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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.5920 Genus Bikkia Reinw. ex Blume; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 8 (1828)
Distribution: E-Malesia, Pacific
Species listed in database: 11
= Tatea Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 125 (1866)
= Cormigonus Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 83 (1820)
= Ludovica Vieill. ex Guillaumin; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 2, 9: 167 (1911)
= Bikkiopsis Brongn. & Gris; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: 404 (1865)
species :
Bikkia bridgeana F.Muell.; Vict. Naturalist 1: 168 (1884)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Bikkia commersoniana K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 4: 20 (1891)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Bikkia gaudichaudiana Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 13: 43 (1866)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Bikkia guilloviana Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 13: 42 (1866)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Bikkia longicarpa Valeton; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 63: 289 (1930)
Distribution: Northern Marianas
62 MRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Bikkia mariannensis var. longicarpa (Valeton) Fosberg
species :
Bikkia moluccana Suess. ex Troll & Dragend.; Planta 13: 323 (1931)
Distribution: Moluccas
42 MOL
species :
Bikkia montoyae Mejillano, Santor & Alejandro; Philipp. Sci. Lett. 7(1): 92 (2014)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
species :
Bikkia palauensis Valeton; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 63: 288 (1930)
Distribution: Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Angaur, Ngeanges, Urukthapel)
62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Bikkia grandiflora var. tenuiflora Valeton
species :
Bikkia pancheri (Brongn.) Guillaumin; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 112 (1909)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu
43 BIS SOL 60 NWC VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Bikkiopsis pancheri Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: 404 (1865)
= Cormigonus pancheri (Brongn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
= Cormigonus pancheri Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
= Ludovica thiebautii Vieill. ex Guillaumin; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 2, 9: 167 (1911)
species :
Bikkia philippinensis Valeton; Philipp. J. Sci. 23: 573 (1923 publ. 1924)
Distribution: Philippines (Cebu, Mindanao); Moluccas (Sula Arch.)
42 MOL PHI
species :
Bikkia tetrandra (L.f.) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5: 151 (1830)
Distribution: Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua, Lifuka, Vava´u); Niue; Fiji; Wallis & Futuna (Alofi Isl., Futuna Isl.); Northern Marianas (Saipan, Aguijan, Tinian, Rota); Guam
42 MOL NWG 43 SOL 60 FIJ NUE NWC TON VAN WAL 62 GUM MRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Bikkia australis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 405 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Bikkia australis var. commersoniana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 405 (1830)
= Bikkia australis var. fosteriana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 405 (1830), nom. inval.
= Bikkia australis var. gaudichaudiana DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 405 (1830)
= Bikkia comptonii S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 45: 327 (1921)
= Bikkia forsteriana Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 13: 42 (1866), nom. superfl.
= Bikkia gaudichaudiana (DC.) K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 4(Abt. 4): 20 (1891)
= Bikkia grandiflora Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1017 (1826), et in Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 8 (1828)
= Bikkia hombroniana Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 13: 43 (1866)
= Bikkia mariannensis Brongn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 13: 42 (1866)
= Bikkia tetrandra A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 307 (1860), nom. illeg.
= Bikkiopsis comptonii (S.Moore) Baum.-Bod.; Syst. Fl. Neu-Caledonien 4: 102 (1988 publ. 1989), without basionym ref., et Syst. Fl. Neu-Caledonien 5: 97 (1989), with basionym ref.
= Cormigonus mariannensis (Brongn.) W.Wight; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 9: 249 (1905)
= Cormigonus tetrandus (L.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 279 (1891)
= Hoffmannia amicorum Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 416 (1824), nom. superfl.
= Portlandia tetrandra G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 15 (1786), nom. illeg.
= Portlandia tetrandra L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 143 (1782)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life