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503.0000 Family Plantaginaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 89 (1789), nom. cons.
93 genera, ca. 2050 spp.
Species listed in database: 2093; hybrids: 91
= Antirrhinaceae Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 154, 640 (1807)
= Aragoaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 109, 113 (1835)
= Callitrichaceae Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 7 (1821), nom. cons.
= Chelonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 124 (1820)
= Digitalidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 202 (1820)
= Ellisiophyllaceae Honda; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku [Syst. Pl. Japon.]: 372 (1930)
= Erinaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1: 1236 (1874)
= Globulariaceae DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 427 (1805), nom. cons.
= Gratiolaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 294 (1820)
= Hippuridaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 265, 278 (1818), nom. cons.
= Linariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 243 (1820)
= Littorellaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 290, 294 (1822)
= Oxycladaceae Schnizl.; Iconogr. Fam. Regn. Veg. 2: ad t. 151xx (1857-1870)
= Psylliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 69 (1834)
= Sibthorpiaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 114 (1835)
= Trapellaceae Honda & Sakis.; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku [Syst. Pl. Japon.]: 378 (1930)
= Veronicaceae Cassel; Lehrb. Nat. Pflanzenord. 366 (1817)
503.1201 Genus Bacopa Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 128, t. 49 (1775)
Distribution: tropics and subtropics, esp. America. Species circumscription is in some cases quite disputed.
Species listed in database: 63
= Allocalyx Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 486 (1895)
= Anisocalyx Hance; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 195 (1853)
= Benjaminia Mart. ex Benj.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 10: 255 (1847)
= Blanckia Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 347 (1790)
= Brami Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 208 (1763)
= Bramia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 459 (1783), nomen prius
= Caconapea Cham.; Linnaea 8: 28 (1833)
= Calytriplex Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. Prodr. 96 (1794)
= Cardiolophus Griff.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 4: 376 (1836)
= Conobea Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 639, t. 258 (1775)
= Habershamia Raf.; Neogenyton 2 (1825)
= Heptas Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner] 293, Comm. 202 (1840)
= Herpestis C.F.Gaertn.; Suppl. Carp. 3: 186 (1807)
= Hydranthelium Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 7: 202, t. 646 (1825)
= Hydropyxis Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 94 (1817)
= Hydrotrida Willd. ex Britton & A.Brown; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 3: 193 (1913)
= Macuillamia Raf.; Neogenyton 2 (1825)
= Maeviella Rossow; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 27: 172 (1983-1985 publ. 1985)
= Mella Vand.; Fl. Lusit. Brasil. Spec. 43, f. 53 (1788)
= Moniera B.Juss. ex P.Browne; Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica 269 (1756), nom. rej.
= Monocardia Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 155 (1920)
= Naiadothrix Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 105 (1920)
= Quinquelobus Benj.; Linnaea 20: 316 (1847)
= Ranapalus Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 113 (1877)
= Ranaria Cham.; Linnaea 8: 30 (1825)
= Septas Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 392 (1790), nom. illeg.
= Septilia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 68 (1836)
= Silvinula Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 103 (1920)
= Sinobacopa D.Y.Hong; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(5): 393 (1987)
= Sphaerotheca Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 605 (1827)
species :
Bacopa albida (Pennell) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Monocardia albida Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 157 (1920)
species :
Bacopa angulata (Benth.) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176 (1897), in clavi
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis angulata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 396 (1846)
= Moniera angulata (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa aquatica Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 129, t. 49 (1775)
Distribution: Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Trinidad; Colombia; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Guarico, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
80 BLZ GUA HON NIC PAN 81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa aquatica var. multiflora J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 318 (1862)
= Bacopa bacopoides (Benth.) Pulle; Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam 415 (1906)
= Bacopa bracteolata Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 27: 336 (1928)
= Bacopa grandiflora Mart. ex Benth.; Ann. Nat. Hist. 2(12): 443 (1839)
= Bacopa stellarioides (Cham.) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176 (1897), in clavi
= Herpestis bacopoides Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 399 (1846)
= Herpestis stellarioides Cham.; Linnaea 8: 32 (1833)
= Herpestis stellarioides var. bahiensis Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Herpestis stellarioides var. cayennensis Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Herpestis stellarioides var. pumila Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 399 (1846)
= Moniera aquatica (Aubl.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 720 (1905)
= Moniera bacopoides (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Moniera stellarioides (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
species :
Bacopa arenaria (J.A.Schmidt) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176 (1897), in clavi
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis arenaria J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8: 313 (1862)
= Moniera arenaria (J.A.Schmidt) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa aubletiana Scatigna; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 200(2): 213 (2022), nom. nov.
Distribution: Trinidad; Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Bolívar, Guarico, Monagas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Pernambuco, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
81 TRT 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Conobea aquatica Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 639, t. 258 (1775)
species :
Bacopa australis V.C.Souza; Acta Bot. Brasil. 15(1): 58 (2001)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Argentina (Corrientes)
84 BRA 85 ARG
species :
Bacopa axillaris (Benth.) Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460 (1925)
Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Cesar, Magdalena, Meta); Venezuela (Guarico, Portuguesa); Ecuador; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz)
80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa appressa (Pennell) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936)
= Caconapea appressa Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 152 (1920)
= Caconapea axillaris (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 152 (1920)
= Herpestis axillaris Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 396 (1846)
= Moniera axillaris (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa beccabunga (Griseb.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 614 (1909)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Caconapea beccabunga (Griseb.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 75: 11 (1923)
= Herpestis beccabunga Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 182 (1866)
= Mella beccabunga (Griseb.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 72(12): 1665 (1987)
= Moniera beccabunga (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa braunii (Ernst) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 96 (1946)
Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hydranthelium braunii Ernst; Vargasia 1: 189 (1870)
species :
Bacopa bustamanteana Scatigna & I.L.Morais; Nordic J. Bot. 2025(11)-e04896: 2 (2025)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
84 BRA
species :
Bacopa callitrichoides (Kunth) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 96 (1946)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Guarico, Portuguesa)
82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Hydranthelium callitrichoides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 7: 203, t. 646 (1825)
= Willichia callitrichoides (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 26 (1827)
species :
Bacopa caroliniana (Walter) B.L.Rob.; Rhodora 10: 66 (1908)
Name: Blue waterhyssop
Distribution: La Réunion [I]; Australia [I] (New South Wales [I]); USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Cuba; NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul)
29 reu 50 aus 77 USA 78 USA 81 CUB 84 BRA
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa amplexicaulis (Michx.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
= Herpestis amplexicaulis (Michx.) Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 418 (1813)
= Herpestis caroliniana Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.; Prelim. Cat. 39 (1888)
= Hydrotrida caroliniana (Walter) Small; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 3: 193 (1913)
= Hydrotrida crenulata (Small) Small; Fl. Miami [Small] 165 (1913)
= Macuillamia amplexicaulis (Michx.) Raf.; Autik. Bot. 44 (1840)
= Moniera amplexicaulis Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 22 (1803)
= Moniera caroliniana (Walter) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Septilia caroliniana (Walter) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1064 (1903)
= Septilia crenulata (Small) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1064 (1903)
species :
Bacopa cochlearia (Huber) L.B.Sm.; Contr. Gray Herb. 117: 38 (1937)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara); SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis cochlearia Huber; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 323 (1901)
= Maeviella cochlearia (Huber) Rossow; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 27: 173 1983-85 (1985)
species :
Bacopa congesta Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 289 (1904)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Central, Cordillera, Paraguari); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa paraguariensis subsp. congesta (Chodat & Hassl.) Hassl.; Pl. Hassl., Add. 13 (1917)
species :
Bacopa connata (Pennell) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 96 (1946)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis connata Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46: 3 (1940)
species :
Bacopa crenata (Benth.) Hepper; Kew Bull. 14: 407 (1960)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal); S-Madagascar
22 BEN BKN GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 24 CHA SSU 25 TAN 26 ANG MOZ ZAM 27 SAF 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa calycina (Benth.) Engl. ex De Wild.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 832 (1901)
= Bacopa calycina (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946), isonym
= Herpestis calycina Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Herpestis calycina var. thonningii (Benth.) Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 399 (1846)
= Herpestis crenata Beauverd; Fl. Oware 2: t. 112 (1819)
= Herpestis thonningii Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 58 (1836)
= Moniera calycina (Benth.) Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 50: 760 (1898)
= Moniera calycina (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera calycina f. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera calycina f. lilacina Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera thonningii (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa debilis (Pennell) Aymard & J.O.Rangel; Harvard Pap. Bot. 25(2): 200 (2020)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Caconapea debilis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 151 (1920)
species :
Bacopa decumbens (Fernald) F.N.Williams; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 369 (1907)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; Cameroon; SW-Chad
22 BKN GAM GNB GUI MLI MTN SEN SIE 23 CMN 24 CHA
Remarks: possibly a synonym of B. sessiliflora
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa erecta Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 221, in clavi, 222 (1931)
= Caconapea decumbens (Fernald) Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 105 (1920)
= Herpestis decumbens Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 91 (1897)
= Moniera decumbens (Fernald) Skan; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(2): 321 (1906)
species :
Bacopa depressa (Benth.) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 175 (1897), in clavi
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Piauí, Pernambuco, Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis depressa Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 395 (1846)
= Moniera depressa (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera graveolens Mart. ex J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8: 308 (1862)
species :
Bacopa dubia (G.Don) Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 290 (1904)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Argentina (Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis dubia Steud. ex D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 3: 519 (1842)
= Matourea dubia G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 547 (1837)
species :
Bacopa egensis (Poepp.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 96 (1946)
Name: Brazilian waterhyssop
Distribution: Cameroon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Louisiana [I]); Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Colombia (Santander); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
23 cmn con 78 usa 80 COS NIC 82 CLM 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis egensis (Poepp.) Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46: 4 (1940)
= Hydranthelium crenatum Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl. 228 (1870)
= Hydranthelium egense Poepp. & Endl.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Poeppig & Endlicher] 3: 75, t. 287 (1845)
species :
Bacopa eisenii (Kellogg) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 96 (1946)
Name: Gila River waterhyssop
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Arizona)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis eisenii (Kellogg) Greene; Man. Bot. San Francisco 278 (1894)
= Macuillamia eisenii (Kellogg) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 57 (1935)
= Moniera rotundifolia var. eisenii (Kellogg) Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 409 (1901)
= Ranapalus eisenii Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 113 (1877)
species :
Bacopa floribunda (R.Br.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Madagascar; China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; C-Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines (Luzon); Java; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 CHA SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 29 MDG 36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 AND LAO THA VIE 42 JAW MLY NWG PHI 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa pubescens (Skan) Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 221, in clavi, 222 (1931)
= Bramia floribunda (R.Br.) F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 9: 167 (1875)
= Herpestis amara Span.; Linnaea 15: 332 (1841)
= Herpestis floribunda R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 442 (1810)
= Herpestis lanceolata Wight; Scroph. Ind. 30 (1835)
= Herpestis linearis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 802 (1825)
= Mella floribunda (R.Br.) Pennell; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 248 (1943)
= Moniera bicolor A.Chev.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8d: 183 (1912)
= Moniera floribunda (R.Br.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera pubescens Skan; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(2): 322 (1906)
= Stemodia floribunda (R.Br.) Roberty; Bull. Inst. Franç. Afrique Noire, A 16: 996 (1954)
species :
Bacopa gracilis (Benth.) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176 (1897), in clavi
Distribution: N-Brazil (Roraima); NE-Brazil (Maranhao); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis gracilis Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 395 (1846)
= Moniera gracilis (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa gratioloides (Benth.) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 288 (1904)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar, Guarico, Portuguesa); Guyana; Bolivia (La Paz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Acre); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); Paraguay (Concepcion)
82 GUY VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Caconapea gratioloides Cham.; Linnaea 8: 29 (1833)
= Herpestis caconapaea (Cham.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 753 (1841)
= Herpestis gratioloides (Cham.) Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
species :
Bacopa hamiltoniana (Benth.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; SW-Chad; Zambia; Mozambique; Madagascar; Nepal; India (Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh
22 BEN BKN GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI NGA SEN 23 CMN CON 24 CHA 26 MOZ ZAM 29 MDG 40 BAN IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa hamiltoniana var. angustisepala Hepper; Kew Bull. 15: 64 (1961)
= Cardiolophus decussata (Benth.) Griff.; Madras J. Lit. Sci. 4: 276 (1836)
= Herpestis hamiltoniana Benth.; Scroph. Ind. 30 (1835)
= Mella hamiltoniana (Benth.) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 5 (Scroph. W. Himal.) 23 (1943)
= Moniera hamiltoniana (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera hamiltoniana (Benth.) T.Cooke; Fl. Bombay 2(5): 286 (1908)
= Moniera scabrida A.Chev.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 184 (1912)
species :
Bacopa hirsuta (Hassl.) Descole & Borsini; Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. [Descole, ed.] 5: 139 (1954)
Distribution: Paraguay (Amambay); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa congesta var. hirsuta Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 348 (1912)
= Bacopa paraguariensis var. hirsuta (Hassl.) Hassl.; Pl. Hassl., Add. 13 (1917)
species :
Bacopa humifusa (Griseb.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 614 (1909)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis humifusa Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 183 (1866)
= Hydranthelium humifusum (Griseb.) C.Wright; Anales Real Acad. Ci. Méd. Fís. Nat. Habana Revista Ci. 7: 39 (1870)
= Moniera humifusa (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Silvinula humifusa (Griseb.) Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 104 (1920)
species :
Bacopa imbricata (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Acre)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis imbricata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 397 (1846)
= Moniera imbricata (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa innominata (M.Gómez) Alain; Revista Soc. Cub. Bot. 13: 61 (1956)
Distribution: USA (California, Louisiana, Texas, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia); Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Colombia; Venezuela (Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Tachira, Zulia)
76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE 82 CLM VEN
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in B. repens (Souza 2009) but Flora of North America keeps both species apart based on corolla colour
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa cyclophylla Fernald; Rhodora 41: 446 (1939)
= Bacopa stragula Fernald; Rhodora 44: 434 (1942)
= Conobea innominata M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 178 (1894)
species :
Bacopa lacertosa Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 140 (1932)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 BLZ HON NIC
species :
Bacopa lanigera (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa lanigera var. marginata (Benth.) Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 182 (1897)
= Bacopa marginata (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 98 (1946)
= Bramia lanigera (Cham. & Schltdl.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 546 (1838)
= Herpestis lanigera Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 573 (1827)
= Herpestis lanigera var. marginata (Benth. ex DC.) J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 313 (1862)
= Herpestis lanigera var. serpyllifolia (Benth. ex DC.) J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 313 (1862)
= Herpestis marginata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 398 (1846)
= Moniera lanigera (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa laxiflora (Benth.) Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado Säo Paulo 13: 180 (1897)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Casanare, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Guarico, Portuguesa); Guyana; Surinam; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Acre); NE-Brazil (Piauí); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Concepcion)
80 COS PAN 82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa auriculata (B.L.Rob.) Greenm.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 262 (1907)
= Bacopa laxiflora var. scabra Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 12: 180 (1897)
= Bacopa parvula (S.Moore) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
= Bacopa scabra var. laxiflora (Benth.) V.C.Souza; Fl. Fanerog. Estado São Paulo (2003)
= Caconapea auriculata (B.L.Rob.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 150 (1920)
= Herpestis auriculata B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 172 (1891)
= Herpestis laxiflora Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 396 (1846)
= Herpestis laxiflora var. scabra (Benth.) J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 311 (1862)
= Herpestis parvula S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 406 (1895)
= Mella laxiflora (Benth.) Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46: 1 (1940)
species :
Bacopa lecomtei Bonati; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 509 (1908)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Bacopa lisowskiana Mielcarek; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 39(1): 25 (1994)
Distribution: Guinea
22 GUI
species :
Bacopa llanorum Aymard & J.O.Rangel; Harvard Pap. Bot. 25: 198 (2020)
Distribution: NE-Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Bacopa longipes (Pennell) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 141 (1932)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Naiadothrix longipes Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 105 (1920)
species :
Bacopa madagascariensis (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis madagascariensis Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 58 (1836)
= Moniera madagascariensis (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa micromonnieria (Griseb.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 614 (1909)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa micromonnieria (Griseb.) Borhidi; Bot. Kozlem. 62(1): 27 (1975), isonym
= Bacopa monnieri var. micromonnieria (Griseb.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 94 (1946)
= Bramia micromonnieria (Griseb.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 75: 10 (1923)
= Herpestis cowellii Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 374 (1912)
= Herpestis micromonnieria Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 183 (1866)
= Moniera micromoniera (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa minuta Borhidi & O.Muñiz; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 21(34): 229 (1975 publ. 1976)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: threatened (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
species :
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Name: Herb of grace (EN)
Distribution: N-Portugal [I]; NW-Spain [I]; Egypt (NE-Egypt, Nile Delta); Nigeria; Gabon; Equatorial Guinea; Congo [Brazzaville]; Somalia; Soqotra; Mozambique; South Africa [I] (KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion; Rodrigues; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl.); Seychelles [I]; Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar); Israel (C-Israel, Rift Valley); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir); Kuwait; Bahrain; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Hazara, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Maldives; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andamans); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Mandalay, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore [I]; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland, New South Wales); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari); Marquesas Isl. (Nuku Hiva, Fatu Hiva, Hiva Oa, Ua Huka, Tahuata); ?Society Isl.; Guam; Hawaii (Midway Isl., Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.); USA (Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Cauca, Valle); Venezuela (Carabobo, Falcon, Portuguesa); French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, Potosí, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caazapa, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rio Negro, Rocha, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Maule)
12 por spa 20 EGY 22 NGA 23 CON EQG GAB 24 SOC SOM 26 MOZ 27 saf swz 29 ALD CGS MAU MDG REU ROD sey 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR SIN 35 BAR KUW OMA SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND LDV MDV NEP PAK SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY NWG PHI SCS sng 50 AUS 60 GIL 61 MRQ 62 GUM 63 HAW 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BAH BBD CAY CUB GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR PUE STL TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Allocalyx microphylla Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 486 (1895)
= Anisocalyx limnanthiflorus (L.) Hance; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 185 (1853)
= Bacopa monnieri (L.) Hayata & Matsum.; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 277 (1906), isonym, as ´monnieria´
= Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1895), isonym
= Bacopa monnieri var. cuneifolia Michx.; Rhodora 37: 440 (1935), as ´monnieria´
= Bramia indica Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 459 (1783)
= Bramia monnieri (L.) Drake; Fl. Polynésie Franç. [Drake] 142 (1892)
= Bramia monnieri (L.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 243 (1919 publ. 1920), isonym
= Calytriplex obovata Ruiz & Pav.; Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 165 (1798)
= Capraria monnieria (L.) Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 47 (1814), nomen
= Gratiola monnieri (L.) L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 851. Oct (1759)
= Gratiola monnieria L.; Cent. Pl. II: 120 (1756)
= Gratiola portulacacea Weinm.; Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 222 (1824)
= Gratiola tetrandra Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 36 (1812)
= Habershamia cuneifolia (Michx.) Raf.; Neogenyton 2 (1825)
= Herpestis africana (Pers.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 753 (1841)
= Herpestis brownei Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 402 (1821), ed. 2, 1: 753 (1840)
= Herpestis calytriplex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 753 (1841)
= Herpestis cuneifolia (Michx.) Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 418 (1813)
= Herpestis monnieri (L.) Rothm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50: 73 (1941), isonym
= Herpestis monnieria (L.) Humb.; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 366 (1818)
= Herpestis monnieria (L.) Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 366 (1891), isonym
= Herpestis moranensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 367 (1891)
= Herpestis pedunculosa Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 753 (1841)
= Herpestis procumbens Spreng.; Novi Provent. [Sprengel] 22 (1818)
= Herpestis spathulata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 748 (1826)
= Hydrotrida beccabunga Willd.; Linnaea 5: 107 (1830)
= Limosella calycina Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 112 (1775)
= Moniera africana Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 166 (1806)
= Moniera brownei Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 166 (1806)
= Moniera cuneifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 22 (1803)
= Moniera monnieri (L.) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 292 (1894)
= Moniera pedunculosa Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 166 (1806)
species :
Bacopa monnierioides (Cham.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 614 (1909)
Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Colombia (Cesar, Meta); Venezuela (Apure, Bolívar, Cojedes, Guarico, Portuguesa); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Cordillera); Argentina (Misiones)
80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa parviflora (Pennell) Standl. ex L.O.Williams; Fieldiana, Bot. 34(8): 118 (1972)
= Bacopa punctata Pennell; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 516 (1953), non Engl.
= Bacopa ranaria Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 288 (1904), nom. superfl.
= Bacopa ranaria var. guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 288 (1904)
= Herpestis ranaria Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Herpestis ranaria var. panamensis Seem.; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 5: 176 (1854)
= Moniera monnieroides (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Moniera ranaria (Cham.) Fritsch; Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24, Afd. 3, No. 5: 10 (1898)
= Ranaria monnierioides Cham.; Linnaea 8: 31 (1825)
species :
Bacopa myriophylloides (Benth.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta, Vichada); Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Paraná)
82 CLM 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis myriophylloides Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 398 (1846)
= Moniera myriophylloides (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Naiadothrix myriophylloides (Benth.) Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 106 (1920)
species :
Bacopa neuwiedii Scatigna; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 200(2): 213 (2022), nom. nov.
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Conobea punctata Nees & Mart.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 11: 143 (1823)
species :
Bacopa occultans (Hiern) Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 222 (1931)
Distribution: Senegal; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; SW-Chad; Congo [Brazzaville]; Angola
22 BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA SEN SIE 23 CMN CON 24 CHA 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Moniera occultans Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 1: 760 (1898)
species :
Bacopa oxycalyx Alain; Brittonia 20: 161 (1968)
Distribution: Dominican Republic
81 HIS
species :
Bacopa paraguariensis Hassl.; Pl. Hassl., Add. 13 (1917)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); Paraguay (Guaira); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa)
83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis paraguariensis S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 407 (1895), in obs
species :
Bacopa pennellii G.M.Barroso & Ichaso; Rodriguésia 27(39): 95 (1974)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)
84 BRA
species :
Bacopa punctata Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 499 (1896)
Distribution: South Sudan
24 SSU
Synonyms: hidden
= Moniera punctata (Engl.) Skan; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(2): 323 (1906)
species :
Bacopa reflexa (Benth.) Loefgr. & Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176 (1897), in clavi
Distribution: Mexico (Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Bolívar, Cojedes, Guarico, Portuguesa, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 CUB TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa najas Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 141 (1932)
= Benjaminia reflexa (Benth.) D´Arcy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66(2): 194 (1979)
= Benjaminia utriculariiformis Mart. ex Benj.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 10: 256 (1847)
= Herpestis reflexa Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 399 (1846)
= Limnophila costaricensis f. aquatica Suess.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 284 (1942)
= Limnophila costaricensis f. semiterrestris Suess.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 284 (1942)
= Limnophila costaricensis Suess.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 284 (1942)
= Moniera reflexa (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Naiadothrix reflexa (Benth.) Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 106 (1920)
= Quinquelobus utriculariiformis Benj.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 10: 255 (1847)
= Quinquelobus utricularioides Benj.; Linnaea 20: 316 (1847)
species :
Bacopa repens (Sw.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Name: Creeping waterhyssop, Tropical waterhyssop
Distribution: China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Hainan [I]); USA [I] (California [I], South Carolina [I], Florida [I], Texas [I], Louisiana [I]); Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua [I], Colima, Durango [I], Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Sonora [I], Tabasco, Veracruz); Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Barinas, Bolívar, Guarico, Falcon, Portuguesa, Zulia); Guyana; Ecuador; NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); Argentina (Corrientes)
36 chi 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE TRT 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG
Remarks: see also B. innominata which is frequently included here
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa cladostyla Chodat ex Eskuche; Folia Bot. Geobot. Correntesiana 3: 11 (1989)
= Bacopa curtipes Standl. & L.O.Williams; Ceiba 3:. 129 (1952)
= Bacopa limosa (Pennell) Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460 (1925)
= Gratiola parviflora Willd. ex Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 107 (1830), pro syn.
= Gratiola repens Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 14 (1788)
= Heptas repens (Sw.) Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner] 202 (1840)
= Herpestis obovata Poepp. ex Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 107 (1830)
= Herpestis repens (Sw.) Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 107 (1830)
= Herpestis repens var. multistriata C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 183 (1866)
= Hydranthelium repens (Sw.) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 630 (1935)
= Macuillamia limosa Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 158 (1920)
= Macuillamia repens (Sw.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 75: 9 (1923)
= Moniera obovata (Poepp. ex Schltdl. & Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Moniera repens (Sw.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Septas repens (Sw.) Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 392 (1790)
= Septilia repens (Sw.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 68 (1836)
= Sinobacopa aquatica D.Y.Hong; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(5): 395, f. 1 (1987)
species :
Bacopa reptans (Benth.) Wettst. ex Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado Säo Paulo 13: 181 (1897)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Cojedes, Guarico, Portuguesa); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Herpestis reptans Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 395 (1846)
= Moniera reptans (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 77 (1891)
Name: Disk waterhyssop
Distribution: Spain [I]; NE-Greece [I]; Canada (Alberta); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Caazapa, Concepcion); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Santa Fe)
12 spa 13 grc 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa nobsiana H.Mason; Madroño 11: 206 (1952)
= Bacopa obovata (Raf.) Fernald; Rhodora 39: 475. in adnot. (1937)
= Bacopa simulans Fernald; Rhodora 44: 438 (1942)
= Bacopa tweediei (Benth.) Parodi; Revista Fac. Agron. Veterin. 7: 240 (1930)
= Bramia rotundifolia (Michx.) Britton; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 3: 192 (1913)
= Herpestis rotundifolia (Michx.) Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 418 (1813)
= Herpestis tweediei Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 397 (1846)
= Hydranthelium obovatum (Raf.) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 630 (1935)
= Hydranthelium rotundifolium (Michx.) Pennell; Monogr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 630 (1935)
= Macuillamia obovata Raf.; Autik. Bot. 44 (1840)
= Macuillamia rotundifolia (Michx.) Raf.; Autik. Bot. 44 (1840), Pennell in Torreya 22: 79 (1922)
= Moniera rotundifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 22 (1803)
= Moniera tweedyi Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Ranapalus rotundifolius (Michx.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 242 (1919 publ. 1920)
species :
Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Wettst.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: (1891)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Casanare, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Santander, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Apure, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Guarico, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira); Guyana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Canindeyu, Cordillera); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa humilis (Pennell) Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460 (1925)
= Bacopa lilacina (Pennell) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936)
= Bacopa salzmannii var. coerulea Beauverd; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 701 (1907)
= Bacopa violacea (Pennell) Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460 (1925)
= Herpestis salzmannii Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 58 (1836)
= Herpestis salzmannii var. pusilla J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 312 (1862)
= Moniera salzmannii (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
= Monocardia humilis Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 157 (1920)
= Monocardia lilacina Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 156 (1920)
= Monocardia violacea Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 156 (1920)
species :
Bacopa scabra (Benth.) Descole & Borsini; Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. [Descole, ed.] 5: 137 (1954)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Caazapa, Canindeyu); Argentina (Chaco, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa hassleriana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 289 (1904)
= Bacopa hassleriana f. vestita Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 289 (1904)
= Bacopa rojasii Chodat & Hassl.; Pl. Hassl., Add. 13 (1917), nomen
= Herpestis scabra Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Moniera scabra (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
species :
Bacopa scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Scatigna; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 200(2): 213 (2022)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz); Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Nariño, Putumayo, Risaralda, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
79 MEX 80 PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sphaerotheca scoparioides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 606 (1827)
= Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 391 (1846)
species :
Bacopa semiserrata (Schrank) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 614 (1909)
Distribution: S-Brazil; Paraguay
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bramia semiserrata (Schrank) Mart.; Ausw. Merkw. Pfl. 2: t. 8 (1830)
= Herpestis semiserrata (Mart.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 753 (1841)
= Moniera semiserrata (Mart.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 463 (1891)
= Moniera subserrata Mart. ex Schrank; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2(2): 63 (1826), pro syn.
species :
Bacopa serpyllifolia (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 98 (1946)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Acre); NE-Brazil; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (San Pedro); Argentina (Misiones)
82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa ciliata (Pennell) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 98 (1946)
= Bacopa lanigera var. serpyllifolia (Benth.) Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 183 (1897)
= Herpestis ciliata Pennell; Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46: 2 (1940)
= Herpestis serpyllifolia Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 398 (1846)
species :
Bacopa sessiliflora (Benth.) Pulle; Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam 415 (1906)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; St. Martin/St. Maarten; Guadeloupe; Trinidad; Colombia (Cauca, Meta); Venezuela (Apure, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Guarico); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM STM TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa acuta (S.Moore) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
= Bacopa conferta (Pennell) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 174 (1936)
= Caconapea conferta Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 153 (1920)
= Caconapea sessiliflora (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 75: 11 (1923)
= Herpestis acuta S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 407 (1895)
= Herpestis sessiliflora Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 58 (1836)
= Herpestis sessiliflora var. ramosa Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 396 (1846)
= Mella sessiliflora (Benth.) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 72(12): 1665 (1987)
= Moniera sessiliflora (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa stemodioides (Pennell) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Caconapea stemodioides Pennell; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 104 (1920)
= Mella stemodioides (Pennell) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 72(12): 1665 (1987)
species :
Bacopa stricta (Schrad.) Wettst. ex Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 176, 180 (1897)
Name: Yerba de culebra (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Meta, Norte de Santander); Venezuela (Bolívar, Falcon, Tachira); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni); N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
81 HIS PUE 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa domingensis (Spreng.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
= Bacopa elongata (Benth.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
= Bacopa monosticta (Schltdl.) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
= Bacopa stricta var. elongata Edwall; Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado São Paulo 13: 181 (1897)
= Caconapea stricta (Schrad.) Britton; Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands 6: 6: 183 (1925)
= Herpestis diffusa J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8: 315 (1862)
= Herpestis domingensis Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. [Sprengel] 3: 25 (1822)
= Herpestis elongata Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 396 (1846)
= Herpestis monosticta Schltdl.; Linnaea 24: 694 (1851)
= Herpestis polyantha Benth.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 57 (1836)
= Herpestis stricta Schrad.; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 142 (1821)
= Herpestis stricta var. elongata (Benth. & DC.) J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 310 (1862)
= Moniera stricta (Schrad.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 462 (1891)
species :
Bacopa valerii Standl. & L.O.Williams; Ceiba 1: 163 (1950)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Honduras; Costa Rica; Venezuela (Falcon, Portuguesa)
79 MEX 80 COS HON 82 VEN
species :
Bacopa verticillata (Pennell & Gleason) Pennell; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 98: 92 (1946)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bacopa pedersenii Rossow; Parodiana 4(1): 176 (1986)
= Caconapea verticillata Pennell & Gleason; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 56: 403 (1929)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.11 (Nov. 11th, 2025)

Covering 357,753 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
in total 1,419,578* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life