 Basal Angiosperms (of them 732 endemic)
2615 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 822 endemic)
2399 Orchids (of them 1059 endemic)
12335 Dicotyledons (of them 4306 endemic)
2 Microspecies (of them endemic)
578 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993)Most recent floraFlora of Peru (1936 - 1995, 26 (?) vols. published); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesPteridophyta of Peru, pt. 1-6 (Tryon & Stolze 1989-94)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsIcones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series); Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.) | |||||||
more | Bolivia | BOL | 1.098.581 | + | 15422 | 14555 | 2936 |
15422All Species 14555Indigenous Species 14555Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2936Endemic Species 2936Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1180 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 139 endemic)
17 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
557 Basal Angiosperms (of them 122 endemic)
2252 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 383 endemic)
1381 Orchids (of them 558 endemic)
9168 Dicotyledons (of them 1731 endemic)
867 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia (Jorgensen et al. 2014)Most recent floraFlora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesProdromus of a Fern Flora of Bolivia (Smith & Kessler 2016 ff., over 30 parts, complete)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000); Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003); Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993) | |||||||
BRAZIL (84) | |||||||
more | Brazil | BRA | 8.547.404 | + | 36527 | 35941 | 20724 |
36527All Species 35941Indigenous Species 35940Indigenous Species except Microspecies 20724Endemic Species 20724Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 56.7% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1353 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 492 endemic)
25 Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic)
1589 Basal Angiosperms (of them 824 endemic)
6759 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4255 endemic)
2774 Orchids (of them 1800 endemic)
23441 Dicotyledons (of them 13349 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
586 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistLista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br)Most recent floravarious regional floras (all incomplete); Flora Neotropica (over 100 vols. published, ongoing)Major Flora Websites:floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br | |||||||
more | Fernando Noronha Isl. | FNI | 26 | o | 27 | 26 | 12 |
27All Species 26Indigenous Species 26Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12Endemic Species 12Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 44.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
22 Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent floraTerrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included] | |||||||
more | Ilha da Trindade | ITR | 11 | - | 16 | 16 | 14 |
16All Species 16Indigenous Species 16Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14Endemic Species 14Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 87.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 10 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic)
2 Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic)
1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
2 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
Most recent floraTerrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included] | |||||||
TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA (85) | |||||||
more | Paraguay | PAR | 406.752 | + | 5159 | 4998 | 420 |
5159All Species 4998Indigenous Species 4998Indigenous Species except Microspecies 420Endemic Species 420Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.1% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 242 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
102 Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic)
908 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 51 endemic)
167 Orchids (of them 23 endemic)
3578 Dicotyledons (of them 337 endemic)
161 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)Most recent floraFlora de Paraguay (1983 ff., 39 vols. published, still incomplete) | |||||||
more | Uruguay | URU | 176.215 | + | 2802 | 2472 | 128 |
2802All Species 2472Indigenous Species 2472Indigenous Species except Microspecies 128Endemic Species 128Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 103 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
1 Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic)
26 Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic)
676 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 38 endemic)
49 Orchids (of them 7 endemic)
1617 Dicotyledons (of them 81 endemic)
330 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)Most recent floraFlora del Uruguay (1958 ff., only 4 vols. published?)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora de Uruguay, Vol. 1 Pteridophyta (Legrand & Lombardo 1958)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsOrchidaceae. - In: Flora del Uruguay (Herter 1949) | |||||||
more | Argentina | ARG | 2.780.400 | + | 10098 | 9247 | 1861 |
10098All Species 9247Indigenous Species 9244Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1861Endemic Species 1858Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 370 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 19 endemic)
20 Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic)
106 Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic)
1963 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 392 endemic)
267 Orchids (of them 28 endemic)
6521 Dicotyledons (of them 1412 endemic)
3 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic)
851 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de la Republica Argentina (2 vols., Zuloaga et al. 1996) | |||||||
more | Chile (excl. Juan Fdz. Isl.) | CLE | 756.626 | + | 4977 | 4418 | 1937 |
4977All Species 4418Indigenous Species 4412Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1937Endemic Species 1937Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 38.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 120 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic)
16 Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic)
16 Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic)
918 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 356 endemic)
63 Orchids (of them 36 endemic)
3285 Dicotyledons (of them 1514 endemic)
6 Microspecies (of them endemic)
559 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Catalogo de la flora vascular de Chile (Marticorena 1984)Most recent floraFlora de Chile (1995-2005, ongoing, 4 vols. published)Major Flora Websites:www.chileflora.com http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=60 | |||||||
more | Desventuradas Isl. | DSV | 30 | + | 46 | 36 | 13 |
46All Species 36Indigenous Species 36Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13Endemic Species 13Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 28.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
29 Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)Most recent floraThe flora of San Felix Island (Johnston 1931); Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998) | |||||||
more | Juan Fernandez Isl. | JNF | 181 | + | 400 | 259 | 117 |
400All Species 259Indigenous Species 259Indigenous Species except Microspecies 117Endemic Species 117Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 29.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic)
6 Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic)
54 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 16 endemic)
1 Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
150 Dicotyledons (of them 75 endemic)
141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)Most recent floraVascular flora of the Robinson Crusoe Islands (Marticorena et al. 1998)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesHelechos de Juan Fernandez (Barrera Moscoso 1997)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
ANTARCTIC (9) | |||||||
ANTARCTIC CONTINENT (90) | |||||||
more | Antarctic continent | ANT | 13.200.000 | + | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
| |||||||
SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS (91) | |||||||
more | Macquarie Isl. | MAQ | 123 | ++ | 55 | 48 | 3 |
55All Species 48Indigenous Species 48Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3Endemic Species 3Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
14 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
2 Orchids (of them 2 endemic)
26 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993) | |||||||
more | Campbell Isl. | CMP | 137 | ++ | 136 | 124 | 2 |
136All Species 124Indigenous Species 124Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 20 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
39 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
5 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
60 Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Most recent floraFlora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFlora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985)Additional Reference Literature for OrchidsThe Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) | |||||||
more | Heard & McDonald Isl. | HMD | 372 | + | 13 | 12 | 0 |
13All Species 12Indigenous Species 12Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Most recent floraFlora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993) | |||||||
more | Marion & Prince Edward Isl. | MPE | 335 | + | 37 | 25 | 2 |
37All Species 25Indigenous Species 25Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2Endemic Species 2Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.4% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
7 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic)
11 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Ile Amsterdam & St. Paul Isl. | ASP | 67 | + | 26 | 26 | 9 |
26All Species 26Indigenous Species 26Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9Endemic Species 9Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 34.6% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
7 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic)
8 Dicotyledons (of them 5 endemic)
Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Iles Crozet | CRZ | 300 | + | 20 | 20 | 0 |
20All Species 20Indigenous Species 20Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
5 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Iles Kerguélen | KEG | 6.993 | + | 40 | 29 | 1 |
40All Species 29Indigenous Species 29Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1Endemic Species 1Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
6 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
15 Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic)
11 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesSynopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Falkland Isl. | FAL | 12.173 | + | 256 | 165 | 15 |
256All Species 165Indigenous Species 165Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15Endemic Species 15Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.9% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 21 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic)
45 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
4 Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
95 Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic)
91 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistCatalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008)Most recent floraFlowering Plants of the Falkland Islands (Woods 2000); The vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Moore 1968)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesThe current status and distribution of the Falkland islands pteridophyte flora (Broughton & MacAdam 2003)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | Tristan da Cunha (incl. Gough Island, Nightingale Isl., Inaccessible Island) | TDC | 202 | o | 179 | 103 | 47 |
179All Species 103Indigenous Species 103Indigenous Species except Microspecies 47Endemic Species 47Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26.3% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 40 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic)
1 Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic)
35 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic)
27 Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic)
76 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistVegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992)Most recent floraThe terrestrial botany of the Tristan da Cunha Islands (Wace & Dixon 1965); Vegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992)Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and LycophytesFarne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)Additional Reference Literature for Orchids | |||||||
more | South Georgia Isl. | SGE | 3.756 | ++ | 78 | 25 | 0 |
78All Species 25Indigenous Species 24Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic)
9 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
8 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
1 Microspecies (of them endemic)
53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)Most recent floraThe Vascular Flora of South Georgia (Greene 1964); Survey for baseline information on introduced vascular plants: South Georgia (Osborne et al. 2009) | |||||||
more | South Sandwich Isl. | SSA | 310 | ++ | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) | |||||||
more | South Orkney Isl. | SOI | 622 | ++ | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) | |||||||
more | South Shetland Isl. | SSI | 4.700 | ++ | 2 | 2 | 0 |
2All Species 2Indigenous Species 2Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0Endemic Species Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0% Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
1 Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic)
Most recent checklistBiota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) |