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177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12106; hybrids: 385
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)
177.4651 Genus Brachypodium P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 100 partim (1812)
Distribution: Temperate Eurasia, montane tropics. Species delimitation is highly controversial, and some cryptic entities have recently been identified.
Species listed in database: 22; hybrids: 5
= Brevipodium Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 36 (1961)
= Disticheia Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 4: 148 (1789)
= Trachynia Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 42 (1827)
species :
Brachypodium arbuscula Gay ex Knoche; Vagandi Mos. 272 (1923)
Name: Bäumchen-Zwenke (DE); Pajonazo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium ramosum var. arbuscula (Gay ex Knoche) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 468 (1934)
species :
Brachypodium atlanticum Dobignard; Index Syn. Fl. Afrique N. 1: 426 (2010)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. villiglume Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 387 (1937)
species :
Brachypodium bolusii Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 737 (1900)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
species :
Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101 (1812)
Name: Zweiährige Zwenke (DE); Purple False Brome (EN); Pasto de muralla (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. almost all islands); Crete; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya (incl. Tibesti); Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico, Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; South Africa [I] (Cape Prov. [I]); St. Helena [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Balkh, Helmand, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Orozgan / Daykundi); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir, C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (W-Yemen); Yemen (W-Yemen); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, N.W.Frontier Prov., Dir, Swat, Pakistani Punjab); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Colorado [I], New Jersey [I], Oregon [I], Texas [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Biobío [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 24 DJI ERI ETH SUD 27 saf 28 sth 32 TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 36 TIB 40 IND PAK 50 aus 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 79 mex 82 clm 83 ecu per 85 arg cle jnf uru
Remarks: 2n=10. A lot of the records and distribution might belong to the recently described sister species B. hybridum and B. stacei, which differ mostly in ploidy levels.
Synonyms: hidden
= Agropyron distachyon (L.) Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 196 (1827)
= Brachypodium annuum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 265, in obs. (1932)
= Brachypodium asperum (DC.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 742 (1817), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium brevisetum (DC.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 742 (1817)
= Brachypodium ciliatum (Gouan) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101 (1812)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. brevisetum (DC.) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. confusum Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. intermedium Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. mite Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. multiflorum (Willk.) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. paradoxum (Sommier) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. pentastachyon (Tineo) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. pseudosubtile Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. subtile (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 48 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon f. undulatifolium Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 50 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 741 (1817), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium distachyon subsp. asperum (DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 801 (1882)
= Brachypodium distachyon subsp. monostachyum (Poir.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 119 (1890)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. asperum (DC.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 482 (1934)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. gussonii St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 48 (1934)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. monostachyon (Lam.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 218 (1933)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. multiflorum (Willk.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 639 (1901)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. pumilum (Willk.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 478 (1934)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. typicum St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 474 (1934), nom. inval.
= Brachypodium distachyon var. asperum (DC.) Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 1: 492 (1850)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. brevisetum (DC.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 641 (1901)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. caucasicum K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 423 (1848)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. ciliatum (Gouan) Beck; Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 458 (1904)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. elongatum Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 376 (1909), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium distachyon var. hispidum Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyon (Lam.) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyum (Poir.) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. multiflorum Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 112 (1861)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. neglectum T.Ruíz & Devesa; Gramineas Extremadura [Devesa, ed.] 210 (1991)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. paradoxum Sommier; Isole Pelagie 252 (1908)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyon (Tineo) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 73 (1843)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyum (Tineo) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 843 (1882)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. pluriflorum Oppenh.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 31: 166 (1940)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. pubescens Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 1: 84 (1931)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. pumilum Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 112 (1861)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile (De Not.) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 376 (1909)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 376 (1909)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. undulatum Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 1: 72 (1843)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. velutinum Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 11 (1914)
= Brachypodium geniculatum K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 422 (1848)
= Brachypodium macrostachyum Besser; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.]: 651 (1827)
= Brachypodium megastachyum Besser; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.]: 651 (1827)
= Brachypodium monostachyon (Lam.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 843 (1882)
= Brachypodium pentastachyon (Tineo) Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 48: 407 (1901)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. brevisetum (DC.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 453 (1934)
= Brachypodium polystachyum Sennen; Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 134 (1933), pro syn.
= Brachypodium ramosum f. monostachyon (Lam.) Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 13-14: 70 (1899)
= Brachypodium rigidum (Roth) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 96 (1821)
= Brachypodium schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 26: 83 (1919)
= Brachypodium subtile De Not.; Prosp. Fl. Ligust. 49 (1846), nomen
= Bromus buxbaumii Ten. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 227 (1841), pro syn.
= Bromus ciliatus Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 609 (1779), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Bromus distachyos L.; Cent. Pl. II: 8 (1756)
= Bromus geniculatus (K.Koch) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 318 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Bromus monostachyus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 228 (1841), pro syn.
= Bromus paradoxus C.Presl; Cyper. Gram. Sicul. 23 (1818)
= Bromus pentastachyus Tineo; Pl. Rar. Sicil., ed. 2: 4 (1846)
= Festuca breviseta (DC.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 317 (1854)
= Festuca ciliata Gouan; Hortus Monsp. 48, 547 (1762), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Festuca diandra Moench; Methodus [Moench] 191 (1794), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Festuca distachya (L.) Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: II (1797)
= Festuca distachya var. intermedia Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 129 (1837)
= Festuca distachya var. undulata Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 112 (1827)
= Festuca monostachya Poir.; Voy. Barbarie 2: 98 (1789)
= Festuca monostachyos Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 461 (1788)
= Festuca pentastachya (Tineo) C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] xlv (1826)
= Festuca pseudistachya Koeler; Descr. Gram. [Koeler] 270 (1802)
= Festuca rigens Trin. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 632 (1841), pro syn.
= Festuca rigida Guss. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 632 (1841), pro syn.
= Festuca rigida Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 12 (1797)
= Festuca rigidoaspera Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 317 (1854), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Festuca schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 316 (1854)
= Festuca subtilis (Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 317 (1854)
= Festuca tauschii Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 317 (1854)
= Secale bromoides L. ex Munro; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 47 (1861), nomen
= Trachynia beludshistanica Karjagin; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Azerbaidzhansk. S.S.R. 4: 489 (1948)
= Trachynia distachya (L.) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 43 (1827)
= Trachynia distachya var. hispida (Pamp.) Bor; Fl. Iraq 9: 170 (1968)
= Trachynia pentastachya (Tineo) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 81 (1975)
= Trachynia rigida (Roth) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 43 (1827)
= Triticum asperrimum Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 18 (1829) orth. var.
= Triticum asperum DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 153 (1813)
= Triticum brevisetum DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 153 (1813)
= Triticum ciliatum (Gouan) Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 317 (1802)
= Triticum ciliatum var. distachyon (L.) DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 68 (1813)
= Triticum ciliatum var. monostachyon (Lam.) DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 68 (1813)
= Triticum ciliatum var. polystachyum Lam. ex DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 68 (1813), nomen
= Triticum distachyon (L.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 119 (1804)
= Triticum distertum Tardent; Essai Hist. Nat. Bessarabie 37 (1841), nomen
= Triticum flabellatum Tausch; Flora 20: 117 (1837)
= Triticum geniculatum (K.Koch) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 3: 783 (1853), nom. illeg.
= Triticum maritimum Wulfen; Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 34 (1787), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Triticum monostachyum Lam. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 742 (1817), pro syn.
= Triticum polystachyum Lag. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 717 (1841), pro syn.
= Triticum schimperi Hochst.; Flora 24(1. Intell.): 20 (1841), nomen, et ex Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 441 (1850)
= Triticum schimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 441 (1850)
= Triticum subtile Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 10: 59 (1845)
= Triticum tenue Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 317 (1854), pro syn.
= Zerna distachyos (L.) Panz.; Denkschr. Königl. Akad. Wiss. München 4: 297 (1813 publ. 1814)
= Zerna distachyos (L.) Panz. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: (1249) 1895
species :
Brachypodium flexum Nees; Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 1: 456 (1841)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Cabinda [Angola]; Rwanda; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; La Réunion [I]; Yemen (W-Yemen)
22 NGA SIE 23 BIO CAB CMN RWA 24 ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 MDG reu 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium diaphanum Cufod.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 38(Suppl.): 1215 (1968), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium flexum var. abyssinicum Hochst.; Exsicc. (Pl. Schimp.) 2: no. 674 (1842)
= Brachypodium flexum var. simplex Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 737 (1900)
= Brachypodium flexum var. tenue Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 737 (1900)
= Brachypodium flexum var. trachycladum Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 737 (1900)
= Brachypodium fontanesianum Nees; Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 457 (1841)
= Brachypodium multiflorum K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas A: 100 (1895), nomen
= Brachypodium pubescens K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas A: 128 (1895), nomen
= Brachypodium quartinianum (A.Rich.) Hack.; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1891(2): 137 (1892)
= Brachypodium schumannianum Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 1135 (1927)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. abyssinicum (Hochst.) Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 379 (1908)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. pseudopinnatum Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 379 (1908)
= Brevipodium flexum (Nees) K.Larsen; Bot. Not. 116: 420 (1963), in obs.
= Dinebra pubescens K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 111 (1895)
= Festuca diaphana Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 316 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Festuca flexa (Nees) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 316 (1854)
= Festuca quartiniana A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 435 (1850)
= Triticum flexum (Nees) Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 441 (1850)
species :
Brachypodium glaucovirens (Murb.) Sagorski; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 16: 34 (1901)
Name: Blaugrüne Zwenke (DE); Blue-green False-brome (EN)
Distribution: Crete; Algeria; Canary Isl. (La Palma); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Cyprus (C-Mountains); ?Turkey
13 KRI 20 ALG 21 CNY 34 CYP EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium firmifolium H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 7 (1946)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. glaucovirens Murb.; Beitr. Fl. Südbosnien [Acta Univ. Lund. 27(5)]: 22 (1891)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glaucovirens (Murb.) Brand; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand] 3: 2780 (1907)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glaucovirens (Murb.) Brand; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand] 3: 2780 (1907)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glaucovirens (Murb.) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. [Stojanov & Stefanoff] 1: 161 (1924), isonym
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glaucovirens Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 4: 31 (1907)
species :
Brachypodium humbertianum A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 102: 121 (1955)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Brachypodium hybridum Catalán, Joch.Müll., L.A.J.Mur & T.Langdon; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 109(2): 402 [18 of 21] (2012)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Greece; Morocco; Turkmenistan; Asia Minor; Turkey; Iran; Afghanistan; etc.
11 ger 12 FRA POR SPA 13 GRC ITA 20 MOR 32 TKM 34 AFG IRN TUR
Remarks: 2n = 30. Differs from B. distachyon only in ploidy levels, impossible to distinguish in the field
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium distachyon f. platystachyum (Balansa ex Coss.) Pamp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1914: 49 (1914)
= Brachypodium distachyon subvar. platystachyum (Balansa ex Coss.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 48 (1934)
= Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyum Balansa ex Coss.; Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 192 (1855)
= Brachypodium platystachyum Huber; Cat. Graines 1868 [Huber]: 8 (1868)
= Bromus platystachyus Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 195 (1791), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Trachynia platystachya (Balansa ex Coss.) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 28: 173 (1998)
species :
Brachypodium kawakamii Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 21: 51 (1907)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Bromus kawakamii Hayata ex Honda; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 32 (1930), in syn.
species :
Brachypodium kotschyi Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 659 (1884)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Brachypodium madagascariense A.Camus & H.Perrier; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 28: 443 (1922)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Brachypodium mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 41 (1827)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío); Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium columbianum Pilg.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 27: 34 (1899)
= Brachypodium latifolium E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl. 125 (1886)
= Brachypodium latifolium E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 3: 584 (1885)
= Brachypodium mexicanum var. inerme Beetle; Phytologia 49: 38 (1981)
= Brachypodium subulatum E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl. 125 (1886)
= Brachypodium subulatum E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 3: 584 (1885)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. scabrum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 763 (1891), nom. illeg.
= Bromus mexicanus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 228 (1841), pro syn.
= Festuca mexicana Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 732 (1817) [nom. nov.]
= Festuca scabra Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 4 (1816) [nom. illeg., non Vahl 1791]
= Triticum mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Schrad.; Linnaea 12: 468 (1838)
= Triticum mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Schrad. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 716 (1841)
= Triticum scaberrimum Tausch; Flora 20: 118 (1837)
species :
Brachypodium obtusifolium Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 95 (1821)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Nevada/Spain, sierras de Tejeda, Almijara, Cázulas, Alfacar)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium boissieri f. aristatum H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 12 (1932)
= Brachypodium boissieri Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur. 425 (1855)
= Brachypodium ramosum subsp. boissieri (Nyman) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 843 (1882)
= Festuca obtusifolia Lag. ex Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 95 (1821), nom. inval.
= Triticum obtusifolium (Link) Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 93 (1838)
species :
Brachypodium peregrinum Stanisl. & Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 46: 88 (2015)
Distribution: NW-European Russia
14 RUS
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Brachypodium perrieri A.Camus; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 28: 442 (1922)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Brachypodium phoenicoides (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 740 (1817)
Name: Thinleaf false brome (EN); Rötliche Zwenke (DE); Broza basta (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Fuerteventura [I]); USA [I] (California [I])
11 ger 12 ADO BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 CRO ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 cny mdr 76 usa
Remarks: records from Balcans and Greece refer to B. retusum or B. rupestre
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium caespitosum var. phoenicoides (L.) Benth.; Cat. Pl. Pyrénées 64 (1826)
= Brachypodium cespitosum var. phoenicoides (L.) Benth.; Cat. Pl. Pyrénées 64 (1826)
= Brachypodium frenchii Sennen ex St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 452 (1934), pro syn.
= Brachypodium gandogeri Hack. ex Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 57: 57 (1910)
= Brachypodium littorale Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 740 (1817)
= Brachypodium longifolium P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101 (1812)
= Brachypodium macropodum Hack.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 27: 48 (1877)
= Brachypodium mucronatum var. multiflorum Willk.; Ill. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 1: 62 (1882)
= Brachypodium mucronatum var. villosum Willk.; Ill. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 1: 62 (1882)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides subvar. gracile St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 452 (1934)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. gracile (St.-Yves) P.Silva & C.M.A.Rodrigues; Bol. Soc. Brot. 60: 157 (1987)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. macropodum (Hack.) Henriq.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 20: 154 (1905)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. obtusum Pau; Cavanillesia 4: 129 (1931)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. reynieri Giraudias; Bull. Assoc. Pyrén. Échange Pl. 8: 15 (1898)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. phoenicoides (L.) Douin; Fl. Ill. France 67 (1934), isonym
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. phoenicoides (L.) Husn.; Graminées 4: 84 (1899), isonym
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. phoenicoides (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 842 (1882)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. australe Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 610 (1856)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. longifolium (P.Beauv.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 634 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. phoenicoides (L.) Lange; Pug. Pl. Hispan. 1: 54 (1860)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. phoenicoides (L.) Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Monocot. 230 (1895)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. reynieri Giraudias; Bull. Assoc. Pyrén. Échange Pl. 8: 15 (1897-1898 publ. 1898)
= Brachypodium ramosum proles phoenicoides (L.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 637 (1901), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium ramosum subvar. glabriflorum St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 466 (1934)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. gigas St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 466 (1934), nomen
= Brachypodium ramosum var. phoenicoides (L.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 1: 944 (1843)
= Brachypodium velutinum Sennen; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 32: 94 (1932)
= Bromus longifolius Schousb.; Iagttag. Vextrig. Marokko 44 (1800), nom. illeg.
= Bromus phoenicoides (L.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 120 (1821)
= Bromus ramosus var. phoenicoides (L.) Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 1: 409 (1833)
= Festuca phoenicoides L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 33 (1767)
= Poa phoenicoides (L.) Koeler; Descr. Gram. [Koeler] 201 (1802)
= Schedonorus phoenicoides (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 699 (1817)
= Triticum phoenicoides (L.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 121 (1804)
species :
Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101, 155 (1812)
Name: Fieder-Zwenke (DE); Heath False-brome (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Scotland [I]); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I]); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, mostly mountains, also Thasos, Kithira, Andikithira); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Eritrea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Leros, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel); China (Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Yunnan); W-Tibet; Mongolia; Nepal; Australia [I] (Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (California [I], Massachusetts [I], Oregon [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 cis COR FRA SAR 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 24 ERI 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 40 NEP 50 aus 51 nzl 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa
Remarks: pinnatum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Agropyron gracile Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 196 (1827)
= Agropyron pinnatum (L.) Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 195 (1827)
= Avena laeta Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 22 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium abbreviatum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 99 (1824)
= Brachypodium barrelieri Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 741 (1817)
= Brachypodium constrictum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896)
= Brachypodium contractum C.Presl; Cyper. Gram. Sicul. 40 (1820)
= Brachypodium corniculatum Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 100 (1824), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium genuense (DC.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 742 (1817)
= Brachypodium hickelis Sennen ex St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 441 (1934)
= Brachypodium intermedium Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 89 (1853), pro syn.
= Brachypodium juzepczukii (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 46: 95 (2015)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. leiostachys Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972), no replaced synonym ref.
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. minus (Schur) Anghel & Beldie; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 12: 344 (1972)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. patens Merino & Roman; Fl. Galicia [Merino] 3: 399 (1909)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. pubescens Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 1: 141 (1917), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. setifolium (Schur) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 20: 318 (1913)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. gracile Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. juzepczukii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 71 (2006)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. ligulatum Buia; Bul. Acad. Stud. Agron. Cluj 6: 205 (1936)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. glabrescens (Coss. & Germ.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 434 (1934)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. glabrum (Rchb.) Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 844 (1861)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. gracile St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 442 (1934), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. megastachyum (R.Uechtr. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 216 (1933)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. villosum (Lej. & Courtois) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 431 (1934)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. abbreviatum (Dumort.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 634 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. barrelieri (Ten.) J.Woods; Tour. Fl. 417 (1850)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. bracteatum Le Gall; Fl. Morbihan 741-742 (1852)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. brevius Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 112 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. genuense (DC.) J.Woods; Tour. Fl. 417 (1850)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glabratum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 154 (1825)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glabrescens Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 843 (1861)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glabrum Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 1: 6 (1834)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glaucum Gaudin & Monnard; Syn. Fl. Helv. 73 (1836)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glomeratum Zimm.; Jahresber. Komm. Untersuch. Dornbirn 1894-1895: 6 (1895)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. gracile Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 633 (1901), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. hispidum (Parn.) Plues; Brit. Grass. 221 (1867)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. ligulatum (Buia) Anghel & Beldie; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 12: 343 (1972)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. macedonicum Kit.; Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg. 1: 485 (1963), no type indicated.
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. megastachyum R.Uechtr. ex Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 633 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. minus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 799 (1866)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. pubescens Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 112 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. pubescens Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 19 (1830)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. setifolium (Schur) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 634 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. villosissimum Domin; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vestn. Král. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk., Tr. Mat.-Prír.) 18: 72 (1904)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. villosum Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 100 (1828)
= Brachypodium ponticum Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vestn. Král. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk., Tr. Mat.-Prír.) 1892: 71 (1893)
= Brachypodium rupestre f. abbreviatum (Dumort.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Brachypodium scaberrimum Wight & Arn. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896), pro syn.
= Brachypodium setifolium Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 800 (1866)
= Brachypodium tenerum Velen.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 10: 34 (1904)
= Brachypodium tenoreanum Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 405 (1824)
= Bromus corniculatus Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 608 (1779), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Bromus fragilis Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 370 (1789)
= Bromus gracilis Leyss.; Fl. Halens., ed. altera 26 (1783), nom. illeg.
= Bromus gracilis var. pauper Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 370 (1789)
= Bromus pinnatus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 78 (1753)
= Bromus pinnatus var. gracilis Lilj.; Utkast Sv. Fl., ed. 2: 51 (1798)
= Bromus pinnatus var. tigurinus Suter; Helvet. Fl. 1: 65 (1802)
= Bromus strictus Haller f. [Arch.Bot.(Leipzig) 1(2): 10 (1797), nom.illeg.]
= Bromus tigurinus Suter; Helvet. Fl. 1: 65 (1802)
= Festuca barrelieri Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): ix (1811)
= Festuca fragilis (Schrank) Borkh.; Botaniker 16-18 (Fl. Grafsch. Catzenelnbogen 2): 65 (1796)
= Festuca genuensis (DC.) Pollini; Fl. Veron. 1: 126 (1822)
= Festuca pinnata (L.) Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson], ed. 2: 48 (1778)
= Festuca pinnata var. glabra Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris 2: 643 (1845)
= Tragus pinnatus (L.) Panz.; Denkschr. Königl. Akad. Wiss. München 4: 299 (1813 publ. 1814)
= Triticum barrelieri (Ten.) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 145 (1829)
= Triticum bromoides Weber; Prim. Fl. Holsat. [Wiggers] 11 (1780), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Triticum genuense DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 284 (1815)
= Triticum pinnatum (L.) Moench; Enum. Pl. Hass. 53 (1777)
= Triticum pinnatum var. abbreviatum (Dumort.) Mathieu; Fl. Gén. Belgique 1: 633 (1854)
= Triticum pinnatum var. compositum Parn.; Grasses Britain 294 (1845)
= Triticum pinnatum var. corniculatum Mathieu; Fl. Gén. Belgique 1: 633 (1854), nom. inval.
= Triticum pinnatum var. hirsutum Parn.; Grasses Britain 296 (1845)
= Triticum pinnatum var. hispidum Parn.; Grasses Britain 294 (1845)
= Triticum scaberrimum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 717 (1841), pro syn.
species :
Brachypodium pringlei Scribn. ex Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 627 (1896)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Brachypodium retusum (Pers.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101, 155 (1812)
Name: Ästige Zwenke (DE); Mediterranean False-brome (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra [I]; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; ?Montenegro; Albania; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece, many islands except Thasos, Limnos); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Ethiopia; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios southward, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (W-Anatolia); Syria (NW-Syria); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen)
11 ger 12 ado BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 24 ETH 34 EAI SYR TUR 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium allionii C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 95 (1826), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Brachypodium bofillii Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 407 (1922), nomen
= Brachypodium caespitosum (Desf.) C.Presl; Cyper. Gram. Sicul. 24 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium capillifolium Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 273 (1932), nomen
= Brachypodium cespitosum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 737 (1817)
= Brachypodium cespitosum var. ramosum (Roth) Benth.; Cat. Pl. Pyrénées 64 (1826)
= Brachypodium hostii Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 40 (1827)
= Brachypodium mucronatum Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 111 (1861)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides subvar. mucronatum (Willk.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 451 (1934)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. bracteolatum Guss.; Enum. Pl. Inarim. 361 (1855)
= Brachypodium phoenicoides var. mucronatum (Willk.) Henriq.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 20: 154 (1905)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. mucronatum (Willk.) Pérez Lara; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 15: 421 (1886)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. ramosum (Roem. & Schult.) Pérez Lara; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 15: 420 (1886)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. mucronatum (Willk.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 1: 329 (1921)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. ramosum (Roem. & Schult.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 102 (1896)
= Brachypodium plukenetii (All.) C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] xlv (1826) (nom. rej. prop.)
= Brachypodium ramosum f. capillaceum Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 866 (1934)
= Brachypodium ramosum f. plukenetii (All.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 218 (1933)
= Brachypodium ramosum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 737 (1817)
= Brachypodium ramosum subvar. anatherum St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 463 (1934)
= Brachypodium ramosum subvar. bofillianum St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 465 (1934)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. plukenetii (All.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 657 (1901)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. plukenetii (All.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 842 (1882)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. roemeri St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 460 (1934)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. scabriculme Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 98 (1942)
= Brachypodium ramosum var. scoparium Sennen; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 180 (1910)
= Brachypodium ramosus var. roemeri St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 460 (1934)
= Brachypodium scoparium Sennen; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 15(1): 41 (1931), nomen
= Brachypodium ×willkommii Sennen ex St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 467 (1934), pro syn.
= Brachypodium wilsonis Sennen ex St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 466, 492 (1934), pro syn.
= Bromus plukenetii All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 250 (1785), nom. rej. prop., as ´pluckenetii´
= Bromus ramosus L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 34 (1767), nom. illeg.
= Bromus retusus Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 96 (1805), nom. cons. prop.
= Festuca caespitosa Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 91 (1798)
= Festuca phoenicoides var. ramosa (Roth) Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 4: 128 (1837)
= Festuca ramosa (Roem. & Schult.) Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 76 (1821)
= Triticum caespitosum (Desf.) DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 153 (1813)
species :
Brachypodium rupestre (Host) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 736 (1817)
Name: Felsen-Zwenke, Stein-Zwenke (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Czech Republic [I]; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Albania; Greece (scattered mountains of NW-, NC-, C- Greece, Peloponnisos, Sithona peninsula, Mt. Athos, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl.); European Russia; Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Ilha de Sao Tiago [I]); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; USA [I] (California [I])
11 cze GER HUN 12 FRA POR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA SLV SMA 14 RUS 21 cvi 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 76 usa
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in B. pinnatum, but sometimes treated as different species
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium caespitosum var. collinum Rchb.; Agrostogr. Germ. 6, t. 17 (1834), nomen
= Brachypodium cespitosum (Host) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 737 (1817), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium cespitosum var. collinum Rchb.; Agrostogr. Germ. 6, t. 17 (1834), nomen
= Brachypodium pinnatum proles cespitosum (Host) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 296 (1913)
= Brachypodium pinnatum proles rupestre (Host) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 296 (1913)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. cespitosum (Host) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1903: 39 (1903)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. collinum (Rchb.) Posp.; Fl. Oesterr. Küstenl. 1: 137 (1897)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. caespitosum (Host) Hack.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 10-11: 32 (1914)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. cespitosum (Host) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 5: 116 (1968)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. cespitosum (Host) Hack.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 21: 85 (1915)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. rupestre (Host) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 48 (1834)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subvar. rupestre (Host) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 439 (1934)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. cespitosum (Host) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 818 (1837)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. collinum (Rchb.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 634 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. rupestre (Host) Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 1: 6 (1834)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. rupestre (Host) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 818 (1837)
= Brachypodium rupestre f. scholzii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972), no type indicated.
= Brachypodium rupestre subsp. cespitosum (Host) H.Scholz; Willdenowia 5: 116 (1968)
= Brachypodium rupestre var. setifolium (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Bromus cespitosus Host; Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: t. 18 (1809)
= Bromus rupestris Host; Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: t. 17 (1809)
= Festuca rupestris (Host) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phan. Germ. 1(1): 311 (1827)
species :
Brachypodium stacei Catalán, Joch.Müll., L.A.J.Mur & T.Langdon; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 109(2): 402 [18 of 21] (2012)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily; Greece; Morocco; etc.; W-China [I]
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 GRC SIC 20 MOR 36 chi
Remarks: 2n = 20. Differs from B. distachyon only in ploidy levels, impossible to distinguish in the field
species :
Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101, 155 (1812)
Name: Wald-Zwenke (DE); Slender false brome (EN); Pasto de monte (ES)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey, Sark); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, incl. many islands); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Fogo Isl.); Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Parwan); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Saudi Arabia (Asir); China (Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; Pakistan (Dir, Chitral, Swat, Murree, Hazara, Gilgit, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Sri Lanka; Sumatra; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Oregon [I]); Mexico [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 23 BIO 24 ERI ETH SUD 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 42 JAW LSI MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM 51 nzl 73 usa 79 mex 85 arg uru
Synonyms: hidden
= Agropyron miserum (Thunb.) Tanaka; Bult. Sci. Fak. Terk. Kjusu Imp. Univ. 1: 197 (1925)
= Agropyron nubigenum (Nees ex Steud.) Nees ex Koord.; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 1: 164 (1911)
= Agropyron nubigenum Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 342 (1854)
= Agropyron sylvaticum (Huds.) Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris 2: 196 (1827)
= Brachypodium barbinode Bercht. & Seidl; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1: 391 (1836)
= Brachypodium fontanesii Nees ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896), pro syn.
= Brachypodium formosanum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 94 (1917), et Icon. Pl. Formosan. vii. Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 93 (1918)
= Brachypodium gaditanum Talavera; Lagascalia 14(1): 120 (1986)
= Brachypodium glabrum Candargy ex Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 81 (1930), pro syn.
= Brachypodium glaucovirens f. intermedium Degen; Fl. Veleb. 1: 571 (1936)
= Brachypodium gracile (Weigel) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 101 (1812)
= Brachypodium gracile var. majus Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 45 (1851)
= Brachypodium gracile var. pubescens Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 70 (1838)
= Brachypodium hayatanum Honda; J. Jap. Bot. 12: 154 (1936)
= Brachypodium involutum Buse; Pl. Jungh. [Miquel] 347 (1854)
= Brachypodium kelungense Honda; J. Jap. Bot. 12: 153 (1936)
= Brachypodium kurilense (Prob.) Prob.; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 1: 109 (1985)
= Brachypodium laxum Bercht. & Seidl; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1: 391 (1836)
= Brachypodium manschuricum Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 108, 117 (1933)
= Brachypodium miserum (Thunb.) Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 303 (1925)
= Brachypodium miserum subsp. kurilense (Prob.) Vorosch.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 95(2): 91 (1990)
= Brachypodium miserum var. miserrimum Honda; J. Jap. Bot. 12: 152 (1936)
= Brachypodium nepalense Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 316 (1854)
= Brachypodium pinnatum f. gracile (Weigel) Posp.; Fl. Oesterr. Küstenl. 1: 137 (1897)
= Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. gracile (Leyss.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. glaucovirens St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 435 (1934), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. gracile (Leyss.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 633 (1901)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. sylvaticum (Huds.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 1: 321 (1921)
= Brachypodium pinnatum var. sylvaticum (Huds.) St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 431 (1934)
= Brachypodium pratense Keng ex Keng f.; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4(3): 278 (1982)
= Brachypodium pubescens (Peterm.) Mussajev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 72: 94 (1987)
= Brachypodium pubifolium Hitchc.; Brittonia 2: 108 (1936)
= Brachypodium rigidulum Opiz & Bercht.; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 1: 892 (1836)
= Brachypodium scaberrimum Wight & Arn.; Cat. Indian Pl. [Wight] 107 (1834), nomen
= Brachypodium spryginii (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 46: 94 (2015)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum f. glaberrimum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 763 (1891), nomen
= Brachypodium sylvaticum f. villosum Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 217 (1933), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. creticum H.Scholz & Greuter; Willdenowia 15(1): 30 (1985)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. dumosum (Vill.) Tzvelev; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 18: 21 (1970)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. gracile (Weigel) Dumort.; Observ. Gramin. Belg. 99 (1824)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. kurilense Prob.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 67: 63 (1982)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. luzoniense Hack.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1 (Suppl.): 269 (1906)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. pubescens (Peterm.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 89 (1973)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. spryginii Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 38: 71 (2006)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum subvar. villosum Litard.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 71: 705 (1924), pro syn.
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. asperum Hack.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 269 (1906)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. balcanicum Kit.; Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg. 1: 485 (1963)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. breviglume Keng ex Keng f.; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4(3): 277 (1982)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. dumosum (Vill.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 110 (1890)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. formosanum (Hayata) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 95 (1941)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. gaditanum (Talavera) A.Galán; Lagascalia 18: 56 (1995)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glabratum Czeczott; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 107: 251 (1939)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glabrescens Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 843 (1861)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glabrum Ducommun; Taschenb. Schweiz. Bot. 893 (1869)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. glabrum Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 100 (1828)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. gracile (Weigel) Keng; Sunyatsenia 6: 54 (1941)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. involutum (Buse) Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 242 (1953)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. kelungense (Honda) C.C.Hsu; Taiwania 16(2): 236 (1971)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. khasianum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 362 (1886)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. laeve Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 560 (1838)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. leiospicum H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 227 (1938)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. longiaristatum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. luzoniense (Hack.) H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 228 (1938)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. majus Andersson; Pl. Scand. Cyper. 2: 14 (1852)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. miserum (Thunb.) Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 80 (1930)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. multiflorum Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 111 (1861)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. pilosum Post; Fl. Syria [Post] 895 (1896)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. prorepens Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 636 (1901)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. psedodistachyum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. pubescens Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 113 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. pubifolium (Hitchc.) Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 242 (1953)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. scabrum Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 560 (1838)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. scabrum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 153 (1825)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. villosum Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 100 (1828), nom. illeg.
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. villosum Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 560 (1838)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. villosum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 153 (1825)
= Brachypodium sylvaticum var. wattii (C.B.Clarke) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 363 (1896)
= Brachypodium wattii C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 25: 90, t. 40 (1889)
= Brevipodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 37 (1961)
= Brevipodium sylvaticum var. dumosum (Vill.) P.Silva & Teles; Agron. Lusit. 34: 180 (1973)
= Bromus dumosus Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 2: 119 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Bromus gracilis var. villosus Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 2(1): 145 (1789)
= Bromus gracilis Weigel; Observ. Bot. [Weigel] 15 (1772)
= Bromus patentissimus Weigel; Observ. Bot. [Weigel] 12 (1772)
= Bromus pinnatus Oeder; Fl. Dan. [Oeder et al.] t. 164 (1764), nom. illeg.
= Bromus pinnatus var. gracilis (Weigel) Chaub.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 1: 409 (1833)
= Bromus pinnatus var. sylvaticus (Huds.) Wahlenb.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 1805: 116 (1805)
= Bromus silvaticus J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 190 (1791), orth. var.
= Bromus sylvaticus (Huds.) Lyons; Fasc. Pl. Cantabr. 15 (1763)
= Bromus sylvaticus (Huds.) Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 118 (1776), nom. illeg.
= Bromus sylvaticus var. gracilis (Weigel) St.-Amans; Fl. Agen. [St.-Amans] 45 (1821)
= Bromus triflorus Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 1: 90 (1787), nomen
= Elymus nubigenus (Nees ex Steud.) Á.Löve; Feddes Repert. 95: 469 (1984)
= Festuca calamaria Sm.; Fl. Brit. 1: 121 (1800)
= Festuca gracilis (Weigel) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 191 (1794)
= Festuca misera Thunb.; Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 119 (1784)
= Festuca nepalensis Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 316 (1854)
= Festuca pinnata var. sylvatica (Huds.) Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson], ed. 2: 48 (1778)
= Festuca sylvatica Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson] 1: 38 (1762)
= Poa misera (Thunb.) Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 31: 257 (1917)
= Poa quadriflora Moench ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 362 (1841), pro syn.
= Poa remota Fr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 832 (1882), nomen
= Poa sabauda Suter; Helvet. Fl. 2: 403 (1802), nom. illeg.
= Poa subnuda J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 179 (1791)
= Polypogon miser (Thunb.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 214 (1912)
= Schedonorus calamarius (Sm.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 99 (1812)
= Tragus gracilis (Weigel) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 1098 (1895)
= Triticum barbinode Tausch; Flora 17: 447 (1834), nomen
= Triticum gracile (Weigel) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 121 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Triticum involutum (Buse) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 402 (1857)
= Triticum nubigenum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 342 (1854)
= Triticum sylvaticum (Huds.) Moench; Enum. Pl. Hass. 54 (1777)
= Triticum sylvaticum (Huds.) Parn.; Grasses Scotland 1(1): 132, pl. 61 (1842)
= Triticum teretiflorum Wibel; Prim. Fl. Werth. [Wibel] 140 (1799), nom. illeg.
species :
Brachypodium ×ambrosii Sennen; Pl. Espagne [Exsicc.] 1925, no. 5447 (1926-1927), in sched.
Distribution: Spain; etc.
12 SPA
Remarks: Brachypodium distachyon x B. sylvaticum
species :
Brachypodium ×apollinaris Sennen; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 15(1): 41 (1931)
Distribution: Spain; etc.
12 SPA
Remarks: Brachypodium distachyon x B. phoenicoidea
species :
Brachypodium ×cugnacii A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 100 (1931)
Distribution: Spain; etc.
12 SPA
Remarks: Brachypodium pinnatum x B. sylvaticum
species :
Brachypodium ×diazii Sennen; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 15(1): 41 (1931), nom. inval.
Distribution: Spain; etc.
12 SPA
Remarks: Brachypodium pinnatum x B. retusum
species :
Brachypodium ×paui Sennen; Bull. Géogr. Bot. 21(259): 133 (1911)
Distribution: Spain; etc.
12 SPA
Remarks: Brachypodium distachyon x B. retusum
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachypodium distachyon subsp. paui (Sennen) Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 10 (1977)
= Brachypodium paui f. fontqueri St.-Yves; Candollea 5: 487 (1934)
= Trachynia distachya subsp. paui (Sennen) Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 10 (1976 publ. 1977)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life