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245.0000 Family Rhamnaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 376 (1789), nom. cons.
72 genera, ca. 1150 spp. Phylogeny: Hauenschild et al. 2016, Wang et al. 2021
Species listed in database: 1195; hybrids: 27
= Frangulaceae DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4(2): 619 (1805)
= Gouaniaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 73 (1837)
= Phylicaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 186 (1858)
= Ziziphaceae Adans.; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 665, 714 (1903)
245.0618 Genus Atadinus Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 30 (1838)
Distribution: Mediterranean, Asia Minor
Species listed in database: 10; hybrids: 1
= Oreoherzogia W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 44 (1962)
species :
Atadinus alpinus (L.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 30 (1838)
Name: Alpen-Kreuzdorn (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Morocco; Algeria
11 AUT SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ITA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alaternus alpinus (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 344 (1794)
= Frangula latifolia Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Oreoherzogia alpina (L.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 64 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia alpina var. cordata (Timb.-Lagr.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 66 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia alpina var. elongata W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 65 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia alpina var. kabylica (Maire) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 66 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia alpina var. parvifolia W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 66 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia alpina var. subrotunda (Rouy) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 66 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina f. brevifolia (Lange) Rivas Mart. & J.M.Pizarro; Int. J. Geobot. Res. 1(1): 66 (2011)
= Rhamnus alpina f. cordata (Timb.-Lagr.) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 215 (1900)
= Rhamnus alpina f. minutifolia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 412 (1938)
= Rhamnus alpina f. subrotunda (Rouy) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 215 (1900)
= Rhamnus alpina L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 193 (1753)
= Rhamnus alpina var. brevifolia Lange; Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1893: 201 (1893)
= Rhamnus alpina var. cordata Timb.-Lagr.; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 10: 182 (1892)
= Rhamnus alpina var. elongata W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 65 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina var. kabylica Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 17: 109 (1926)
= Rhamnus alpina var. parvifolia Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 4: 169 (1897)
= Rhamnus alpina var. pumila Lange; Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1893: 201 (1893), nom. illeg.
= Rhamnus alpina var. subrotunda Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 4: 169 (1897)
= Rhamnus alpinus var. kabylicus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 17: 109 (1926)
= Rhamnus inermis Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 133 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Rhamnus kabylica (Maire) Grubov; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 309 (1949)
species :
Atadinus cornifolius (Boiss. & Hohen.) Alijanpoor; Phytotaxa 521(3): 150 (2021), comb. inval.
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Atadinus cornifolius var. denudatus (Bornm.) Alijanpoor; Phytotaxa 521(3): 151 (2021), nom. inval.
= Oreoherzogia cornifolia (Boiss. & Hohen.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 80 (1962)
= Rhamnus cornifolia Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 9: 1 (1849)
= Rhamnus cornifolia var. denudata Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 225 (1905)
= Rhamnus cornifolia var. velutina Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 225 (1905)
= Rhamnus cornifolius Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 2: 3 (1843)
= Rhamnus escalerae Pau; Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat., Ser. Bot., No. 14: 19 (1918)
species :
Atadinus depressus (Grubov) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia depressa (Grubov) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 101 (1962)
= Rhamnus depressa Grubov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 12: 126 (1950)
= Rhamnus microcarpa var. acutifolia Medw.; Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 25: 3 (1912)
= Rhamnus microcarpa var. microphylla Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 123 (1876)
= Rhamnus microphylla (Trautv.) Prilipko; Etnobotanika Nag. Karabakha 111 (1940), nom. illeg.
species :
Atadinus fallax (Boiss.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (higher mountains of N- & C-Greece); Turkey (E-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria
11 AUT 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB 34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Frangula glaberrima (Peyron) Grubov; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 264 (1949)
= Oreoherzogia fallax (Boiss.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 52 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia fallax subsp. liburnia W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 54 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 158 (1806) non L.
= Rhamnus alpina subsp. fallax (Boiss.) Maire & Petitm.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy, Sér. 3, 9: 208 (1908)
= Rhamnus crini Orph. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 20 (1873)
= Rhamnus fallax Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 5: 73 (1856)
= Rhamnus glaberrima Peyron; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 9 (1896)
species :
Atadinus glaucophyllus (Sommier) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia glaucophylla (Sommier) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 105 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina subsp. glaucophylla (Sommier) Tutin; Feddes Repert. 74: 26 (1967)
= Rhamnus alpina var. glaucophylla (Sommier) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 215 (1900)
= Rhamnus glaucophylla Sommier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 1: 19 (1894)
species :
Atadinus imeretinus (Booth, G.Kirchn.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
33 GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia imeretina (Booth et al.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 62 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina var. colchica Kusn.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 34: 417 (1892)
= Rhamnus alpina var. grandifolia Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 524 (1891), nom. superfl.
= Rhamnus colchica (Kusn.) Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 107 (1900)
= Rhamnus grandifolia var. brachypus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 22 (1872)
= Rhamnus imeretina Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 525 (1892), nom. illeg.
= Rhamnus imeretina J.R.Booth ex G.Kirchn.; Arbor. Muscav. [Petzold & Kirchner] 344 (1864)
species :
Atadinus libanoticus (Boiss.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)
34 LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia libanotica (Boiss.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 76 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia taurica W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 79 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina var. libanotica (Boiss.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 190 (1889)
= Rhamnus castaneifolia Lebas; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 39: 306 (1867)
= Rhamnus libanoticus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 1: 119 (1854)
species :
Atadinus microcarpus (Boiss.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; NE-Turkey
33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia microcarpa (Boiss.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 103 (1962)
= Rhamnus microcarpus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 20 (1872)
= Rhamnus rupestris C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. [C.A. von Meyer] 133 (1831), nom. illeg.
species :
Atadinus pumilus (Turra) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
subspecies :
subsp. pumilus
Name: Zwerg-Kreuzdorn
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; North Macedonia; Albania; N-Greece (Mt. Tzena, ?Mt. Voras); Morocco
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA NMA SLV 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alaternus pumilus (Turra) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 27 (1838)
= Atadinus pumilus subsp. hispanicus (W.Vent) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
= Atulandra valentina (Willd.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 31 (1838)
= Forgerouxa repens Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 32 (1838), nom. superfl.
= Frangula rotundifolia Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
= Oreoherzogia pumila (Turra) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 87 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila f. acuminata (Pau) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 91 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila f. hispanica W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 91 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila f. pseudoalpina (Huter & Porta) W.Vent; 88 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila f. vestita W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 91 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila f. villarsiana (Paol.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 88 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila subsp. hispanica W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 91 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila subsp. velutina (Bornm.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 90 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila subf. barbata W.Vent; 88 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila subf. latifolia W.Vent; 88 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. hispanica W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 91 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. mairei W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 92 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. neapolitana (DC.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 89 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. penduliramea (Debeaux & E.Rev. ex Hervier) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 92 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. pseudoalpina (Huter & Porta) W.Vent; 88 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila var. valentina (Willd.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 92 (1962)
= Rhamnus alpina subsp. pumila (Turra) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38(1): 82 (1974)
= Rhamnus alpina var. pumila (Turra) Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 524 (1892)
= Rhamnus alpina var. pumila (Turra) O.Bolòs & Vigo; 82 (1974)
= Rhamnus alpina var. valentina (Willd.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38: 82 (1974)
= Rhamnus frangula var. pumila (Turra) Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 3(2): 233 (1851)
= Rhamnus globulariifolia Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné 22 (1871)
= Rhamnus neapolitana (DC.) Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 120 (1831)
= Rhamnus pumila f. acuminata Pau; Mém. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(3): 15 (1925)
= Rhamnus pumila f. prostrata Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 258 (1893), nomen
= Rhamnus pumila f. pusilla (Ten.) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 214 (1900)
= Rhamnus pumila f. valentina (Willd.) Paol.
= Rhamnus pumila f. villarsiana Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 214 (1900)
= Rhamnus pumila L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 49 (1767), nom. illeg.
= Rhamnus pumila subsp. valentina (Willd.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Man. Països Catalans 2: 360 (1990)
= Rhamnus pumila Turra; Giorn. ltalia Sci. Nat. 1: 120 (1765)
= Rhamnus pumila var. caesarea Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 3: 87 (1899)
= Rhamnus pumila var. mirabilis Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 3: 88 (1899)
= Rhamnus pumila var. neapolitana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 25 (1825)
= Rhamnus pumila var. penduliramea Debeaux & E.Rev. ex Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 64 (1905)
= Rhamnus pumila var. prostrata Lange ex Willk.; Grundz. Pfl.-Verbr. Iber. Halbins. 163 (1896), nomen
= Rhamnus pumila var. prunifolia Murr; 119 (1902)
= Rhamnus pumila var. pusilla (Ten.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur. 252 (1855)
= Rhamnus pumila var. rupestris Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur] 1: 138 (1806)
= Rhamnus pumila var. valentina (Willd.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 25 (1825)
= Rhamnus pumila var. velutina Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 191 (1928)
= Rhamnus pumila var. villarsiana Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 4: 170 (1897), nom. superfl.
= Rhamnus pusilla Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 16: (1811-1815)
= Rhamnus repens Page; Page´s Prodr. 23 (1818)
= Rhamnus rupestris Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 2: 538 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Rhamnus subsempervirens K.Koch; Dendrologie 1: 614 (1869)
= Rhamnus valentina Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 1096 (1798)
= Rhamnus villarsii Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 120 (1831)
subspecies :
subsp. legionensis (Rothm.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: NW-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia legionensis (Rothm.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 102 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pumila subsp. legionensis (Rothm.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(1): 73 (2016)
= Rhamnus legionensis Rothm.; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 34: 152 (1934)
= Rhamnus pumila subsp. legionensis (Rothm.) Rothm.; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 34: 152 (1934)
species :
Atadinus sibthorpianus (Roem. & Schult.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(4): 926 (2016)
Distribution: S-Greece (mountains of C-Greece and Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreoherzogia guicciardii (Boiss.) W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 86 (1962)
= Oreoherzogia pubescens W.Vent; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 65: 84 (1962), nom. illeg.
= Oreoherzogia sibthorpiana (Roem. & Schult.) Hauenschild; Taxon 65(1): 73 (2016)
= Rhamnus fallax var. guicciardii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 20 (1872)
= Rhamnus guicciardii (Boiss.) Heldr. & Sartori ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 317 (1900)
= Rhamnus guicciardii Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 2: 20 (1873)
= Rhamnus pubescens Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 158 (1806) (non Poir. in Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 464 (1798))
= Rhamnus sibthorpiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 286 (1819)
= Sarcomphalus graecus Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 29 (1838), nom. superfl.
species :
Atadinus ×lemanianus (Briq.) J.-M.Tison; Evaxiana 8: 225 (2021)
Distribution: France; etc.
12 FRA
Remarks: Atadinus alpinus x pumilus
Synonyms: hidden
= Rhamnus ×lemaniana Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 3: 86 (1899)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 5th, 2025)

Covering 356,783 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,637 synonyms,
in total 1,417,272* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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