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044.0000 Family Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 711 (1970)
5-34 genera (depending on genus concept), 1100-1200 spp. New genus concept adopted here from Fawcett & Smith (2021), based on molecular results.
Species listed in database: 1180; hybrids: 38
044.2027 Genus Amblovenatum J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 200 (2009)
Distribution: Trop. Asia and Africa
Species listed in database: 7
= Thelypteris subgen.Amphineuron (Holttum) Fraser-Jenk.; New Sp. Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 255 (1997)
= Amphineuron Holttum; Blumea 19: 45 (1971), nom. illeg. (nec Amphineurion (A. DC.) Pichon (Apocynaceae)
species :
Amblovenatum decorum (Domin) S.Linds. & D.J.Middleton; Kew Bull. 76: 318 (2021)
Distribution: Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Central African Republic; China (Hainan, Macao); Sri Lanka; Thailand (widespread); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Queensland); Guam
23 BIO CAF 36 CHI 40 SRL 41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL 50 AUS 62 GUM
Remarks: for separation from A. terminans see Lindsay & Middleton 2021
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyclosorus decorus (Domin) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 244 (1941)
= Cyclosorus interruptus var. hirsutus Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8: 186 (1938)
= Thelypteris decora (Domin) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 271 (1968)
= Dryopteris decora Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 48 (1913)
= Nephrodium decorum (Domin) Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 41: 380 (1916)
= Nephrodium oreopteris Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 306 (1852) (non (Ehrh.) Desv. (1827))
= Thelypteris opulenta var. hirsuta (Ching) Fosb.; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8: 6 (1972)
= Thelypteris wagneri Fosberg & Sachet; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8: 6 (1972), nom. nov. for Dryopteris interrupta sensu Ching (Lingnan Sci. J. 12: 565-570, 1933), non (Willd.) Kuntze 1891
species :
Amblovenatum distinctum (Copel.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 30 (2021)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphineuron distinctum (Copel.) Holttum; Blumea 23: 215 (1977)
= Cyclosorus distinctus (Copel.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 142 (1947)
= Dryopteris distincta Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 220 (1942)
= Dryopteris longissima var. novoguineensis Rosenst.; Hedwigia 56: 351 (1915)
= Thelypteris distincta (Copel.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 273 (1968)
species :
Amblovenatum immersum (Blume) Mazumdar; Int. J. Advanced Res. 3(2): 5060 (2017)
Distribution: China (Hainan); ?NE-India (?Assam, ?Nagaland); Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Kalimantan); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Bali); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Queensland); New Caledonia (incl. Loyalty Isl.); Vanuatu; ?Palau
36 CHI 41 MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 50 AUS 60 NWC VAN
Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Amblovenatum immersum (Blume) Parris; Fern Gaz. 20(7): 306 (2018), isonym
= Amphineuron immersum (Blume) Holttum; Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India [Nayar & Kaur] 203 (1974)
= Aspidium caudiculatum (C.Presl) Mett.; Nomencl. Gefäßkrypt. 46 (1883), non Sieber ex Kunze 1851
= Aspidium immersum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 156 (1828)
= Aspidium impressum Kunze; Linnaea 23: 222 (1850), orth. var.
= Aspidium prionophyllum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 355 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium verrucosum Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 473 (1846)
= Cyclosorus immersus (Blume) S.Linds.; Edinburgh J. Bot. 66(2): 359 (2009)
= Dryopteris besukiensis Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 1: 7 (1911)
= Dryopteris diversifolia Alderw.; Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 18: 7 (1908)
= Dryopteris immersa (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Filix-mas immersa (Blume) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 234-251 (1931)
= Lastrea caudiculata C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 36 (1851)
= Lastrea immersa (Blume) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 89 (1857)
= Lastrea verrucosa (Kunze) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 36 (1851)
= Nephrodium immersum (Blume) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 4: 112 (1862)
= Nephrodium impressum (Kunze) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 305 (1852)
= Parathelypteris immersa (Blume) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 303 (1963)
= Parathelypteris subimmersa (Ching) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 303 (1963)
= Thelypteris immersa (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 306 (1936)
= Thelypteris subimmersa Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 306 (1936)
= Thelypteris verrucosa (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 308 (1936)
species :
Amblovenatum opulentum (Kaulf.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 201 (2009)
Name: Jeweled maiden fern
Distribution: Madagascar; Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia); China (Hainan); S-India (?Karnataka, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar; Vietnam; Thailand (widespread); peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Timor, Wetar); Moluccas; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (NE-Queensland); Tonga (Vava´u); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Ngaputoru Group); Marquesas Isl. (Eiao, Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou, Hiva Oa, Tahuata, Mohotani, Fatu Hiva); Society Isl. (Moorea); Austral Isl. (Rurutu, Rimatara); Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Tor Uil, Ulebsechel, Ulong, Urukthapel, Angaur); Northern Marianas (Rota Isl., Saipan, Tinian, Agrigan, Alamagan); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Sonsorol, Yap); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Isla del Coco [I]; Panama [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I] (Haiti [I], Dominican Republic [I]); Puerto Rico [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; ?French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]
29 CGS MDG 36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 AND MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL SUM 50 AUS 60 TON 61 AUI COO MRQ SCI 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU 78 usa 80 coc cos nic pan 81 bbd cub dom gre his jam mar pue sab ste stl stv trt 82 clm guy sur ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra
Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012). Endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphineuron opulentum (Kaulf.) Holttum; Blumea 19: 45 (1971)
= Aspidium conionevron (Fée) Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2(2) [Pheg. u. Asp.]: 386 (1858)
= Aspidium extensum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 156 (1828)
= Aspidium hookeri Baker; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker] 257 (1867) (nom. nov., non Wall. (1829) nec Klotzsch (1847))
= Aspidium malaccense (C.Presl) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 292 (1852)
= Aspidium multijugum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 348 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium nephrodioides Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 4: 42, t. 235 (1862) (non Klotzsch (1847))
= Aspidium opulentum Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. [Kaulfuss] 238 (1824)
= Aspidium pteroides var. terminans L.H.Bailey; Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 5: 27 (1892)
= Aspidium wakefieldii (Baker) Hieron.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas [Engler] C: 85 (1895)
= Cyclosorus extensus (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8: 182 (1938), nom. superfl.
= Cyclosorus extensus (Blume) H.Itô; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 61: 713, f. 6 (1937)
= Cyclosorus impressus (Desv.) Alston; Estud. Ensaios Doc. Junta Invest. Ci. Ultramar 12: 32 (1954)
= Cyclosorus incertus (Domin ex C.Chr.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 245 (1941)
= Cyclosorus opulentus (Kaulf.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 27 (2013), isonym
= Cyclosorus opulentus (Kaulf.) Nakaike; Enum. Pterid. Jap., Filic. 277 (1975)
= Cyclosorus opulentus (Kaulf.) Panigrahi; Pl. Sci. Res. (India) 17(1-2): 52 (1995), isonym
= Cyclosorus sulfureus (E.D.Br.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 143 (1947)
= Cyclosorus wakefieldii (Baker) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 10: 250 (1941)
= Dryopteris extensa (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)
= Dryopteris impressa (Desv.) Posth.; Verh. Kon. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 36(5): 14 (1937)
= Dryopteris incerta Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 86: 49 (1913)
= Dryopteris nephrodioides (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 811 (1891)
= Dryopteris nephrodioides var. glandulosa C.Chr. & Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 473 (1913)
= Dryopteris orbicularis C.Chr.; Index Filic. 281 (1905), nom. nov. superfl. for A. nephrodioides Hook.
= Dryopteris pteroides var. terminans (L.H.Bailey) Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 10: 255 (1920)
= Dryopteris punctata (Parish) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)
= Dryopteris sulfurea E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S.E. Polynesia II]: 23, t. 2 (1931)
= Dryopteris wakefieldii (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 301 (1905)
= Lastrea malaccensis C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 35 (1851)
= Lastrea multijuga (Wall.) J.Sm.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 4: 193 (1841)
= Nephrodium conionevron Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 308 (1852)
= Nephrodium extensum (Blume) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 91 (1858)
= Nephrodium impressum Desv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 259 (1827)
= Nephrodium opulentum (Kaulf.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 81 (1836)
= Nephrodium parasiticum var. multijugum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 1: 533 (1880)
= Nephrodium prionophyllum Wall. ex T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 101 (1858)
= Nephrodium punctatum Parish ex Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India, t. 131 (1866)
= Nephrodium terminans T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 88 (1858), nom. superfl.
= Nephrodium wakefieldii Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 4: 326 (1891)
= Thelypteris extensa (Blume) C.V.Morton; Amer. Fern J. 49: 113 (1959)
= Thelypteris impressa (Desv.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 284 (1968)
= Thelypteris incerta (Domin ex C.Chr.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 284 (1968)
= Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulf.) Fosberg; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8: 3 (1972)
= Thelypteris orbicularis (C.Chr.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 299 (1968)
= Thelypteris sulfurea (E.D.Br. ex E.D.Br. & F.Br.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 318 (1968)
species :
Amblovenatum subattenuatum (Rosenst.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.; Sida, Bot. Misc. 59: 30 (2021)
Distribution: Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 MOL NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphineuron subattenuatum (Rosenst.) Holttum; Blumea 23: 412 (1977)
= Cyclosorus subattenuatus (Rosenst.) Mazumdar & Mukhop.; J. Bot. Soc. Bengal 67(1): 46 (2013)
= Dryopteris subattenuata Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 332 (1912)
= Lastrea subattenuata (Rosenst.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.]: 140 (1947)
= Thelypteris subattenuata (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 17: 317 (1968)
species :
Amblovenatum terminans (Wall. ex Hook.) J.P.Roux; Strelitzia 23: 201 (2009)
Distribution: NE-India; Myanmar; Thailand (widespread)
40 IND 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphineuron terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Holttum; J. S. African Bot. 40(2): 162 (1974)
= Aspidium terminans Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 386 (1829), nomen
= Aspidium terminans Wall. ex Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 391 (1864), nom. superfl.
= Cyclosorus terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) K.H.Shing; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 4(1): 220 (1999)
= Cyclosorus terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Mazumdar & R.Mukhop.; Bionature 33(1): 32 (2013), isonym
= Nephrodium terminans J.Sm.; Bot. Mag. 72 (Compan.): 32 (1846), nom. nud.
= Nephrodium terminans J.Sm. ex Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 4: 73 (1862)
= Thelypteris terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Panigrahi; Phytologia 30: 410 (1975)
= Thelypteris terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 26: 169 (1975)
species :
Amblovenatum tildeniae (Holttum) T.E.Almeida & A.R.Field; Austral. Syst. Bot. 33(1): 68 (2020)
Distribution: Cook Isl. (Rarotonga); Society Isl. (Tahiti)
61 COO SCI
Remarks: status doubtful, likely to represent a hybrid involving Amblovenatum opulentum and Christella dentata
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphineuron tildeniae Holttum; Blumea 23(2): 214 (1977)
= Thelypteris tildeniae (Holttum) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 39 (2018)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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