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451.0000 Family Calyceraceae R.Br. ex Rich.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 74 (1820), nom. cons.
8 genera, 46 spp. temperate South America, mostly Argentina and Chile. Phylogeny and new taxonomy: Denham et al. 2016, 2021
Species listed in database: 46
= Boopidaceae Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1816: 160 (1816)
= Boopsideae Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 7: 527, 532 (1880)
451.0005 Genus Acicarpha Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 2: 347, t. 58 (1803)
Distribution: C- and S-America southward to Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay
Species listed in database: 7
= Acanthosperma Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 8: t. 152 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Cryptocarpha Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 34 (1817)
= Echinolema J.Jacq. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 8 (1836)
= Sommea Bory; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 94, t. 87 (1820)
species :
Acicarpha bupleuroides Less.; Linnaea 6: 527 (1831)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Boopis bupleuroides (Less.) C.A.Müll.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(4): 355 (1885)
= Boopis bupleuroides var. microphylla C.A.Müll.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(4): 356 (1885)
species :
Acicarpha itatiaiae (Dusén) S.Denham & Pozner; Taxon 70(3): 604 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Boopis itatiaiae Dusén; Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 13: 24 (1903)
species :
Acicarpha juergensii (Pilg.) S.Denham & Pozner; Taxon 70(3): 604 (2021)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Boopis juergensii Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 101 (1931)
species :
Acicarpha obtusisepala Marchesi; Bol. Invest. Fac. Agron. Montevideo 5: 4 (1987)
Distribution: Uruguay (Rocha)
85 URU
species :
Acicarpha procumbens Less.; Linnaea 6: 527 (1831)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Acicarpha procumbens var. viridiflora C.A.Müll.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(4): 358 (1885)
species :
Acicarpha spathulata R.Br.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 12: 129 (1818)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acanthosperma littorale Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 8: t. 152 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Acicarpha spathulata var. glauca A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 3 (1836)
= Cryptocarpha spathulata (R.Br.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 12: 85 (1819)
= Echinolema arenarium J.Jacq. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 8 (1836)
= Sommea calcitrapa Bory; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 94, t. 87 (1820)
species :
Acicarpha tribuloides Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 2: 348. I. 58 (1803)
Name: Madam gorgon
Distribution: USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I]); Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Misiones, Paraguari); Uruguay (Montevideo, Salto, Flores Prov.); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Rio Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)
75 usa 78 usa 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Acicarpha bonariensis (Pers.) Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 7: 233 (1943)
= Acicarpha laxa R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(11): 2 (1907)
= Acicarpha pinnatifida Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 3, 6: 404 (1860)
= Acicarpha runcinata Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 3, 6(36): 404 (1860)
= Acicarpha tribuloides var. dentata Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 126 (1898)
= Acicarpha tribuloides var. pinnatifida (Miers) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 126 (1898)
= Boopis tribuloides Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 674 (1826)
= Cryptocarpha tribuloides (Juss.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 12: 85 (1819)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 26th, 2025)

Covering 356,930 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,736 synonyms,
in total 1,417,519* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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